2 $DragonFly: doc/en/books/usersguide/backups/chapter.sgml,v 1.1 2004/05/05 18:38:57 justin Exp $
8 <firstname>Justin</firstname>
9 <surname>Sherrill</surname>
10 <contrib>Contributed by </contrib>
11 </author> <!-- justin@dragonflybsd.org 29 May 2004 -->
14 <title>Backups</title>
16 <sect1 id="backups-synopsis">
17 <title>Backups Overview</title>
18 <para>If you are looking to save a relatively small number of files,
21 <refentrytitle>tar</refentrytitle>
22 <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
23 </citerefentry> to concatenate multiple files into a single archive.
24 Optionally, then use a utility like
26 <refentrytitle>gzip</refentrytitle>
27 <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
28 </citerefentry> (compresses faster) or
30 <refentrytitle>bzip2</refentrytitle>
31 <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
32 </citerefentry> (compresses smaller) to save on disk space or bandwidth used.
33 Save the resulting file somewhere other than on the disk that contains the
34 original files.</para>
36 <para>This works for grouped, similar data like mail files, but will
37 not work on special files, or whole filesystems, or handle incremental
38 backups. For this, the tools
40 <refentrytitle>dump</refentrytitle>
41 <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
44 <refentrytitle>restore</refentrytitle>
45 <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
48 any eventuality. <command>dump()</command> will copy a complete filesystem to the location
49 specified; <command>restore()</command> will replace that filesystem into a completely
50 clean partition. It is possible to completely reformat a hard drive that
51 has been backed up with <command>dump()</command>, and then use
52 <command>restore()</command> to bring that drive
53 back completely to its original state.</para>
56 <sect1 id="backups-media">
57 <title>Backups Media</title>
58 <para>The "classical" method of data storage has always been tape drives.
59 A number of SCSI and IDE tape drives are supported under DragonFly; no
60 compatibility list exists at this point, though devices supported on
61 FreeBSD-4 should work. Tape backup has several advantages: it is stable,
62 relatively cheap, and can hold a large quantity of data. However, tape
63 media is accessed in linear fashion, and so it can take some time to
66 <para>More recently, recordable optical media have become a viable option for
67 backup media. The shelf life and price per megabyte of saved data is not
68 as great as tape (as of this writing), but the recording equipment is
69 relatively common for creating CDs, and becoming more so for DVDs.<!-- Check
70 the "Recording media" section (FIXME: insert link to desktop/recording media)
71 for more information on burning CDs and DVDs.--></para>
73 <para>A third media option is hard drives. While these are not as cheap as tape or
74 blank optical media, they offer the ability, when mounted, to instantly
75 access data, or to update existing records.</para>
77 <para>Whichever option is picked, the backup media, once filled, should be stored
78 in a location physically separated from the source data. Time invested in
79 backups is wasted if the backups can be lost in the same accident that
80 destroys the original data.</para>
83 <sect1 id="backups-automating">
84 <title>Automating backups</title>
85 <para>If you are performing relatively simple backups to a network location, it's
88 <refentrytitle>cron</refentrytitle>
89 <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
90 </citerefentry> to schedule regular backup events. For more
91 complex situtations, there are ports available such as
92 <filename role="package">misc/amanda</filename> or
93 <filename role="package">sysutils/bacula</filename>.</para>