2 # @(#)northamerica 8.40
3 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
6 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
8 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
9 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
10 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
12 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
13 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
14 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
16 ###############################################################################
20 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
21 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
22 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
23 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
24 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
25 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
26 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
27 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
28 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
29 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
31 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
32 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
33 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
35 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
36 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
37 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
38 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
39 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
40 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
42 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
43 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
44 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
45 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
46 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
48 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
49 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
50 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
51 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
52 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
53 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
54 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
55 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
56 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
57 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
59 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
60 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
62 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
63 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
64 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
65 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
67 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
68 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
69 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
70 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
72 # From Arthur David Olson:
73 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
74 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
75 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
77 # From Arthur David Olson:
78 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
79 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
81 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
82 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
83 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
84 # An AltaVista search turned up
85 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
86 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
87 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
88 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
90 # From Joseph Gallant citing
91 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
92 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
93 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
94 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
95 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
96 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
97 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
98 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
100 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
101 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
103 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
104 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
105 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
106 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
107 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
110 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
111 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
112 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
113 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
115 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
117 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
118 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
119 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
120 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
121 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
123 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
124 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
125 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
126 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
127 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
128 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
129 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
130 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
133 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
134 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
135 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
136 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
138 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
139 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
140 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
141 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
142 # this time zone package.
143 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
144 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
145 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
146 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
147 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
149 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
152 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
153 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
154 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
155 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
156 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
158 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
159 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
161 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
162 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
163 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
164 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
166 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
167 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
168 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
170 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
171 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
172 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
174 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
175 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
176 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
177 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
178 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
179 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
180 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
181 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
182 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
183 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
184 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
185 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
186 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
187 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
188 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
190 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
191 # The above dates are for 1988.
192 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
193 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
196 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
197 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
198 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
199 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
200 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
202 # United States standard eastern time
203 # United States standard mountain time
204 # United States standard central time
205 # United States standard Pacific time
207 # United States standard Alaska time
209 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
210 # public law 98-181):
211 # Atlantic standard time
212 # eastern standard time
213 # central standard time
214 # mountain standard time
215 # Pacific standard time
216 # Yukon standard time
217 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
218 # Bering standard time
219 # And after 1983-11-30:
220 # Atlantic standard time
221 # eastern standard time
222 # central standard time
223 # mountain standard time
224 # Pacific standard time
225 # Alaska standard time
226 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
227 # Samoa standard time
228 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
230 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
231 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
232 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
233 # See the file "australasia".
235 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
236 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
238 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
239 # (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
240 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
241 # (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
242 # Sunday of March'; and
243 # (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
244 # Sunday of November'.
245 # (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
246 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
247 # (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
248 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
249 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
251 # (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
252 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
253 # Department study is complete.
255 # US eastern time, represented by New York
257 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
258 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
259 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
260 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
261 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
262 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
264 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
265 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
266 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
267 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
268 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
269 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
271 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
272 # According to today's Huntsville Times
273 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
274 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
275 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
276 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
277 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
278 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
281 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
282 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
283 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
284 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
285 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
286 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
287 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
288 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
295 # US central time, represented by Chicago
297 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
298 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
299 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
300 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
301 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
302 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
303 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
304 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
306 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
307 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
308 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
309 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
310 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
311 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
313 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
314 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
315 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
316 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
318 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
319 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
320 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
321 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
322 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
323 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
324 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
325 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
326 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
328 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
329 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
330 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
332 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
334 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
335 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
336 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
338 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
339 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
340 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
341 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
342 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
343 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
344 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
345 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
346 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00
349 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
350 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
351 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
352 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
353 # <a href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm">
354 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
356 # <a href="http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html">
357 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
360 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
361 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
362 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
363 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
364 # at 4715'51" north, 10146'40" west, which yields an offset of 6h47'07".
366 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
367 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
370 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
372 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
373 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
374 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
375 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
376 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
378 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
379 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
380 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
381 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
382 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
383 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
384 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
385 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
387 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
389 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
392 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
394 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
395 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties,
396 # and the northern three-quarters of Idaho county),
397 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
399 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
400 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
401 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
402 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
403 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
404 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
405 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
406 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
412 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
414 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
415 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
416 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
417 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
418 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
419 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
420 # the Julian calendar.
422 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
423 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
424 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
425 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
426 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
427 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
429 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
430 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
431 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
435 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
436 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
438 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
439 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
443 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
445 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
446 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
448 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
449 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
450 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
452 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
453 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
455 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
456 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
459 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
461 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
462 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
464 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
465 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
468 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
470 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
471 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
473 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
475 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
476 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
477 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
479 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
480 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
481 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
482 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
483 # possibly until 1983:
485 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
486 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
487 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
488 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
489 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
490 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
491 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
492 # three votes for and one against."
496 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
497 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
498 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
499 # the article is available at
500 # <a href="http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf">
501 # http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
503 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
504 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
505 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
506 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
507 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
508 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
509 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
510 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
511 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
512 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
513 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
515 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
516 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
517 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
518 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
519 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
520 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
521 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
522 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
523 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
524 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
525 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
526 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
527 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
528 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
530 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
531 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
533 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00 #Schmitt&Cox
534 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00 #Laws 1933
535 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00 #Laws 1933+12
536 -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 09 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2
537 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00 #Schmitt&Fox+2
538 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00 #Schmitt&Fox+2
541 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
543 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
545 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
547 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
548 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
549 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
550 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
551 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
552 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
553 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
554 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
555 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
556 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
557 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
558 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
559 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
561 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
562 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
564 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
565 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
566 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
567 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
569 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
571 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
572 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
573 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
574 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
575 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
576 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
578 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
580 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
581 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
582 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
583 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
584 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
585 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
586 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
588 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
589 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
590 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
592 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
597 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
598 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
599 # What time is it in Indiana?
602 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
603 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
604 # with the following exceptions:
606 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
607 # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
609 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
611 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
612 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
614 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
615 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
617 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
618 # and wrote ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
619 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
620 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
622 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
623 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
624 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
626 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
627 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
629 # From Nathan Stratton Treadway (2006-03-30):
630 # http://www.dot.gov/affairs/dot0406.htm [3705 B]
631 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2006-01-18):
632 # http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/382329_web.pdf [2.9 MB]
633 # From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
634 # It says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
635 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
636 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
637 # this rule is 2:OO a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
638 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
639 # Strictly speaking, this means the affected counties will change their
640 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously is in error. The intent
641 # is that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
643 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
644 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
645 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
646 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
648 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
649 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
650 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
651 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
652 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
653 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
655 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
657 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
658 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
659 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
665 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
666 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
667 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
668 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
669 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
670 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
671 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
672 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
673 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
675 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
677 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
678 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
683 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
684 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
686 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
687 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
688 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
689 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
690 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
691 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
692 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
693 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
694 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
695 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
696 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
697 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
699 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
702 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
703 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
706 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
707 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
708 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
709 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
710 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
711 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
712 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
713 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
714 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
715 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
716 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
717 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
718 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
720 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
723 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
726 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
727 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
728 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
729 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
730 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
731 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
732 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
733 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
734 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
736 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
737 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
738 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
739 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
740 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
743 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
744 # then switched back in 2006.
745 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
746 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
747 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
749 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
750 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
751 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
752 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
753 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
754 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
755 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
756 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
758 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
759 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
760 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
761 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
764 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
765 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
766 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
767 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
768 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
769 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
770 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
771 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
772 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
774 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
777 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
778 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
781 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
782 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
783 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
784 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
790 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
791 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
792 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
793 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
794 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
795 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
796 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
797 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
798 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
799 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
800 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
801 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
803 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
805 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
807 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
808 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
811 # Wayne County, Kentucky
814 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
815 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
816 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
817 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
818 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
819 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
820 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
821 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
822 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
823 # location in the Central time zone.
825 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
826 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
827 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
828 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
829 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
831 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
832 # The final rule was published in the
833 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
834 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
837 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
840 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
844 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
845 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
846 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
847 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
848 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
849 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
850 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
851 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
853 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
854 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
855 # so omit that change for now.
856 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
857 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
858 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
859 # 1999-10-31. See the
860 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
861 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
863 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
864 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
865 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
869 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
870 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
872 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
873 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
874 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
877 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
878 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
879 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
880 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
881 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
882 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
885 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
887 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
888 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
889 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
890 # info, so omit this for now.
892 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
893 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
894 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
895 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
896 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
897 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
898 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
899 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
900 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
903 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
905 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
908 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
909 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
910 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
911 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
912 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
913 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
914 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
915 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
916 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
918 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
919 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
923 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
924 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
925 # also claimed by Haiti
926 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
927 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
928 # currently uninhabited
929 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
930 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
931 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
933 ################################################################################
936 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
937 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
938 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
939 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
941 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
942 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
943 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
944 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
945 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
947 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
948 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
950 # Other sources occasionally used include:
952 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
953 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
954 # which I found in the UCLA library.
956 # <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
957 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
960 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
964 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
965 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
966 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
968 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
969 # offset French English French English
980 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
981 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
983 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
984 # C: du Centre Central
985 # E: de l'Est Eastern
988 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
993 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
994 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
996 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
999 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1001 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1002 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1003 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1004 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1007 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1008 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1010 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1011 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1012 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1014 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1015 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1016 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1018 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1019 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1020 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1021 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1023 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1024 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1026 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1027 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1030 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1032 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1033 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1034 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1035 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1037 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1040 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1041 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1043 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
1044 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1045 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
1046 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1047 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1048 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1050 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
1051 # href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
1052 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
1053 # </a> (updated periodically).
1054 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1056 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1057 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1060 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1061 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1062 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1063 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1064 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1065 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1066 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1067 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1068 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1069 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1070 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1073 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1075 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1076 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1077 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1078 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1079 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1081 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1082 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1083 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1084 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1085 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1086 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1087 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1088 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1089 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1090 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1092 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1093 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1094 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1095 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1096 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1097 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1098 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1099 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1100 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1101 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1102 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1103 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1104 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1105 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1106 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1107 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1108 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1109 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1110 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1111 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1112 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1114 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1115 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1116 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1117 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1118 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1119 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1120 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1121 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1124 # most of east Labrador
1126 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
1127 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1128 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1130 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1131 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1133 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1134 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1135 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1139 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1141 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1142 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1143 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1144 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
1145 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1146 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1149 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1150 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1151 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1152 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1153 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1154 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1155 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1156 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1157 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1158 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1159 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1160 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1161 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1162 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1163 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1164 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1165 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1166 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1167 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1168 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1169 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1170 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1171 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1172 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1173 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1174 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1175 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1176 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1177 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1178 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1179 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1180 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1181 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1182 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1183 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1184 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1185 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1186 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1187 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1188 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1189 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1190 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1191 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1192 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1193 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1194 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1195 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1196 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1197 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1199 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1200 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1201 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1203 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1208 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1209 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1210 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1211 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1212 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1213 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1215 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1216 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1217 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1218 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1219 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1220 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1221 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1222 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1223 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1224 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1225 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1226 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1227 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1228 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1229 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1230 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1231 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1232 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1233 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1234 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1235 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1236 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1237 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1242 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1243 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Quebec has been
1246 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1247 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1248 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1249 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1250 # In "Official time in Quebec" the Quebec department of justice writes in
1251 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-regl-1-a.htm
1252 # that "The residents of the Municipality of the
1253 # Cote-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent and the municipalities of Saint-Augustin,
1254 # Bonne-Esperance and Blanc-Sablon apply the Official Time Act as it is
1255 # written and use Atlantic standard time all year round. The same applies to
1256 # the residents of the Native facilities along the lower North Shore."
1257 # <http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm>
1258 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1259 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1260 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1262 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1263 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1264 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1265 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1266 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1267 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1268 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1269 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1270 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1271 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1272 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1273 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1274 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1275 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1276 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1277 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1278 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1279 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1280 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1281 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1282 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1283 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1284 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1285 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1286 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1287 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1288 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1289 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1290 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1292 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1293 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1294 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1296 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1297 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1298 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1299 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1300 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1301 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1307 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1308 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1310 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1311 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1312 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1313 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1315 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1316 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1317 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1318 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1319 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1320 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1321 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1322 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1323 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1326 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1328 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1329 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1330 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1331 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1332 # He also writes that the
1333 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
1334 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1336 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1337 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1338 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1340 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1341 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1342 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1343 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1344 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1346 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1347 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1348 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1350 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1351 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1352 # the other half on eastern time.
1354 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1356 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1357 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1358 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1360 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1361 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1363 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1364 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1365 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1366 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1367 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1369 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1370 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1371 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1372 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1373 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1374 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1375 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1376 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1378 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1380 # Currently the database has:
1384 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1385 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1387 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1388 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1389 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1391 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1392 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1393 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1395 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1396 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1398 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1400 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1401 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1403 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1405 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1406 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1408 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1410 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1411 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1412 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1414 # <a href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S">
1415 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1418 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1420 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1421 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1422 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1423 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1424 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1425 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1427 # Province Daylight saving time used
1428 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1429 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1430 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1431 # Quebec In the following places:
1435 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madeleine
1436 # Verdun Loretteville
1437 # Westmount Richmond
1438 # Outremont St. Jerome
1439 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1441 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1442 # Melbourne La Tuque
1443 # St. Theophile Buckingham
1444 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1445 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1446 # used in the northwesterlhy part.
1447 # Manitoba Not used.
1448 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1450 # British Columbia Not used.
1452 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1453 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1455 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1456 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1457 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1458 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1459 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1460 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1461 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1462 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1463 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1465 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1466 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1467 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1468 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1469 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1470 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1471 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1472 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1473 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1474 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1475 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1476 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1477 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1478 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1479 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1480 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1481 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1482 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1483 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1484 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1485 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1486 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1487 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1488 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1489 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1490 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1491 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1492 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1494 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1495 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1496 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1497 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1498 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1500 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1501 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1502 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1503 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1504 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1505 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1506 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1507 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1508 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1509 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1510 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1512 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1513 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1514 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1515 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1516 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1517 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1519 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1522 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1523 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
1526 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1527 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1528 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1530 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1531 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1532 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1534 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1535 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1536 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1537 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1543 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1544 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1545 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1546 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1547 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1548 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1549 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1550 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had =
1551 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1552 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1553 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1554 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1555 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1557 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1558 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1559 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1560 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1562 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1563 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1564 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1565 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1566 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1567 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1568 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1569 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1570 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1571 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1572 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1573 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1574 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1575 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1576 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1577 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1578 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1579 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1580 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1581 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1582 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1583 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1584 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1585 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1586 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1587 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1588 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1589 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1595 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1596 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1597 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1598 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1599 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1600 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1601 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1602 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1605 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1606 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1607 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1609 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1610 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1611 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1612 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1613 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1614 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1616 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1617 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1618 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1619 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1620 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1622 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1623 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1624 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1625 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1627 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1628 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1629 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1630 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1631 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1632 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1633 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1635 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1636 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1637 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1638 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1639 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1640 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1642 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1643 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1644 # long and rather painful to read.
1645 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1647 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1648 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1649 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1650 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1651 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1652 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1653 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1654 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1655 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1656 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1657 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1658 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1659 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1660 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1661 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1662 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1663 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1664 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1666 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1667 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1668 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1669 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1670 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1671 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1672 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1673 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1675 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1676 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1677 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1678 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1684 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1685 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1686 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1687 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1688 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1689 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1690 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1691 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1692 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1693 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1694 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1695 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1696 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1697 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1698 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1699 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1700 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1701 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1702 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1703 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1710 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1711 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1712 # been like Vancouver.
1713 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1714 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1716 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1717 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1718 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1719 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1720 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1721 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1722 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1723 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1724 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1725 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1726 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1727 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1728 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1730 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1731 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1732 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1736 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1738 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1739 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1740 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1741 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1742 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1743 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1744 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1745 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1746 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1747 # Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
1749 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1750 # Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
1751 # act which was last updated in 1987:
1752 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
1754 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1755 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1756 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1757 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1760 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1761 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1762 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1764 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1765 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1766 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1767 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1768 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1769 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1771 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1772 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1773 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1775 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1777 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1778 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1780 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1782 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1784 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1785 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1786 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1787 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1788 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1789 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1790 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1791 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1792 # the current state of affairs.
1794 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1795 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1796 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1797 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1798 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1799 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1800 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1802 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1803 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1804 # for these potential new Zones.
1806 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1807 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1808 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1809 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1810 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1811 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1812 # required to use daylight savings.
1815 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1816 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1817 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1818 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1819 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1820 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1821 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1822 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1823 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1824 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1825 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1826 # unified time zone in 1999.
1828 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1829 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1831 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1832 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1834 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1835 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1836 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1837 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1838 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1839 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1840 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1842 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1844 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1845 # According to maps at
1846 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1847 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1848 # (both dated 2003), and
1849 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1850 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1851 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1852 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1853 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1854 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1855 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1857 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1858 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1859 # daylight saving only during wartime.
1861 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
1862 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
1863 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
1864 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
1865 # daylight saving....
1866 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
1868 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-14):
1869 # Today I phoned the "hamlet office" to find out what Resolute was doing with
1872 # The individual that answered the phone confirmed that the clocks did not
1873 # move at the end of daylight saving on October 29/2006. He also told me that
1874 # the clocks did not move this past weekend (March 11/2007)....
1876 # From Chris Walton (2008-11-13):
1877 # ...the residents of Resolute believe that they are changing "time zones"
1878 # twice a year. In winter months, local time is qualified with "Eastern
1879 # Time" which is really "Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5)". In summer
1880 # months, local time is qualified with "Central Time" which is really
1881 # "Central Daylight Time (UTC-5)"...
1883 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1884 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1885 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1886 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1887 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1888 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1889 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1890 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1891 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1892 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1893 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1894 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1895 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1896 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1898 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - zzz 1921 # trading post est.
1899 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1900 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1901 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1903 # formerly Frobisher Bay
1904 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - zzz 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
1905 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1906 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1909 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1910 Rule Resolute 2006 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 ES
1911 Rule Resolute 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 CD
1912 Zone America/Resolute 0 - zzz 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
1913 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1914 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1915 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
1918 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - zzz 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
1919 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1920 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1922 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
1923 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - zzz 1920 # trading post est.?
1924 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1925 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1926 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1927 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1929 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - zzz 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
1930 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1932 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - zzz 1953 # Inuvik founded
1933 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1934 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1936 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1937 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1938 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1940 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1941 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1942 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1946 ###############################################################################
1950 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1951 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1952 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1953 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1954 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1957 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
1958 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1959 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1960 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1961 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
1962 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1964 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1965 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1966 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1967 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1968 # the relevant documents.
1970 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
1971 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1972 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1974 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1976 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1977 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1979 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1980 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1981 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1982 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1984 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1985 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1990 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1995 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1997 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1998 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1999 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2000 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
2001 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
2004 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2005 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2006 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2008 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2009 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2010 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2011 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2012 # Arizona year round.
2014 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
2015 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2016 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2017 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2018 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2021 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2022 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2024 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2025 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2027 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
2028 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2029 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2031 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2032 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2033 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2034 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2035 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2036 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2037 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
2038 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2040 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
2041 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2042 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2043 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
2045 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2047 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
2048 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2050 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2051 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
2052 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2053 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2054 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2055 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2057 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2059 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
2060 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2061 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2062 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2063 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2064 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2065 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2066 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2067 # September 30, 2001.
2068 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2069 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2071 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2072 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2073 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2074 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2075 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2076 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2077 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2078 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2080 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2081 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2082 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2083 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2084 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2086 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2088 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2089 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2090 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2091 # > the United States.
2092 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2093 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2094 # <a href="http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/">
2095 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2097 # <a href="http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939">
2098 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2102 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2103 # <a href="http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf">
2104 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2106 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2108 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2109 # <a href="http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html">
2110 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2114 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html">
2115 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2118 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2120 # <a href="http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010">
2121 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2123 # includes this text:
2124 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2125 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2126 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2127 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2128 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2129 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2130 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2131 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2132 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2133 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2134 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2135 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2136 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2138 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2139 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2140 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2141 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2142 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2143 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2144 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2145 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2146 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2147 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2148 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2149 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2150 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2151 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2152 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2153 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2155 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2156 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2157 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2160 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2161 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2162 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2164 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2165 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2168 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2170 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2171 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2176 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2177 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2178 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2179 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2180 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2181 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2182 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
2183 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2185 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2186 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2187 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2188 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2189 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2190 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2191 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2193 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2194 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2195 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2197 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2198 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2199 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2200 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2201 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2202 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2203 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2205 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2206 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2209 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2210 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2211 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2212 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2213 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2214 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2215 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2216 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2218 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2221 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2222 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2223 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2224 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2227 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2228 # país, a partir de este domingo
2229 # <a href="http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748">
2230 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2233 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2235 # <a href="http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50">
2236 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50"
2240 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2241 # <a href="http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml">
2242 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2246 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html">
2247 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2250 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2251 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2253 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2255 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2256 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2258 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2259 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2260 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2261 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2262 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2263 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2264 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2265 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2269 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2270 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2271 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2272 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2273 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2274 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2275 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2276 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2278 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2281 # Baja California (near US border)
2282 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2284 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2285 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2286 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2287 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2288 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2289 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2290 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2291 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2292 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2297 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2298 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2299 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2301 # Baja California (away from US border)
2302 Zone America/Santa_Isabel -7:39:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:20:32
2304 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2305 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2306 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2307 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2308 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2309 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2310 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2311 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2312 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2317 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2318 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2320 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2321 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2322 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2323 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2324 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2325 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
2326 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2327 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2328 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2329 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2330 # name or contents should be.
2335 ###############################################################################
2338 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2339 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2342 # Antigua and Barbuda
2343 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2344 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2350 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2351 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2352 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2353 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2355 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2356 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2357 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2358 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2359 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2360 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2364 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2365 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2366 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2367 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2368 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2369 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2370 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2371 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2372 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2376 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2377 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2378 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
2379 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
2380 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
2381 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
2382 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
2383 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
2384 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2385 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2390 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2392 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2393 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2394 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2395 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2396 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2398 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2399 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2400 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2401 -4:00 Bahamas A%sT 1976
2405 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2406 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
2407 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2411 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2412 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2413 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2414 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2415 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2416 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2417 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2418 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2419 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
2420 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2421 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
2422 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
2425 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2429 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2430 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2431 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2432 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2433 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2434 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2435 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2436 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2437 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
2438 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2440 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2441 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2442 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2443 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2444 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2445 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2446 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2447 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2449 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2450 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2451 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2452 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2454 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2455 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2456 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2457 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2458 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2459 # watches should be set back one hour -- going back to 00:00 hours -- returning
2460 # to the normal schedule....
2462 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2463 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html, dated yesterday,
2464 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2465 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2466 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2468 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2469 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2470 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2472 # He supplied these references:
2474 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2475 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2477 # From Alex Kryvenishev (2007-10-25):
2478 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2480 # [Regira] el Horario Normal desde el [proximo] domingo 28 de octubre
2481 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2483 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2485 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2486 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2487 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2488 # <a href="http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj">
2489 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2490 # </a>, a Cuban information station, and heard
2491 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2492 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2494 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2495 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2496 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2497 # <a href="http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm">
2498 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2501 # Some more background information is posted here:
2502 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html">
2503 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2506 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2507 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2508 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2509 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2510 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2511 # change some historic records as well.
2514 # <a href="http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm">
2515 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2518 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2519 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2520 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2521 # <a href="http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html">
2522 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2525 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsens information, the change
2526 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2528 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2529 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2531 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2532 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2533 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2534 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2536 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html">
2537 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2541 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2542 # I listened over the Internet to
2543 # <a href="http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj">
2544 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2546 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2547 # the time was announced as "diez cinco"--the same time as here, indicating
2548 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2550 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2551 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2552 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2553 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2554 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2555 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2556 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2557 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2558 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2559 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2560 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2561 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2562 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2563 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2564 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2565 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2566 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2567 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2568 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2569 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2570 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2571 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2572 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2573 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2574 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2575 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2576 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2577 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2578 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2579 Rule Cuba 2000 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2580 Rule Cuba 2006 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2581 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2582 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2583 Rule Cuba 2009 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2585 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2586 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2587 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2591 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2592 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
2595 # Dominican Republic
2597 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2598 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
2599 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
2600 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
2602 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2603 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
2605 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
2606 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
2607 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
2608 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
2609 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
2610 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
2611 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
2612 # decided to revert.
2615 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2616 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
2617 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
2618 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
2619 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
2620 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
2621 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
2622 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2623 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
2624 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
2625 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
2626 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
2627 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
2632 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2633 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2634 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2635 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
2636 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
2637 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2638 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
2642 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2643 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
2647 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2648 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
2651 Link America/Guadeloupe America/St_Barthelemy
2652 # St Martin (French part)
2653 Link America/Guadeloupe America/Marigot
2657 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
2658 # Diario Co Latino, at
2659 # http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079,
2660 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
2661 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
2662 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
2663 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
2664 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
2665 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
2666 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
2667 # <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>.
2669 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2670 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
2671 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
2672 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
2673 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
2674 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
2675 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
2676 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
2677 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
2678 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2679 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
2683 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
2684 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
2685 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
2686 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
2687 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
2688 # </a>. Translated from French, it says:
2690 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
2691 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
2692 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
2693 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
2694 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
2696 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
2697 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
2698 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
2701 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
2703 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
2704 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
2705 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
2706 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
2707 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
2709 # I have found this article about it (in French):
2710 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
2712 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
2714 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
2715 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
2718 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2719 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
2720 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2721 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2722 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
2724 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
2725 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
2726 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2727 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2728 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2729 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
2730 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
2734 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
2736 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
2737 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
2738 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
2739 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
2740 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
2741 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
2743 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
2744 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
2745 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
2746 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
2748 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
2749 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08)
2750 # <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>.
2751 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
2753 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
2754 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
2755 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
2756 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
2758 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
2759 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
2760 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
2762 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2763 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2764 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2765 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2766 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
2767 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2768 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
2771 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
2775 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
2778 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
2779 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
2781 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
2782 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2783 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
2784 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2785 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2790 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2791 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
2792 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
2793 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
2794 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
2798 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2799 # In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
2800 # world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
2801 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2802 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill
2807 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
2809 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
2810 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
2811 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
2812 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
2813 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
2814 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
2815 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
2816 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
2817 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
2819 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
2820 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
2821 # assume that it is daylight saving....
2823 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
2824 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
2825 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
2826 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
2827 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
2828 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
2829 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
2830 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
2831 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
2832 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
2834 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
2835 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
2836 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
2839 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
2840 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
2841 # (my informal translation)
2842 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolanos, Nicaragua
2843 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
2844 # morning, and will stay that way until 30.th. of september.
2846 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
2847 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
2848 # My informal translation runs:
2849 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
2850 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
2852 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2853 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
2854 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
2855 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
2856 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2857 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
2858 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
2859 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2860 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
2861 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
2862 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
2863 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
2864 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
2865 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
2871 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2872 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
2873 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
2877 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
2878 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2879 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
2880 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
2885 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2886 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
2890 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2891 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
2892 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
2895 # St Pierre and Miquelon
2896 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
2897 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2898 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
2899 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
2900 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
2903 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
2904 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2905 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
2906 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
2911 # From Chris Dunn in
2912 # <http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007>
2913 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
2914 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
2915 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
2917 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
2918 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
2919 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
2920 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
2921 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
2922 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
2923 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
2925 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-01):
2926 # Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
2927 # says they switch at midnight. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2929 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2930 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2931 Rule TC 1979 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2932 Rule TC 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2933 Rule TC 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
2934 Rule TC 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2935 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2936 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
2937 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2941 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2942 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
2946 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2947 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
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