2 * Copyright (c) 2006 The DragonFly Project. All rights reserved.
4 * This code is derived from software contributed to The DragonFly Project
5 * by Matthew Dillon <dillon@backplane.com>
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
15 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
17 * 3. Neither the name of The DragonFly Project nor the names of its
18 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
19 * from this software without specific, prior written permission.
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
22 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
23 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
24 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
25 * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
27 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
28 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
29 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
30 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
31 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35 #include <sys/types.h>
36 #include <sys/systm.h>
37 #include <sys/kernel.h>
41 #include <sys/random.h>
42 #include <sys/vkernel.h>
44 #include <sys/reboot.h>
46 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
47 #include <sys/vmspace.h>
48 #include <sys/socket.h>
49 #include <sys/sockio.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
52 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
53 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
54 #include <sys/mplock2.h>
58 #include <machine/cpu.h>
59 #include <machine/globaldata.h>
60 #include <machine/tls.h>
61 #include <machine/md_var.h>
62 #include <machine/vmparam.h>
63 #include <cpu/specialreg.h>
66 #include <net/if_arp.h>
67 #include <net/ethernet.h>
68 #include <net/bridge/if_bridgevar.h>
69 #include <netinet/in.h>
70 #include <arpa/inet.h>
71 #include <net/if_var.h>
85 #define EX_VKERNEL_REBOOT 32
87 vm_phystable_t phys_avail[16];
89 vm_paddr_t Maxmem_bytes;
92 struct vkdisk_info DiskInfo[VKDISK_MAX];
94 struct vknetif_info NetifInfo[VKNETIF_MAX];
100 vm_offset_t virtual_start;
101 vm_offset_t virtual_end;
102 vm_offset_t virtual2_start;
103 vm_offset_t virtual2_end;
104 vm_offset_t kernel_vm_end;
105 vm_offset_t crashdumpmap;
106 vm_offset_t clean_sva;
107 vm_offset_t clean_eva;
108 struct msgbuf *msgbufp;
111 vpte_t *KernelPTA; /* Warning: Offset for direct VA translation */
112 void *dmap_min_address;
114 u_int cpu_feature; /* XXX */
118 int optcpus; /* number of cpus - see mp_start() */
120 int lwp_cpu_lock; /* if/how to lock virtual CPUs to real CPUs */
121 int real_ncpus; /* number of real CPUs */
122 int next_cpu; /* next real CPU to lock a virtual CPU to */
123 int vkernel_b_arg; /* no of logical CPU bits - only SMP */
124 int vkernel_B_arg; /* no of core bits - only SMP */
125 int vmm_enabled; /* VMM HW assisted enable */
126 int use_precise_timer = 0; /* use a precise timer (more expensive) */
127 struct privatespace *CPU_prvspace;
129 tsc_uclock_t tsc_frequency;
130 tsc_uclock_t tsc_oneus_approx;
132 extern uint64_t KPML4phys; /* phys addr of kernel level 4 */
134 static struct trapframe proc0_tf;
135 static void *proc0paddr;
137 static void init_sys_memory(char *imageFile);
138 static void init_kern_memory(void);
139 static void init_kern_memory_vmm(void);
140 static void init_globaldata(void);
141 static void init_vkernel(void);
142 static void init_disk(char **diskExp, int *diskFlags, int diskFileNum, enum vkdisk_type type);
143 static void init_netif(char *netifExp[], int netifFileNum);
144 static void writepid(void);
145 static void cleanpid(void);
146 static int unix_connect(const char *path);
147 static void usage_err(const char *ctl, ...);
148 static void usage_help(_Bool);
149 static void init_locks(void);
150 static void handle_term(int);
155 static int prezeromem;
156 static char **save_av;
159 * Kernel startup for virtual kernels - standard main()
162 main(int ac, char **av)
164 char *memImageFile = NULL;
165 char *netifFile[VKNETIF_MAX];
166 char *diskFile[VKDISK_MAX];
167 char *cdFile[VKDISK_MAX];
172 int diskFlags[VKDISK_MAX];
173 int netifFileNum = 0;
176 int bootOnDisk = -1; /* set below to vcd (0) or vkd (1) */
184 int dflag = 0; /* disable vmm */
185 int real_vkernel_enable;
196 * Currently a bad hack but rtld-elf needs LD_SHAREDLIB_BASE to
197 * be set to force it to mmap() shared libraries into low memory,
198 * so our module loader can link against the related symbols.
200 if (getenv("LD_SHAREDLIB_BASE") == NULL) {
201 setenv("LD_SHAREDLIB_BASE", "0x10000000", 1);
203 fprintf(stderr, "Must run %s with full path\n", av[0]);
207 while ((childpid = fork()) != 0) {
209 bzero(&sa, sizeof(sa));
210 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
211 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
212 sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
213 sigaction(SIGQUIT, &sa, NULL);
214 sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
217 * Forward SIGTERM to the child so that
218 * the shutdown process initiates correctly.
220 sa.sa_handler = handle_term;
221 sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL);
224 * Wait for child to terminate, exit if
225 * someone stole our child.
227 while (waitpid(childpid, &status, 0) != childpid) {
231 if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != EX_VKERNEL_REBOOT)
247 kernel_mem_readonly = 1;
252 lwp_cpu_lock = LCL_NONE;
254 real_vkernel_enable = 0;
255 vsize = sizeof(real_vkernel_enable);
256 sysctlbyname("vm.vkernel_enable", &real_vkernel_enable, &vsize, NULL,0);
258 if (real_vkernel_enable == 0) {
259 errx(1, "vm.vkernel_enable is 0, must be set "
260 "to 1 to execute a vkernel!");
264 vsize = sizeof(real_ncpus);
265 sysctlbyname("hw.ncpu", &real_ncpus, &vsize, NULL, 0);
270 while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "c:hsvztl:m:n:r:R:e:i:p:I:Ud")) != -1) {
277 * name=value:name=value:name=value...
280 * Allow values to be quoted but note that shells
281 * may remove the quotes, so using this feature
282 * to embed colons may require a backslash.
289 kern_envp = malloc(kenv_size);
290 if (kern_envp == NULL)
291 errx(1, "Couldn't allocate %zd bytes for kern_envp", kenv_size);
293 kenv_size2 = kenv_size + n + 1;
295 if ((tmp = realloc(kern_envp, kenv_size2)) == NULL)
296 errx(1, "Couldn't reallocate %zd bytes for kern_envp", kenv_size2);
298 kenv_size = kenv_size2;
301 for (i = 0, j = pos; i < n; ++i) {
302 if (optarg[i] == '"')
304 else if (optarg[i] == '\'')
306 else if (isq == 0 && optarg[i] == ':')
309 kern_envp[j++] = optarg[i];
316 boothowto |= RB_SINGLE;
319 use_precise_timer = 1;
325 memImageFile = optarg;
328 if (netifFileNum < VKNETIF_MAX)
329 netifFile[netifFileNum++] = strdup(optarg);
335 if (diskFileNum + cdFileNum < VKDISK_MAX) {
336 diskFile[diskFileNum] = strdup(optarg);
337 diskFlags[diskFileNum] = (c == 'R');
344 if (diskFileNum + cdFileNum < VKDISK_MAX)
345 cdFile[cdFileNum++] = strdup(optarg);
348 Maxmem_bytes = strtoull(optarg, &suffix, 0);
365 usage_err("Bad maxmem option");
373 if (strncmp("map", optarg, 3) == 0) {
374 lwp_cpu_lock = LCL_PER_CPU;
375 if (optarg[3] == ',') {
376 next_cpu = strtol(optarg+4, &endp, 0);
378 usage_err("Bad target CPU number at '%s'", endp);
382 if (next_cpu < 0 || next_cpu > real_ncpus - 1)
383 usage_err("Bad target CPU, valid range is 0-%d", real_ncpus - 1);
384 } else if (strncmp("any", optarg, 3) == 0) {
385 lwp_cpu_lock = LCL_NONE;
387 lwp_cpu_lock = LCL_SINGLE_CPU;
388 next_cpu = strtol(optarg, &endp, 0);
390 usage_err("Bad target CPU number at '%s'", endp);
391 if (next_cpu < 0 || next_cpu > real_ncpus - 1)
392 usage_err("Bad target CPU, valid range is 0-%d", real_ncpus - 1);
397 * This value is set up by mp_start(), don't just
400 tok = strtok(optarg, ":");
401 optcpus = strtol(tok, NULL, 0);
402 if (optcpus < 1 || optcpus > MAXCPU)
403 usage_err("Bad ncpus, valid range is 1-%d", MAXCPU);
405 while ((1 << cpu_bits) < optcpus)
409 * By default assume simple hyper-threading
412 vkernel_B_arg = cpu_bits - vkernel_b_arg;
415 * [:lbits[:cbits]] override # of cpu bits
416 * for logical and core extraction, supplying
417 * defaults for any omission.
419 tok = strtok(NULL, ":");
421 vkernel_b_arg = strtol(tok, NULL, 0);
422 vkernel_B_arg = cpu_bits - vkernel_b_arg;
424 /* :cbits argument */
425 tok = strtok(NULL, ":");
427 vkernel_B_arg = strtol(tok, NULL, 0);
435 kernel_mem_readonly = 0;
451 vsize = sizeof(vmm_enabled);
452 sysctlbyname("hw.vmm.enable", &vmm_enabled, &vsize, NULL, 0);
453 vmm_enabled = (vmm_enabled && !dflag);
458 /* use a MAP_ANON directly */
459 printf("VMM is available\n");
460 init_kern_memory_vmm();
462 printf("VMM is not available\n");
463 init_sys_memory(memImageFile);
471 vmm_guest = VMM_GUEST_VKERNEL;
476 vsize = sizeof(tsc_present);
477 sysctlbyname("hw.tsc_present", &tsc_present, &vsize, NULL, 0);
478 vsize = sizeof(tsc_invariant);
479 sysctlbyname("hw.tsc_invariant", &tsc_invariant, &vsize, NULL, 0);
480 vsize = sizeof(tsc_mpsync);
481 sysctlbyname("hw.tsc_mpsync", &tsc_mpsync, &vsize, NULL, 0);
482 vsize = sizeof(tsc_frequency);
483 sysctlbyname("hw.tsc_frequency", &tsc_frequency, &vsize, NULL, 0);
485 cpu_feature |= CPUID_TSC;
486 tsc_oneus_approx = ((tsc_frequency|1) + 999999) / 1000000;
491 vsize = sizeof(supports_sse);
493 sysctlbyname("hw.instruction_sse", &supports_sse, &vsize, NULL, 0);
494 sysctlbyname("hw.mxcsr_mask", &mxcsr_mask, &msize, NULL, 0);
495 init_fpu(supports_sse);
497 cpu_feature |= CPUID_SSE | CPUID_FXSR;
500 * We boot from the first installed disk.
502 if (bootOnDisk == 1) {
503 init_disk(diskFile, diskFlags, diskFileNum, VKD_DISK);
504 init_disk(cdFile, NULL, cdFileNum, VKD_CD);
506 init_disk(cdFile, NULL, cdFileNum, VKD_CD);
507 init_disk(diskFile, diskFlags, diskFileNum, VKD_DISK);
510 init_netif(netifFile, netifFileNum);
517 /* SIGTERM handler */
526 * Initialize system memory. This is the virtual kernel's 'RAM'.
530 init_sys_memory(char *imageFile)
537 * Figure out the system memory image size. If an image file was
538 * specified and -m was not specified, use the image file's size.
540 if (imageFile && stat(imageFile, &st) == 0 && Maxmem_bytes == 0)
541 Maxmem_bytes = (vm_paddr_t)st.st_size;
542 if ((imageFile == NULL || stat(imageFile, &st) < 0) &&
544 errx(1, "Cannot create new memory file %s unless "
545 "system memory size is specified with -m",
551 * Maxmem must be known at this time
553 if (Maxmem_bytes < 64 * 1024 * 1024 || (Maxmem_bytes & SEG_MASK)) {
554 errx(1, "Bad maxmem specification: 64MB minimum, "
555 "multiples of %dMB only",
556 SEG_SIZE / 1024 / 1024);
561 * Generate an image file name if necessary, then open/create the
562 * file exclusively locked. Do not allow multiple virtual kernels
563 * to use the same image file.
565 * Don't iterate through a million files if we do not have write
566 * access to the directory, stop if our open() failed on a
567 * non-existant file. Otherwise opens can fail for any number
569 if (imageFile == NULL) {
570 for (i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i) {
571 asprintf(&imageFile, "/var/vkernel/memimg.%06d", i);
573 O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXLOCK|O_NONBLOCK, 0644);
574 if (fd < 0 && stat(imageFile, &st) == 0) {
581 fd = open(imageFile, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXLOCK|O_NONBLOCK, 0644);
583 fprintf(stderr, "Using memory file: %s\n", imageFile);
584 if (fd < 0 || fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
585 err(1, "Unable to open/create %s", imageFile);
590 * Truncate or extend the file as necessary. Clean out the contents
591 * of the file, we want it to be full of holes so we don't waste
592 * time reading in data from an old file that we no longer care
596 ftruncate(fd, Maxmem_bytes);
599 Maxmem = Maxmem_bytes >> PAGE_SHIFT;
604 * Initialize kernel memory. This reserves kernel virtual memory by using
610 init_kern_memory(void)
617 * Memory map our kernel virtual memory space. Note that the
618 * kernel image itself is not made part of this memory for the
621 * The memory map must be segment-aligned so we can properly
624 * If the system kernel has a different MAXDSIZ, it might not
625 * be possible to map kernel memory in its prefered location.
626 * Try a number of different locations.
629 base = mmap((void*)KERNEL_KVA_START, KERNEL_KVA_SIZE,
630 PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE|PROT_EXEC,
631 MAP_FILE|MAP_SHARED|MAP_VPAGETABLE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_TRYFIXED,
632 MemImageFd, (off_t)KERNEL_KVA_START);
634 if (base == MAP_FAILED) {
635 err(1, "Unable to mmap() kernel virtual memory!");
638 madvise(base, KERNEL_KVA_SIZE, MADV_NOSYNC);
639 KvaStart = (vm_offset_t)base;
640 KvaSize = KERNEL_KVA_SIZE;
641 KvaEnd = KvaStart + KvaSize;
643 /* cannot use kprintf yet */
644 printf("KVM mapped at %p-%p\n", (void *)KvaStart, (void *)KvaEnd);
647 dmap_min_address = mmap(0, DMAP_SIZE, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
648 MAP_NOCORE|MAP_NOSYNC|MAP_SHARED,
650 if (dmap_min_address == MAP_FAILED) {
651 err(1, "Unable to mmap() kernel DMAP region!");
656 * Prefault the memory. The vkernel is going to fault it all in
657 * anyway, and faults on the backing store itself are very expensive
658 * once we go SMP (contend a lot). So do it now.
661 bzero(dmap_min_address, Maxmem_bytes);
664 * Bootstrap the kernel_pmap
667 pmap_bootstrap((vm_paddr_t *)&firstfree, (int64_t)base);
669 mcontrol(base, KERNEL_KVA_SIZE, MADV_SETMAP,
670 0 | VPTE_RW | VPTE_V);
673 * phys_avail[] represents unallocated physical memory. MI code
674 * will use phys_avail[] to create the vm_page array.
676 phys_avail[0].phys_beg = (vm_paddr_t)firstfree;
677 phys_avail[0].phys_beg = (phys_avail[0].phys_beg + PAGE_MASK) &
678 ~(vm_paddr_t)PAGE_MASK;
679 phys_avail[0].phys_end = Maxmem_bytes;
683 * (virtual_start, virtual_end) represent unallocated kernel virtual
684 * memory. MI code will create kernel_map using these parameters.
686 virtual_start = KvaStart + (long)firstfree;
687 virtual_start = (virtual_start + PAGE_MASK) & ~(vm_offset_t)PAGE_MASK;
688 virtual_end = KvaStart + KERNEL_KVA_SIZE;
692 * pmap_growkernel() will set the correct value.
697 * Allocate space for process 0's UAREA.
699 proc0paddr = (void *)virtual_start;
700 for (i = 0; i < UPAGES; ++i) {
701 pmap_kenter_quick(virtual_start, phys_avail[0].phys_beg);
702 virtual_start += PAGE_SIZE;
703 phys_avail[0].phys_beg += PAGE_SIZE;
709 crashdumpmap = virtual_start;
710 virtual_start += MAXDUMPPGS * PAGE_SIZE;
713 * msgbufp maps the system message buffer
715 assert((MSGBUF_SIZE & PAGE_MASK) == 0);
716 msgbufp = (void *)virtual_start;
717 for (i = 0; i < (MSGBUF_SIZE >> PAGE_SHIFT); ++i) {
718 pmap_kenter_quick(virtual_start, phys_avail[0].phys_beg);
719 virtual_start += PAGE_SIZE;
720 phys_avail[0].phys_beg += PAGE_SIZE;
722 msgbufinit(msgbufp, MSGBUF_SIZE);
725 * used by kern_memio for /dev/mem access
727 ptvmmap = (caddr_t)virtual_start;
728 virtual_start += PAGE_SIZE;
733 init_kern_memory_vmm(void)
737 struct vmm_guest_options options;
740 KvaStart = (vm_offset_t)KERNEL_KVA_START;
741 KvaSize = KERNEL_KVA_SIZE;
742 KvaEnd = KvaStart + KvaSize;
744 Maxmem = Maxmem_bytes >> PAGE_SHIFT;
747 if (Maxmem_bytes < 64 * 1024 * 1024 || (Maxmem_bytes & SEG_MASK)) {
748 errx(1, "Bad maxmem specification: 64MB minimum, "
749 "multiples of %dMB only",
750 SEG_SIZE / 1024 / 1024);
754 /* Call the vmspace_create to allocate the internal
755 * vkernel structures. Won't do anything else (no new
758 if (vmspace_create(NULL, 0, NULL) < 0)
759 panic("vmspace_create() failed");
763 * MAP_ANON the region of the VKERNEL phyisical memory
764 * (known as GPA - Guest Physical Address
766 dmap_address = mmap(NULL, Maxmem_bytes,
767 PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE|PROT_EXEC,
768 MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED, -1, 0);
769 if (dmap_address == MAP_FAILED) {
770 err(1, "Unable to mmap() RAM region!");
774 bzero(dmap_address, Maxmem_bytes);
776 /* Alloc a new stack in the lowmem */
777 vkernel_stack = mmap(NULL, KERNEL_STACK_SIZE,
778 PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE|PROT_EXEC,
780 if (vkernel_stack == MAP_FAILED) {
781 err(1, "Unable to allocate stack\n");
785 * Bootstrap the kernel_pmap
787 firstfree = dmap_address;
788 dmap_min_address = NULL; /* VIRT == PHYS in the first 512G */
789 pmap_bootstrap((vm_paddr_t *)&firstfree, (uint64_t)KvaStart);
794 bzero(&options, sizeof(options));
795 options.guest_cr3 = (register_t) KPML4phys;
796 options.new_stack = (uint64_t) vkernel_stack + KERNEL_STACK_SIZE;
798 if (vmm_guest_ctl(VMM_GUEST_RUN, &options)) {
799 err(1, "Unable to enter VMM mode.");
803 * phys_avail[] represents unallocated physical memory. MI code
804 * will use phys_avail[] to create the vm_page array.
806 phys_avail[0].phys_beg = (vm_paddr_t)firstfree;
807 phys_avail[0].phys_beg = (phys_avail[0].phys_beg + PAGE_MASK) &
808 ~(vm_paddr_t)PAGE_MASK;
809 phys_avail[0].phys_end = (vm_paddr_t)dmap_address + Maxmem_bytes;
812 * pmap_growkernel() will set the correct value.
817 * Allocate space for process 0's UAREA.
819 proc0paddr = (void *)virtual_start;
820 for (i = 0; i < UPAGES; ++i) {
821 pmap_kenter_quick(virtual_start, phys_avail[0].phys_beg);
822 virtual_start += PAGE_SIZE;
823 phys_avail[0].phys_beg += PAGE_SIZE;
829 crashdumpmap = virtual_start;
830 virtual_start += MAXDUMPPGS * PAGE_SIZE;
833 * msgbufp maps the system message buffer
835 assert((MSGBUF_SIZE & PAGE_MASK) == 0);
836 msgbufp = (void *)virtual_start;
837 for (i = 0; i < (MSGBUF_SIZE >> PAGE_SHIFT); ++i) {
839 pmap_kenter_quick(virtual_start, phys_avail[0].phys_beg);
840 virtual_start += PAGE_SIZE;
841 phys_avail[0].phys_beg += PAGE_SIZE;
844 msgbufinit(msgbufp, MSGBUF_SIZE);
847 * used by kern_memio for /dev/mem access
849 ptvmmap = (caddr_t)virtual_start;
850 virtual_start += PAGE_SIZE;
852 printf("vmm: Hardware pagetable enabled for guest\n");
857 * Map the per-cpu globaldata for cpu #0. Allocate the space using
858 * virtual_start and phys_avail[0]
862 init_globaldata(void)
869 * Reserve enough KVA to cover possible cpus. This is a considerable
870 * amount of KVA since the privatespace structure includes two
871 * whole page table mappings.
873 virtual_start = (virtual_start + SEG_MASK) & ~(vm_offset_t)SEG_MASK;
874 CPU_prvspace = (void *)virtual_start;
875 virtual_start += sizeof(struct privatespace) * SMP_MAXCPU;
878 * Allocate enough physical memory to cover the mdglobaldata
879 * portion of the space and the idle stack and map the pages
880 * into KVA. For cpu #0 only.
882 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(struct mdglobaldata); i += PAGE_SIZE) {
883 pa = phys_avail[0].phys_beg;
884 va = (vm_offset_t)&CPU_prvspace[0].mdglobaldata + i;
885 pmap_kenter_quick(va, pa);
886 phys_avail[0].phys_beg += PAGE_SIZE;
888 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(CPU_prvspace[0].idlestack); i += PAGE_SIZE) {
889 pa = phys_avail[0].phys_beg;
890 va = (vm_offset_t)&CPU_prvspace[0].idlestack + i;
891 pmap_kenter_quick(va, pa);
892 phys_avail[0].phys_beg += PAGE_SIZE;
896 * Setup the %gs for cpu #0. The mycpu macro works after this
897 * point. Note that %fs is used by pthreads.
899 tls_set_gs(&CPU_prvspace[0], sizeof(struct privatespace));
904 * Initialize pool tokens and other necessary locks
911 * Get the initial mplock with a count of 1 for the BSP.
912 * This uses a LOGICAL cpu ID, ie BSP == 0.
914 cpu_get_initial_mplock();
916 /* our token pool needs to work early */
917 lwkt_token_pool_init();
923 * Initialize very low level systems including thread0, proc0, etc.
929 struct mdglobaldata *gd;
931 gd = &CPU_prvspace[0].mdglobaldata;
932 bzero(gd, sizeof(*gd));
934 gd->mi.gd_curthread = &thread0;
935 thread0.td_gd = &gd->mi;
937 ncpus_fit = 1; /* rounded up power of 2 */
938 /* ncpus_fit_mask are 0 */
940 gd->mi.gd_prvspace = &CPU_prvspace[0];
941 mi_gdinit(&gd->mi, 0);
943 mi_proc0init(&gd->mi, proc0paddr);
944 lwp0.lwp_md.md_regs = &proc0_tf;
949 #if 0 /* #ifdef DDB */
951 if (boothowto & RB_KDB)
952 Debugger("Boot flags requested debugger");
956 initializecpu(); /* Initialize CPU registers */
958 init_param2((phys_avail[0].phys_end -
959 phys_avail[0].phys_beg) / PAGE_SIZE);
963 * Map the message buffer
965 for (off = 0; off < round_page(MSGBUF_SIZE); off += PAGE_SIZE)
966 pmap_kenter((vm_offset_t)msgbufp + off, avail_end + off);
967 msgbufinit(msgbufp, MSGBUF_SIZE);
970 thread0.td_pcb_cr3 ... MMU
971 lwp0.lwp_md.md_regs = &proc0_tf;
976 * Filesystem image paths for the virtual kernel are optional.
977 * If specified they each should point to a disk image,
978 * the first of which will become the root disk.
980 * The virtual kernel caches data from our 'disk' just like a normal kernel,
981 * so we do not really want the real kernel to cache the data too. Use
982 * O_DIRECT to remove the duplication.
986 init_disk(char **diskExp, int *diskFlags, int diskFileNum, enum vkdisk_type type)
991 if (diskFileNum == 0)
994 for (i=0; i < diskFileNum; i++){
999 warnx("Invalid argument to '-r'");
1003 * Check for a serial number for the virtual disk
1004 * passed from the command line.
1007 strsep(&serno, ":");
1009 if (DiskNum < VKDISK_MAX) {
1011 struct vkdisk_info *info = NULL;
1015 if (type == VKD_DISK)
1016 fd = open(fname, O_RDWR|O_DIRECT, 0644);
1018 fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY|O_DIRECT, 0644);
1019 if (fd < 0 || fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
1020 err(1, "Unable to open/create %s", fname);
1023 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && (diskFlags[i] & 1) == 0) {
1024 if (flock(fd, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB) < 0) {
1025 errx(1, "Disk image %s is already "
1031 info = &DiskInfo[DiskNum];
1037 info->flags = diskFlags[i];
1038 memcpy(info->fname, fname, l);
1041 if ((info->serno = malloc(SERNOLEN)) != NULL)
1042 strlcpy(info->serno, serno, SERNOLEN);
1044 warnx("Couldn't allocate memory for the operation");
1048 if (type == VKD_CD) {
1049 rootdevnames[0] = "cd9660:vcd0";
1050 } else if (type == VKD_DISK) {
1051 rootdevnames[0] = "ufs:vkd0s0a";
1052 rootdevnames[1] = "ufs:vkd0s1a";
1058 warnx("vkd%d (%s) > VKDISK_MAX", DiskNum, fname);
1066 netif_set_tapflags(int tap_unit, int f, int s)
1071 bzero(&ifr, sizeof(ifr));
1073 snprintf(ifr.ifr_name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name), "tap%d", tap_unit);
1074 if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0) {
1075 warn("tap%d: ioctl(SIOCGIFFLAGS) failed", tap_unit);
1082 * If the flags are already set/cleared, then we return
1083 * immediately to avoid extra syscalls
1085 flags = (ifr.ifr_flags & 0xffff) | (ifr.ifr_flagshigh << 16);
1087 /* Turn off flags */
1089 if ((flags & f) == 0)
1100 * Fix up ifreq.ifr_name, since it may be trashed
1101 * in previous ioctl(SIOCGIFFLAGS)
1103 snprintf(ifr.ifr_name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name), "tap%d", tap_unit);
1105 ifr.ifr_flags = flags & 0xffff;
1106 ifr.ifr_flagshigh = flags >> 16;
1107 if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0) {
1108 warn("tap%d: ioctl(SIOCSIFFLAGS) failed", tap_unit);
1116 netif_set_tapaddr(int tap_unit, in_addr_t addr, in_addr_t mask, int s)
1118 struct ifaliasreq ifra;
1119 struct sockaddr_in *in;
1121 bzero(&ifra, sizeof(ifra));
1122 snprintf(ifra.ifra_name, sizeof(ifra.ifra_name), "tap%d", tap_unit);
1125 in = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifra.ifra_addr;
1126 in->sin_family = AF_INET;
1127 in->sin_len = sizeof(*in);
1128 in->sin_addr.s_addr = addr;
1132 in = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifra.ifra_mask;
1133 in->sin_len = sizeof(*in);
1134 in->sin_addr.s_addr = mask;
1137 if (ioctl(s, SIOCAIFADDR, &ifra) < 0) {
1138 warn("tap%d: ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR) failed", tap_unit);
1146 netif_add_tap2brg(int tap_unit, const char *ifbridge, int s)
1151 bzero(&ifbr, sizeof(ifbr));
1152 snprintf(ifbr.ifbr_ifsname, sizeof(ifbr.ifbr_ifsname),
1155 bzero(&ifd, sizeof(ifd));
1156 strlcpy(ifd.ifd_name, ifbridge, sizeof(ifd.ifd_name));
1157 ifd.ifd_cmd = BRDGADD;
1158 ifd.ifd_len = sizeof(ifbr);
1159 ifd.ifd_data = &ifbr;
1161 if (ioctl(s, SIOCSDRVSPEC, &ifd) < 0) {
1163 * 'errno == EEXIST' means that the tap(4) is already
1164 * a member of the bridge(4)
1166 if (errno != EEXIST) {
1167 warn("ioctl(%s, SIOCSDRVSPEC) failed", ifbridge);
1174 #define TAPDEV_OFLAGS (O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK)
1177 * Locate the first unused tap(4) device file if auto mode is requested,
1178 * or open the user supplied device file, and bring up the corresponding
1181 * NOTE: Only tap(4) device file is supported currently
1185 netif_open_tap(const char *netif, int *tap_unit, int s)
1187 char tap_dev[MAXPATHLEN];
1194 if (strcmp(netif, "auto") == 0) {
1196 * Find first unused tap(4) device file
1198 tap_fd = open("/dev/tap", TAPDEV_OFLAGS);
1200 warnc(errno, "Unable to find a free tap(4)");
1205 * User supplied tap(4) device file or unix socket.
1207 if (netif[0] == '/') /* Absolute path */
1208 strlcpy(tap_dev, netif, sizeof(tap_dev));
1210 snprintf(tap_dev, sizeof(tap_dev), "/dev/%s", netif);
1212 tap_fd = open(tap_dev, TAPDEV_OFLAGS);
1215 * If we cannot open normally try to connect to it.
1218 tap_fd = unix_connect(tap_dev);
1221 warn("Unable to open %s", tap_dev);
1227 * Check whether the device file is a tap(4)
1229 if (fstat(tap_fd, &st) < 0) {
1231 } else if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
1232 dname = fdevname(tap_fd);
1234 dname = strstr(dname, "tap");
1237 * Bring up the corresponding tap(4) interface
1239 *tap_unit = strtol(dname + 3, NULL, 10);
1240 printf("TAP UNIT %d\n", *tap_unit);
1241 if (netif_set_tapflags(*tap_unit, IFF_UP, s) == 0)
1248 } else if (S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode)) {
1250 * Special socket connection (typically to vknet). We
1251 * do not have to do anything.
1259 warnx("%s is not a tap(4) device or socket", tap_dev);
1268 unix_connect(const char *path)
1270 struct sockaddr_un sunx;
1273 int sndbuf = 262144;
1276 snprintf(sunx.sun_path, sizeof(sunx.sun_path), "%s", path);
1277 len = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path[strlen(sunx.sun_path)]);
1278 ++len; /* include nul */
1279 sunx.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
1282 net_fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET, 0);
1285 if (connect(net_fd, (void *)&sunx, len) < 0) {
1289 setsockopt(net_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sndbuf, sizeof(sndbuf));
1290 if (fstat(net_fd, &st) == 0)
1291 printf("Network socket buffer: %d bytes\n", st.st_blksize);
1292 fcntl(net_fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
1298 #undef TAPDEV_OFLAGS
1301 * Following syntax is supported,
1302 * 1) x.x.x.x tap(4)'s address is x.x.x.x
1304 * 2) x.x.x.x/z tap(4)'s address is x.x.x.x
1305 * tap(4)'s netmask len is z
1307 * 3) x.x.x.x:y.y.y.y tap(4)'s address is x.x.x.x
1308 * pseudo netif's address is y.y.y.y
1310 * 4) x.x.x.x:y.y.y.y/z tap(4)'s address is x.x.x.x
1311 * pseudo netif's address is y.y.y.y
1312 * tap(4) and pseudo netif's netmask len are z
1314 * 5) bridgeX tap(4) will be added to bridgeX
1316 * 6) bridgeX:y.y.y.y tap(4) will be added to bridgeX
1317 * pseudo netif's address is y.y.y.y
1319 * 7) bridgeX:y.y.y.y/z tap(4) will be added to bridgeX
1320 * pseudo netif's address is y.y.y.y
1321 * pseudo netif's netmask len is z
1325 netif_init_tap(int tap_unit, in_addr_t *addr, in_addr_t *mask, int s)
1327 in_addr_t tap_addr, netmask, netif_addr;
1328 int next_netif_addr;
1329 char *tok, *masklen_str, *ifbridge;
1334 tok = strtok(NULL, ":/");
1337 * Nothing special, simply use tap(4) as backend
1342 if (inet_pton(AF_INET, tok, &tap_addr) > 0) {
1344 * tap(4)'s address is supplied
1349 * If there is next token, then it may be pseudo
1350 * netif's address or netmask len for tap(4)
1352 next_netif_addr = 0;
1355 * Not tap(4)'s address, assume it as a bridge(4)
1362 * If there is next token, then it must be pseudo
1365 next_netif_addr = 1;
1368 netmask = netif_addr = 0;
1370 tok = strtok(NULL, ":/");
1374 if (inet_pton(AF_INET, tok, &netif_addr) <= 0) {
1375 if (next_netif_addr) {
1376 warnx("Invalid pseudo netif address: %s", tok);
1382 * Current token is not address, then it must be netmask len
1387 * Current token is pseudo netif address, if there is next token
1388 * it must be netmask len
1390 masklen_str = strtok(NULL, "/");
1393 /* Calculate netmask */
1394 if (masklen_str != NULL) {
1397 masklen = strtoul(masklen_str, NULL, 10);
1398 if (masklen < 32 && masklen > 0) {
1399 netmask = htonl(~((1LL << (32 - masklen)) - 1)
1402 warnx("Invalid netmask len: %lu", masklen);
1407 /* Make sure there is no more token left */
1408 if (strtok(NULL, ":/") != NULL) {
1409 warnx("Invalid argument to '-I'");
1416 } else if (ifbridge == NULL) {
1417 /* Set tap(4) address/netmask */
1418 if (netif_set_tapaddr(tap_unit, tap_addr, netmask, s) < 0)
1421 /* Tie tap(4) to bridge(4) */
1422 if (netif_add_tap2brg(tap_unit, ifbridge, s) < 0)
1432 * NetifInfo[] will be filled for pseudo netif initialization.
1433 * NetifNum will be bumped to reflect the number of valid entries
1438 init_netif(char *netifExp[], int netifExpNum)
1443 if (netifExpNum == 0)
1446 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); /* for ioctl(SIOC) */
1450 for (i = 0; i < netifExpNum; ++i) {
1451 struct vknetif_info *info;
1452 in_addr_t netif_addr, netif_mask;
1453 int tap_fd, tap_unit;
1456 /* Extract MAC address if there is one */
1460 netif = strtok(netifExp[i], ":");
1461 if (netif == NULL) {
1462 warnx("Invalid argument to '-I'");
1467 * Open tap(4) device file and bring up the
1468 * corresponding interface
1470 tap_fd = netif_open_tap(netif, &tap_unit, s);
1475 * Initialize tap(4) and get address/netmask
1478 * NB: Rest part of netifExp[i] is passed
1479 * to netif_init_tap() implicitly.
1481 if (netif_init_tap(tap_unit, &netif_addr, &netif_mask, s) < 0) {
1483 * NB: Closing tap(4) device file will bring
1484 * down the corresponding interface
1490 info = &NetifInfo[NetifNum];
1491 bzero(info, sizeof(*info));
1492 info->tap_fd = tap_fd;
1493 info->tap_unit = tap_unit;
1494 info->netif_addr = netif_addr;
1495 info->netif_mask = netif_mask;
1497 * If tmp isn't NULL it means a MAC could have been
1498 * specified so attempt to convert it.
1499 * Setting enaddr to NULL will tell vke_attach() we
1500 * need a pseudo-random MAC address.
1503 if ((info->enaddr = malloc(ETHER_ADDR_LEN)) == NULL)
1504 warnx("Couldn't allocate memory for the operation");
1506 if ((kether_aton(tmp, info->enaddr)) == NULL) {
1508 info->enaddr = NULL;
1514 if (NetifNum >= VKNETIF_MAX) /* XXX will this happen? */
1521 * Create the pid file and leave it open and locked while the vkernel is
1522 * running. This allows a script to use /usr/bin/lockf to probe whether
1523 * a vkernel is still running (so as not to accidently kill an unrelated
1524 * process from a stale pid file).
1533 if (pid_file != NULL) {
1534 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld\n", (long)getpid());
1535 fd = open(pid_file, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXLOCK|O_NONBLOCK, 0666);
1537 if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
1538 perror("Failed to lock pidfile, "
1539 "vkernel already running");
1541 perror("Failed to create pidfile");
1546 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
1547 /* leave the file open to maintain the lock */
1555 if (pid_file != NULL) {
1556 if (unlink(pid_file) < 0)
1557 perror("Warning: couldn't remove pidfile");
1563 usage_err(const char *ctl, ...)
1568 vfprintf(stderr, ctl, va);
1570 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1576 usage_help(_Bool help)
1578 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-hsUvdt] [-c file] [-e name=value:name=value:...]\n"
1579 "\t[-i file] [-I interface[:address1[:address2][/netmask]]] [-l cpulock]\n"
1580 "\t[-m size] [-n numcpus[:lbits[:cbits]]]\n"
1581 "\t[-p file] [-r file]\n", save_av[0]);
1584 fprintf(stderr, "\nArguments:\n"
1585 "\t-c\tSpecify a readonly CD-ROM image file to be used by the kernel.\n"
1586 "\t-e\tSpecify an environment to be used by the kernel.\n"
1587 "\t-h\tThis list of options.\n"
1588 "\t-i\tSpecify a memory image file to be used by the virtual kernel.\n"
1589 "\t-I\tCreate a virtual network device.\n"
1590 "\t-l\tSpecify which, if any, real CPUs to lock virtual CPUs to.\n"
1591 "\t-m\tSpecify the amount of memory to be used by the kernel in bytes.\n"
1592 "\t-n\tSpecify the number of CPUs and the topology you wish to emulate:\n"
1593 "\t\t\tnumcpus - number of cpus\n"
1594 "\t\t\tlbits - specify the number of bits within APICID(=CPUID)\n"
1595 "\t\t\t needed for representing the logical ID.\n"
1596 "\t\t\t Controls the number of threads/core:\n"
1597 "\t\t\t (0 bits - 1 thread, 1 bit - 2 threads).\n"
1598 "\t\t\tcbits - specify the number of bits within APICID(=CPUID)\n"
1599 "\t\t\t needed for representing the core ID.\n"
1600 "\t\t\t Controls the number of cores/package:\n"
1601 "\t\t\t (0 bits - 1 core, 1 bit - 2 cores).\n"
1602 "\t-p\tSpecify a file in which to store the process ID.\n"
1603 "\t-r\tSpecify a R/W disk image file, iterates vkd0..n\n"
1604 "\t-R\tSpecify a COW disk image file, iterates vkd0..n\n"
1605 "\t-s\tBoot into single-user mode.\n"
1606 "\t-t\tUse a precise host timer when calculating clock values.\n"
1607 "\t-U\tEnable writing to kernel memory and module loading.\n"
1608 "\t-v\tTurn on verbose booting.\n");
1614 cpu_smp_stopped(void)
1621 kprintf("cpu reset, rebooting vkernel\n");
1624 exit(EX_VKERNEL_REBOOT);
1630 kprintf("cpu halt, exiting vkernel\n");
1638 switch(lwp_cpu_lock) {
1641 kprintf("Locking CPU%d to real cpu %d\n",
1643 usched_set(getpid(), USCHED_SET_CPU, &next_cpu, sizeof(next_cpu));
1645 if (next_cpu >= real_ncpus)
1648 case LCL_SINGLE_CPU:
1650 kprintf("Locking CPU%d to real cpu %d\n",
1652 usched_set(getpid(), USCHED_SET_CPU, &next_cpu, sizeof(next_cpu));
1655 /* do not map virtual cpus to real cpus */
1661 * Allocate and free memory for module loading. The loaded module
1662 * has to be placed somewhere near the current kernel binary load
1663 * point or the relocations will not work.
1665 * I'm not sure why this isn't working.
1668 vkernel_module_memory_alloc(vm_offset_t *basep, size_t bytes)
1672 xtra = (PAGE_SIZE - (vm_offset_t)sbrk(0)) & PAGE_MASK;
1673 *basep = (vm_offset_t)sbrk(xtra + bytes) + xtra;
1674 bzero((void *)*basep, bytes);
1676 *basep = (vm_offset_t)mmap((void *)0x000000000, bytes,
1677 PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE|PROT_EXEC,
1678 MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED, -1, 0);
1679 if ((void *)*basep == MAP_FAILED)
1686 vkernel_module_memory_free(vm_offset_t base, size_t bytes)
1690 munmap((void *)base, bytes);