2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert
5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
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14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
22 * must display the following acknowledgement:
23 * This product includes software developed by the University of
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25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
42 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.134.2.8 2003/06/06 20:21:32 tegge Exp $
43 * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.87 2008/06/07 11:37:23 mneumann Exp $
46 #include "opt_init_path.h"
48 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
52 #include <sys/mount.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
56 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
57 #include <sys/systm.h>
58 #include <sys/vnode.h>
59 #include <sys/sysent.h>
60 #include <sys/reboot.h>
61 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
63 #include <sys/unistd.h>
64 #include <sys/malloc.h>
65 #include <sys/machintr.h>
67 #include <sys/file2.h>
68 #include <sys/thread2.h>
69 #include <sys/sysref2.h>
70 #include <sys/spinlock2.h>
71 #include <sys/mplock2.h>
73 #include <machine/cpu.h>
76 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
79 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
80 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
82 #include <sys/copyright.h>
84 int vfs_mountroot_devfs(void);
86 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
87 static struct session session0;
88 static struct pgrp pgrp0;
89 static struct sigacts sigacts0;
90 static struct filedesc filedesc0;
91 static struct plimit limit0;
92 static struct vmspace vmspace0;
93 struct proc *initproc;
96 struct thread thread0;
99 extern struct user *proc0paddr;
100 extern int fallback_elf_brand;
102 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */
103 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0, "");
106 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set
107 * symbol is not undefined. A subsystem ID of SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY is never
110 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL)
113 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run.
114 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit.
116 SET_DECLARE(sysinit_set, struct sysinit);
117 struct sysinit **sysinit, **sysinit_end;
118 struct sysinit **newsysinit, **newsysinit_end;
122 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if
123 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running.
126 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set, struct sysinit **set_end)
128 struct sysinit **newset;
129 struct sysinit **sipp;
130 struct sysinit **xipp;
133 count = set_end - set;
135 count += newsysinit_end - newsysinit;
137 count += sysinit_end - sysinit;
138 newset = kmalloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
141 for (sipp = newsysinit; sipp < newsysinit_end; sipp++)
144 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++)
147 for (sipp = set; sipp < set_end; sipp++)
150 kfree(newsysinit, M_TEMP);
152 newsysinit_end = newset + count;
156 * Callbacks from machine-dependant startup code (e.g. init386) to set
157 * up low level entities related to cpu #0's globaldata.
159 * Called from very low level boot code.
162 mi_proc0init(struct globaldata *gd, struct user *proc0paddr)
164 lwkt_init_thread(&thread0, proc0paddr, LWKT_THREAD_STACK, 0, gd);
165 lwkt_set_comm(&thread0, "thread0");
166 RB_INIT(&proc0.p_lwp_tree);
167 spin_init(&proc0.p_spin);
168 proc0.p_lasttid = 0; /* +1 = next TID */
169 lwp_rb_tree_RB_INSERT(&proc0.p_lwp_tree, &lwp0);
170 lwp0.lwp_thread = &thread0;
171 lwp0.lwp_proc = &proc0;
172 proc0.p_usched = usched_init();
173 lwp0.lwp_cpumask = 0xFFFFFFFF;
174 varsymset_init(&proc0.p_varsymset, NULL);
175 thread0.td_flags |= TDF_RUNNING;
176 thread0.td_proc = &proc0;
177 thread0.td_lwp = &lwp0;
178 thread0.td_switch = cpu_lwkt_switch;
179 lwkt_schedule_self(curthread);
183 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
184 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the
185 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
186 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
188 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require
189 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem
190 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object
191 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads".
196 struct sysinit *sip; /* system initialization*/
197 struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/
198 struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/
199 struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/
201 if (sysinit == NULL) {
202 sysinit = SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set);
203 #if defined(__amd64__) && defined(_KERNEL_VIRTUAL)
205 * XXX For whatever reason, on 64-bit vkernels
206 * the value of sysinit obtained from the
207 * linker set is wrong.
209 if ((long)sysinit % 8 != 0) {
210 kprintf("Fixing sysinit value...\n");
211 sysinit = (long)sysinit + 4;
214 sysinit_end = SET_LIMIT(sysinit_set);
216 #if defined(__amd64__) && defined(_KERNEL_VIRTUAL)
217 KKASSERT((long)sysinit % 8 == 0);
222 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by
223 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key).
225 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
226 for (xipp = sipp + 1; xipp < sysinit_end; xipp++) {
227 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem ||
228 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem &&
229 (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order))
238 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks.
239 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task.
241 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler,
242 * which will not return.
244 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
246 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY)
247 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/
249 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SPECIAL_DONE)
253 (*(sip->func))(sip->udata);
255 /* Check off the one we're just done */
256 sip->subsystem = SI_SPECIAL_DONE;
258 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */
259 if (newsysinit != NULL) {
260 if (sysinit != SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set))
261 kfree(sysinit, M_TEMP);
262 sysinit = newsysinit;
263 sysinit_end = newsysinit_end;
265 newsysinit_end = NULL;
270 panic("Shouldn't get here!");
276 ***************************************************************************
278 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet
281 ***************************************************************************
284 print_caddr_t(void *data __unused)
286 kprintf("%s", (char *)data);
288 SYSINIT(announce, SI_BOOT1_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright)
291 * Leave the critical section that protected us from spurious interrupts
292 * so device probes work.
295 leavecrit(void *dummy __unused)
297 MachIntrABI.finalize();
299 MachIntrABI.cleanup();
301 KKASSERT(!IN_CRITICAL_SECT(curthread));
304 kprintf("Leaving critical section, allowing interrupts\n");
306 SYSINIT(leavecrit, SI_BOOT2_LEAVE_CRIT, SI_ORDER_ANY, leavecrit, NULL)
309 * This is called after the threading system is up and running,
310 * including the softclock, clock interrupts, and SMP.
313 tsleepworks(void *dummy __unused)
315 tsleep_now_works = 1;
317 SYSINIT(tsleepworks, SI_BOOT2_FINISH_SMP, SI_ORDER_SECOND, tsleepworks, NULL)
320 * This is called after devices have configured. Tell the kernel we are
321 * no longer in cold boot.
324 endofcoldboot(void *dummy __unused)
328 SYSINIT(endofcoldboot, SI_SUB_ISWARM, SI_ORDER_ANY, endofcoldboot, NULL)
331 ***************************************************************************
333 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not
334 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of
335 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c
338 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they
339 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process).
341 ***************************************************************************
345 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused)
354 * Initialize process and pgrp structures.
359 * additional VM structures
364 * Create process 0 (the swapper).
366 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list);
368 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash);
369 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members);
370 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist);
372 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
373 session0.s_count = 1;
374 session0.s_leader = p;
376 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec;
378 p->p_flag = P_SYSTEM;
380 lp->lwp_stat = LSRUN;
382 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL;
383 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0;
384 lp->lwp_rtprio = p->p_rtprio;
389 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
390 bcopy("swapper", thread0.td_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
392 /* Create credentials. */
393 p->p_ucred = crget();
394 p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo = uifind(0);
395 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */
396 p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0);
397 thread0.td_ucred = crhold(p->p_ucred); /* bootstrap fork1() */
400 p->p_ucred->cr_prison = NULL;
402 /* Create sigacts. */
403 p->p_sigacts = &sigacts0;
404 p->p_sigacts->ps_refcnt = 1;
406 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
409 /* Create the file descriptor table. */
410 fdinit_bootstrap(p, &filedesc0, cmask);
412 /* Create the limits structures. */
413 plimit_init0(&limit0);
414 p->p_limit = &limit0;
416 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */
417 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
418 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0;
419 lp->lwp_vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
420 sysref_init(&vmspace0.vm_sysref, &vmspace_sysref_class);
421 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map,
422 round_page(VM_MIN_USER_ADDRESS),
423 trunc_page(VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS),
424 vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
425 sysref_activate(&vmspace0.vm_sysref);
427 kqueue_init(&lwp0.lwp_kqueue, &filedesc0);
430 * Charge root for one process.
432 (void)chgproccnt(p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo, 1, 0);
435 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_BOOT2_PROC0, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL)
437 static int proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused);
441 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused)
446 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the
447 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now.
449 allproc_scan(proc0_post_callback, NULL);
452 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump.
453 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ?
456 skrandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec);
460 proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused)
462 microtime(&p->p_start);
466 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_PROC0_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL)
469 ***************************************************************************
471 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the
472 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis.
474 ***************************************************************************
479 ***************************************************************************
481 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like
482 **** kern/init_init.c.
484 ***************************************************************************
488 * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
490 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] =
492 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH);
494 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak";
496 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, "");
499 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path.
500 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
502 * The MP lock is held on entry.
505 start_init(void *dummy, struct trapframe *frame)
508 struct execve_args args;
510 char *var, *path, *next, *s;
511 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1;
519 lp = ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(p);
521 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */
522 mp = mountlist_boot_getfirst();
523 if (VFS_ROOT(mp, &vp))
524 panic("cannot find root vnode");
525 if (mp->mnt_ncmountpt.ncp == NULL) {
526 cache_allocroot(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, mp, vp);
527 cache_unlock(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt); /* leave ref intact */
529 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = vp;
530 vref(p->p_fd->fd_cdir);
531 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = vp;
532 vref(p->p_fd->fd_rdir);
533 vfs_cache_setroot(vp, cache_hold(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt));
534 vn_unlock(vp); /* leave ref intact */
535 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_ncdir);
536 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_nrdir);
538 kprintf("Mounting devfs\n");
539 vfs_mountroot_devfs();
542 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
544 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE);
545 error = vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr,
546 PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE,
547 FALSE, VM_MAPTYPE_NORMAL,
548 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
551 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
552 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr;
553 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1;
555 if ((var = kgetenv("init_path")) != NULL) {
556 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path);
557 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0;
559 if ((var = kgetenv("kern.fallback_elf_brand")) != NULL)
560 fallback_elf_brand = strtol(var, NULL, 0);
562 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) {
567 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++)
570 kprintf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path),
574 * Move out the boot flag argument.
577 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
578 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */
579 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
580 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's');
584 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
585 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f');
591 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C');
595 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-');
596 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */
600 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
602 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0);
603 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--)
604 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s);
608 * Move out the arg pointers.
610 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1));
611 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */
612 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1);
613 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0);
616 * Point at the arguments.
623 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason
624 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
626 * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way
627 * to user mode as init!
629 * WARNING! We may have been moved to another cpu after
630 * acquiring the current user process designation. The
631 * MP lock will migrate with us though so we still have to
634 if ((error = sys_execve(&args)) == 0) {
636 lp->lwp_proc->p_usched->acquire_curproc(lp);
640 kprintf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path),
643 kprintf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path);
648 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space.
649 * We do this early to reserve pid 1.
651 * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet. Other work
652 * in progress will change this more.
655 create_init(const void *udata __unused)
661 error = fork1(&lwp0, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc);
663 panic("cannot fork init: %d", error);
664 initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM;
665 lp = ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(initproc);
666 cpu_set_fork_handler(lp, start_init, NULL);
669 SYSINIT(init, SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL)
672 * Make it runnable now.
675 kick_init(const void *udata __unused)
677 start_forked_proc(&lwp0, initproc);
679 SYSINIT(kickinit, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL)
682 * Machine independant globaldata initialization
684 * WARNING! Called from early boot, 'mycpu' may not work yet.
687 mi_gdinit(struct globaldata *gd, int cpuid)
689 TAILQ_INIT(&gd->gd_systimerq);
690 gd->gd_sysid_alloc = cpuid; /* prime low bits for cpu lookup */
691 gd->gd_cpuid = cpuid;
692 gd->gd_cpumask = (cpumask_t)1 << cpuid;
694 vm_map_entry_reserve_cpu_init(gd);