usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  *
  33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  34  * @(#)vmstat.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
  36  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.10 2004/04/02 05:46:03 hmp Exp $
  37  */
  38
  39 #define _KERNEL_STRUCTURES
  40
  41 #include <sys/param.h>
  42 #include <sys/time.h>
  43 #include <sys/user.h>
  44 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
  45 #include <sys/uio.h>
  46 #include <sys/namei.h>
  47 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  48 #include <sys/signal.h>
  49 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  50 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  51 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  52 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  53
  54 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  55
  56 #include <ctype.h>
  57 #include <err.h>
  58 #include <errno.h>
  59 #include <kvm.h>
  60 #include <limits.h>
  61 #include <nlist.h>
  62 #include <paths.h>
  63 #include <stdio.h>
  64 #include <stdlib.h>
  65 #include <string.h>
  66 #include <sysexits.h>
  67 #include <time.h>
  68 #include <unistd.h>
  69 #include <devstat.h>
  70
  71 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  72 #define X_CPTIME        0
  73         { "_cp_time" },
  74 #define X_BOOTTIME      1
  75         { "_boottime" },
  76 #define X_HZ            2
  77         { "_hz" },
  78 #define X_STATHZ        3
  79         { "_stathz" },
  80 #define X_NCHSTATS      4
  81         { "_nchstats" },
  82 #define X_INTRNAMES     5
  83         { "_intrnames" },
  84 #define X_EINTRNAMES    6
  85         { "_eintrnames" },
  86 #define X_INTRCNT       7
  87         { "_intrcnt" },
  88 #define X_EINTRCNT      8
  89         { "_eintrcnt" },
  90 #define X_KMEMSTATISTICS        9
  91         { "_kmemstatistics" },
  92 #define X_ZLIST         10
  93         { "_zlist" },
  94 #ifdef notyet
  95 #define X_DEFICIT       11
  96         { "_deficit" },
  97 #define X_FORKSTAT      12
  98         { "_forkstat" },
  99 #define X_REC           13
 100         { "_rectime" },
 101 #define X_PGIN          14
 102         { "_pgintime" },
 103 #define X_XSTATS        15
 104         { "_xstats" },
 105 #define X_END           16
 106 #else
 107 #define X_END           11
 108 #endif
 109         { "" },
 110 };
 111
 112 struct statinfo cur, last;
 113 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
 114 long generation;
 115 struct device_selection *dev_select;
 116 int num_selected;
 117 struct devstat_match *matches;
 118 int num_matches = 0;
 119 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
 120 long select_generation;
 121 char **specified_devices;
 122 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
 123
 124 struct  vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
 125 struct  vmstats vms, ovms;
 126
 127 int     winlines = 20;
 128 int     nflag = 0;
 129
 130 kvm_t *kd;
 131
 132 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 133 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 134 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 135 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 136 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 137 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 138 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 139
 140 void    cpustats(), dointr(), domem(), dosum(), dozmem();
 141 void    dovmstat(), kread(), usage();
 142 #ifdef notyet
 143 void    dotimes(), doforkst();
 144 #endif
 145 void printhdr(void);
 146 static void devstats();
 147
 148 int
 149 main(register int argc, register char **argv)
 150 {
 151         register int c, todo;
 152         u_int interval;
 153         int reps;
 154         char *memf, *nlistf;
 155         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 156
 157         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 158         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 159         maxshowdevs = 2;
 160         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stw:z")) != -1) {
 161                 switch (c) {
 162                 case 'c':
 163                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 164                         break;
 165                 case 'f':
 166 #ifdef notyet
 167                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 168 #else
 169                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
 170 #endif
 171                         break;
 172                 case 'i':
 173                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 174                         break;
 175                 case 'M':
 176                         memf = optarg;
 177                         break;
 178                 case 'm':
 179                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 180                         break;
 181                 case 'N':
 182                         nlistf = optarg;
 183                         break;
 184                 case 'n':
 185                         nflag = 1;
 186                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 187                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 188                                 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 189                                      maxshowdevs);
 190                         break;
 191                 case 'p':
 192                         if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 193                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 194                         break;
 195                 case 's':
 196                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 197                         break;
 198                 case 't':
 199 #ifdef notyet
 200                         todo |= TIMESTAT;
 201 #else
 202                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
 203 #endif
 204                         break;
 205                 case 'w':
 206                         interval = atoi(optarg);
 207                         break;
 208                 case 'z':
 209                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 210                         break;
 211                 case '?':
 212                 default:
 213                         usage();
 214                 }
 215         }
 216         argc -= optind;
 217         argv += optind;
 218
 219         if (todo == 0)
 220                 todo = VMSTAT;
 221
 222         /*
 223          * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
 224          * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
 225          */
 226         if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
 227                 setgid(getgid());
 228
 229         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 230         if (kd == 0)
 231                 errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 232
 233         if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 234                 if (c > 0) {
 235                         warnx("undefined symbols:");
 236                         for (c = 0;
 237                             c < sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]); c++)
 238                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 239                                         fprintf(stderr, " %s",
 240                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 241                         (void)fputc('\n', stderr);
 242                 } else
 243                         warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 244                 exit(1);
 245         }
 246
 247         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 248                 char **getdrivedata();
 249                 struct winsize winsize;
 250
 251                 /*
 252                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 253                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 254                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 255                  */
 256                 if (checkversion() < 0)
 257                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 258
 259
 260                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 261                 winsize.ws_row = 0;
 262                 (void) ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
 263                 if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
 264                         winlines = winsize.ws_row;
 265
 266         }
 267
 268 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 269 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 270         if (*argv) {
 271                 interval = atoi(*argv);
 272                 if (*++argv)
 273                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 274         }
 275 #endif
 276
 277         if (interval) {
 278                 if (!reps)
 279                         reps = -1;
 280         } else if (reps)
 281                 interval = 1;
 282
 283 #ifdef notyet
 284         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 285                 doforkst();
 286 #endif
 287         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 288                 domem();
 289         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 290                 dozmem();
 291         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 292                 dosum();
 293 #ifdef notyet
 294         if (todo & TIMESTAT)
 295                 dotimes();
 296 #endif
 297         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 298                 dointr();
 299         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 300                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 301         exit(0);
 302 }
 303
 304 char **
 305 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 306 {
 307         if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
 308                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 309
 310         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 311         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 312         bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 313         bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 314
 315         if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
 316                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 317
 318         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 319         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 320
 321         specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
 322         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 323                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 324                         break;
 325                 num_devices_specified++;
 326                 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
 327                                                      sizeof(char *) *
 328                                                      num_devices_specified);
 329                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 330         }
 331         dev_select = NULL;
 332
 333         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 334                         maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 335
 336         /*
 337          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 338          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 339          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 340          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 341          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 342          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 343          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 344          * those devices.
 345          */
 346         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 347                 if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 348                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 349
 350                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 351         } else
 352                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 353
 354         /*
 355          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 356          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 357          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 358          */
 359         if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 360                        &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 361                        num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 362                        num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 363                        maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 364                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 365
 366         return(argv);
 367 }
 368
 369 long
 370 getuptime(void)
 371 {
 372         static time_t now, boottime;
 373         time_t uptime;
 374
 375         if (boottime == 0)
 376                 kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
 377         (void)time(&now);
 378         uptime = now - boottime;
 379         if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
 380                 errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
 381         return(uptime);
 382 }
 383
 384 int     hz, hdrcnt;
 385
 386 void
 387 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
 388 {
 389         struct vmtotal total;
 390         time_t uptime, halfuptime;
 391         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 392         void needhdr();
 393         int vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 394         int vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 395         int vmt_size = sizeof(total);
 396
 397         uptime = getuptime();
 398         halfuptime = uptime / 2;
 399         (void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 400
 401         if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 && namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
 402                 kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
 403         if (!hz)
 404                 kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
 405
 406         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 407                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 408                         printhdr();
 409                 kread(X_CPTIME, cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
 410
 411                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 412                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 413                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 414                 last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
 415
 416                 /*
 417                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 418                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 419                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 420                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 421                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 422                  */
 423                 switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
 424                 case -1:
 425                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 426                         break;
 427                 case 1: {
 428                         int retval;
 429
 430                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 431                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 432
 433                         retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 434                                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 435                                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 436                                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 437                                             specified_devices,
 438                                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 439                                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 440                         switch (retval) {
 441                         case -1:
 442                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 443                                 break;
 444                         case 1:
 445                                 printhdr();
 446                                 break;
 447                         default:
 448                                 break;
 449                         }
 450                 }
 451                 default:
 452                         break;
 453                 }
 454
 455                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 456                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 457                         exit(1);
 458                 }
 459                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 460                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
 461                         exit(1);
 462                 }
 463                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
 464                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
 465                         exit(1);
 466                 }
 467                 (void)printf("%2d %1d %1d",
 468                     total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
 469 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * vms.v_page_size >> 10)
 470 #define rate(x) (((x) + halfuptime) / uptime)   /* round */
 471                 (void)printf(" %7ld %6ld ",
 472                     (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm), (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
 473                 (void)printf("%4lu ",
 474                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_vm_faults - ovmm.v_vm_faults));
 475                 (void)printf("%3lu ",
 476                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_reactivated - ovmm.v_reactivated));
 477                 (void)printf("%3lu ",
 478                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
 479                     (ovmm.v_swapin + ovmm.v_vnodein)));
 480                 (void)printf("%3lu ",
 481                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
 482                     (ovmm.v_swapout + ovmm.v_vnodeout)));
 483                 (void)printf("%3lu ",
 484                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree));
 485                 (void)printf("%3lu ",
 486                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_pdpages - ovmm.v_pdpages));
 487                 devstats();
 488                 (void)printf("%4lu %4lu %3lu ",
 489                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
 490                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_syscall - ovmm.v_syscall),
 491                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swtch - ovmm.v_swtch));
 492                 cpustats();
 493                 (void)printf("\n");
 494                 (void)fflush(stdout);
 495                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 496                         break;
 497                 ovmm = vmm;
 498                 uptime = interval;
 499                 /*
 500                  * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
 501                  * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per second).
 502                  */
 503                 if (interval != 1)
 504                         halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
 505                 else
 506                         halfuptime = 0;
 507                 (void)sleep(interval);
 508         }
 509 }
 510
 511 void
 512 printhdr(void)
 513 {
 514         int i, num_shown;
 515
 516         num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
 517         (void)printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
 518         if (num_shown > 1)
 519                 (void)printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
 520         else if (num_shown == 1)
 521                 (void)printf("disk");
 522         (void)printf("   faults      cpu\n");
 523         (void)printf(" r b w     avm    fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
 524         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 525                 if ((dev_select[i].selected)
 526                  && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 527                         (void)printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
 528                                      dev_select[i].device_name[1],
 529                                      dev_select[i].unit_number);
 530         (void)printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
 531         hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
 532 }
 533
 534 /*
 535  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 536  */
 537 void
 538 needhdr(void)
 539 {
 540
 541         hdrcnt = 1;
 542 }
 543
 544 long
 545 pct(long top, long bot)
 546 {
 547         long ans;
 548
 549         if (bot == 0)
 550                 return(0);
 551         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 552         return (ans);
 553 }
 554
 555 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 556
 557 void
 558 dosum(void)
 559 {
 560         struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
 561         int vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 562         int vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 563         int cpucnt;
 564         u_long nchtotal;
 565         size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
 566
 567         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 568                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 569                 exit(1);
 570         }
 571         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 572                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 573                 exit(1);
 574         }
 575         (void)printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
 576         (void)printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
 577         (void)printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
 578         (void)printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
 579         (void)printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
 580         (void)printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
 581         (void)printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
 582         (void)printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
 583         (void)printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
 584         (void)printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
 585         (void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
 586         (void)printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
 587         (void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
 588         (void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
 589         (void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
 590         (void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
 591         (void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
 592         (void)printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
 593         (void)printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
 594         (void)printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
 595         (void)printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
 596         (void)printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
 597         (void)printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
 598         (void)printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
 599         (void)printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
 600         (void)printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
 601         (void)printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
 602         (void)printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
 603         (void)printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
 604         (void)printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
 605         (void)printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
 606         (void)printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
 607         (void)printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
 608         (void)printf("%9u pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
 609         (void)printf("%9u pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
 610         (void)printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
 611         (void)printf("%9u pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
 612         (void)printf("%9u pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
 613         (void)printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
 614
 615         if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
 616                 perror("malloc");
 617                 exit(1);
 618         } else {
 619                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
 620                         perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
 621                         free(nch_tmp);
 622                         exit(1);
 623                 } else {
 624                         if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
 625                                 perror("realloc");
 626                                 exit(1);
 627                         }
 628                 }
 629         }
 630
 631         cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
 632         kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
 633
 634         nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
 635             nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
 636             nchstats.ncs_miss + nchstats.ncs_long;
 637         (void)printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
 638         (void)printf(
 639             "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
 640             "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
 641             PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
 642             PCT(nchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
 643         (void)printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
 644             PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
 645             PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
 646             PCT(nchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
 647         free(nch_tmp);
 648 }
 649
 650 #ifdef notyet
 651 void
 652 doforkst(void)
 653 {
 654         struct forkstat fks;
 655
 656         kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
 657         (void)printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 658             fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
 659         (void)printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 660             fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
 661 }
 662 #endif
 663
 664 static void
 665 devstats(void)
 666 {
 667         register int dn, state;
 668         long double transfers_per_second;
 669         long double busy_seconds;
 670         long tmp;
 671
 672         for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
 673                 tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
 674                 cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
 675                 last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
 676         }
 677
 678         busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
 679
 680         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
 681                 int di;
 682
 683                 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
 684                  || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
 685                         continue;
 686
 687                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
 688
 689                 if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
 690                                   &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
 691                                   NULL, NULL, NULL,
 692                                   NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
 693                                   NULL, NULL) != 0)
 694                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 695
 696                 printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
 697         }
 698 }
 699
 700 void
 701 cpustats(void)
 702 {
 703         register int state;
 704         double pct, total;
 705
 706         total = 0;
 707         for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
 708                 total += cur.cp_time[state];
 709         if (total)
 710                 pct = 100 / total;
 711         else
 712                 pct = 0;
 713         (void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] +
 714                                 cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * pct);
 715         (void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] +
 716                                 cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * pct);
 717         (void)printf("%2.0f", cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * pct);
 718 }
 719
 720 void
 721 dointr(void)
 722 {
 723         register u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
 724         register u_int64_t inttotal;
 725         register int nintr, inamlen;
 726         register char *intrname;
 727
 728         uptime = getuptime();
 729         nintr = namelist[X_EINTRCNT].n_value - namelist[X_INTRCNT].n_value;
 730         inamlen =
 731             namelist[X_EINTRNAMES].n_value - namelist[X_INTRNAMES].n_value;
 732         intrcnt = malloc((size_t)nintr);
 733         intrname = malloc((size_t)inamlen);
 734         if (intrcnt == NULL || intrname == NULL)
 735                 errx(1, "malloc");
 736         kread(X_INTRCNT, intrcnt, (size_t)nintr);
 737         kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrname, (size_t)inamlen);
 738         (void)printf("interrupt                   total       rate\n");
 739         inttotal = 0;
 740         nintr /= sizeof(long);
 741         while (--nintr >= 0) {
 742                 if (*intrcnt)
 743                         (void)printf("%-12s %20lu %10lu\n", intrname,
 744                             *intrcnt, *intrcnt / uptime);
 745                 intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
 746                 inttotal += *intrcnt++;
 747         }
 748         (void)printf("Total        %20llu %10llu\n", inttotal,
 749                         inttotal / (u_int64_t) uptime);
 750 }
 751
 752 #define MAX_KMSTATS     200
 753
 754 static
 755 long
 756 cpuagg(long *ary)
 757 {
 758     int i;
 759     long ttl;
 760
 761     for (i = ttl = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 762         ttl += ary[i];
 763     return(ttl);
 764 }
 765
 766 void
 767 domem(void)
 768 {
 769         register struct malloc_type *ks;
 770         register int i, j;
 771         int first, nkms;
 772         long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
 773         struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
 774         char buf[1024];
 775
 776         kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
 777         for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
 778                 if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
 779                     &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
 780                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
 781                 if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
 782                     (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
 783                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
 784                             (void *)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
 785                 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 786                 kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
 787                 kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
 788         }
 789         if (kmsp != NULL)
 790                 warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
 791
 792         (void)printf(
 793             "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
 794         (void)printf(
 795 "        Type  InUse MemUse HighUse  Limit Requests Limit Limit Size(s)\n");
 796         for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
 797                 if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
 798                         continue;
 799                 (void)printf("%13s%6ld%6ldK%7ldK%6ldK%9lld%5u%6u",
 800                     ks->ks_shortdesc,
 801                     cpuagg(ks->ks_inuse), (cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse) + 1023) / 1024,
 802                     (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
 803                     (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, ks->ks_calls,
 804                     ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
 805                 first = 1;
 806                 for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
 807                         if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
 808                                 continue;
 809                         if (first)
 810                                 printf("  ");
 811                         else
 812                                 printf(",");
 813                         if(j<1024)
 814                                 printf("%d",j);
 815                         else
 816                                 printf("%dK",j>>10);
 817                         first = 0;
 818                 }
 819                 printf("\n");
 820                 totuse += cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse);
 821                 totreq += ks->ks_calls;
 822         }
 823         (void)printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
 824         (void)printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
 825              (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
 826 }
 827
 828 void
 829 dozmem(void)
 830 {
 831         char *buf;
 832         size_t bufsize;
 833
 834         buf = NULL;
 835         bufsize = 1024;
 836         for (;;) {
 837                 if ((buf = realloc(buf, bufsize)) == NULL)
 838                         err(1, "realloc()");
 839                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.zone", buf, &bufsize, 0, NULL) == 0)
 840                         break;
 841                 if (errno != ENOMEM)
 842                         err(1, "sysctl()");
 843                 bufsize *= 2;
 844         }
 845         buf[bufsize] = '\0'; /* play it safe */
 846         (void)printf("%s\n\n", buf);
 847         free(buf);
 848 }
 849
 850 /*
 851  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
 852  */
 853 void
 854 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
 855 {
 856         char *sym;
 857
 858         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
 859                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
 860                 if (*sym == '_')
 861                         ++sym;
 862                 errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
 863         }
 864         if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != size) {
 865                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
 866                 if (*sym == '_')
 867                         ++sym;
 868                 errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
 869         }
 870 }
 871
 872 void
 873 usage(void)
 874 {
 875         (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
 876                 "usage: vmstat [-imsz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
 877                 "              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
 878         exit(1);
 879 }