5 This file is part of groff, the GNU roff type-setting system.
7 Copyright (C) 1989, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009
8 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
10 written by James Clark
12 modified by Werner Lemberg <wl@gnu.org>
13 Bernd Warken <bwarken@mayn.de>
15 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
16 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
17 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
18 Invariant Sections being this .ig-section and AUTHOR, with no
19 Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts.
21 A copy of the Free Documentation License is included as a file called
22 FDL in the main directory of the groff source package.
25 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
27 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
29 .TH @G@TROFF @MAN1EXT@ "@MDATE@" "Groff Version @VERSION@"
31 @g@troff \- the troff processor of the groff text formatting system
34 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
36 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
56 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
58 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
60 This manual page describes the GNU version of
62 It is part of the groff document formatting system.
64 It is functionally compatible with UNIX troff, but has many extensions,
66 .BR \%groff_diff (@MAN7EXT@).
67 Usually it should be invoked using the
69 command which will also run preprocessors and postprocessors in the
70 appropriate order and with the appropriate options.
73 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
75 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
76 It is possible to have whitespace between a command line option and
83 approximation of the typeset output.
87 Print a backtrace with each warning or error message.
89 This backtrace should help track down the cause of the error.
91 The line numbers given in the backtrace may not always be correct, for
93 idea of line numbers gets confused by
101 Disable color output (always disabled in compatibility mode).
105 Enable compatibility mode.
118 must be a one letter name.
122 Inhibit all error messages of
124 Note that this doesn't affect messages output to standard error by macro
135 as the default font family.
139 Search in directory (or directory path)
144 is the name of the device) and there for the
148 is scanned before all other font directories.
152 Read the standard input after all the named input files have been
157 This option may be used to add a directory to the search path for files
158 (both those on the command line and those named in
161 The search path is initialized with the current directory.
162 This option may be specified more than once; the directories are then
163 searched in the order specified (but before the current directory).
164 If you want to make the current directory be read before other directories,
167 at the appropriate place.
169 No directory search is performed for files with an absolute file name.
175 If it isn't found, try
179 It will be first searched for in directories given with the
181 command line option, then in directories given in the
183 environment variable, then in the current directory (only if in unsafe
184 mode), the home directory, @SYSTEMMACRODIR@, @LOCALMACRODIR@, and
189 Search directory (or directory path)
193 This is scanned before all other macro directories.
197 Number the first page
204 which is a comma-separated list of page ranges;
209 means print every page between
214 means print every page up to
217 means print every page from
220 will exit after printing the last page in the list.
233 must be a one character name;
235 can be any troff numeric expression.
246 Prepare output for device
248 rather than the default
251 .BR groff (@MAN1EXT@)
252 for a more detailed description.
258 This will enable the following requests:
265 For security reasons, these potentially dangerous requests are disabled
268 It will also add the current directory to the macro search path.
272 Print the version number.
278 Available warnings are described in the section
282 For example, to enable all warnings, use
299 Suppress formatted output.
302 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
304 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
306 The warnings that can be given by
308 are divided into the following categories.
310 The name associated with each warning is used by the
314 options; the number is used by the
318 register; it is always a power of 2 to allow bitwise composition.
325 Bit@Code@Warning@Bit@Code@Warning
328 1@2@number@11@2048@tab
329 2@4@break@12@4096@right-brace
330 3@8@delim@13@8192@missing
331 4@16@el@14@16384@input
332 5@32@scale@15@32768@escape
333 6@64@range@16@65536@space
334 7@128@syntax@17@131072@font
335 8@256@di@18@262144@ig
336 9@512@mac@19@524288@color
340 .nr x \w'\fBright-brace'+1n+\w'00000'u
345 In fill mode, lines which could not be broken so that their length was
346 less than the line length.
348 This is enabled by default.
352 Non-existent characters.
354 This is enabled by default.
358 Color related warnings.
362 Missing or mismatched closing delimiters.
370 without an argument when there is no current diversion.
376 request with no matching
382 Unrecognized escape sequences.
384 When an unrecognized escape sequence is encountered, the escape
385 character is ignored.
391 This is enabled by default.
395 Invalid escapes in text ignored with the
399 These are conditions that are errors when they do not occur in ignored
404 Invalid input characters.
408 Use of undefined strings, macros and diversions.
410 When an undefined string, macro or diversion is used, that string is
411 automatically defined as empty.
413 So, in most cases, at most one warning will be given for each name.
417 Requests that are missing non-optional arguments.
421 Invalid numeric expressions.
423 This is enabled by default.
427 Out of range arguments.
431 Use of undefined number registers.
433 When an undefined number register is used, that register is
434 automatically defined to have a value of\~0.
436 So, in most cases, at most one warning will be given for use of a
440 .BR right-brace "\t4096"
443 where a number was expected.
447 Meaningless scaling indicators.
451 Missing space between a request or macro and its argument.
453 This warning will be given when an undefined name longer than two
454 characters is encountered, and the first two characters of the name
457 The request or macro will not be invoked.
459 When this warning is given, no macro is automatically defined.
461 This is enabled by default.
463 This warning will never occur in compatibility mode.
467 Dubious syntax in numeric expressions.
471 Inappropriate use of a tab character.
472 Either use of a tab character where a number was expected, or use of tab
473 character in an unquoted macro argument.
476 There are also names that can be used to refer to groups of warnings:
485 It is intended that this covers all warnings that are useful with
486 traditional macro packages.
493 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
495 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
500 A colon separated list of directories in which to search for
503 will scan directories given in the
505 option before these, and in standard directories (current directory if
506 in unsafe mode, home directory,
507 .BR @SYSTEMMACRODIR@ ,
508 .BR @LOCALMACRODIR@ ,
520 A colon separated list of directories in which to search for the
524 will scan directories given in the
526 option before these, and in standard directories
527 .RB ( @LOCALFONTDIR@ ,
529 .BR @LEGACYFONTDIR@ )
533 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
535 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
538 .B @MACRODIR@/troffrc
539 Initialization file (called before any other macro package).
542 .B @MACRODIR@/troffrc-end
543 Initialization file (called after any other macro package).
546 .BI @MACRODIR@/ name .tmac
548 .BI @MACRODIR@/tmac. name
552 .BI @FONTDIR@/dev name /DESC
553 Device description file for device
557 .BI @FONTDIR@/dev name / F
567 are neither searched in the current nor in the home directory by
568 default for security reasons (even if the
574 command line option or the
576 environment variable to add these directories to the search path if
580 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
582 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
584 Copyright (C) 1989, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009
585 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
588 This document is distributed under the terms of the FDL (GNU Free
589 Documentation License) version 1.3 or later.
591 You should have received a copy of the FDL on your system, it is also
592 available on-line at the
593 .UR http://\:www.gnu.org/\:copyleft/\:fdl.html
596 This document was written by James Clark, with modifications from
606 This document is part of
608 the GNU roff distribution.
611 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
613 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
616 .BR groff (@MAN1EXT@)
617 The main program of the
619 system, a wrapper around
623 .BR groff (@MAN7EXT@)
626 language, including a short but complete reference of all predefined
627 requests, registers, and escapes of plain
629 From the command line, this is called by
636 .BR \%groff_diff (@MAN7EXT@)
637 The differences of the
643 Currently, this is the most actual document of the
653 systems, including pointers to further related documentation.
660 .BR info (@MAN1EXT@),
661 presents all groff documentation within a single document.
663 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------
665 .\" --------------------------------------------------------------------