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38 * @(#)kern_fork.c 8.6 (Berkeley) 4/8/94
39 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/kern_fork.c,v 1.72.2.14 2003/06/26 04:15:10 silby Exp $
40 * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/kern_fork.c,v 1.77 2008/05/18 20:02:02 nth Exp $
43 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/systm.h>
47 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
48 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
49 #include <sys/kernel.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
51 #include <sys/malloc.h>
53 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
54 #include <sys/vnode.h>
56 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
57 #include <sys/unistd.h>
64 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
65 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
67 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
68 #include <sys/refcount.h>
69 #include <sys/thread2.h>
70 #include <sys/signal2.h>
71 #include <sys/spinlock2.h>
73 #include <sys/dsched.h>
75 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_ATFORK, "atfork", "atfork callback");
78 * These are the stuctures used to create a callout list for things to do
79 * when forking a process
83 TAILQ_ENTRY(forklist) next;
86 TAILQ_HEAD(forklist_head, forklist);
87 static struct forklist_head fork_list = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(fork_list);
89 static struct lwp *lwp_fork(struct lwp *, struct proc *, int flags);
91 int forksleep; /* Place for fork1() to sleep on. */
94 * Red-Black tree support for LWPs
98 rb_lwp_compare(struct lwp *lp1, struct lwp *lp2)
100 if (lp1->lwp_tid < lp2->lwp_tid)
102 if (lp1->lwp_tid > lp2->lwp_tid)
107 RB_GENERATE2(lwp_rb_tree, lwp, u.lwp_rbnode, rb_lwp_compare, lwpid_t, lwp_tid);
115 sys_fork(struct fork_args *uap)
117 struct lwp *lp = curthread->td_lwp;
121 error = fork1(lp, RFFDG | RFPROC | RFPGLOCK, &p2);
123 start_forked_proc(lp, p2);
124 uap->sysmsg_fds[0] = p2->p_pid;
125 uap->sysmsg_fds[1] = 0;
134 sys_vfork(struct vfork_args *uap)
136 struct lwp *lp = curthread->td_lwp;
140 error = fork1(lp, RFFDG | RFPROC | RFPPWAIT | RFMEM | RFPGLOCK, &p2);
142 start_forked_proc(lp, p2);
143 uap->sysmsg_fds[0] = p2->p_pid;
144 uap->sysmsg_fds[1] = 0;
150 * Handle rforks. An rfork may (1) operate on the current process without
151 * creating a new, (2) create a new process that shared the current process's
152 * vmspace, signals, and/or descriptors, or (3) create a new process that does
153 * not share these things (normal fork).
155 * Note that we only call start_forked_proc() if a new process is actually
158 * rfork { int flags }
163 sys_rfork(struct rfork_args *uap)
165 struct lwp *lp = curthread->td_lwp;
169 if ((uap->flags & RFKERNELONLY) != 0)
172 error = fork1(lp, uap->flags | RFPGLOCK, &p2);
175 start_forked_proc(lp, p2);
176 uap->sysmsg_fds[0] = p2 ? p2->p_pid : 0;
177 uap->sysmsg_fds[1] = 0;
186 sys_lwp_create(struct lwp_create_args *uap)
188 struct proc *p = curproc;
190 struct lwp_params params;
193 error = copyin(uap->params, ¶ms, sizeof(params));
197 lwkt_gettoken(&p->p_token);
198 plimit_lwp_fork(p); /* force exclusive access */
199 lp = lwp_fork(curthread->td_lwp, p, RFPROC);
200 error = cpu_prepare_lwp(lp, ¶ms);
201 if (params.tid1 != NULL &&
202 (error = copyout(&lp->lwp_tid, params.tid1, sizeof(lp->lwp_tid))))
204 if (params.tid2 != NULL &&
205 (error = copyout(&lp->lwp_tid, params.tid2, sizeof(lp->lwp_tid))))
209 * Now schedule the new lwp.
211 p->p_usched->resetpriority(lp);
213 lp->lwp_stat = LSRUN;
214 p->p_usched->setrunqueue(lp);
216 lwkt_reltoken(&p->p_token);
221 lwp_rb_tree_RB_REMOVE(&p->p_lwp_tree, lp);
223 /* lwp_dispose expects an exited lwp, and a held proc */
224 lp->lwp_flag |= LWP_WEXIT;
225 lp->lwp_thread->td_flags |= TDF_EXITING;
228 lwkt_reltoken(&p->p_token);
233 int nprocs = 1; /* process 0 */
236 fork1(struct lwp *lp1, int flags, struct proc **procp)
238 struct proc *p1 = lp1->lwp_proc;
239 struct proc *p2, *pptr;
244 static int curfail = 0;
245 static struct timeval lastfail;
247 struct filedesc_to_leader *fdtol;
249 if ((flags & (RFFDG|RFCFDG)) == (RFFDG|RFCFDG))
252 lwkt_gettoken(&p1->p_token);
256 * Here we don't create a new process, but we divorce
257 * certain parts of a process from itself.
259 if ((flags & RFPROC) == 0) {
261 * This kind of stunt does not work anymore if
262 * there are native threads (lwps) running
264 if (p1->p_nthreads != 1) {
269 vm_fork(p1, 0, flags);
272 * Close all file descriptors.
274 if (flags & RFCFDG) {
275 struct filedesc *fdtmp;
281 * Unshare file descriptors (from parent.)
284 if (p1->p_fd->fd_refcnt > 1) {
285 struct filedesc *newfd;
296 * Interlock against process group signal delivery. If signals
297 * are pending after the interlock is obtained we have to restart
298 * the system call to process the signals. If we don't the child
299 * can miss a pgsignal (such as ^C) sent during the fork.
301 * We can't use CURSIG() here because it will process any STOPs
302 * and cause the process group lock to be held indefinitely. If
303 * a STOP occurs, the fork will be restarted after the CONT.
306 if ((flags & RFPGLOCK) && (plkgrp = p1->p_pgrp) != NULL) {
308 lockmgr(&plkgrp->pg_lock, LK_SHARED);
309 if (CURSIG_NOBLOCK(lp1)) {
316 * Although process entries are dynamically created, we still keep
317 * a global limit on the maximum number we will create. Don't allow
318 * a nonprivileged user to use the last ten processes; don't let root
319 * exceed the limit. The variable nprocs is the current number of
320 * processes, maxproc is the limit.
322 uid = lp1->lwp_thread->td_ucred->cr_ruid;
323 if ((nprocs >= maxproc - 10 && uid != 0) || nprocs >= maxproc) {
324 if (ppsratecheck(&lastfail, &curfail, 1))
325 kprintf("maxproc limit exceeded by uid %d, please "
326 "see tuning(7) and login.conf(5).\n", uid);
327 tsleep(&forksleep, 0, "fork", hz / 2);
332 * Increment the nprocs resource before blocking can occur. There
333 * are hard-limits as to the number of processes that can run.
338 * Increment the count of procs running with this uid. Don't allow
339 * a nonprivileged user to exceed their current limit.
341 ok = chgproccnt(lp1->lwp_thread->td_ucred->cr_ruidinfo, 1,
342 (uid != 0) ? p1->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur : 0);
345 * Back out the process count
348 if (ppsratecheck(&lastfail, &curfail, 1))
349 kprintf("maxproc limit exceeded by uid %d, please "
350 "see tuning(7) and login.conf(5).\n", uid);
351 tsleep(&forksleep, 0, "fork", hz / 2);
356 /* Allocate new proc. */
357 p2 = kmalloc(sizeof(struct proc), M_PROC, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
360 * Setup linkage for kernel based threading XXX lwp
362 if (flags & RFTHREAD) {
363 p2->p_peers = p1->p_peers;
365 p2->p_leader = p1->p_leader;
370 RB_INIT(&p2->p_lwp_tree);
371 spin_init(&p2->p_spin);
372 lwkt_token_init(&p2->p_token, "iproc");
373 p2->p_lasttid = -1; /* first tid will be 0 */
376 * Setting the state to SIDL protects the partially initialized
377 * process once it starts getting hooked into the rest of the system.
380 proc_add_allproc(p2);
383 * Make a proc table entry for the new process.
384 * The whole structure was zeroed above, so copy the section that is
385 * copied directly from the parent.
387 bcopy(&p1->p_startcopy, &p2->p_startcopy,
388 (unsigned) ((caddr_t)&p2->p_endcopy - (caddr_t)&p2->p_startcopy));
391 * Duplicate sub-structures as needed. Increase reference counts
394 * NOTE: because we are now on the allproc list it is possible for
395 * other consumers to gain temporary references to p2
396 * (p2->p_lock can change).
398 if (p1->p_flag & P_PROFIL)
400 p2->p_ucred = crhold(lp1->lwp_thread->td_ucred);
402 if (jailed(p2->p_ucred))
403 p2->p_flag |= P_JAILED;
406 refcount_acquire(&p2->p_args->ar_ref);
408 p2->p_usched = p1->p_usched;
409 /* XXX: verify copy of the secondary iosched stuff */
412 if (flags & RFSIGSHARE) {
413 p2->p_sigacts = p1->p_sigacts;
414 p2->p_sigacts->ps_refcnt++;
416 p2->p_sigacts = (struct sigacts *)kmalloc(sizeof(*p2->p_sigacts),
417 M_SUBPROC, M_WAITOK);
418 bcopy(p1->p_sigacts, p2->p_sigacts, sizeof(*p2->p_sigacts));
419 p2->p_sigacts->ps_refcnt = 1;
421 if (flags & RFLINUXTHPN)
422 p2->p_sigparent = SIGUSR1;
424 p2->p_sigparent = SIGCHLD;
426 /* bump references to the text vnode (for procfs) */
427 p2->p_textvp = p1->p_textvp;
431 /* copy namecache handle to the text file */
432 if (p1->p_textnch.mount)
433 cache_copy(&p1->p_textnch, &p2->p_textnch);
436 * Handle file descriptors
438 if (flags & RFCFDG) {
439 p2->p_fd = fdinit(p1);
441 } else if (flags & RFFDG) {
442 p2->p_fd = fdcopy(p1);
445 p2->p_fd = fdshare(p1);
446 if (p1->p_fdtol == NULL) {
447 lwkt_gettoken(&p1->p_token);
449 filedesc_to_leader_alloc(NULL,
451 lwkt_reltoken(&p1->p_token);
453 if ((flags & RFTHREAD) != 0) {
455 * Shared file descriptor table and
456 * shared process leaders.
459 fdtol->fdl_refcount++;
462 * Shared file descriptor table, and
463 * different process leaders
465 fdtol = filedesc_to_leader_alloc(p1->p_fdtol, p2);
469 p2->p_limit = plimit_fork(p1);
472 * Preserve some more flags in subprocess. P_PROFIL has already
475 p2->p_flag |= p1->p_flag & P_SUGID;
476 if (p1->p_session->s_ttyvp != NULL && p1->p_flag & P_CONTROLT)
477 p2->p_flag |= P_CONTROLT;
478 if (flags & RFPPWAIT)
479 p2->p_flag |= P_PPWAIT;
482 * Inherit the virtual kernel structure (allows a virtual kernel
483 * to fork to simulate multiple cpus).
486 vkernel_inherit(p1, p2);
489 * Once we are on a pglist we may receive signals. XXX we might
490 * race a ^C being sent to the process group by not receiving it
491 * at all prior to this line.
494 lwkt_gettoken(&p1grp->pg_token);
495 LIST_INSERT_AFTER(p1, p2, p_pglist);
496 lwkt_reltoken(&p1grp->pg_token);
499 * Attach the new process to its parent.
501 * If RFNOWAIT is set, the newly created process becomes a child
502 * of init. This effectively disassociates the child from the
505 if (flags & RFNOWAIT)
510 LIST_INIT(&p2->p_children);
512 lwkt_gettoken(&pptr->p_token);
513 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pptr->p_children, p2, p_sibling);
514 lwkt_reltoken(&pptr->p_token);
516 varsymset_init(&p2->p_varsymset, &p1->p_varsymset);
517 callout_init(&p2->p_ithandle);
521 * Copy traceflag and tracefile if enabled. If not inherited,
522 * these were zeroed above but we still could have a trace race
523 * so make sure p2's p_tracenode is NULL.
525 if ((p1->p_traceflag & KTRFAC_INHERIT) && p2->p_tracenode == NULL) {
526 p2->p_traceflag = p1->p_traceflag;
527 p2->p_tracenode = ktrinherit(p1->p_tracenode);
532 * This begins the section where we must prevent the parent
533 * from being swapped.
535 * Gets PRELE'd in the caller in start_forked_proc().
539 vm_fork(p1, p2, flags);
542 * Create the first lwp associated with the new proc.
543 * It will return via a different execution path later, directly
544 * into userland, after it was put on the runq by
545 * start_forked_proc().
547 lwp_fork(lp1, p2, flags);
549 if (flags == (RFFDG | RFPROC | RFPGLOCK)) {
550 mycpu->gd_cnt.v_forks++;
551 mycpu->gd_cnt.v_forkpages += p2->p_vmspace->vm_dsize + p2->p_vmspace->vm_ssize;
552 } else if (flags == (RFFDG | RFPROC | RFPPWAIT | RFMEM | RFPGLOCK)) {
553 mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vforks++;
554 mycpu->gd_cnt.v_vforkpages += p2->p_vmspace->vm_dsize + p2->p_vmspace->vm_ssize;
555 } else if (p1 == &proc0) {
556 mycpu->gd_cnt.v_kthreads++;
557 mycpu->gd_cnt.v_kthreadpages += p2->p_vmspace->vm_dsize + p2->p_vmspace->vm_ssize;
559 mycpu->gd_cnt.v_rforks++;
560 mycpu->gd_cnt.v_rforkpages += p2->p_vmspace->vm_dsize + p2->p_vmspace->vm_ssize;
564 * Both processes are set up, now check if any loadable modules want
565 * to adjust anything.
566 * What if they have an error? XXX
568 TAILQ_FOREACH(ep, &fork_list, next) {
569 (*ep->function)(p1, p2, flags);
573 * Set the start time. Note that the process is not runnable. The
574 * caller is responsible for making it runnable.
576 microtime(&p2->p_start);
577 p2->p_acflag = AFORK;
580 * tell any interested parties about the new process
582 KNOTE(&p1->p_klist, NOTE_FORK | p2->p_pid);
585 * Return child proc pointer to parent.
590 lwkt_reltoken(&p1->p_token);
592 lockmgr(&plkgrp->pg_lock, LK_RELEASE);
599 lwp_fork(struct lwp *origlp, struct proc *destproc, int flags)
604 lp = kmalloc(sizeof(struct lwp), M_LWP, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
606 lp->lwp_proc = destproc;
607 lp->lwp_vmspace = destproc->p_vmspace;
608 lp->lwp_stat = LSRUN;
609 bcopy(&origlp->lwp_startcopy, &lp->lwp_startcopy,
610 (unsigned) ((caddr_t)&lp->lwp_endcopy -
611 (caddr_t)&lp->lwp_startcopy));
612 lp->lwp_flag |= origlp->lwp_flag & LWP_ALTSTACK;
614 * Set cpbase to the last timeout that occured (not the upcoming
617 * A critical section is required since a timer IPI can update
618 * scheduler specific data.
621 lp->lwp_cpbase = mycpu->gd_schedclock.time -
622 mycpu->gd_schedclock.periodic;
623 destproc->p_usched->heuristic_forking(origlp, lp);
625 lp->lwp_cpumask &= usched_mastermask;
628 * Assign a TID to the lp. Loop until the insert succeeds (returns
631 lp->lwp_tid = destproc->p_lasttid;
633 if (++lp->lwp_tid < 0)
635 } while (lwp_rb_tree_RB_INSERT(&destproc->p_lwp_tree, lp) != NULL);
636 destproc->p_lasttid = lp->lwp_tid;
637 destproc->p_nthreads++;
639 td = lwkt_alloc_thread(NULL, LWKT_THREAD_STACK, -1, 0);
641 td->td_proc = destproc;
643 td->td_switch = cpu_heavy_switch;
644 lwkt_setpri(td, TDPRI_KERN_USER);
645 lwkt_set_comm(td, "%s", destproc->p_comm);
648 * cpu_fork will copy and update the pcb, set up the kernel stack,
649 * and make the child ready to run.
651 cpu_fork(origlp, lp, flags);
652 caps_fork(origlp->lwp_thread, lp->lwp_thread);
653 kqueue_init(&lp->lwp_kqueue, destproc->p_fd);
659 * The next two functionms are general routines to handle adding/deleting
660 * items on the fork callout list.
663 * Take the arguments given and put them onto the fork callout list,
664 * However first make sure that it's not already there.
665 * Returns 0 on success or a standard error number.
668 at_fork(forklist_fn function)
673 /* let the programmer know if he's been stupid */
674 if (rm_at_fork(function)) {
675 kprintf("WARNING: fork callout entry (%p) already present\n",
679 ep = kmalloc(sizeof(*ep), M_ATFORK, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
680 ep->function = function;
681 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&fork_list, ep, next);
686 * Scan the exit callout list for the given item and remove it..
687 * Returns the number of items removed (0 or 1)
690 rm_at_fork(forklist_fn function)
694 TAILQ_FOREACH(ep, &fork_list, next) {
695 if (ep->function == function) {
696 TAILQ_REMOVE(&fork_list, ep, next);
705 * Add a forked process to the run queue after any remaining setup, such
706 * as setting the fork handler, has been completed.
709 start_forked_proc(struct lwp *lp1, struct proc *p2)
711 struct lwp *lp2 = ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(p2);
714 * Move from SIDL to RUN queue, and activate the process's thread.
715 * Activation of the thread effectively makes the process "a"
716 * current process, so we do not setrunqueue().
718 * YYY setrunqueue works here but we should clean up the trampoline
719 * code so we just schedule the LWKT thread and let the trampoline
720 * deal with the userland scheduler on return to userland.
722 KASSERT(p2->p_stat == SIDL,
723 ("cannot start forked process, bad status: %p", p2));
724 p2->p_usched->resetpriority(lp2);
726 p2->p_stat = SACTIVE;
727 lp2->lwp_stat = LSRUN;
728 p2->p_usched->setrunqueue(lp2);
732 * Now can be swapped.
734 PRELE(lp1->lwp_proc);
737 * Preserve synchronization semantics of vfork. If waiting for
738 * child to exec or exit, set P_PPWAIT on child, and sleep on our
739 * proc (in case of exit).
741 while (p2->p_flag & P_PPWAIT)
742 tsleep(lp1->lwp_proc, 0, "ppwait", 0);