1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
6 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
9 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
11 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
12 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
13 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
15 ###############################################################################
19 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
20 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
21 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
22 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
23 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
24 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
25 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
26 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
27 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
28 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
30 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
31 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
32 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
34 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
35 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
36 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
37 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
38 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
39 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
41 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
42 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
43 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
44 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
45 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
47 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
48 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
49 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
50 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
51 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
52 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
53 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
54 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
55 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
56 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
58 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
59 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
61 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
62 # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
63 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
64 # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
66 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
67 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
68 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
69 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
71 # From Arthur David Olson:
72 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
73 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
74 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
76 # From Arthur David Olson:
77 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
78 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
80 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
81 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
82 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
83 # An AltaVista search turned up:
84 # http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
85 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
86 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
87 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
89 # From Joseph Gallant citing
90 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
91 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
92 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
93 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
94 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
95 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
96 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
97 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
99 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
100 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
102 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
103 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
104 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
105 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
106 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
109 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
110 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
111 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
112 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
114 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
116 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
117 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
118 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
119 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
120 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
122 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
123 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
124 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
125 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
126 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
127 Rule US 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
128 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
129 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
130 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
133 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
134 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
135 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
137 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
138 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
139 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
140 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
141 # this time zone package.
142 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
143 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
144 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
145 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
146 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
148 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
151 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
152 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
153 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
154 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
155 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
157 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
158 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
160 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
161 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
162 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
163 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
165 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
166 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
167 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
169 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
170 # The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time.
171 # I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
173 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
174 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
175 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
176 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
177 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
178 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
179 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
180 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
181 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
182 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
183 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
184 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
185 # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
186 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
187 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
189 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
190 # The above dates are for 1988.
191 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
192 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
195 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
196 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
197 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
198 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
199 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
201 # United States standard eastern time
202 # United States standard mountain time
203 # United States standard central time
204 # United States standard Pacific time
206 # United States standard Alaska time
208 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
209 # public law 98-181):
210 # Atlantic standard time
211 # eastern standard time
212 # central standard time
213 # mountain standard time
214 # Pacific standard time
215 # Yukon standard time
216 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
217 # Bering standard time
218 # And after 1983-11-30:
219 # Atlantic standard time
220 # eastern standard time
221 # central standard time
222 # mountain standard time
223 # Pacific standard time
224 # Alaska standard time
225 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
226 # Samoa standard time
227 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
229 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
230 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
231 # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. See the file "australasia".
233 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
234 # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
235 # standard and daylight times. See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
236 # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
237 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
239 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
240 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
242 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
243 # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
244 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
245 # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
246 # Sunday of March"; and
247 # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
248 # Sunday of November'.
249 # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
250 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
251 # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
252 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
253 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
255 # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
256 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
257 # Department study is complete.
259 # US eastern time, represented by New York
261 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
262 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
263 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
264 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
265 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
266 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
268 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
269 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
270 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
271 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
272 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
273 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
275 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
276 # According to today's Huntsville Times
277 # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
278 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
279 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
280 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
281 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
282 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
285 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
286 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
287 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
288 # Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. Round to the
291 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
292 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
293 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
294 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
295 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
296 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
297 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
298 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
305 # US central time, represented by Chicago
307 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
308 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
309 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
310 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
311 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
312 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
313 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
314 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
316 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
317 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
318 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
319 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
320 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
321 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
323 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
324 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
325 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
326 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
328 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
329 # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
330 # the rest of Stanley County. Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
331 # uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
332 # Pierre so it simplifies schedules. I have lived in Stanley County
333 # all my life and it has been that way since I can remember. (43 years!)
335 # From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
336 # Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
338 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
339 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
340 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
341 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
342 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
343 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
344 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
345 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
346 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
348 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
349 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
350 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
352 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
354 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
355 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
356 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 2:00
358 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
359 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
360 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
361 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
362 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
363 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
364 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
365 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
366 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 2:00
369 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
370 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
371 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
372 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
373 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
374 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
376 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
377 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
378 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
379 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
380 # at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
383 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
384 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
387 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
389 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
390 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
391 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
392 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
393 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
395 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
396 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
397 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
398 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
399 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
400 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
401 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
402 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
404 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
406 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
409 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
411 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
412 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
413 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
414 # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
415 # Malheur county), and Washington
417 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
418 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
419 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
420 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
421 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
422 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
423 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
424 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
430 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
432 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
433 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
434 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
435 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
436 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
437 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
438 # the Julian calendar.
440 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
441 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
442 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
443 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
444 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
445 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
447 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
448 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
449 # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
450 # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
451 # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
452 # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
454 # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
455 # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
456 # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
457 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
459 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
460 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
462 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
463 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
464 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
467 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
468 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
469 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
471 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
472 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
474 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
475 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
477 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
480 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
481 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
482 # Community office (using contact information available at
483 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
484 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
485 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
486 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
487 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
488 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
490 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
491 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
492 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
494 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
495 # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
496 # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
497 # between AKST and AKDT from now on....
498 # http://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
500 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
501 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
502 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
506 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
507 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
508 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
509 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
511 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
512 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
516 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
517 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
519 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
520 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
524 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
525 -8:00 - PST 2015 Nov 1 2:00
527 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
528 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
532 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
534 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
535 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
537 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
538 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
539 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
541 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
542 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
544 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
545 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
548 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
550 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
551 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
553 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
554 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
557 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
559 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
560 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
562 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
564 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
565 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
566 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
568 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
569 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
570 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
571 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
572 # possibly until 1983:
574 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
575 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
576 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
577 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
578 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
579 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
580 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
581 # three votes for and one against."
585 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
586 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
587 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
588 # the article is available at
589 # http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
590 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
591 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
592 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
593 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
594 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
595 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
596 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
597 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
598 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
599 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
600 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
602 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
603 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
604 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
605 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
606 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
607 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
608 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
609 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
610 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
611 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
612 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
613 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
614 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
615 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
617 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
618 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
620 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
621 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00
622 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
623 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00
624 -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 9 2:00
625 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
626 -10:30 - HST 1947 Jun 8 2:00
628 Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
630 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
632 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
634 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
636 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
637 # Daylight Saving Time web page
638 # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
639 # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
640 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
641 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
642 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
643 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
644 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
645 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
646 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
647 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
648 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
650 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
651 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
653 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
654 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
655 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 0:01
656 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 0:01
657 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 0:01
659 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
661 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
662 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
663 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
664 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
665 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
666 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
668 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
669 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
671 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
672 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
673 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
674 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
675 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
676 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
677 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
679 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
680 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
681 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
683 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
688 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
689 # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
691 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
692 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
693 # with the following exceptions:
695 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
696 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
698 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
700 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
701 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
703 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
704 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
706 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
707 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
708 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
709 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
711 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
712 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
713 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
715 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
716 # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
717 # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
718 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
719 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
720 # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
721 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
722 # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
723 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent
724 # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
726 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
727 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
728 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
729 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
731 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
732 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
733 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
734 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
735 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
736 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
738 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
740 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
741 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
742 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
748 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
749 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
750 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
751 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
752 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
753 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
754 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
755 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
756 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
758 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
760 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
761 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
766 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
767 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
769 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
770 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
771 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
772 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
773 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
774 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
775 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
776 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
777 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
778 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
779 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
780 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
782 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
785 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
786 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
789 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
790 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
791 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
792 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
793 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
794 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
795 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
796 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
797 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
798 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
799 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
800 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
801 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
803 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
806 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
809 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
810 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
811 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
812 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
813 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
814 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
815 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
816 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
817 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
819 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
820 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
821 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
822 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
823 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
826 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
827 # then switched back in 2006.
828 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
829 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
830 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
832 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
833 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
834 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
835 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
836 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
837 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
838 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
839 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
841 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
842 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
843 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
844 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
847 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
848 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
849 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
850 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
851 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
852 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
853 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
854 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
855 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
857 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
860 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
861 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
864 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
865 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
866 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
867 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
873 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
874 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
875 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
876 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
877 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
878 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
879 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
880 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
881 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
882 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
883 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
884 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
886 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
888 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
890 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
891 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
894 # Wayne County, Kentucky
896 # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
897 # http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
898 # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
899 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
900 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
901 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
902 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
903 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
904 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
905 # location in the Central time zone.
907 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
908 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
909 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
910 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
911 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
913 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
914 # The final rule was published in the
915 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
916 # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22
918 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
921 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
925 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
926 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
927 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
928 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
929 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
930 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
931 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
932 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
934 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
935 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
936 # so omit that change for now.
937 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
938 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
939 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
940 # 1999-10-31. See the
941 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
942 # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15
943 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
944 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
945 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
949 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
950 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
952 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
953 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
954 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
957 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
958 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
959 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
960 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
961 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
962 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
965 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
967 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
968 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
969 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
970 # info, so omit this for now.
972 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
973 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
974 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
975 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
976 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
977 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
978 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
979 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
980 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
983 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
985 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
988 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
989 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
990 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
991 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
992 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
993 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
994 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
995 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
996 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
998 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
999 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
1003 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1004 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1005 # also claimed by Haiti
1006 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1007 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1008 # currently uninhabited
1009 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1010 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1011 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1013 ################################################################################
1016 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
1018 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1019 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1020 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1021 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1023 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
1024 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
1025 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1026 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1027 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
1028 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1030 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1032 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1033 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1034 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1036 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1037 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1040 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1041 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1043 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1047 # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1048 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1049 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1051 # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time
1052 # offset French English French English
1056 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1057 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1058 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1059 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1060 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1063 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1064 # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time
1066 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1067 # C: du Centre Central
1068 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1071 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1076 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1077 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1079 # Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1082 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1084 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1085 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1086 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1087 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1090 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1091 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1093 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1094 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1095 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1097 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1098 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1099 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1101 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1102 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1103 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1104 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1106 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1107 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1109 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1110 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1113 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1115 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1116 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1117 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1118 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1120 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1123 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1124 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1126 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1127 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1128 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1129 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1130 # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1131 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1133 # National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1134 # http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1135 # http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1136 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1138 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1139 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1142 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1143 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1144 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1145 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1146 # The quote includes these two statements:
1147 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1148 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1149 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1150 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1151 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1153 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1154 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1155 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1157 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1158 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1159 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1160 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1161 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1162 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1163 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1164 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1165 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1166 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1167 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1170 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1172 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1173 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1174 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1175 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1176 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1178 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1179 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1180 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1181 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1182 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1183 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1184 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1185 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1186 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1187 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1189 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1190 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1191 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1192 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1193 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1194 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1195 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1196 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1197 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1198 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1199 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1200 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1201 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1202 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1203 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1205 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1206 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1207 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1208 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1209 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1210 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1212 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1214 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1215 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1217 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1219 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1220 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1221 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1222 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1223 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1224 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1226 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1227 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1228 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1229 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1230 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1231 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1232 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1233 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1234 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1237 # most of east Labrador
1239 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1240 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1241 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1243 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1244 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1246 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1247 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1248 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1249 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1253 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1255 # From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1256 # From the historical weather station records available at:
1257 # https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1258 # Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1259 # likely to be the same across the island....
1260 # Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1261 # have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1263 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1264 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1265 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1266 # the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1267 # (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1268 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1269 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1272 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1273 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1274 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1275 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1276 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1277 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1278 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1279 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1280 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1281 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1282 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1283 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1284 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1285 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1286 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1287 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1288 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1289 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1290 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1291 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1292 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1293 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1294 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1295 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1296 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1297 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1298 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1299 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1300 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1301 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1302 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1303 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1304 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1305 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1306 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1307 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1308 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1309 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1310 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1311 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1312 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1313 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1314 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1315 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1316 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1317 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1318 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1319 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1320 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1322 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1323 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1324 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1326 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1331 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1332 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1333 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1334 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1335 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1336 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1338 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1339 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1340 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1341 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1342 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1343 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1344 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1345 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1346 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1347 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1348 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1349 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1350 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1351 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1352 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1353 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1354 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1355 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1356 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1357 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1358 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1359 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1360 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1365 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1366 # See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1368 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1369 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1370 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1371 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1372 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1373 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1374 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1375 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1376 # http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1377 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1378 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1379 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1381 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1382 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1383 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1388 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1389 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1391 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1392 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1393 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1394 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1396 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1397 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1398 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1399 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1400 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1401 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1402 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1403 # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1404 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1407 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1409 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1410 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1411 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1412 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1413 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1414 # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1415 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1416 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1417 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1419 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1420 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1421 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1422 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1423 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1425 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1426 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1427 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1429 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1430 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1431 # the other half on eastern time.
1433 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1435 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1436 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1437 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1439 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1440 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1442 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1443 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1444 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1445 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1446 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1448 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1449 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1450 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1451 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1452 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1453 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1454 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1455 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1457 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1459 # Currently the database has:
1463 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1464 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1466 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1467 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1468 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1470 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1471 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1472 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1474 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1475 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1477 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1479 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1480 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1482 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1484 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1485 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1487 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1489 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1490 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1491 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1493 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1495 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1497 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1498 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1499 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1500 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1501 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1502 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1504 # Province Daylight saving time used
1505 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1506 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1507 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1508 # Quebec In the following places:
1512 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine
1513 # Verdun Loretteville
1514 # Westmount Richmond
1515 # Outremont St. Jérôme
1516 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1518 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1519 # Melbourne La Tuque
1520 # St. Théophile Buckingham
1521 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1522 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1523 # used in the northwesterly part.
1524 # Manitoba Not used.
1525 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1527 # British Columbia Not used.
1529 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1530 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1532 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1533 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1534 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1535 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1536 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1537 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1538 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1539 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1540 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1542 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1543 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1544 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1545 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1546 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1547 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1548 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1549 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1550 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1551 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1552 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1553 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1554 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1555 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1556 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1557 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1558 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1559 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1560 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1561 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1562 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1563 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1564 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1565 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1566 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1567 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1568 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1569 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1571 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1572 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1573 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1574 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1575 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1577 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1578 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1579 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1580 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1581 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1582 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1583 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1584 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1585 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1586 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1587 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1589 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1590 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1591 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1592 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1593 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1594 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1596 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1599 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1600 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1603 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1604 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1605 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1607 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1608 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1609 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1611 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1612 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1613 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1614 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1620 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1621 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1622 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1623 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1624 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1625 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1626 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1627 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1628 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1629 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1630 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1631 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1632 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1634 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1635 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1636 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1637 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1639 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1640 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1641 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1642 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1643 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1644 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1645 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1646 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1647 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1648 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1649 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1650 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1651 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1652 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1653 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1654 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1655 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1656 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1657 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1658 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1659 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1660 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1661 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1662 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1663 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1664 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1665 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1666 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1672 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1673 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1674 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1675 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1676 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1677 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1678 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1679 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1682 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1683 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1684 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1686 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1687 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1688 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1689 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1690 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1691 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1693 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1694 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1695 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1696 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1697 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1699 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1700 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1701 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1702 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1704 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1705 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1706 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1707 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1708 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1709 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1710 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1712 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1713 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1714 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1715 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1716 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1717 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1719 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1720 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1721 # long and rather painful to read.
1722 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1724 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1725 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1726 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1727 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1728 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1729 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1730 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1731 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1732 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1733 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1734 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1735 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1736 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1737 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1738 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1739 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1740 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1741 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1743 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1744 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1745 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1746 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1747 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1748 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1749 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1750 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1752 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1753 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1754 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1755 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1761 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1762 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1763 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1764 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1765 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1766 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1767 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1768 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1769 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1770 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1771 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1772 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1773 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1774 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1775 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1776 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1777 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1778 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1779 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1780 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1787 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1788 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1789 # been like Vancouver.
1790 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1791 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1793 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1795 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1796 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1797 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1798 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1799 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1800 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1802 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1803 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1804 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1805 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1806 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1807 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
1808 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1810 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1811 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1812 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1813 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
1814 # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1815 # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1816 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1818 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1819 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1820 # Exact date unknown
1821 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1822 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1823 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1824 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1826 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1827 # Creston did not change its clocks.
1829 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1830 # Creston did not oblige.
1832 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1834 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1835 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1837 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1838 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1839 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1840 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1841 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1842 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1844 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1846 # From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1847 # Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year. So while previously they
1848 # were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1849 # America/Dawson_Creek.
1850 # http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1852 # From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1853 # This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1854 # America/Fort_Nelson. The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1855 # 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support. Effectively, the municipality has
1856 # been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1859 # From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
1860 # Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1862 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1863 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1864 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1865 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1866 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1867 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1868 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1869 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1870 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1871 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1872 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1873 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1874 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1876 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1877 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1878 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1880 Zone America/Fort_Nelson -8:10:47 - LMT 1884
1881 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1946
1883 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1884 -8:00 Canada P%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
1886 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
1887 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
1888 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
1891 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1893 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1894 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1895 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1896 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1897 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
1898 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1899 # [http://canlii.ca/t/7vhg]
1900 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1901 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1902 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1904 # From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
1906 # I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
1907 # regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
1908 # and relevant quote if available. Each regulation specifically revokes its
1909 # predecessor. The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
1910 # authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
1912 # Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
1913 # index, and only some via Canadian legal sources. Other sources used include
1914 # articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
1915 # Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
1916 # 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
1917 # and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
1918 # standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
1919 # with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
1920 # and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
1921 # and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
1922 # another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
1924 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
1925 # pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
1926 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
1927 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
1928 # Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
1929 # thirty-fifth meridian.
1931 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
1932 # JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
1933 # (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
1934 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
1936 # (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
1937 # hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
1939 # (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
1940 # varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
1942 # * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
1943 # http://? - no online source found
1945 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
1946 # Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
1947 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
1948 # Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
1950 # 1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
1951 # Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
1953 # 2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
1954 # Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
1955 # 1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
1956 # is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
1957 # Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
1959 # 3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
1960 # longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
1961 # hours behind Greenwich Time.
1963 # * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
1964 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
1965 # C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
1967 # 1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
1970 # 2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
1971 # Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
1972 # shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
1973 # to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
1975 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
1976 # http://? - no online source found
1978 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
1979 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
1980 # O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
1982 # In every year between
1983 # (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
1984 # (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
1985 # Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
1986 # called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
1988 # Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
1990 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
1991 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
1992 # O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
1994 # 1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
1995 # behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
1996 # in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
1997 # in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
1998 # Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2000 # 2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2002 # 3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2004 # * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2005 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2007 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2008 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2009 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2010 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2012 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2013 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2014 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2016 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2017 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
2018 # http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2019 # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2020 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
2021 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2023 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2024 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2025 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
2027 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2029 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2030 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2032 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2034 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2036 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2037 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2038 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2039 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2040 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2041 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2042 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2043 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2044 # the current state of affairs.
2046 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2047 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2048 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2049 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2050 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2051 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
2052 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2054 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2055 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2056 # for these potential new Zones.
2058 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2059 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2060 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2061 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2062 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2063 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2064 # required to use daylight savings.
2066 # From <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2067 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2068 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2069 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2070 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2071 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2072 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2073 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
2074 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2075 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2076 # unified time zone in 1999.
2078 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2079 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2081 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2082 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2084 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2085 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2086 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2087 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
2088 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2089 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
2090 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2092 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2094 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2096 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2097 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2098 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2099 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2100 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2101 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2102 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2104 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2105 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2106 # daylight saving only during wartime. Gwillim Law's email also
2107 # mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2108 # see above for an up-to-date link.
2110 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2111 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2112 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2113 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2114 # daylight saving....
2115 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2117 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2118 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2119 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2120 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2121 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2123 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2124 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2126 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2127 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2128 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2129 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2130 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2131 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2132 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2133 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2134 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2136 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2137 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2138 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2139 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2140 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2141 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2142 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2144 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2145 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2146 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2147 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2148 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2149 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2151 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2152 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2153 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2154 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2155 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2157 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2159 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2160 # Eastern Standard Time.
2162 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2163 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2164 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2165 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2167 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2169 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2170 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2171 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2172 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2174 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2175 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2176 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2177 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2179 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2180 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2181 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2182 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2183 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2184 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2185 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2186 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2187 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2188 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2189 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2190 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2191 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2192 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2194 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - -00 1921 # trading post est.
2195 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2196 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2197 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2199 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2200 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - -00 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2201 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2202 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2205 Zone America/Resolute 0 - -00 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2206 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2207 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2208 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2209 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2212 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - -00 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2213 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2214 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2216 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2217 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - -00 1920 # trading post est.?
2218 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2219 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2220 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2221 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2223 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - -00 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2224 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2226 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - -00 1953 # Inuvik founded
2227 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2228 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2230 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2231 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1967 May 28 0:00
2232 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2234 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2235 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2236 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2240 ###############################################################################
2244 # From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2245 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2246 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2247 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2248 # http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2250 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2251 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2252 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2253 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2254 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2255 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2257 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2258 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2259 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2260 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2261 # the relevant documents.
2263 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2264 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2265 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2267 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2269 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2270 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2272 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2273 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2274 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2275 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2277 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2278 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2283 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2288 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2290 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2291 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2292 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2293 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2294 # http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2296 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2297 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2298 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2300 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2301 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2302 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2303 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2304 # Arizona year round.
2306 # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2307 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2308 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2309 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2310 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2313 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2314 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2316 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2317 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2319 # http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2320 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2321 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2323 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2324 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2325 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2326 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2327 # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2328 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2329 # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2330 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2332 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2333 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2334 # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2335 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2337 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2339 # http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2340 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2341 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2342 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2343 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2344 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2345 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2346 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2348 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2350 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2351 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2352 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2353 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2354 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2355 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2356 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2357 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2358 # September 30, 2001.
2359 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2360 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2362 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2363 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2364 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2365 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2366 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2367 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2368 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2369 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2371 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2372 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2373 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2374 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2375 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2377 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2379 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2380 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2381 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2382 # > the United States.
2383 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2384 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2385 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2386 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2389 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2390 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2391 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2393 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2394 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2397 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2399 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2401 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2402 # includes this text:
2403 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2404 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2405 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2406 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2407 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2408 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2409 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2410 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2411 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2412 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2413 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2414 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2415 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2417 # From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2418 # The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2420 # http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2421 # "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2422 # of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2423 # end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2424 # was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2425 # zone along with the rest of the country."
2427 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2428 # http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2429 # "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2430 # of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2432 # Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2434 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2435 # The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2436 # been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2437 # http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2438 # It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2439 # 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2440 # includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2441 # 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2442 # states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2443 # de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2444 # 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2445 # state of Baja California.
2446 # 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2448 # 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2449 # longitude they are located at.
2451 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2452 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2453 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2454 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2455 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2456 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2457 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2458 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2459 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2460 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2461 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2462 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2463 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2464 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2465 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2466 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2467 # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2468 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2469 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2470 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2471 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2015 Feb 1 2:00
2473 # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2474 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2475 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2476 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2478 # Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2479 # This includes the following municipalities:
2480 # in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2481 # Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2482 # in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2483 # in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2484 # Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2485 # See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2487 # http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2488 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2491 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2493 # Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2494 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2499 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2500 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2501 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2502 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2503 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2504 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2505 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 2:00
2506 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2508 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2509 # This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2510 # Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2511 # (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2512 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2513 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2514 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2515 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2516 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2517 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2519 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2520 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2521 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2523 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2524 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2525 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2526 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2527 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2528 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2529 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2531 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2532 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2535 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2536 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2537 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2538 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2539 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2540 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2541 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2542 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2544 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2547 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2548 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2549 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2550 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2553 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2554 # país, a partir de este domingo
2555 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2557 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2559 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2562 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2563 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2564 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2566 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2567 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2569 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2571 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2572 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2575 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2576 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2577 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2578 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2579 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2580 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2581 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2582 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2587 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2588 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2589 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2590 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2591 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2592 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2593 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2594 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2596 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2600 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2602 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2603 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2604 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2605 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2606 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2607 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2608 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2609 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2610 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2615 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2616 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2617 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2619 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2620 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2621 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2622 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2623 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2624 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2625 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2626 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2627 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2628 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2629 # name or contents should be.
2631 # From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2632 # Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2633 # have come from a misreading of
2634 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2635 # It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2641 ###############################################################################
2644 # Antigua and Barbuda
2645 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2649 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2651 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2652 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2653 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2654 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2656 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2657 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2658 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2659 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2660 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2661 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2666 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2668 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2669 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2670 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2671 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2672 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2673 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2674 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2675 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2676 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2680 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2681 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2682 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
2683 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
2684 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
2685 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
2686 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
2687 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
2688 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2689 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2694 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2695 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2697 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2699 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2700 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2701 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2702 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2703 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2705 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2706 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2707 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2708 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2712 # See America/Panama.
2716 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2718 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2719 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2720 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2721 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2722 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2723 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2724 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2725 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2726 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2727 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2728 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
2729 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2732 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2736 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2737 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2738 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2739 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2741 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2742 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2743 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2744 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2745 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2746 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2747 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2748 # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2749 # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2750 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2752 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2753 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2754 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2755 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2757 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2758 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2759 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2760 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2761 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2762 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2763 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2764 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2766 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2767 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2768 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2769 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2771 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2772 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2773 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2774 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2775 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2776 # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2777 # to the normal schedule....
2779 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2780 # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2781 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2782 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2783 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2785 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2786 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2787 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2789 # He supplied these references:
2791 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2792 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2794 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2795 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2797 # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2798 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2800 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2802 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2803 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2804 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2805 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2806 # a Cuban information station, and heard
2807 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2808 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2810 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2811 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2812 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2813 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2815 # Some more background information is posted here:
2816 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2818 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2819 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2820 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2821 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2822 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2823 # change some historic records as well.
2826 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2828 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2829 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2830 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2831 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2833 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2834 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2836 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2837 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2839 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2840 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2841 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2842 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2844 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2847 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2848 # I listened over the Internet to
2849 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2850 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2851 # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2852 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2854 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2855 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2856 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2860 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2863 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2865 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2866 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2867 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2869 # One source (Spanish)
2870 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2873 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2875 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2876 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2879 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2880 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2883 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2885 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
2886 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
2887 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
2888 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
2889 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
2890 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
2892 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2893 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2894 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2895 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2896 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2897 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2898 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2899 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2900 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2901 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2902 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2903 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2904 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2905 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2906 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2907 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2908 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2909 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2910 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2911 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2912 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2913 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2914 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2915 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2916 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2917 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2918 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2919 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2920 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2921 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2922 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2923 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2924 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2925 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2926 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2927 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2928 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
2929 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
2930 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
2931 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2933 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2934 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2935 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2939 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2941 # Dominican Republic
2943 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2944 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
2945 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
2946 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
2948 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2949 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
2951 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
2952 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
2953 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
2954 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
2955 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
2956 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
2957 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
2958 # decided to revert.
2961 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2962 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
2963 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
2964 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
2965 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
2966 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
2967 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
2968 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2969 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
2970 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
2971 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
2972 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2973 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 1:00
2978 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2979 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2980 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2981 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
2982 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
2983 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2984 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
2990 # St Martin (French part)
2991 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2995 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
2996 # Diario Co Latino, at
2997 # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
2998 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
2999 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3000 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
3001 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3002 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3003 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3004 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
3005 # http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3007 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3008 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
3009 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
3010 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
3011 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
3012 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
3013 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
3014 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
3015 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
3016 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3017 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
3021 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3022 # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3023 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3024 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3025 # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says:
3027 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3028 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3029 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3030 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3031 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3033 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3034 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3035 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3038 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3040 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3041 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3042 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3043 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3044 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3046 # I have found this article about it (in French):
3047 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3049 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3051 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3052 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3054 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3055 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3056 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3057 # So this means they have already changed their time.
3059 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3060 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3062 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3063 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3064 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3065 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3067 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3068 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3069 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3070 # are going to observe DST every year now...
3072 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3073 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3075 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3076 # Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3077 # are not going on DST this year. Several other resources confirm this: ...
3078 # http://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3079 # http://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3080 # http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3082 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3083 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
3084 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3085 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3086 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3088 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
3089 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
3090 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3091 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3092 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3093 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3094 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3095 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
3096 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3100 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3102 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3103 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3104 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3105 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
3106 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3107 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3109 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3110 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3111 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3112 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3114 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3115 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3116 # http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3117 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3119 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3120 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3121 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
3122 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3124 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3125 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3126 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3128 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3129 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3130 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3131 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3132 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
3133 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3134 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
3137 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3140 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3141 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3142 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3144 # Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3145 # Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3146 # Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US. Neita also writes that
3147 # Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3148 # (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3149 # and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3150 # Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia. See:
3151 # Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3152 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3154 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3155 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:11 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3156 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3162 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3163 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3164 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3165 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3166 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3170 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3174 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3176 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3177 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3178 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3179 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3180 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3181 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3182 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3183 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3184 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3186 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3187 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3188 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3190 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3191 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3192 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3193 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3194 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3195 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3196 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3197 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3198 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3199 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3201 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3202 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3203 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3206 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3207 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3208 # (my informal translation)
3209 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3210 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3211 # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3213 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3214 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3215 # My informal translation runs:
3216 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3217 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3219 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3220 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3221 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3222 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3223 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3224 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3225 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3226 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3227 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3228 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3229 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3230 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3231 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3232 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3238 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3239 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3240 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3242 Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3245 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3246 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3247 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3248 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3254 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3256 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3257 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3258 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3259 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3260 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3261 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
3264 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3265 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3269 # From Chris Dunn in
3270 # http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007
3271 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3272 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3273 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3275 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3276 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3277 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3278 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3279 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3280 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3281 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3283 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3284 # The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UTC-4 year-round. See:
3285 # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3286 # Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3287 # From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3288 # ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3289 # "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3290 # http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3292 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3293 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3294 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3296 -5:00 US E%sT 2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3301 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
projects / dragonfly.git / blob