Bringing chapter up to date with FreeBSD Handbook changes. There are still

a number of changes; this is not yet up to date.

Changelist pasted:

 Revision 1.169, Fri Aug 27 12:04:24 2004 UTC (18 months, 1 week ago) by blackend
 Branch: MAIN
 CVS Tags: ISBN_1-57176-328-7
 Changes since 1.168: +4 -4 lines
 Diff to previous 1.168 (colored)

 - Some s/option/literal tags for consistency
 - A process state should not considered as an errorname, literal tags is
   maybe a better choice in this case.

   Revision 1.168, Fri Aug 20 09:40:15 2004 UTC (18 months, 2 weeks ago) by blackend
   Branch: MAIN
   Changes since 1.167: +6 -6 lines
   Diff to previous 1.167 (colored)

   - Add a non-breaking space where needed.
   - Reword "15+" and "5.0+"
   - Use right inline tags for a kernel configuration line.

   Revision 1.167, Wed Aug 11 21:01:42 2004 UTC (18 months, 4 weeks ago) by blackend
   Branch: MAIN
   Changes since 1.166: +4 -4 lines
   Diff to previous 1.166 (colored)

   In Virtual Hosts section:
   - Use of hostid tags for netmasks
   - Add missing literal tags

   Revision 1.166, Wed Aug 11 20:19:40 2004 UTC (18 months, 4 weeks ago) by blackend
   Branch: MAIN
   Changes since 1.165: +1 -1 lines
   Diff to previous 1.165 (colored)

   NetBSD is not an application.

   Revision 1.165, Mon Aug 9 12:58:05 2004 UTC (19 months ago) by roam
   Branch: MAIN
   Changes since 1.164: +4 -4 lines
   Diff to previous 1.164 (colored)

   Chase the change of the default value of vfs.vmiodirenable to 1:
   there were parts of the text that still spoke of 'turning it on' or
   'keeping it off'.

   PR:		70005
   Submitted by:	Marju Ignatjeva <marju@bsd.ee>

   Revision 1.164, Mon Aug 9 12:00:47 2004 UTC (19 months ago) by roam
   Branch: MAIN
   Changes since 1.163: +12 -2 lines
   Diff to previous 1.163 (colored)

   Emphasize a bit the need for an all-ones netmask on "secondary"
   interface addresses.

   PR:		68746
   Reported by:	Dave Duchscher <daved@tamu.edu>
   Reviewed by:	keramida

   Revision 1.163, Thu Aug 5 10:04:29 2004 UTC (19 months ago) by den
   Branch: MAIN
   Changes since 1.162: +1 -1 lines
   Diff to previous 1.162 (colored)

   Use url entities for links between docs

   Revision 1.162, Wed Jul 28 09:14:23 2004 UTC (19 months, 1 week ago) by murray
   Branch: MAIN
   Changes since 1.161: +4 -8 lines
   Diff to previous 1.161 (colored)

   * Remove CVSup knowledge from the pre-requisites in the chapter
     synopsis.  I don't see anywhere in the chapter where that knowledge
       is required, and it is a forward reference in any case.

   * Use an <xref> rather than a ulink to a specific html file to refer
	to an earlier section of this chapter.

	 Revision 1.161, Wed Jul 21 09:06:27 2004 UTC (19 months, 2 weeks ago) by murray
	 Branch: MAIN
	 Changes since 1.160: +1 -1 lines
	 Diff to previous 1.160 (colored)

	 Spellcheck: address, Internet, Ethernet.

	 Found by:	make spellcheck

	 Revision 1.160, Mon Jul 12 07:04:56 2004 UTC (19 months, 4 weeks ago) by murray
	 Branch: MAIN
	 Changes since 1.159: +2 -1 lines
	 Diff to previous 1.159 (colored)

	 Wrap long lines in <programlisting> and <screen> sections.  These flow
	 over the page in print output, and make the user scroll in HTML
	 output.

	 Revision 1.159, Thu Jul 8 07:28:59 2004 UTC (20 months ago) by murray
	 Branch: MAIN
	 Changes since 1.158: +6 -0 lines
	 Diff to previous 1.158 (colored)

	 Use column width attribute to make tables more aesthetically pleasing
	 in print output.

	 Revision 1.158, Tue Jul 6 14:25:54 2004 UTC (20 months ago) by den
	 Branch: MAIN
	 Changes since 1.157: +2 -0 lines
	 Diff to previous 1.157 (colored)

	 Close / fix pair tags

	 Revision 1.157, Tue Jul 6 12:06:17 2004 UTC (20 months ago) by den
	 Branch: MAIN
	 Changes since 1.156: +1 -1 lines
	 Diff to previous 1.156 (colored)

	 Use relative link to FAQ

	 Revision 1.156, Thu Jun 17 08:33:11 2004 UTC (20 months, 3 weeks ago) by blackend
	 Branch: MAIN
	 Changes since 1.155: +7 -1 lines
	 Diff to previous 1.155 (colored)

	 In the Tuning with sysctl section:
	 mention /etc/sysctl.conf and add a link to the sysctl.conf section
	 (6.10.4).

	 PR:		docs/68037
	 Submitted by:	Brad Davis <so14k@so14k.com>

	 Revision 1.155, Wed Jun 16 15:14:06 2004 UTC (20 months, 3 weeks ago) by trhodes
	 Branch: MAIN
	 Changes since 1.154: +1 -1 lines
	 Diff to previous 1.154 (colored)

	 It is 'device acpica' in 4.X.

	 Noticed by:	Gustaaf Wijnands <gwg.wijnands@xs4all.nl>

diff --git a/en/books/handbook/config/chapter.sgml b/en/books/handbook/config/chapter.sgml
index 9721fca..ce5c9d6 100644 (file)
--- a/en/books/handbook/config/chapter.sgml
+++ b/en/books/handbook/config/chapter.sgml
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 <!--
      The FreeBSD Documentation Project
 
-     $FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.sgml,v 1.154 2004/06/08 11:41:49 den Exp $
-     $DragonFly: doc/en/books/handbook/config/chapter.sgml,v 1.9 2005/09/06 00:28:13 reed Exp $
+     $FreeBSD: /usr/local/www/cvsroot/FreeBSD/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/config/chapter.sgml,v 1.169 2004/08/27 12:04:24 blackend Exp $
+     $DragonFly: doc/en/books/handbook/config/chapter.sgml,v 1.10 2006/03/11 04:39:33 justin Exp $
 -->
 
 <chapter id="config-tuning">
@@ -85,9 +85,7 @@
            linkend="basics">).</para>
       </listitem>
       <listitem>
-       <para>Be familiar with keeping &os; sources up to date
-         (<xref linkend="updating-setup">), and
-         the basics of kernel configuration/compilation
+       <para>Be familiar with the basics of kernel configuration/compilation
          (<xref linkend="kernelconfig">).</para>
       </listitem>
     </itemizedlist>
@@ -950,7 +948,7 @@ tun0: flags=8010&lt;POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500</screen>
            is <literal>active</literal>, i.e. the carrier is detected.
            For <devicename>dc1</devicename>, we see
            <literal>status: no carrier</literal>.  This is normal when
-           an ethernet cable is not plugged into the card.</para>
+           an Ethernet cable is not plugged into the card.</para>
        </listitem>
       </orderedlist>
 
@@ -1146,8 +1144,9 @@ round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.700/0.729/0.766/0.025 ms</screen>
 
 <programlisting>ifconfig_fxp0_alias0="inet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx netmask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx"</programlisting>
 
-    <para>Note that alias entries must start with alias0 and proceed
-      upwards in order, (for example, _alias1, _alias2, and so on).
+    <para>Note that alias entries must start with 
+      <literal>alias0</literal> and proceed upwards in order, (for example, 
+      <literal>_alias1</literal>, <literal>_alias2</literal>, and so on).
       The configuration process will stop at the first missing number.
     </para>
 
@@ -1155,7 +1154,10 @@ round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.700/0.729/0.766/0.025 ms</screen>
       fortunately quite simple.  For a given interface, there must be
       one address which correctly represents the network's netmask.
       Any other addresses which fall within this network must have a
-      netmask of all <literal>1</literal>s.</para>
+      netmask of all <literal>1</literal>s (expressed as either
+      <hostid role="netmask">255.255.255.255</hostid> or 
+      <hostid role="netmask">0xffffffff</hostid>).
+    </para>
 
     <para>For example, consider the case where the
       <devicename>fxp0</devicename> interface is
@@ -1166,7 +1168,15 @@ round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.700/0.729/0.766/0.025 ms</screen>
       We want the system to appear at <hostid role="ipaddr">10.1.1.1</hostid>
       through <hostid role="ipaddr">10.1.1.5</hostid> and at
       <hostid role="ipaddr">202.0.75.17</hostid> through
-      <hostid role="ipaddr">202.0.75.20</hostid>.</para>
+      <hostid role="ipaddr">202.0.75.20</hostid>.  As noted above, only the
+      first address in a given network range (in this case,
+      <hostid role="ipaddr">10.0.1.1</hostid> and
+      <hostid role="ipaddr">202.0.75.17</hostid>) should have a real
+      netmask; all the rest (<hostid role="ipaddr">10.1.1.2</hostid>
+      through <hostid role="ipaddr">10.1.1.5</hostid> and
+      <hostid role="ipaddr">202.0.75.18</hostid> through
+      <hostid role="ipaddr">202.0.75.20</hostid>) must be configured with a
+      netmask of <hostid role="netmask">255.255.255.255</hostid>.</para>
 
     <para>The following entries configure the adapter correctly for
       this arrangement:</para>
@@ -1193,6 +1203,8 @@ round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.700/0.729/0.766/0.025 ms</screen>
 
       <informaltable frame="none">
        <tgroup cols="2">
+      <colspec colwidth="1*">
+      <colspec colwidth="2*">
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry><filename>/etc</filename></entry>
@@ -1261,6 +1273,8 @@ round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.700/0.729/0.766/0.025 ms</screen>
 
        <informaltable frame="none">
          <tgroup cols="2">
+      <colspec colwidth="1*">
+      <colspec colwidth="2*">
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry><literal>nameserver</literal></entry>
@@ -1455,7 +1469,7 @@ cron.*                                          /var/log/cron
       </sect3>
     </sect2>
 
-    <sect2>
+    <sect2 id="configtuning-sysctlconf">
       <title><filename>sysctl.conf</filename></title>
 
       <indexterm><primary>sysctl.conf</primary></indexterm>
@@ -1518,6 +1532,12 @@ kern.maxfiles: 2088 -> 5000</screen>
       numbers, or booleans (a  boolean being <literal>1</literal> for yes
       or a <literal>0</literal> for no).</para>
 
+    <para>If you want to set automatically some variables each time
+      the machine boots, add them to the
+      <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename> file.  For more information
+      see the &man.sysctl.conf.5; manual page and the
+      <xref linkend="configtuning-sysctlconf">.</para>
+
   <sect2 id="sysctl-readonly">
     <sect2info>
       <authorgroup>
@@ -1573,18 +1593,18 @@ device_probe_and_attach: cbb0 attach returned 12</screen>
          system.  Most directories are small, using just a single
          fragment (typically 1&nbsp;K) in the file system and less
          (typically 512&nbsp;bytes) in the buffer cache.
-         However, when operating in the default mode the buffer
+         With this variable turned off (to 0), the buffer
          cache will only cache a fixed number of directories even if
-         you have a huge amount of memory.  Turning on this sysctl
+         ou have a huge amount of memory.  When turned on (to 1), this sysctl
          allows the buffer cache to use the VM Page Cache to cache the
          directories, making all the memory available for caching
          directories.  However,
          the minimum in-core memory used to cache a directory is the
          physical page size (typically 4&nbsp;K) rather than 512&nbsp;
-         bytes.  We recommend turning this option on if you are running
+         bytes.  We recommend keeping this option on if you are running
          any services which manipulate large numbers of files.  Such
          services can include web caches, large mail systems, and news
-         systems.  Turning on this option will generally not reduce
+         systems.  Keeping this option on will generally not reduce
          performance even with the wasted memory but you should
          experiment to find out.</para>
       </sect3>
@@ -1931,7 +1951,7 @@ device_probe_and_attach: cbb0 attach returned 12</screen>
     <sect2>
       <title>Network Limits</title>
 
-      <para>The <option>NMBCLUSTERS</option> kernel configuration
+      <para>The <literal>NMBCLUSTERS</literal> kernel configuration
        option dictates the amount of network Mbufs available to the
        system.  A heavily-trafficked server with a low number of Mbufs
        will hinder &os;'s ability.  Each cluster represents
@@ -1955,11 +1975,11 @@ device_probe_and_attach: cbb0 attach returned 12</screen>
       <para>For busy servers that make extensive use of the
        &man.sendfile.2; system call, it may be necessary to increase
        the number of &man.sendfile.2; buffers via the
-       <option>NSFBUFS</option> kernel configuration option or by
+       <literal>NSFBUFS</literal> kernel configuration option or by
        setting its value in <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>
        (see &man.loader.8; for details).  A common indicator that
        this parameter needs to be adjusted is when processes are seen
-       in the <errorname>sfbufa</errorname> state.  The sysctl
+       in the <literal>sfbufa</literal> state.  The sysctl
        variable <varname>kern.ipc.nsfbufs</varname> is a read-only
        glimpse at the kernel configured variable.  This parameter
        nominally scales with <varname>kern.maxusers</varname>,
@@ -2014,7 +2034,7 @@ device_probe_and_attach: cbb0 attach returned 12</screen>
        </indexterm>
 
        <para>The TCP Bandwidth Delay Product Limiting is similar to
-         TCP/Vegas in <application>&netbsd;</application>.
+         TCP/Vegas in NetBSD.
 
          <indexterm><primary>&netbsd;</primary></indexterm>
          
@@ -2594,7 +2614,8 @@ device_probe_and_attach: cbb0 attach returned 12</screen>
        is usually manifested by kernel console messages like
        this:</para>
 
-      <screen>ACPI-1287: *** Error: Method execution failed [\\_SB_.PCI0.LPC0.FIGD._STA] (Node 0xc3f6d160), AE_NOT_FOUND</screen>
+      <screen>ACPI-1287: *** Error: Method execution failed [\\_SB_.PCI0.LPC0.FIGD._STA] \\
+(Node 0xc3f6d160), AE_NOT_FOUND</screen>
 
       <para>Often, you can resolve these problems by updating your
        <acronym>BIOS</acronym> to the latest revision.  Most console
@@ -2656,6 +2677,7 @@ device_probe_and_attach: cbb0 attach returned 12</screen>
          <option>hw.acpi.osname</option>=<quote>Windows 2001</quote>
          in <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> or other similar
          strings you find in the <acronym>ASL</acronym>.</para>
+    </sect3>
 
       <sect3>
        <title>Missing Return statements</title>
@@ -2697,6 +2719,7 @@ acpi_dsdt_name="/boot/DSDT.aml"</programlisting>
        <para>Be sure to copy your <filename>DSDT.aml</filename> to the
          <filename role="directory">/boot</filename> directory.</para>
       </sect3>
+    </sect2>
 
     <sect2 id="ACPI-debugoutput">
       <title>Getting Debugging Output From