1 .\" $OpenBSD: ssh-add.1,v 1.69 2019/01/21 12:53:35 djm Exp $
3 .\" Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4 .\" Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5 .\" All rights reserved
7 .\" As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
8 .\" can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this
9 .\" software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
10 .\" incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
11 .\" called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
14 .\" Copyright (c) 1999,2000 Markus Friedl. All rights reserved.
15 .\" Copyright (c) 1999 Aaron Campbell. All rights reserved.
16 .\" Copyright (c) 1999 Theo de Raadt. All rights reserved.
18 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
19 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
21 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
22 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
23 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
24 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
25 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
27 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
28 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
29 .\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
30 .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
31 .\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
32 .\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
33 .\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
34 .\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
35 .\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
36 .\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38 .Dd $Mdocdate: January 21 2019 $
43 .Nd adds private key identities to the authentication agent
47 .Op Fl E Ar fingerprint_hash
59 adds private key identities to the authentication agent,
61 When run without arguments, it adds the files
66 .Pa ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 .
67 After loading a private key,
69 will try to load corresponding certificate information from the
70 filename obtained by appending
72 to the name of the private key file.
73 Alternative file names can be given on the command line.
75 If any file requires a passphrase,
77 asks for the passphrase from the user.
78 The passphrase is read from the user's tty.
80 retries the last passphrase if multiple identity files are given.
82 The authentication agent must be running and the
84 environment variable must contain the name of its socket for
88 The options are as follows:
91 Indicates that added identities should be subject to confirmation before
92 being used for authentication.
93 Confirmation is performed by
95 Successful confirmation is signaled by a zero exit status from
97 rather than text entered into the requester.
99 Deletes all identities from the agent.
101 Instead of adding identities, removes identities from the agent.
104 has been run without arguments, the keys for the default identities and
105 their corresponding certificates will be removed.
106 Otherwise, the argument list will be interpreted as a list of paths to
107 public key files to specify keys and certificates to be removed from the agent.
108 If no public key is found at a given path,
113 .It Fl E Ar fingerprint_hash
114 Specifies the hash algorithm used when displaying key fingerprints.
122 Remove keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared library
125 When loading keys into or deleting keys from the agent, process plain private
126 keys only and skip certificates.
128 Lists public key parameters of all identities currently represented
131 Lists fingerprints of all identities currently represented by the agent.
133 Be quiet after a successful operation.
135 Add keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared library
137 .It Fl T Ar pubkey ...
138 Tests whether the private keys that correspond to the specified
140 files are usable by performing sign and verify operations on each.
142 Set a maximum lifetime when adding identities to an agent.
143 The lifetime may be specified in seconds or in a time format
150 to print debugging messages about its progress.
151 This is helpful in debugging problems.
154 options increase the verbosity.
159 Lock the agent with a password.
163 .It Ev "DISPLAY" and "SSH_ASKPASS"
166 needs a passphrase, it will read the passphrase from the current
167 terminal if it was run from a terminal.
170 does not have a terminal associated with it but
174 are set, it will execute the program specified by
178 and open an X11 window to read the passphrase.
179 This is particularly useful when calling
184 (Note that on some machines it
185 may be necessary to redirect the input from
189 Identifies the path of a
191 socket used to communicate with the agent.
196 Contains the DSA authentication identity of the user.
197 .It Pa ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
198 Contains the ECDSA authentication identity of the user.
199 .It Pa ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
200 Contains the Ed25519 authentication identity of the user.
202 Contains the RSA authentication identity of the user.
205 Identity files should not be readable by anyone but the user.
208 ignores identity files if they are accessible by others.
210 Exit status is 0 on success, 1 if the specified command fails,
213 is unable to contact the authentication agent.
221 OpenSSH is a derivative of the original and free
222 ssh 1.2.12 release by Tatu Ylonen.
223 Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos,
224 Theo de Raadt and Dug Song
225 removed many bugs, re-added newer features and
227 Markus Friedl contributed the support for SSH
228 protocol versions 1.5 and 2.0.