2 .\" Copyright (c) 2003 Søren Schmidt <sos@FreeBSD.org>
3 .\" All rights reserved.
5 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
10 .\" without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file.
11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 .\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15 .\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
17 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19 .\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20 .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21 .\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22 .\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23 .\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24 .\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25 .\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26 .\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
28 .\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man4/ata.4,v 1.72 2007/03/10 12:44:22 brueffer Exp $
39 .Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
41 For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
43 .Cd device nata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14
44 .Cd device nata1 at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15
46 For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support:
50 To support ATA compliant disk drives:
53 To support ATA software RAIDs:
56 To support ATAPI CDROM, DVD and CD/DVD burner drives:
59 To support ATAPI floppy drives:
62 To support ATAPI tape drives:
65 The following tunables are settable from the loader:
68 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
69 .It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
70 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
72 set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
74 can cause data loss on power failures and crashes.
79 driver provides access to ATA (IDE) and SerialATA disk drives,
80 ATAPI CDROM/DVD drives, ZIP/LS120 ATAPI drives and ATAPI tape drives
81 connected to controllers according to the ATA/ATAPI standards.
83 The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are:
85 .Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact
87 ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R.
89 M5229, M5281, M5287, M5288, M5289.
91 AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111.
93 IXP200, IXP300, IXP400.
95 CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649.
101 HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374.
103 6300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9.
107 JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368.
109 88SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6081, 88SX6101, 88SX6141.
115 nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4.
117 PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270, PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375, PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580, PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519, PDC40718, PDC40719.
119 HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8.
121 SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512.
123 SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630, SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962, SIS963, SIS964, SIS965.
125 VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686, VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237, VT8237A, VT8251.
128 Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard
129 busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is
130 also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is
131 not known what the chipset can do and how to program it.
135 driver can change the transfer mode and various other parameters
136 when the system is up and running.
142 driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default.
145 driver sometimes warns:
146 .Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device".
149 driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present
150 or could not be detected properly, or that one of the devices on the
151 channel only accepts up to UDMA2/ATA33.
153 Unknown ATAPI devices are initialized to DMA mode if the
155 tunable is set to 1 and they support at least UDMA33 transfers.
156 Otherwise they are set to PIO mode because severe DMA problems are
157 common even if the device capabilities indicate support.
158 You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
160 but be aware that your hardware might
162 support it and can potentially
164 the entire system causing data loss.
166 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /sys/config/GENERIC" -compact
168 ATA disk device nodes
170 ATA RAID device nodes
172 ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
174 ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
176 ATAPI tape drive device nodes
177 .It Pa /sys/config/GENERIC
178 sample generic kernel config file for
183 Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you
185 use 80 conductor cables.
186 Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm.
187 In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the quality of the cables.
188 SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification.
190 Static device numbering (enabled with the
192 kernel option) reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
193 even when not present.
194 This is useful in hotswap scenarios where disks should always show up
195 as the same numbered device, and not depend on attach order.
197 Native Command Queuing (NCQ) on SATA drives is not yet supported.
208 driver first appeared in
210 A later version was imported into
216 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .