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32 .\" @(#)netstat.1 8.8 (Berkeley) 4/18/94
33 .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/netstat/netstat.1,v 1.22.2.13 2003/05/03 22:10:02 keramida Exp $
34 .\" $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/netstat/netstat.1,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:29:30 dillon Exp $
41 .Nd show network status
45 command symbolically displays the contents of various network-related
47 There are a number of output formats,
48 depending on the options for the information presented.
49 .Bl -tag -width indent
54 .Op Fl f Ar protocol_family | Fl p Ar protocol
59 Display a list of active sockets
60 (protocol control blocks)
61 for each network protocol,
69 show the address of a protocol control block (PCB)
70 associated with a socket; used for debugging.
74 show the state of all sockets;
75 normally sockets used by server processes are not shown.
79 show the size of the various listen queues.
80 The first count shows the number of unaccepted connections,
81 the second count shows the amount of unaccepted incomplete connections,
82 and the third count is the maximum number of queued connections.
86 show network addresses as numbers (as with
88 but show ports symbolically.
92 .Fl i | I Ar interface
94 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
99 Show the state of all network interfaces or a single
101 which have been auto-configured
102 (interfaces statically configured into a system, but not
103 located at boot time are not shown).
106 after an interface name indicates that the interface is
110 is also present, multicast addresses currently in use are shown
111 for each Ethernet interface and for each IP interface address.
112 Multicast addresses are shown on separate lines following the interface
113 address with which they are associated.
116 is also present, show the number of bytes in and out.
119 is also present, show the number of dropped packets.
122 is also present, show the contents of watchdog timers.
127 .Op Fl I Ar interface
136 display the information regarding packet
137 traffic on all configured network interfaces
142 is also present, show the number of dropped packets.
148 .Op Fl f Ar protocol_family | Fl p Ar protocol
153 Display system-wide statistics for each network protocol,
155 .Ar protocol_family ,
160 is repeated, counters with a value of zero are suppressed.
163 is also present, reset statistic counters after displaying them.
167 .Fl i | I Ar interface Fl s
168 .Op Fl f Ar protocol_family | Fl p Ar protocol
173 Display per-interface statistics for each network protocol,
175 .Ar protocol_family ,
186 Show statistics recorded by the memory management routines
188 The network manages a private pool of memory buffers.
194 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
199 Display the contents of all routing tables,
200 or a routing table for a particular
205 show the contents of the internal Patricia tree
206 structures; used for debugging.
210 show protocol-cloned routes
211 (routes generated by an
214 normally these routes are not shown.
231 Display routing statistics.
234 is repeated, counters with a value of zero are suppressed.
240 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
245 Show information related to multicast (group address) routing.
246 By default, show the IP Multicast virtual-interface and routing tables.
252 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
257 Show multicast routing statistics.
260 is repeated, counters with a value of zero are suppressed.
263 Some options have the general meaning:
265 .It Fl f Ar address_family , Fl p Ar protocol
266 Limit display to those records
271 The following address families and protocols are recognized:
273 .Bl -tag -width ".Cm netgraph , ng Pq Dv AF_NETGRAPH" -compact
276 .It Cm inet Pq Dv AF_INET
277 .Cm bdg , divert , icmp , igmp , ip , ipsec , tcp , udp
278 .It Cm inet6 Pq Dv AF_INET6
279 .Cm bdg , icmp6 , ip6 , ipsec6 , rip6 , tcp , udp
280 .It Cm pfkey Pq Dv PF_KEY
282 .It Cm atalk Pq Dv AF_APPLETALK
284 .It Cm netgraph , ng Pq Dv AF_NETGRAPH
286 .It Cm ipx Pq Dv AF_IPX
288 .\".It Cm ns Pq Dv AF_NS
289 .\".Cm idp , ns_err , spp
290 .\".It Cm iso Pq Dv AF_ISO
291 .\".Cm clnp , cltp , esis , tp
292 .It Cm unix Pq Dv AF_UNIX
293 .It Cm link Pq Dv AF_LINK
296 The program will complain if
298 is unknown or if there is no statistics routine for it.
302 option is equivalent to
305 Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core
306 instead of the default
309 Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default,
310 which is the kernel image the system has booted from.
312 Show network addresses and ports as numbers.
315 attempts to resolve addresses and ports,
316 and display them symbolically.
318 In certain displays, avoid truncating addresses even if this causes
319 some fields to overflow.
322 The default display, for active sockets, shows the local
323 and remote addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), protocol,
324 and the internal state of the protocol.
325 Address formats are of the form
329 if a socket's address specifies a network but no specific host address.
330 When known, the host and network addresses are displayed symbolically
331 according to the databases
336 If a symbolic name for an address is unknown, or if
339 option is specified, the address is printed numerically, according
340 to the address family.
341 For more information regarding
349 addresses and ports appear as
352 The interface display provides a table of cumulative
353 statistics regarding packets transferred, errors, and collisions.
354 The network addresses of the interface
355 and the maximum transmission unit
359 The routing table display indicates the available routes and their status.
360 Each route consists of a destination host or network, and a gateway to use
361 in forwarding packets.
362 The flags field shows a collection of information about the route stored
364 The individual flags are discussed in more detail in the
369 The mapping between letters and flags is:
370 .Bl -column ".Li W" ".Dv RTF_WASCLONED"
371 .It Li 1 Ta Dv RTF_PROTO1 Ta "Protocol specific routing flag #1"
372 .It Li 2 Ta Dv RTF_PROTO2 Ta "Protocol specific routing flag #2"
373 .It Li 3 Ta Dv RTF_PROTO3 Ta "Protocol specific routing flag #3"
374 .It Li B Ta Dv RTF_BLACKHOLE Ta "Just discard pkts (during updates)"
375 .It Li b Ta Dv RTF_BROADCAST Ta "The route represents a broadcast address"
376 .It Li C Ta Dv RTF_CLONING Ta "Generate new routes on use"
377 .It Li c Ta Dv RTF_PRCLONING Ta "Protocol-specified generate new routes on use"
378 .It Li D Ta Dv RTF_DYNAMIC Ta "Created dynamically (by redirect)"
379 .It Li G Ta Dv RTF_GATEWAY Ta "Destination requires forwarding by intermediary"
380 .It Li H Ta Dv RTF_HOST Ta "Host entry (net otherwise)"
381 .It Li L Ta Dv RTF_LLINFO Ta "Valid protocol to link address translation"
382 .It Li M Ta Dv RTF_MODIFIED Ta "Modified dynamically (by redirect)"
383 .It Li R Ta Dv RTF_REJECT Ta "Host or net unreachable"
384 .It Li S Ta Dv RTF_STATIC Ta "Manually added"
385 .It Li U Ta Dv RTF_UP Ta "Route usable"
386 .It Li W Ta Dv RTF_WASCLONED Ta "Route was generated as a result of cloning"
387 .It Li X Ta Dv RTF_XRESOLVE Ta "External daemon translates proto to link address"
390 Direct routes are created for each
391 interface attached to the local host;
392 the gateway field for such entries shows the address of the outgoing interface.
393 The refcnt field gives the
394 current number of active uses of the route.
396 protocols normally hold on to a single route for the duration of
397 a connection while connectionless protocols obtain a route while sending
398 to the same destination.
399 The use field provides a count of the number of packets
400 sent using that route.
401 The interface entry indicates the network interface utilized for the route.
409 interval argument, it displays a running count of statistics related to
411 An obsolescent version of this option used a numeric parameter
412 with no option, and is currently supported for backward compatibility.
413 By default, this display summarizes information for all interfaces.
414 Information for a specific interface may be displayed with the
440 IPv6 support was added by WIDE/KAME project.
442 The notion of errors is ill-defined.
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