usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  *
  33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  34  * @(#)vmstat.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
  36  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.23 2008/02/19 18:19:15 thomas Exp $
  37  */
  38
  39 #define _KERNEL_STRUCTURES
  40
  41 #include <sys/param.h>
  42 #include <sys/time.h>
  43 #include <sys/user.h>
  44 #include <sys/uio.h>
  45 #include <sys/namei.h>
  46 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  47 #include <sys/signal.h>
  48 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  49 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  51 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  52
  53 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  54
  55 #include <ctype.h>
  56 #include <err.h>
  57 #include <errno.h>
  58 #include <kinfo.h>
  59 #include <kvm.h>
  60 #include <limits.h>
  61 #include <nlist.h>
  62 #include <paths.h>
  63 #include <stdio.h>
  64 #include <stdlib.h>
  65 #include <string.h>
  66 #include <sysexits.h>
  67 #include <time.h>
  68 #include <unistd.h>
  69 #include <devstat.h>
  70
  71 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  72 #define X_BOOTTIME      0
  73         { "_boottime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  74 #define X_NCHSTATS      1
  75         { "_nchstats",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  76 #define X_KMEMSTATISTICS        2
  77         { "_kmemstatistics",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  78 #define X_ZLIST         3
  79         { "_zlist",     0, 0, 0, 0 },
  80 #ifdef notyet
  81 #define X_DEFICIT       4
  82         { "_deficit",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  83 #define X_FORKSTAT      5
  84         { "_forkstat",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  85 #define X_REC           6
  86         { "_rectime",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  87 #define X_PGIN          7
  88         { "_pgintime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  89 #define X_XSTATS        8
  90         { "_xstats",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  91 #define X_END           9
  92 #else
  93 #define X_END           4
  94 #endif
  95         { "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  96 };
  97
  98 struct statinfo cur, last;
  99 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
 100 long generation;
 101 struct device_selection *dev_select;
 102 int num_selected;
 103 struct devstat_match *matches;
 104 int num_matches = 0;
 105 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
 106 long select_generation;
 107 char **specified_devices;
 108 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
 109
 110 struct  vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
 111 struct  vmstats vms, ovms;
 112
 113 int     winlines = 20;
 114 int     nflag = 0;
 115 int     verbose = 0;
 116
 117 kvm_t *kd;
 118
 119 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
 120
 121 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 122 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 123 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 124 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 125 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 126 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 127 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 128
 129 static void cpustats(void);
 130 static void dointr(void);
 131 static void domem(void);
 132 static void dosum(void);
 133 static void dozmem(void);
 134 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
 135 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
 136 static void usage(void);
 137 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
 138 static long getuptime(void);
 139 static void needhdr(int);
 140 static long pct(long, long);
 141
 142 #ifdef notyet
 143 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
 144 static void doforkst(void);
 145 #endif
 146 static void printhdr(void);
 147 static void devstats(void);
 148
 149 int
 150 main(int argc, char **argv)
 151 {
 152         int c, todo;
 153         u_int interval;
 154         int reps;
 155         char *memf, *nlistf;
 156         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 157
 158         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 159         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 160         maxshowdevs = 2;
 161         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stvw:z")) != -1) {
 162                 switch (c) {
 163                 case 'c':
 164                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 165                         break;
 166                 case 'f':
 167 #ifdef notyet
 168                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 169 #else
 170                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
 171 #endif
 172                         break;
 173                 case 'i':
 174                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 175                         break;
 176                 case 'M':
 177                         memf = optarg;
 178                         break;
 179                 case 'm':
 180                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 181                         break;
 182                 case 'N':
 183                         nlistf = optarg;
 184                         break;
 185                 case 'n':
 186                         nflag = 1;
 187                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 188                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 189                                 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 190                                      maxshowdevs);
 191                         break;
 192                 case 'p':
 193                         if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 194                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 195                         break;
 196                 case 's':
 197                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 198                         break;
 199                 case 't':
 200 #ifdef notyet
 201                         todo |= TIMESTAT;
 202 #else
 203                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
 204 #endif
 205                         break;
 206                 case 'v':
 207                         ++verbose;
 208                         break;
 209                 case 'w':
 210                         interval = atoi(optarg);
 211                         break;
 212                 case 'z':
 213                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 214                         break;
 215                 default:
 216                         usage();
 217                 }
 218         }
 219         argc -= optind;
 220         argv += optind;
 221
 222         if (todo == 0)
 223                 todo = VMSTAT;
 224
 225         /*
 226          * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
 227          * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
 228          */
 229         if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
 230                 setgid(getgid());
 231
 232         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 233         if (kd == 0)
 234                 errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 235
 236         if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 237                 if (c > 0) {
 238                         warnx("undefined symbols:");
 239                         for (c = 0; c < (int)__arysize(namelist); c++)
 240                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 241                                         fprintf(stderr, " %s",
 242                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 243                         fputc('\n', stderr);
 244                 } else
 245                         warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 246                 exit(1);
 247         }
 248
 249         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 250                 struct winsize winsize;
 251
 252                 /*
 253                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 254                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 255                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 256                  */
 257                 if (checkversion() < 0)
 258                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 259
 260
 261                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 262                 winsize.ws_row = 0;
 263                 ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
 264                 if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
 265                         winlines = winsize.ws_row;
 266
 267         }
 268
 269 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 270 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 271         if (*argv) {
 272                 interval = atoi(*argv);
 273                 if (*++argv)
 274                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 275         }
 276 #endif
 277
 278         if (interval) {
 279                 if (!reps)
 280                         reps = -1;
 281         } else if (reps)
 282                 interval = 1;
 283
 284 #ifdef notyet
 285         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 286                 doforkst();
 287 #endif
 288         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 289                 domem();
 290         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 291                 dozmem();
 292         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 293                 dosum();
 294 #ifdef notyet
 295         if (todo & TIMESTAT)
 296                 dotimes();
 297 #endif
 298         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 299                 dointr();
 300         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 301                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 302         exit(0);
 303 }
 304
 305 static char **
 306 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 307 {
 308         if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
 309                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 310
 311         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 312         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 313         bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 314         bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 315
 316         if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
 317                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 318
 319         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 320         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 321
 322         specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
 323         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 324                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 325                         break;
 326                 num_devices_specified++;
 327                 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
 328                                                      sizeof(char *) *
 329                                                      num_devices_specified);
 330                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 331         }
 332         dev_select = NULL;
 333
 334         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 335                         maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 336
 337         /*
 338          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 339          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 340          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 341          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 342          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 343          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 344          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 345          * those devices.
 346          */
 347         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 348                 if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 349                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 350
 351                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 352         } else
 353                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 354
 355         /*
 356          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 357          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 358          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 359          */
 360         if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 361                        &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 362                        num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 363                        num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 364                        maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 365                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 366
 367         return(argv);
 368 }
 369
 370 static long
 371 getuptime(void)
 372 {
 373         static time_t now, boottime;
 374         time_t uptime;
 375
 376         if (boottime == 0)
 377                 kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
 378         time(&now);
 379         uptime = now - boottime;
 380         if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
 381                 errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
 382         return(uptime);
 383 }
 384
 385 int     hdrcnt;
 386
 387 static void
 388 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
 389 {
 390         struct vmtotal total;
 391         time_t uptime, halfuptime;
 392         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 393         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 394         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 395         size_t vmt_size = sizeof(total);
 396
 397         uptime = getuptime();
 398         halfuptime = uptime / 2;
 399         signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 400
 401         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 402                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 403                         printhdr();
 404                 if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
 405                         err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
 406
 407                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 408                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 409                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 410                 last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
 411
 412                 /*
 413                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 414                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 415                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 416                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 417                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 418                  */
 419                 switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
 420                 case -1:
 421                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 422                         break;
 423                 case 1: {
 424                         int retval;
 425
 426                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 427                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 428
 429                         retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 430                                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 431                                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 432                                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 433                                             specified_devices,
 434                                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 435                                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 436                         switch (retval) {
 437                         case -1:
 438                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 439                                 break;
 440                         case 1:
 441                                 printhdr();
 442                                 break;
 443                         default:
 444                                 break;
 445                         }
 446                 }
 447                 default:
 448                         break;
 449                 }
 450
 451                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 452                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 453                         exit(1);
 454                 }
 455                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 456                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
 457                         exit(1);
 458                 }
 459                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
 460                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
 461                         exit(1);
 462                 }
 463                 printf("%2d %1d %1d",
 464                     total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
 465 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * vms.v_page_size >> 10)
 466 #define rate(x) (((x) + halfuptime) / uptime)   /* round */
 467                 printf(" %7ld %6ld ",
 468                     (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm), (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
 469                 printf("%4lu ",
 470                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_vm_faults - ovmm.v_vm_faults));
 471                 printf("%3lu ",
 472                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_reactivated - ovmm.v_reactivated));
 473                 printf("%3lu ",
 474                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
 475                     (ovmm.v_swapin + ovmm.v_vnodein)));
 476                 printf("%3lu ",
 477                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
 478                     (ovmm.v_swapout + ovmm.v_vnodeout)));
 479                 printf("%3lu ",
 480                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree));
 481                 printf("%3lu ",
 482                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_pdpages - ovmm.v_pdpages));
 483                 devstats();
 484                 printf("%4lu %4lu %3lu ",
 485                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
 486                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_syscall - ovmm.v_syscall),
 487                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swtch - ovmm.v_swtch));
 488                 cpustats();
 489                 printf("\n");
 490                 fflush(stdout);
 491                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 492                         break;
 493                 ovmm = vmm;
 494                 uptime = interval;
 495                 /*
 496                  * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
 497                  * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per second).
 498                  */
 499                 if (interval != 1)
 500                         halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
 501                 else
 502                         halfuptime = 0;
 503                 sleep(interval);
 504         }
 505 }
 506
 507 static void
 508 printhdr(void)
 509 {
 510         int i, num_shown;
 511
 512         num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
 513         printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
 514         if (num_shown > 1)
 515                 printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
 516         else if (num_shown == 1)
 517                 printf("disk");
 518         printf("   faults      cpu\n");
 519         printf(" r b w     avm    fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
 520         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 521                 if ((dev_select[i].selected)
 522                  && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 523                         printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
 524                                      dev_select[i].device_name[1],
 525                                      dev_select[i].unit_number);
 526         printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
 527         hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
 528 }
 529
 530 /*
 531  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 532  */
 533 static void
 534 needhdr(__unused int signo)
 535 {
 536
 537         hdrcnt = 1;
 538 }
 539
 540 static long
 541 pct(long top, long bot)
 542 {
 543         long ans;
 544
 545         if (bot == 0)
 546                 return(0);
 547         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 548         return (ans);
 549 }
 550
 551 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 552
 553 static void
 554 dosum(void)
 555 {
 556         struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
 557         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 558         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 559         int cpucnt;
 560         u_long nchtotal;
 561         size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
 562
 563         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 564                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 565                 exit(1);
 566         }
 567         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 568                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 569                 exit(1);
 570         }
 571         printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
 572         printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
 573         printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
 574         printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
 575         printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
 576         printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
 577         printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
 578         printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
 579         printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
 580         printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
 581         printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
 582         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
 583         printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
 584         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
 585         printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
 586         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
 587         printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
 588         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
 589         printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
 590         printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
 591         printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
 592         printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
 593         printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
 594         printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
 595         printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
 596         printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
 597         printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
 598         printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
 599         printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
 600         printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
 601         printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
 602         printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
 603         printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
 604         printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
 605         printf("%9u pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
 606         printf("%9u pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
 607         printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
 608         printf("%9u pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
 609         printf("%9u pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
 610         printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
 611
 612         if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
 613                 perror("malloc");
 614                 exit(1);
 615         } else {
 616                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
 617                         perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
 618                         free(nch_tmp);
 619                         exit(1);
 620                 } else {
 621                         if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
 622                                 perror("realloc");
 623                                 exit(1);
 624                         }
 625                 }
 626         }
 627
 628         cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
 629         kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
 630
 631         nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
 632             nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
 633             nchstats.ncs_miss + nchstats.ncs_long;
 634         printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
 635         printf(
 636             "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
 637             "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
 638             PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
 639             PCT(nchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
 640         printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
 641             PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
 642             PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
 643             PCT(nchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
 644         free(nch_tmp);
 645 }
 646
 647 #ifdef notyet
 648 void
 649 doforkst(void)
 650 {
 651         struct forkstat fks;
 652
 653         kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
 654         printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 655             fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
 656         printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 657             fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
 658 }
 659 #endif
 660
 661 static void
 662 devstats(void)
 663 {
 664         int dn;
 665         long double transfers_per_second;
 666         long double busy_seconds;
 667
 668         diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
 669         diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
 670         diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
 671         diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
 672         diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
 673         old_cp_time = cp_time;
 674
 675         busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
 676
 677         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
 678                 int di;
 679
 680                 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
 681                  || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
 682                         continue;
 683
 684                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
 685
 686                 if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
 687                                   &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
 688                                   NULL, NULL, NULL,
 689                                   NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
 690                                   NULL, NULL) != 0)
 691                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 692
 693                 printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
 694         }
 695 }
 696
 697 static void
 698 cpustats(void)
 699 {
 700         uint64_t total;
 701         double totusage;
 702
 703         total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
 704             diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
 705
 706         if (total)
 707                 totusage = 100.0 / total;
 708         else
 709                 totusage = 0;
 710         printf("%2.0f ",
 711                (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
 712         printf("%2.0f ",
 713                (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
 714         printf("%2.0f",
 715                diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
 716 }
 717
 718 static void
 719 dointr(void)
 720 {
 721         u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
 722         u_int64_t inttotal;
 723         size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
 724         int nwidth;
 725         char *intrstr;
 726         char **intrname;
 727
 728         uptime = getuptime();
 729         if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
 730                 errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
 731         intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
 732         if (intrstr == NULL)
 733                 err(1, "malloc");
 734         sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
 735         for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
 736                 if (intrstr[i] == 0)
 737                         nintr++;
 738         }
 739         intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
 740         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 741                 intrname[i] = intrstr;
 742                 intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
 743         }
 744
 745         size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
 746         intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(*intrcnt));
 747         if (intrcnt == NULL)
 748                 err(1, "malloc");
 749         sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
 750
 751         nwidth = 21;
 752         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 753                 if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
 754                         nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
 755         }
 756         if (verbose) nwidth += 8;
 757
 758         printf("%-*.*s %11s %10s\n",
 759                 nwidth, nwidth, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
 760         inttotal = 0;
 761         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 762                 int named;
 763                 char *infop, irqinfo[72];
 764
 765                 if ((named = strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3)) != 0 ||
 766                     intrcnt[i] > 0) {
 767                         infop = intrname[i];
 768                         if (verbose && named) {
 769                                 snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 770                                          "irq%d: %s", i, intrname[i]);
 771                                 infop = irqinfo;
 772                         }
 773                         printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
 774                                 nwidth, nwidth, infop,
 775                                 intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
 776                 }
 777                 inttotal += intrcnt[i];
 778         }
 779         printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
 780                 nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
 781                 inttotal, inttotal / (u_int64_t) uptime);
 782 }
 783
 784 #define MAX_KMSTATS     200
 785
 786 static long
 787 cpuagg(long *ary)
 788 {
 789     int i;
 790     long ttl;
 791
 792     for (i = ttl = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 793         ttl += ary[i];
 794     return(ttl);
 795 }
 796
 797 static void
 798 domem(void)
 799 {
 800         struct malloc_type *ks;
 801         int i, j;
 802         int first, nkms;
 803         long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
 804         struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
 805         char buf[1024];
 806
 807         kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
 808         for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
 809                 if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
 810                     &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
 811                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
 812                 if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
 813                     (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
 814                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
 815                             kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
 816                 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 817                 kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
 818                 kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
 819         }
 820         if (kmsp != NULL)
 821                 warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
 822
 823         printf(
 824             "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
 825         printf(
 826 "              Type  InUse MemUse HighUse  Limit Requests  Limit Limit Size(s)\n");
 827         for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
 828                 if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
 829                         continue;
 830                 printf("%19s%6ld%6ldK%7ldK%7ldK%9lld%5u%6u",
 831                     ks->ks_shortdesc,
 832                     cpuagg(ks->ks_inuse), (cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse) + 1023) / 1024,
 833                     (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
 834                     (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, ks->ks_calls,
 835                     ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
 836                 first = 1;
 837                 for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
 838                         if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
 839                                 continue;
 840                         if (first)
 841                                 printf("  ");
 842                         else
 843                                 printf(",");
 844                         if(j<1024)
 845                                 printf("%d",j);
 846                         else
 847                                 printf("%dK",j>>10);
 848                         first = 0;
 849                 }
 850                 printf("\n");
 851                 totuse += cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse);
 852                 totreq += ks->ks_calls;
 853         }
 854         printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
 855         printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
 856              (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
 857 }
 858
 859 static void
 860 dozmem(void)
 861 {
 862         char *buf;
 863         size_t bufsize;
 864
 865         buf = NULL;
 866         bufsize = 1024;
 867         for (;;) {
 868                 if ((buf = realloc(buf, bufsize)) == NULL)
 869                         err(1, "realloc()");
 870                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.zone", buf, &bufsize, NULL, 0) == 0)
 871                         break;
 872                 if (errno != ENOMEM)
 873                         err(1, "sysctl()");
 874                 bufsize *= 2;
 875         }
 876         buf[bufsize] = '\0'; /* play it safe */
 877         printf("%s\n\n", buf);
 878         free(buf);
 879 }
 880
 881 /*
 882  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
 883  */
 884 static void
 885 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
 886 {
 887         const char *sym;
 888
 889         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
 890                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
 891                 if (*sym == '_')
 892                         ++sym;
 893                 errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
 894         }
 895         if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
 896                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
 897                 if (*sym == '_')
 898                         ++sym;
 899                 errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
 900         }
 901 }
 902
 903 static void
 904 usage(void)
 905 {
 906         fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
 907                 "usage: vmstat [-imsvz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
 908                 "              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
 909         exit(1);
 910 }