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| 73 | .if t \{\ |
| 74 | . ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) |
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| 86 | . ds ~ ~ |
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| 90 | . ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" |
| 91 | . ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' |
| 92 | . ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' |
| 93 | . ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' |
| 94 | . ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' |
| 95 | . ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' |
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| 98 | .ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' |
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| 101 | .ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' |
| 102 | .ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' |
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| 111 | .if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ |
| 112 | \{\ |
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| 121 | . ds Ae AE |
| 122 | .\} |
| 123 | .rm #[ #] #H #V #F C |
| 124 | .\" ======================================================================== |
| 125 | .\" |
| 126 | .IX Title "OBJDUMP 1" |
| 127 | .TH OBJDUMP 1 "2011-11-21" "binutils-2.21.90" "GNU Development Tools" |
| 128 | .\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes |
| 129 | .\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. |
| 130 | .if n .ad l |
| 131 | .nh |
| 132 | .SH "NAME" |
| 133 | objdump \- display information from object files. |
| 134 | .SH "SYNOPSIS" |
| 135 | .IX Header "SYNOPSIS" |
| 136 | objdump [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-archive\-headers\fR] |
| 137 | [\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] |
| 138 | [\fB\-C\fR|\fB\-\-demangle\fR[=\fIstyle\fR] ] |
| 139 | [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\fR] |
| 140 | [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR] |
| 141 | [\fB\-z\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR] |
| 142 | [\fB\-EB\fR|\fB\-EL\fR|\fB\-\-endian=\fR{big | little }] |
| 143 | [\fB\-f\fR|\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR] |
| 144 | [\fB\-F\fR|\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR] |
| 145 | [\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR] |
| 146 | [\fB\-g\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\fR] |
| 147 | [\fB\-e\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR] |
| 148 | [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR|\fB\-\-headers\fR] |
| 149 | [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-info\fR] |
| 150 | [\fB\-j\fR \fIsection\fR|\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIsection\fR] |
| 151 | [\fB\-l\fR|\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR] |
| 152 | [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-source\fR] |
| 153 | [\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR|\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR] |
| 154 | [\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR|\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR] |
| 155 | [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR] |
| 156 | [\fB\-P\fR \fIoptions\fR|\fB\-\-private=\fR\fIoptions\fR] |
| 157 | [\fB\-r\fR|\fB\-\-reloc\fR] |
| 158 | [\fB\-R\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR] |
| 159 | [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR] |
| 160 | [\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]\fR| |
| 161 | \fB\-\-dwarf\fR[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]] |
| 162 | [\fB\-G\fR|\fB\-\-stabs\fR] |
| 163 | [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-syms\fR] |
| 164 | [\fB\-T\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR] |
| 165 | [\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR] |
| 166 | [\fB\-w\fR|\fB\-\-wide\fR] |
| 167 | [\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR] |
| 168 | [\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR] |
| 169 | [\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR] |
| 170 | [\fB\-\-[no\-]show\-raw\-insn\fR] |
| 171 | [\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR] |
| 172 | [\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR] |
| 173 | [\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR] |
| 174 | [\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR] |
| 175 | [\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR] |
| 176 | [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR] |
| 177 | [\fB\-H\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] |
| 178 | \fIobjfile\fR... |
| 179 | .SH "DESCRIPTION" |
| 180 | .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
| 181 | \&\fBobjdump\fR displays information about one or more object files. |
| 182 | The options control what particular information to display. This |
| 183 | information is mostly useful to programmers who are working on the |
| 184 | compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their |
| 185 | program to compile and work. |
| 186 | .PP |
| 187 | \&\fIobjfile\fR... are the object files to be examined. When you |
| 188 | specify archives, \fBobjdump\fR shows information on each of the member |
| 189 | object files. |
| 190 | .SH "OPTIONS" |
| 191 | .IX Header "OPTIONS" |
| 192 | The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are |
| 193 | equivalent. At least one option from the list |
| 194 | \&\fB\-a,\-d,\-D,\-e,\-f,\-g,\-G,\-h,\-H,\-p,\-P,\-r,\-R,\-s,\-S,\-t,\-T,\-V,\-x\fR must be given. |
| 195 | .IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 |
| 196 | .IX Item "-a" |
| 197 | .PD 0 |
| 198 | .IP "\fB\-\-archive\-header\fR" 4 |
| 199 | .IX Item "--archive-header" |
| 200 | .PD |
| 201 | If any of the \fIobjfile\fR files are archives, display the archive |
| 202 | header information (in a format similar to \fBls \-l\fR). Besides the |
| 203 | information you could list with \fBar tv\fR, \fBobjdump \-a\fR shows |
| 204 | the object file format of each archive member. |
| 205 | .IP "\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR" 4 |
| 206 | .IX Item "--adjust-vma=offset" |
| 207 | When dumping information, first add \fIoffset\fR to all the section |
| 208 | addresses. This is useful if the section addresses do not correspond to |
| 209 | the symbol table, which can happen when putting sections at particular |
| 210 | addresses when using a format which can not represent section addresses, |
| 211 | such as a.out. |
| 212 | .IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 |
| 213 | .IX Item "-b bfdname" |
| 214 | .PD 0 |
| 215 | .IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 |
| 216 | .IX Item "--target=bfdname" |
| 217 | .PD |
| 218 | Specify that the object-code format for the object files is |
| 219 | \&\fIbfdname\fR. This option may not be necessary; \fIobjdump\fR can |
| 220 | automatically recognize many formats. |
| 221 | .Sp |
| 222 | For example, |
| 223 | .Sp |
| 224 | .Vb 1 |
| 225 | \& objdump \-b oasys \-m vax \-h fu.o |
| 226 | .Ve |
| 227 | .Sp |
| 228 | displays summary information from the section headers (\fB\-h\fR) of |
| 229 | \&\fIfu.o\fR, which is explicitly identified (\fB\-m\fR) as a \s-1VAX\s0 object |
| 230 | file in the format produced by Oasys compilers. You can list the |
| 231 | formats available with the \fB\-i\fR option. |
| 232 | .IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4 |
| 233 | .IX Item "-C" |
| 234 | .PD 0 |
| 235 | .IP "\fB\-\-demangle[=\fR\fIstyle\fR\fB]\fR" 4 |
| 236 | .IX Item "--demangle[=style]" |
| 237 | .PD |
| 238 | Decode (\fIdemangle\fR) low-level symbol names into user-level names. |
| 239 | Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this |
| 240 | makes \*(C+ function names readable. Different compilers have different |
| 241 | mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to |
| 242 | choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. |
| 243 | .IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4 |
| 244 | .IX Item "-g" |
| 245 | .PD 0 |
| 246 | .IP "\fB\-\-debugging\fR" 4 |
| 247 | .IX Item "--debugging" |
| 248 | .PD |
| 249 | Display debugging information. This attempts to parse \s-1STABS\s0 and \s-1IEEE\s0 |
| 250 | debugging format information stored in the file and print it out using |
| 251 | a C like syntax. If neither of these formats are found this option |
| 252 | falls back on the \fB\-W\fR option to print any \s-1DWARF\s0 information in |
| 253 | the file. |
| 254 | .IP "\fB\-e\fR" 4 |
| 255 | .IX Item "-e" |
| 256 | .PD 0 |
| 257 | .IP "\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR" 4 |
| 258 | .IX Item "--debugging-tags" |
| 259 | .PD |
| 260 | Like \fB\-g\fR, but the information is generated in a format compatible |
| 261 | with ctags tool. |
| 262 | .IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4 |
| 263 | .IX Item "-d" |
| 264 | .PD 0 |
| 265 | .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\fR" 4 |
| 266 | .IX Item "--disassemble" |
| 267 | .PD |
| 268 | Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from |
| 269 | \&\fIobjfile\fR. This option only disassembles those sections which are |
| 270 | expected to contain instructions. |
| 271 | .IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4 |
| 272 | .IX Item "-D" |
| 273 | .PD 0 |
| 274 | .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR" 4 |
| 275 | .IX Item "--disassemble-all" |
| 276 | .PD |
| 277 | Like \fB\-d\fR, but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just |
| 278 | those expected to contain instructions. |
| 279 | .Sp |
| 280 | If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture this switch also has the effect |
| 281 | of forcing the disassembler to decode pieces of data found in code |
| 282 | sections as if they were instructions. |
| 283 | .IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR" 4 |
| 284 | .IX Item "--prefix-addresses" |
| 285 | When disassembling, print the complete address on each line. This is |
| 286 | the older disassembly format. |
| 287 | .IP "\fB\-EB\fR" 4 |
| 288 | .IX Item "-EB" |
| 289 | .PD 0 |
| 290 | .IP "\fB\-EL\fR" 4 |
| 291 | .IX Item "-EL" |
| 292 | .IP "\fB\-\-endian={big|little}\fR" 4 |
| 293 | .IX Item "--endian={big|little}" |
| 294 | .PD |
| 295 | Specify the endianness of the object files. This only affects |
| 296 | disassembly. This can be useful when disassembling a file format which |
| 297 | does not describe endianness information, such as S\-records. |
| 298 | .IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4 |
| 299 | .IX Item "-f" |
| 300 | .PD 0 |
| 301 | .IP "\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR" 4 |
| 302 | .IX Item "--file-headers" |
| 303 | .PD |
| 304 | Display summary information from the overall header of |
| 305 | each of the \fIobjfile\fR files. |
| 306 | .IP "\fB\-F\fR" 4 |
| 307 | .IX Item "-F" |
| 308 | .PD 0 |
| 309 | .IP "\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR" 4 |
| 310 | .IX Item "--file-offsets" |
| 311 | .PD |
| 312 | When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also |
| 313 | display the file offset of the region of data that is about to be |
| 314 | dumped. If zeroes are being skipped, then when disassembly resumes, |
| 315 | tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file offset of the |
| 316 | location from where the disassembly resumes. When dumping sections, |
| 317 | display the file offset of the location from where the dump starts. |
| 318 | .IP "\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR" 4 |
| 319 | .IX Item "--file-start-context" |
| 320 | Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly |
| 321 | (assumes \fB\-S\fR) from a file that has not yet been displayed, extend the |
| 322 | context to the start of the file. |
| 323 | .IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4 |
| 324 | .IX Item "-h" |
| 325 | .PD 0 |
| 326 | .IP "\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR" 4 |
| 327 | .IX Item "--section-headers" |
| 328 | .IP "\fB\-\-headers\fR" 4 |
| 329 | .IX Item "--headers" |
| 330 | .PD |
| 331 | Display summary information from the section headers of the |
| 332 | object file. |
| 333 | .Sp |
| 334 | File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for example by |
| 335 | using the \fB\-Ttext\fR, \fB\-Tdata\fR, or \fB\-Tbss\fR options to |
| 336 | \&\fBld\fR. However, some object file formats, such as a.out, do not |
| 337 | store the starting address of the file segments. In those situations, |
| 338 | although \fBld\fR relocates the sections correctly, using \fBobjdump |
| 339 | \&\-h\fR to list the file section headers cannot show the correct addresses. |
| 340 | Instead, it shows the usual addresses, which are implicit for the |
| 341 | target. |
| 342 | .IP "\fB\-H\fR" 4 |
| 343 | .IX Item "-H" |
| 344 | .PD 0 |
| 345 | .IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 |
| 346 | .IX Item "--help" |
| 347 | .PD |
| 348 | Print a summary of the options to \fBobjdump\fR and exit. |
| 349 | .IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4 |
| 350 | .IX Item "-i" |
| 351 | .PD 0 |
| 352 | .IP "\fB\-\-info\fR" 4 |
| 353 | .IX Item "--info" |
| 354 | .PD |
| 355 | Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available |
| 356 | for specification with \fB\-b\fR or \fB\-m\fR. |
| 357 | .IP "\fB\-j\fR \fIname\fR" 4 |
| 358 | .IX Item "-j name" |
| 359 | .PD 0 |
| 360 | .IP "\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIname\fR" 4 |
| 361 | .IX Item "--section=name" |
| 362 | .PD |
| 363 | Display information only for section \fIname\fR. |
| 364 | .IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4 |
| 365 | .IX Item "-l" |
| 366 | .PD 0 |
| 367 | .IP "\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR" 4 |
| 368 | .IX Item "--line-numbers" |
| 369 | .PD |
| 370 | Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename and |
| 371 | source line numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs shown. |
| 372 | Only useful with \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-D\fR, or \fB\-r\fR. |
| 373 | .IP "\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR" 4 |
| 374 | .IX Item "-m machine" |
| 375 | .PD 0 |
| 376 | .IP "\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR" 4 |
| 377 | .IX Item "--architecture=machine" |
| 378 | .PD |
| 379 | Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files. This |
| 380 | can be useful when disassembling object files which do not describe |
| 381 | architecture information, such as S\-records. You can list the available |
| 382 | architectures with the \fB\-i\fR option. |
| 383 | .Sp |
| 384 | If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch has an |
| 385 | additional effect. It restricts the disassembly to only those |
| 386 | instructions supported by the architecture specified by \fImachine\fR. |
| 387 | If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file does not |
| 388 | contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to |
| 389 | disassemble all the instructions use \fB\-marm\fR. |
| 390 | .IP "\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4 |
| 391 | .IX Item "-M options" |
| 392 | .PD 0 |
| 393 | .IP "\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR" 4 |
| 394 | .IX Item "--disassembler-options=options" |
| 395 | .PD |
| 396 | Pass target specific information to the disassembler. Only supported on |
| 397 | some targets. If it is necessary to specify more than one |
| 398 | disassembler option then multiple \fB\-M\fR options can be used or |
| 399 | can be placed together into a comma separated list. |
| 400 | .Sp |
| 401 | If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch can be used to |
| 402 | select which register name set is used during disassembler. Specifying |
| 403 | \&\fB\-M reg-names-std\fR (the default) will select the register names as |
| 404 | used in \s-1ARM\s0's instruction set documentation, but with register 13 called |
| 405 | \&'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register 15 called 'pc'. Specifying |
| 406 | \&\fB\-M reg-names-apcs\fR will select the name set used by the \s-1ARM\s0 |
| 407 | Procedure Call Standard, whilst specifying \fB\-M reg-names-raw\fR will |
| 408 | just use \fBr\fR followed by the register number. |
| 409 | .Sp |
| 410 | There are also two variants on the \s-1APCS\s0 register naming scheme enabled |
| 411 | by \fB\-M reg-names-atpcs\fR and \fB\-M reg-names-special-atpcs\fR which |
| 412 | use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call Standard naming conventions. (Either |
| 413 | with the normal register names or the special register names). |
| 414 | .Sp |
| 415 | This option can also be used for \s-1ARM\s0 architectures to force the |
| 416 | disassembler to interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by |
| 417 | using the switch \fB\-\-disassembler\-options=force\-thumb\fR. This can be |
| 418 | useful when attempting to disassemble thumb code produced by other |
| 419 | compilers. |
| 420 | .Sp |
| 421 | For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the \fB\-m\fR |
| 422 | switch, but allow finer grained control. Multiple selections from the |
| 423 | following may be specified as a comma separated string. |
| 424 | \&\fBx86\-64\fR, \fBi386\fR and \fBi8086\fR select disassembly for |
| 425 | the given architecture. \fBintel\fR and \fBatt\fR select between |
| 426 | intel syntax mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 syntax mode. |
| 427 | \&\fBintel-mnemonic\fR and \fBatt-mnemonic\fR select between |
| 428 | intel mnemonic mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 mnemonic mode. \fBintel-mnemonic\fR |
| 429 | implies \fBintel\fR and \fBatt-mnemonic\fR implies \fBatt\fR. |
| 430 | \&\fBaddr64\fR, \fBaddr32\fR, |
| 431 | \&\fBaddr16\fR, \fBdata32\fR and \fBdata16\fR specify the default |
| 432 | address size and operand size. These four options will be overridden if |
| 433 | \&\fBx86\-64\fR, \fBi386\fR or \fBi8086\fR appear later in the |
| 434 | option string. Lastly, \fBsuffix\fR, when in \s-1AT&T\s0 mode, |
| 435 | instructs the disassembler to print a mnemonic suffix even when the |
| 436 | suffix could be inferred by the operands. |
| 437 | .Sp |
| 438 | For PowerPC, \fBbooke\fR controls the disassembly of BookE |
| 439 | instructions. \fB32\fR and \fB64\fR select PowerPC and |
| 440 | PowerPC64 disassembly, respectively. \fBe300\fR selects |
| 441 | disassembly for the e300 family. \fB440\fR selects disassembly for |
| 442 | the PowerPC 440. \fBppcps\fR selects disassembly for the paired |
| 443 | single instructions of the \s-1PPC750CL\s0. |
| 444 | .Sp |
| 445 | For \s-1MIPS\s0, this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic |
| 446 | names and register names in disassembled instructions. Multiple |
| 447 | selections from the following may be specified as a comma separated |
| 448 | string, and invalid options are ignored: |
| 449 | .RS 4 |
| 450 | .ie n .IP """no\-aliases""" 4 |
| 451 | .el .IP "\f(CWno\-aliases\fR" 4 |
| 452 | .IX Item "no-aliases" |
| 453 | Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo |
| 454 | instruction mnemonic. I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of 'move', |
| 455 | \&'sll' instead of 'nop', etc. |
| 456 | .ie n .IP """gpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4 |
| 457 | .el .IP "\f(CWgpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4 |
| 458 | .IX Item "gpr-names=ABI" |
| 459 | Print \s-1GPR\s0 (general-purpose register) names as appropriate |
| 460 | for the specified \s-1ABI\s0. By default, \s-1GPR\s0 names are selected according to |
| 461 | the \s-1ABI\s0 of the binary being disassembled. |
| 462 | .ie n .IP """fpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4 |
| 463 | .el .IP "\f(CWfpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4 |
| 464 | .IX Item "fpr-names=ABI" |
| 465 | Print \s-1FPR\s0 (floating-point register) names as |
| 466 | appropriate for the specified \s-1ABI\s0. By default, \s-1FPR\s0 numbers are printed |
| 467 | rather than names. |
| 468 | .ie n .IP """cp0\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4 |
| 469 | .el .IP "\f(CWcp0\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4 |
| 470 | .IX Item "cp0-names=ARCH" |
| 471 | Print \s-1CP0\s0 (system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) register names |
| 472 | as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by |
| 473 | \&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR. By default, \s-1CP0\s0 register names are selected according to |
| 474 | the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled. |
| 475 | .ie n .IP """hwr\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4 |
| 476 | .el .IP "\f(CWhwr\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4 |
| 477 | .IX Item "hwr-names=ARCH" |
| 478 | Print \s-1HWR\s0 (hardware register, used by the \f(CW\*(C`rdhwr\*(C'\fR instruction) names |
| 479 | as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by |
| 480 | \&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR. By default, \s-1HWR\s0 names are selected according to |
| 481 | the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled. |
| 482 | .ie n .IP """reg\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4 |
| 483 | .el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4 |
| 484 | .IX Item "reg-names=ABI" |
| 485 | Print \s-1GPR\s0 and \s-1FPR\s0 names as appropriate for the selected \s-1ABI\s0. |
| 486 | .ie n .IP """reg\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4 |
| 487 | .el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4 |
| 488 | .IX Item "reg-names=ARCH" |
| 489 | Print CPU-specific register names (\s-1CP0\s0 register and \s-1HWR\s0 names) |
| 490 | as appropriate for the selected \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture. |
| 491 | .RE |
| 492 | .RS 4 |
| 493 | .Sp |
| 494 | For any of the options listed above, \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR or |
| 495 | \&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR may be specified as \fBnumeric\fR to have numbers printed |
| 496 | rather than names, for the selected types of registers. |
| 497 | You can list the available values of \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR and \fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR using |
| 498 | the \fB\-\-help\fR option. |
| 499 | .Sp |
| 500 | For \s-1VAX\s0, you can specify function entry addresses with \fB\-M |
| 501 | entry:0xf00ba\fR. You can use this multiple times to properly |
| 502 | disassemble \s-1VAX\s0 binary files that don't contain symbol tables (like |
| 503 | \&\s-1ROM\s0 dumps). In these cases, the function entry mask would otherwise |
| 504 | be decoded as \s-1VAX\s0 instructions, which would probably lead the rest |
| 505 | of the function being wrongly disassembled. |
| 506 | .RE |
| 507 | .IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 |
| 508 | .IX Item "-p" |
| 509 | .PD 0 |
| 510 | .IP "\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR" 4 |
| 511 | .IX Item "--private-headers" |
| 512 | .PD |
| 513 | Print information that is specific to the object file format. The exact |
| 514 | information printed depends upon the object file format. For some |
| 515 | object file formats, no additional information is printed. |
| 516 | .IP "\fB\-P\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4 |
| 517 | .IX Item "-P options" |
| 518 | .PD 0 |
| 519 | .IP "\fB\-\-private=\fR\fIoptions\fR" 4 |
| 520 | .IX Item "--private=options" |
| 521 | .PD |
| 522 | Print information that is specific to the object file format. The |
| 523 | argument \fIoptions\fR is a comma separated list that depends on the |
| 524 | format (the lists of options is displayed with the help). |
| 525 | .Sp |
| 526 | For \s-1XCOFF\s0, the available options are: \fBheader\fR, \fBaout\fR, |
| 527 | \&\fBsections\fR, \fBsyms\fR, \fBrelocs\fR, \fBlineno\fR, |
| 528 | \&\fBloader\fR, \fBexcept\fR, \fBtypchk\fR, \fBtraceback\fR |
| 529 | and \fBtoc\fR. |
| 530 | .IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4 |
| 531 | .IX Item "-r" |
| 532 | .PD 0 |
| 533 | .IP "\fB\-\-reloc\fR" 4 |
| 534 | .IX Item "--reloc" |
| 535 | .PD |
| 536 | Print the relocation entries of the file. If used with \fB\-d\fR or |
| 537 | \&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the |
| 538 | disassembly. |
| 539 | .IP "\fB\-R\fR" 4 |
| 540 | .IX Item "-R" |
| 541 | .PD 0 |
| 542 | .IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR" 4 |
| 543 | .IX Item "--dynamic-reloc" |
| 544 | .PD |
| 545 | Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file. This is only |
| 546 | meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared |
| 547 | libraries. As for \fB\-r\fR, if used with \fB\-d\fR or |
| 548 | \&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the |
| 549 | disassembly. |
| 550 | .IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4 |
| 551 | .IX Item "-s" |
| 552 | .PD 0 |
| 553 | .IP "\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR" 4 |
| 554 | .IX Item "--full-contents" |
| 555 | .PD |
| 556 | Display the full contents of any sections requested. By default all |
| 557 | non-empty sections are displayed. |
| 558 | .IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4 |
| 559 | .IX Item "-S" |
| 560 | .PD 0 |
| 561 | .IP "\fB\-\-source\fR" 4 |
| 562 | .IX Item "--source" |
| 563 | .PD |
| 564 | Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible. Implies |
| 565 | \&\fB\-d\fR. |
| 566 | .IP "\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR" 4 |
| 567 | .IX Item "--prefix=prefix" |
| 568 | Specify \fIprefix\fR to add to the absolute paths when used with |
| 569 | \&\fB\-S\fR. |
| 570 | .IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR" 4 |
| 571 | .IX Item "--prefix-strip=level" |
| 572 | Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the hardwired |
| 573 | absolute paths. It has no effect without \fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR. |
| 574 | .IP "\fB\-\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4 |
| 575 | .IX Item "--show-raw-insn" |
| 576 | When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as well as |
| 577 | in symbolic form. This is the default except when |
| 578 | \&\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used. |
| 579 | .IP "\fB\-\-no\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4 |
| 580 | .IX Item "--no-show-raw-insn" |
| 581 | When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction bytes. |
| 582 | This is the default when \fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used. |
| 583 | .IP "\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR" 4 |
| 584 | .IX Item "--insn-width=width" |
| 585 | Display \fIwidth\fR bytes on a single line when disassembling |
| 586 | instructions. |
| 587 | .IP "\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]\fR" 4 |
| 588 | .IX Item "-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]" |
| 589 | .PD 0 |
| 590 | .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]\fR" 4 |
| 591 | .IX Item "--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]" |
| 592 | .PD |
| 593 | Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are |
| 594 | present. If one of the optional letters or words follows the switch |
| 595 | then only data found in those specific sections will be dumped. |
| 596 | .Sp |
| 597 | Note that there is no single letter option to display the content of |
| 598 | trace sections or .gdb_index. |
| 599 | .Sp |
| 600 | Note: the output from the \fB=info\fR option can also be affected |
| 601 | by the options \fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR and \fB\-\-dwarf\-start\fR. |
| 602 | .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth=\fR\fIn\fR" 4 |
| 603 | .IX Item "--dwarf-depth=n" |
| 604 | Limit the dump of the \f(CW\*(C`.debug_info\*(C'\fR section to \fIn\fR children. |
| 605 | This is only useful with \fB\-\-dwarf=info\fR. The default is |
| 606 | to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for \fIn\fR will also have this |
| 607 | effect. |
| 608 | .Sp |
| 609 | With a non-zero value for \fIn\fR, DIEs at or deeper than \fIn\fR |
| 610 | levels will not be printed. The range for \fIn\fR is zero-based. |
| 611 | .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-start=\fR\fIn\fR" 4 |
| 612 | .IX Item "--dwarf-start=n" |
| 613 | Print only DIEs beginning with the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. This is only |
| 614 | useful with \fB\-\-dwarf=info\fR. |
| 615 | .Sp |
| 616 | If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header |
| 617 | information and all DIEs before the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. Only |
| 618 | siblings and children of the specified \s-1DIE\s0 will be printed. |
| 619 | .Sp |
| 620 | This can be used in conjunction with \fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR. |
| 621 | .IP "\fB\-G\fR" 4 |
| 622 | .IX Item "-G" |
| 623 | .PD 0 |
| 624 | .IP "\fB\-\-stabs\fR" 4 |
| 625 | .IX Item "--stabs" |
| 626 | .PD |
| 627 | Display the full contents of any sections requested. Display the |
| 628 | contents of the .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from an |
| 629 | \&\s-1ELF\s0 file. This is only useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) in which |
| 630 | \&\f(CW\*(C`.stab\*(C'\fR debugging symbol-table entries are carried in an \s-1ELF\s0 |
| 631 | section. In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table entries are |
| 632 | interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in the \fB\-\-syms\fR |
| 633 | output. |
| 634 | .IP "\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4 |
| 635 | .IX Item "--start-address=address" |
| 636 | Start displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output |
| 637 | of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options. |
| 638 | .IP "\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4 |
| 639 | .IX Item "--stop-address=address" |
| 640 | Stop displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output |
| 641 | of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options. |
| 642 | .IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4 |
| 643 | .IX Item "-t" |
| 644 | .PD 0 |
| 645 | .IP "\fB\-\-syms\fR" 4 |
| 646 | .IX Item "--syms" |
| 647 | .PD |
| 648 | Print the symbol table entries of the file. |
| 649 | This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR program, |
| 650 | although the display format is different. The format of the output |
| 651 | depends upon the format of the file being dumped, but there are two main |
| 652 | types. One looks like this: |
| 653 | .Sp |
| 654 | .Vb 2 |
| 655 | \& [ 4](sec 3)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss |
| 656 | \& [ 6](sec 1)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred |
| 657 | .Ve |
| 658 | .Sp |
| 659 | where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the entry |
| 660 | in the symbol table, the \fIsec\fR number is the section number, the |
| 661 | \&\fIfl\fR value are the symbol's flag bits, the \fIty\fR number is the |
| 662 | symbol's type, the \fIscl\fR number is the symbol's storage class and |
| 663 | the \fInx\fR value is the number of auxilary entries associated with |
| 664 | the symbol. The last two fields are the symbol's value and its name. |
| 665 | .Sp |
| 666 | The other common output format, usually seen with \s-1ELF\s0 based files, |
| 667 | looks like this: |
| 668 | .Sp |
| 669 | .Vb 2 |
| 670 | \& 00000000 l d .bss 00000000 .bss |
| 671 | \& 00000000 g .text 00000000 fred |
| 672 | .Ve |
| 673 | .Sp |
| 674 | Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes refered to as |
| 675 | its address). The next field is actually a set of characters and |
| 676 | spaces indicating the flag bits that are set on the symbol. These |
| 677 | characters are described below. Next is the section with which the |
| 678 | symbol is associated or \fI*ABS*\fR if the section is absolute (ie |
| 679 | not connected with any section), or \fI*UND*\fR if the section is |
| 680 | referenced in the file being dumped, but not defined there. |
| 681 | .Sp |
| 682 | After the section name comes another field, a number, which for common |
| 683 | symbols is the alignment and for other symbol is the size. Finally |
| 684 | the symbol's name is displayed. |
| 685 | .Sp |
| 686 | The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows: |
| 687 | .RS 4 |
| 688 | .ie n .IP """l""" 4 |
| 689 | .el .IP "\f(CWl\fR" 4 |
| 690 | .IX Item "l" |
| 691 | .PD 0 |
| 692 | .ie n .IP """g""" 4 |
| 693 | .el .IP "\f(CWg\fR" 4 |
| 694 | .IX Item "g" |
| 695 | .ie n .IP """u""" 4 |
| 696 | .el .IP "\f(CWu\fR" 4 |
| 697 | .IX Item "u" |
| 698 | .ie n .IP """!""" 4 |
| 699 | .el .IP "\f(CW!\fR" 4 |
| 700 | .IX Item "!" |
| 701 | .PD |
| 702 | The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u), neither |
| 703 | global nor local (a space) or both global and local (!). A |
| 704 | symbol can be neither local or global for a variety of reasons, e.g., |
| 705 | because it is used for debugging, but it is probably an indication of |
| 706 | a bug if it is ever both local and global. Unique global symbols are |
| 707 | a \s-1GNU\s0 extension to the standard set of \s-1ELF\s0 symbol bindings. For such |
| 708 | a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the entire process |
| 709 | there is just one symbol with this name and type in use. |
| 710 | .ie n .IP """w""" 4 |
| 711 | .el .IP "\f(CWw\fR" 4 |
| 712 | .IX Item "w" |
| 713 | The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space). |
| 714 | .ie n .IP """C""" 4 |
| 715 | .el .IP "\f(CWC\fR" 4 |
| 716 | .IX Item "C" |
| 717 | The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a space). |
| 718 | .ie n .IP """W""" 4 |
| 719 | .el .IP "\f(CWW\fR" 4 |
| 720 | .IX Item "W" |
| 721 | The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space). A warning |
| 722 | symbol's name is a message to be displayed if the symbol following the |
| 723 | warning symbol is ever referenced. |
| 724 | .ie n .IP """I""" 4 |
| 725 | .el .IP "\f(CWI\fR" 4 |
| 726 | .IX Item "I" |
| 727 | .PD 0 |
| 728 | .ie n .IP """i""" 4 |
| 729 | .el .IP "\f(CWi\fR" 4 |
| 730 | .IX Item "i" |
| 731 | .PD |
| 732 | The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a function |
| 733 | to be evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a normal symbol (a |
| 734 | space). |
| 735 | .ie n .IP """d""" 4 |
| 736 | .el .IP "\f(CWd\fR" 4 |
| 737 | .IX Item "d" |
| 738 | .PD 0 |
| 739 | .ie n .IP """D""" 4 |
| 740 | .el .IP "\f(CWD\fR" 4 |
| 741 | .IX Item "D" |
| 742 | .PD |
| 743 | The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D) or a |
| 744 | normal symbol (a space). |
| 745 | .ie n .IP """F""" 4 |
| 746 | .el .IP "\f(CWF\fR" 4 |
| 747 | .IX Item "F" |
| 748 | .PD 0 |
| 749 | .ie n .IP """f""" 4 |
| 750 | .el .IP "\f(CWf\fR" 4 |
| 751 | .IX Item "f" |
| 752 | .ie n .IP """O""" 4 |
| 753 | .el .IP "\f(CWO\fR" 4 |
| 754 | .IX Item "O" |
| 755 | .PD |
| 756 | The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an object |
| 757 | (O) or just a normal symbol (a space). |
| 758 | .RE |
| 759 | .RS 4 |
| 760 | .RE |
| 761 | .IP "\fB\-T\fR" 4 |
| 762 | .IX Item "-T" |
| 763 | .PD 0 |
| 764 | .IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR" 4 |
| 765 | .IX Item "--dynamic-syms" |
| 766 | .PD |
| 767 | Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file. This is only |
| 768 | meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared |
| 769 | libraries. This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR |
| 770 | program when given the \fB\-D\fR (\fB\-\-dynamic\fR) option. |
| 771 | .IP "\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR" 4 |
| 772 | .IX Item "--special-syms" |
| 773 | When displaying symbols include those which the target considers to be |
| 774 | special in some way and which would not normally be of interest to the |
| 775 | user. |
| 776 | .IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 |
| 777 | .IX Item "-V" |
| 778 | .PD 0 |
| 779 | .IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 |
| 780 | .IX Item "--version" |
| 781 | .PD |
| 782 | Print the version number of \fBobjdump\fR and exit. |
| 783 | .IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4 |
| 784 | .IX Item "-x" |
| 785 | .PD 0 |
| 786 | .IP "\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR" 4 |
| 787 | .IX Item "--all-headers" |
| 788 | .PD |
| 789 | Display all available header information, including the symbol table and |
| 790 | relocation entries. Using \fB\-x\fR is equivalent to specifying all of |
| 791 | \&\fB\-a \-f \-h \-p \-r \-t\fR. |
| 792 | .IP "\fB\-w\fR" 4 |
| 793 | .IX Item "-w" |
| 794 | .PD 0 |
| 795 | .IP "\fB\-\-wide\fR" 4 |
| 796 | .IX Item "--wide" |
| 797 | .PD |
| 798 | Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80 columns. |
| 799 | Also do not truncate symbol names when they are displayed. |
| 800 | .IP "\fB\-z\fR" 4 |
| 801 | .IX Item "-z" |
| 802 | .PD 0 |
| 803 | .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR" 4 |
| 804 | .IX Item "--disassemble-zeroes" |
| 805 | .PD |
| 806 | Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes. This |
| 807 | option directs the disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just like |
| 808 | any other data. |
| 809 | .IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 |
| 810 | .IX Item "@file" |
| 811 | Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are |
| 812 | inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR |
| 813 | does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated |
| 814 | literally, and not removed. |
| 815 | .Sp |
| 816 | Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace |
| 817 | character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire |
| 818 | option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a |
| 819 | backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included |
| 820 | with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional |
| 821 | @\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. |
| 822 | .SH "SEE ALSO" |
| 823 | .IX Header "SEE ALSO" |
| 824 | \&\fInm\fR\|(1), \fIreadelf\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. |
| 825 | .SH "COPYRIGHT" |
| 826 | .IX Header "COPYRIGHT" |
| 827 | Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, |
| 828 | 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 |
| 829 | Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| 830 | .PP |
| 831 | Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
| 832 | under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 |
| 833 | or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; |
| 834 | with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no |
| 835 | Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the |
| 836 | section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". |