2 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15 * without specific prior written permission.
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
30 * @(#)ps.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94
31 * $FreeBSD: src/bin/ps/ps.c,v 1.30.2.6 2002/07/04 08:30:37 sobomax Exp $
35 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/queue.h>
38 #include <sys/resource.h>
40 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
41 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
42 #include <sys/mount.h>
61 #define SEP ", \t" /* username separators */
64 #define KHMASK (KHSIZE - 1)
68 struct varent *vhead, *vtail;
70 int eval; /* exit value */
73 int sumrusage; /* -S */
74 int termwidth; /* width of screen (0 == infinity) */
75 int totwidth; /* calculated width of requested variables */
76 int numcpus; /* hw.ncpu */
79 static int needuser, needcomm, needenv;
81 static int forceuread=0;
82 #define PS_ARGS "AaCcefgHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rRSTt:U:uvwx"
84 static int forceuread=1;
85 #define PS_ARGS "AaCcegHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rRSTt:U:uvwx"
88 enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT;
90 static const char *getfmt (char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int),
91 KINFO *, char *, int);
92 static char *kludge_oldps_options (char *);
93 static int pscomp (const void *, const void *);
94 static void dochain (KINFO **ksort, int *nentriesp, pid_t pid);
95 static void saveuser (KINFO *);
96 static void scanvars (void);
97 static void dynsizevars (KINFO *);
98 static void sizevars (void);
99 static int check_procfs(void);
100 static void usage (void);
101 static uid_t *getuids(const char *, int *);
103 struct timeval btime;
105 static char dfmt[] = "pid tt state time command";
106 static char jfmt[] = "user pid ppid pgid sess jobc state tt time command";
107 static char lfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri nice vsz rss wchan state tt time command";
108 static char o1[] = "pid";
109 static char o2[] = "tt state time command";
110 static char ufmt[] = "user pid %cpu %mem vsz rss tt state start time command";
111 static char vfmt[] = "pid state time sl re pagein vsz rss lim tsiz %cpu %mem command";
116 main(int argc, char **argv)
118 struct kinfo_proc *kp;
124 int all, ch, flag, i, fmt, ofmt, lineno, nentries, nocludge, dropgid;
125 int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg, uid, nuids;
127 char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
128 const char *cp, *nlistf, *memf;
129 size_t btime_size = sizeof(struct timeval);
130 size_t numcpus_size = sizeof(numcpus);
132 setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
134 if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
135 ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
136 ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) ||
140 termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
143 * Don't apply a kludge if the first argument is an option taking an
148 if (argv[1][0] == '-') {
149 for (cp = PS_ARGS; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
152 if (*(cp - 1) == argv[1][1]) {
159 argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]);
162 all = fmt = ofmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = showtid = 0;
169 memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
171 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PS_ARGS)) != -1) {
185 case 'e': /* XXX set ufmt */
191 showtid = KERN_PROC_FLAG_LWP;
194 prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22;
224 o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0';
233 if (getuid() == 0 || getgid() == 0)
251 if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL)
252 errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal");
256 char pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
259 if (strcmp(optarg, "co") == 0) {
260 ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE;
261 } else if (*optarg >= '0' && *optarg <= '9') {
262 snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf),
263 "%spts/%s", _PATH_DEV, optarg);
265 } else if (*optarg != '/') {
266 snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf),
267 "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, optarg);
272 if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1)
273 err(1, "%s", ttypath);
274 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
275 errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath);
280 uids = getuids(optarg, &nuids);
281 xflg++; /* XXX: intuitive? */
297 termwidth = UNLIMITED;
298 else if (termwidth < 131)
314 * If the user specified ps -e then they want a copy of the process
315 * environment kvm_getenvv(3) attempts to open /proc/<pid>/mem.
316 * Check to make sure that procfs is mounted on /proc, otherwise
317 * print a warning informing the user that output will be incomplete.
319 if (needenv == 1 && check_procfs() == 0)
320 warnx("Process environment requires procfs(5)");
322 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
323 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
332 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
333 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
340 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
342 errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
348 * Add TID to output format if requested unless user-specific format
351 if (showtid && !ofmt)
354 /* XXX - should be cleaner */
355 if (!all && ttydev == NODEV && pid == -1 && !nuids) {
356 if ((uids = malloc(sizeof (*uids))) == NULL)
357 errx(1, "malloc: %s", strerror(errno));
363 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed,
364 * and adjusting header widths as appropriate.
371 if (sysctlbyname("kern.boottime", &btime, &btime_size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
372 perror("sysctl: kern.boottime");
379 if (sysctlbyname("hw.ncpu", &numcpus, &numcpus_size, NULL, 0) < 0)
386 what = KERN_PROC_UID;
388 } else if (ttydev != NODEV) {
389 what = KERN_PROC_TTY;
391 } else if (pid != -1 && chainflg == 0) {
392 what = KERN_PROC_PID;
395 what = KERN_PROC_ALL;
403 if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries)) == NULL)
404 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
405 if ((KInfo = calloc(nentries, sizeof(KINFO))) == NULL)
407 if ((KSort = malloc(nentries * sizeof(KINFO *))) == NULL)
410 for (i = 0; i < nentries; ++i) {
411 KInfo[i].ki_proc = &kp[i];
412 KInfo[i].ki_indent = -1;
413 KInfo[i].ki_ctailp = &KInfo[i].ki_cbase;
416 dynsizevars(&KInfo[i]);
417 KSort[i] = &KInfo[i];
431 qsort(KSort, nentries, sizeof(KINFO *), pscomp);
434 * rejigger and indent children, parent(s) and children
435 * at each level retain the above sort characteristics.
438 dochain(KSort, &nentries, pid);
441 * for each proc, call each variable output function.
443 for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
444 if (xflg == 0 && (KI_PROC(KSort[i], tdev) == NODEV ||
445 (KI_PROC(KSort[i], flags) & P_CONTROLT ) == 0))
448 for (uid = 0; uid < nuids; uid++)
449 if (KI_PROC(KSort[i], uid) ==
455 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
456 (vent->var->oproc)(KSort[i], vent);
457 if (STAILQ_NEXT(vent, link) != NULL)
461 if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) {
473 getuids(const char *arg, int *nuids)
475 char name[MAXLOGNAME];
477 uid_t *uids, *moreuids;
485 for (; (l = strcspn(arg, SEP)) > 0; arg += l + strspn(arg + l, SEP)) {
486 if (l >= sizeof name) {
487 warnx("%.*s: name too long", (int)l, arg);
490 strncpy(name, arg, l);
492 if ((pwd = getpwnam(name)) == NULL) {
493 warnx("%s: no such user", name);
496 if (*nuids >= alloc) {
497 alloc = (alloc + 1) << 1;
498 moreuids = realloc(uids, alloc * sizeof (*uids));
499 if (moreuids == NULL) {
501 errx(1, "realloc: %s", strerror(errno));
505 uids[(*nuids)++] = pwd->pw_uid;
510 errx(1, "No users specified");
521 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
523 if (v->flag & DSIZ) {
524 vent->dwidth = vent->width;
535 dynsizevars(KINFO *ki)
541 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
543 if (!(v->flag & DSIZ))
548 if (vent->width > vent->dwidth)
549 vent->width = vent->dwidth;
559 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
560 i = strlen(vent->header);
563 totwidth += vent->width + 1; /* +1 for space */
569 getfmt(char **(*fn) (kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), KINFO *ki, char
575 fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_proc, termwidth), comm, maxlen)) == NULL)
584 * save arguments if needed
587 ki->ki_args = getfmt(kvm_getargv, ki, KI_PROC(ki, comm),
593 ki->ki_env = getfmt(kvm_getenvv, ki, NULL, 0);
600 pscomp(const void *arg_a, const void *arg_b)
602 const KINFO *a = *(KINFO * const *)arg_a;
603 const KINFO *b = *(KINFO * const *)arg_b;
608 #define VSIZE(k) (KI_PROC(k, vm_dsize) + KI_PROC(k, vm_ssize) + \
609 KI_PROC(k, vm_tsize))
612 if (sortby == SORTIAC)
613 return (KI_PROC(a)->p_usdata.bsd4.interactive - KI_PROC(b)->p_usdata.bsd4.interactive);
615 if (sortby == SORTCPU) {
616 di = getpcpu(b) - getpcpu(a);
623 if (sortby == SORTMEM) {
624 si = VSIZE(b) - VSIZE(a);
631 i = KI_PROC(a, tdev) - KI_PROC(b, tdev);
633 i = KI_PROC(a, pid) - KI_PROC(b, pid);
638 * Chain (-R) option. Sub-sorts by parent/child association.
640 static int dochain_final(KINFO **kfinal, KINFO *base, int j);
643 dochain (KINFO **ksort, int *nentriesp, pid_t pid)
645 int nentries = *nentriesp;
655 * First hash all the pids so we can quickly locate the
658 khash = calloc(KHSIZE, sizeof(KINFO *));
659 kfinal = calloc(nentries, sizeof(KINFO *));
661 for (i = 0; i < nentries; ++i) {
662 hi = KI_PROC(ksort[i], pid) & KHMASK;
664 ksort[i]->ki_hnext = khash[hi];
665 khash[hi] = ksort[i];
669 * Now run through the list and create the parent associations.
671 for (i = 0; i < nentries; ++i) {
672 ppid = KI_PROC(ksort[i], ppid);
674 if (ppid <= 0 || KI_PROC(ksort[i], pid) <= 0) {
677 for (scan = khash[ppid & KHMASK];
679 scan = scan->ki_hnext) {
680 if (ppid == KI_PROC(scan, pid))
685 ksort[i]->ki_parent = scan;
686 *scan->ki_ctailp = ksort[i];
687 scan->ki_ctailp = &ksort[i]->ki_cnext;
692 * Now regenerate the list starting at root entries, then copyback.
694 for (i = j = 0; i < nentries; ++i) {
695 if (pid != (pid_t)-1) {
696 if (KI_PROC(ksort[i], pid) == pid) {
697 ksort[i]->ki_indent = 0;
698 j = dochain_final(kfinal, ksort[i], j);
700 } else if (ksort[i]->ki_parent == NULL) {
701 ksort[i]->ki_indent = 0;
702 j = dochain_final(kfinal, ksort[i], j);
707 * There might be fewer entries if we restricted the chain to a
711 *nentriesp = nentries;
714 bcopy(kfinal, ksort, nentries * sizeof(kfinal[0]));
720 dochain_final(KINFO **kfinal, KINFO *base, int j)
725 for (scan = base->ki_cbase; scan; scan = scan->ki_cnext) {
729 if (scan->ki_indent >= 0)
731 scan->ki_indent = base->ki_indent + 1;
732 j = dochain_final(kfinal, scan, j);
738 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness
739 * here than taint the main code.
744 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users
745 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'. This same
746 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument.
749 kludge_oldps_options(char *s)
752 char *newopts, *ns, *cp;
755 if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 2)) == NULL)
758 * options begin with '-'
761 *ns++ = '-'; /* add option flag */
764 * gaze to end of argv[1]
769 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context
770 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' --
771 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)).
773 * However, if a flag accepting a string argument is found in the
774 * option string, the remainder of the string is the argument to
775 * that flag; do not modify that argument.
777 if (strcspn(s, "MNOoU") == len && *cp == 't' && *s != '-') {
781 * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a
784 while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp))
788 memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s)); /* copy up to trailing number */
791 * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or
792 * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag.
795 (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p')) &&
796 (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't')) {
799 strcpy(ns, cp); /* and append the number */
809 if (statfs("/proc", &mnt) < 0)
811 if (strcmp(mnt.f_fstypename, "procfs") != 0)
820 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n",
821 "usage: ps [-aCcefhHjlmrSTuvwx] [-M core] [-N system] [-O fmt] [-o fmt] [-p pid]",
822 " [-t tty] [-U username]",