1 # @(#)northamerica 8.16
4 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
6 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
10 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
11 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
12 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
14 ###############################################################################
18 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
19 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
20 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
21 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
22 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
23 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
24 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
25 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
26 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
27 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
29 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
30 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
31 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
33 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
34 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
35 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
37 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
38 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
40 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
41 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
42 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
43 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
44 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
46 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
47 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
48 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
49 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
50 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
51 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
52 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
53 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
54 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
55 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
57 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
58 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
60 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
61 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
62 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
63 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
65 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
66 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
67 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
68 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
70 # From Arthur David Olson:
71 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
72 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
73 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
75 # From Arthur David Olson:
76 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
77 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
79 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
80 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
81 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
82 # An AltaVista search turned up
83 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
84 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
85 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
86 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
88 # From Joseph Gallant citing
89 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
90 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
91 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
92 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
93 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
94 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
95 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
96 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
98 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
99 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
101 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
102 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
103 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
104 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
105 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
108 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
109 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
110 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
111 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
113 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
115 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
116 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
117 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
118 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
119 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
121 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
122 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
123 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
124 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
125 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
126 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
127 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
128 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
129 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
130 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
133 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
134 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
136 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
137 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
138 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
139 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
140 # this time zone package.
141 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
142 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
143 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
144 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
145 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
147 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
150 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
151 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
152 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
153 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
154 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
156 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
157 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
159 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
160 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
161 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
162 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
164 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
165 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
166 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
168 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
169 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
170 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
172 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
173 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
174 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
175 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
176 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
177 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
178 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
179 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
180 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
181 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
182 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
183 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
184 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
185 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
186 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
188 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
189 # The above dates are for 1988.
190 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
191 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
194 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
195 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
196 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
197 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
198 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
200 # United States standard eastern time
201 # United States standard mountain time
202 # United States standard central time
203 # United States standard Pacific time
205 # United States standard Alaska time
207 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
208 # public law 98-181):
209 # Atlantic standard time
210 # eastern standard time
211 # central standard time
212 # mountain standard time
213 # Pacific standard time
214 # Yukon standard time
215 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
216 # Bering standard time
217 # And after 1983-11-30:
218 # Atlantic standard time
219 # eastern standard time
220 # central standard time
221 # mountain standard time
222 # Pacific standard time
223 # Alaska standard time
224 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
225 # Samoa standard time
226 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
228 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
229 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
230 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
231 # See the file "australasia".
233 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
234 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
236 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
237 # (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
238 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
239 # (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
240 # Sunday of March'; and
241 # (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
242 # Sunday of November'.
243 # (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
244 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
245 # (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
246 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
247 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
249 # (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
250 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
251 # Department study is complete.
253 # US eastern time, represented by New York
255 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
256 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
257 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
258 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
259 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
260 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
262 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
263 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
264 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
265 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
266 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
267 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
269 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
270 # According to today's Huntsville Times
271 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
272 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
273 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
274 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
275 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
276 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
279 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
280 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
281 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
282 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
283 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
284 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
285 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
286 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
293 # US central time, represented by Chicago
295 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
296 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
297 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
298 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
299 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
300 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
301 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
302 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
304 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
305 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
306 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
307 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
308 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
309 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
311 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
312 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
313 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
314 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
316 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
317 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
318 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
319 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
320 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
321 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
322 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
323 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
324 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
326 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
327 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
328 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
330 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
332 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
333 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
334 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
336 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
337 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
338 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
339 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
340 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
341 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
342 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
343 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
344 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00
347 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
349 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
350 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
351 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
352 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
353 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
355 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
356 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
357 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
358 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
359 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
360 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
361 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
362 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
364 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
366 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
369 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
371 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
372 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties),
373 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
375 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
376 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
377 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
378 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
379 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
380 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
381 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
382 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
388 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
390 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
391 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
392 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
393 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
394 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
395 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
396 # the Julian calendar.
398 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
399 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
400 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
401 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
402 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
403 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
405 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
406 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
407 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
411 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
412 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
414 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
415 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
419 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
421 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
422 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
424 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
425 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
426 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
428 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
429 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
431 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
432 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
435 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
437 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
438 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
440 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
441 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
444 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
446 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
447 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
449 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
451 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
452 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
453 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
455 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
456 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
457 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
458 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
459 # possibly until 1983:
461 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
462 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
463 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
464 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
465 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
466 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
467 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
468 # three votes for and one against."
472 # From Arthur David Olson:
473 # And then there's Hawaii.
474 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
475 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
476 # it's always standard as of 1986.
479 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
481 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
482 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
483 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
484 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
487 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
489 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
491 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
493 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
494 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
495 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
496 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
497 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
498 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
499 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
500 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
501 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
502 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
503 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
504 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
505 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
507 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
508 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
510 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
511 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
512 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
513 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
515 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
517 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
518 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
519 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
520 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
521 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
522 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
524 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
526 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
527 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
528 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
529 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
530 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties) and eastern Oregon
531 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
533 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
534 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
535 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
537 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
542 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
543 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
544 # What time is it in Indiana?
547 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
548 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
549 # with the following exceptions:
551 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
552 # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
554 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
556 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
557 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
559 # - Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, and Pulaski counties
560 # have been like America/Indiana/Vincennes.
562 # - Crawford, Pike, Starke, and Switzerland counties have their own time zone
563 # histories as noted below.
565 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
566 # and wrote ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
567 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
568 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
570 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
571 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
572 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
574 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
575 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
577 # From Nathan Stratton Treadway (2006-03-30):
578 # http://www.dot.gov/affairs/dot0406.htm [3705 B]
579 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2006-01-18):
580 # http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/382329_web.pdf [2.9 MB]
581 # From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
582 # It says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
583 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
584 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
585 # this rule is 2:OO a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
586 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
587 # Strictly speaking, this means the affected counties will change their
588 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously is in error. The intent
589 # is that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
591 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
592 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
593 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
594 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
596 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
597 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
598 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
599 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
600 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
601 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
603 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
605 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
606 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
607 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
613 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
614 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
615 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
616 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
617 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
618 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
619 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
620 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
621 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
623 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
625 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
626 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
631 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, and Perry Counties, Indiana,
632 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
633 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
634 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
635 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
636 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
637 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
638 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
639 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
640 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
641 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
642 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
643 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
644 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
646 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
649 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
652 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
653 # then switched back in 2006.
654 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
655 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
656 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
657 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
658 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
659 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
660 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
662 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
663 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
664 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
665 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
668 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
669 # then switched back in 2006.
670 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
671 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
672 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
674 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
675 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
676 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
677 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
678 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
679 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
680 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
681 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
683 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
684 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
685 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
686 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
689 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
690 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
691 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
692 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
693 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
694 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
695 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
696 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
697 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
699 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
702 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
703 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
706 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
707 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
708 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
709 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
715 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
716 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
717 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
718 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
719 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
720 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
721 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
722 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
723 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
724 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
725 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
726 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
728 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
730 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
732 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
733 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
736 # Wayne County, Kentucky
739 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
740 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
741 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
742 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
743 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
744 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
745 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
746 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
747 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
748 # location in the Central time zone.
750 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
751 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
752 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
753 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
754 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
756 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
757 # The final rule was published in the
758 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
759 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
762 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
765 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
769 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
770 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
771 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
772 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
773 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
774 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
775 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
776 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
778 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
779 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
780 # so omit that change for now.
781 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
782 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
783 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
784 # 1999-10-31. See the
785 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
786 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
788 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
789 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
790 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
794 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
795 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
797 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
798 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
799 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
802 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
803 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
804 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
805 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
806 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
807 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
810 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
812 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
813 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
814 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
815 # info, so omit this for now.
817 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
818 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
819 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
820 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
821 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
822 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
823 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
824 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
825 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
828 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
830 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
833 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
834 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
835 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
836 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
837 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
838 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
839 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
840 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
841 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
843 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
844 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
848 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
849 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
850 # also claimed by Haiti
851 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
852 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
853 # currently uninhabited
854 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
855 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
856 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
858 ################################################################################
861 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
862 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
863 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
864 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
866 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
867 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
868 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
869 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
870 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
872 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
873 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
875 # Other sources occasionally used include:
877 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
878 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
879 # which I found in the UCLA library.
881 # <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
882 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
885 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
889 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
890 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
891 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
893 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
894 # offset French English French English
905 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
906 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
908 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
909 # C: du Centre Central
910 # E: de l'Est Eastern
913 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
918 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
919 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
921 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
924 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
926 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
927 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
928 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
929 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
932 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
933 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
935 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
936 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
937 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
939 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
940 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
941 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
943 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
944 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
945 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
946 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
948 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
949 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
951 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
952 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
955 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
957 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
958 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
959 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
960 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
962 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
965 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
966 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
968 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
969 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
970 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
971 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
972 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
973 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
975 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
976 # href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
977 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
978 # </a> (updated periodically).
979 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
981 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
982 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
985 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
986 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
987 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
988 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
989 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
990 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
991 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
992 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
993 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
994 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
995 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
998 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1000 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1001 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1002 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1003 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1004 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1006 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1007 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1008 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1009 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1010 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1011 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1012 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1013 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1014 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1015 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1017 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1018 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1019 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1020 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1021 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1022 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1023 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1024 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1025 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1026 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1027 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1028 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1029 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1030 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1031 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1032 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1033 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1034 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1035 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1036 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1037 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1039 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1040 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1041 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1042 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1043 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1044 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1045 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1046 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1049 # most of east Labrador
1051 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
1052 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1053 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1055 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1056 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1058 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1059 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1060 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1064 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1066 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1067 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1068 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1069 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
1070 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1071 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1074 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1075 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1076 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1077 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1078 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1079 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1080 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1081 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1082 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1083 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1084 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1085 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1086 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1087 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1088 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1089 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1090 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1091 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1092 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1093 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1094 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1095 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1096 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1097 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1098 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1099 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1100 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1101 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1102 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1103 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1104 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1105 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1106 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1107 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1108 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1109 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1110 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1111 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1112 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1113 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1114 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1115 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1117 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1118 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1119 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1120 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1121 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1122 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1124 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1125 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1126 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1128 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1133 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1134 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1135 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1136 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1137 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1138 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1140 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1141 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1142 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1143 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1144 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1145 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1146 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1147 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1148 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1149 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1150 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1151 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1152 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1153 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1154 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1155 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1156 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1157 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1158 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1159 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1160 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1161 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1162 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1167 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1168 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Quebec has been
1171 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1172 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1173 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1174 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1175 # In "Official time in Quebec" the Quebec department of justice writes in
1176 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-regl-1-a.htm
1177 # that "The residents of the Municipality of the
1178 # Cote-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent and the municipalities of Saint-Augustin,
1179 # Bonne-Esperance and Blanc-Sablon apply the Official Time Act as it is
1180 # written and use Atlantic standard time all year round. The same applies to
1181 # the residents of the Native facilities along the lower North Shore."
1182 # <http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm>
1183 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1184 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1185 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1187 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1188 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1189 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1190 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1191 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1192 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1193 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1194 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1195 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1196 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1197 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1198 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1199 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1200 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1201 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1202 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1203 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1204 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1205 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1206 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1207 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1208 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1209 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1210 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1211 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1212 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1213 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1214 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1215 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1217 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1218 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1219 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1221 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1222 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1223 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1224 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1225 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1226 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1232 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1233 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1235 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1236 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1237 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1238 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1240 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1241 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1242 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1243 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1244 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1245 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1246 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1247 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1248 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1251 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1253 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1254 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1255 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1256 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1257 # He also writes that the
1258 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
1259 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1261 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1262 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1263 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1265 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1266 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1267 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1268 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1269 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1271 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1272 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1273 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1275 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1276 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1277 # the other half on eastern time.
1279 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1281 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1282 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1283 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1285 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1286 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1288 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1289 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1290 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1291 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1292 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1294 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1295 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1296 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1297 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1298 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1299 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1300 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1301 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1303 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1304 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1305 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1306 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1307 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1308 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1309 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1310 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1311 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1313 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1314 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1315 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1316 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1317 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1318 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1319 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1320 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1321 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1322 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1323 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1324 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1325 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1326 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1327 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1328 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1329 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1330 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1331 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1332 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1333 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1334 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1335 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1336 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1337 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1338 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1339 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1340 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1342 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1343 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1344 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1345 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1346 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1348 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1349 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1350 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1351 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1352 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1353 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1354 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1355 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1356 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1357 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1358 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1360 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1361 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1362 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1363 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1364 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1365 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1367 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1370 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1371 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
1374 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1375 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1376 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1378 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1379 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1380 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1382 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1383 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1384 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1385 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1391 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1392 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1393 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1394 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1395 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1396 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1397 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1398 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had =
1399 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1400 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1401 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1402 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1403 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1405 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1406 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1407 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1408 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1410 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1411 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1412 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1413 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1414 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1415 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1416 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1417 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1418 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1419 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1420 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1421 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1422 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1423 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1424 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1425 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1426 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1427 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1428 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1429 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1430 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1431 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1432 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1433 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1434 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1435 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1436 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1437 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1443 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1444 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1445 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1446 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1447 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1448 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1449 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1450 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1453 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1454 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1455 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1457 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1458 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1459 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1460 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1461 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1462 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1464 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1465 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1466 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1467 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1468 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1470 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1471 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1472 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1473 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1475 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1476 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1477 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1478 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1479 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1480 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1481 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1483 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1484 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1485 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1486 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1487 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1488 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1490 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1491 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1492 # long and rather painful to read.
1493 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1495 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1496 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1497 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1498 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1499 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1500 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1501 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1502 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1503 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1504 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1505 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1506 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1507 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1508 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1509 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1510 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1511 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1512 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1514 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1515 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1516 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1517 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1518 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1519 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1520 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1521 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1523 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1524 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1525 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1526 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1532 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1533 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1534 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1535 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1536 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1537 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1538 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1539 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1540 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1541 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1542 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1543 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1544 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1545 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1546 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1547 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1548 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1549 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1550 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1551 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1558 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1559 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1560 # been like Vancouver.
1561 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1562 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1564 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1565 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1566 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1567 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1568 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1569 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1570 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1571 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1572 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1573 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1574 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1575 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1576 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1578 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1579 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1580 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1584 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1586 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1587 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1588 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1589 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1590 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1591 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1592 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1593 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1594 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1595 # Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
1597 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1598 # Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
1599 # act which was last updated in 1987:
1600 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
1602 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1603 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1604 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1605 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1608 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1609 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1610 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1612 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1613 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1614 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1615 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1616 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1617 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1619 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1620 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1621 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1623 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1625 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1626 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1628 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1630 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1632 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1633 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1634 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1635 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1636 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1637 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1638 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1639 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1640 # the current state of affairs.
1642 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1643 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1644 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1645 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1646 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1647 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1648 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1650 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1651 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1652 # for these potential new Zones.
1654 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1655 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1656 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1657 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1658 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1659 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1660 # required to use daylight savings.
1663 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1664 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1665 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1666 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1667 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1668 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1669 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1670 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1671 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1672 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1673 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1674 # unified time zone in 1999.
1676 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1677 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1679 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1680 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1682 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1683 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1684 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1685 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1686 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1687 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1688 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1690 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1692 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1693 # According to maps at
1694 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1695 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1696 # (both dated 2003), and
1697 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1698 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1699 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1700 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1701 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1702 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1703 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1705 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1706 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1707 # daylight saving only during wartime.
1709 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
1710 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
1711 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
1712 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
1713 # daylight saving....
1714 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
1716 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-14):
1717 # Today I phoned the "hamlet office" to find out what Resolute was doing with
1720 # The individual that answered the phone confirmed that the clocks did not
1721 # move at the end of daylight saving on October 29/2006. He also told me that
1722 # the clocks did not move this past weekend (March 11/2007)....
1724 # America/Resolute should use the "Canada" Rule up to October 29/2006.
1725 # After that it should be fixed on Eastern Standard Time until further notice.
1727 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1728 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1729 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1730 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1731 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1732 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1733 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1734 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1735 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1736 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1737 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1738 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1739 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1740 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1742 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - zzz 1921 # trading post est.
1743 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1744 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1745 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1747 # formerly Frobisher Bay
1748 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - zzz 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
1749 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1750 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1753 Zone America/Resolute 0 - zzz 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
1754 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1755 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1756 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
1759 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - zzz 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
1760 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1761 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1763 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
1764 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - zzz 1920 # trading post est.?
1765 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1766 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1767 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1768 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1770 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - zzz 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
1771 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1773 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - zzz 1953 # Inuvik founded
1774 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1775 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1777 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1778 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1779 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1781 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1782 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1783 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1787 ###############################################################################
1791 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1792 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1793 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1794 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1795 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1798 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
1799 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1800 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1801 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1802 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
1803 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1805 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1806 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1807 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1808 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1809 # the relevant documents.
1811 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
1812 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1813 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1815 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1817 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1818 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1820 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1821 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1822 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1823 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1825 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1826 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1831 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1836 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1838 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1839 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1840 # For an English translation of the decree, see
1841 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
1842 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
1845 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1846 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
1847 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
1849 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
1850 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
1851 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
1852 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
1853 # Arizona year round.
1855 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
1856 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
1857 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
1858 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
1859 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
1862 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
1863 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
1865 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
1866 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
1868 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
1869 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
1870 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
1872 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
1873 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
1874 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
1875 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
1876 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
1877 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
1878 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
1879 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
1881 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
1882 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
1883 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
1884 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
1886 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
1888 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
1889 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
1891 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
1892 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
1893 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
1894 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
1895 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
1896 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
1898 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
1900 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
1901 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
1902 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
1903 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
1904 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
1905 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
1906 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
1907 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
1908 # September 30, 2001.
1909 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
1910 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
1912 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
1913 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
1914 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
1915 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
1916 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
1917 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
1918 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
1919 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
1921 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
1922 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
1923 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
1924 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
1925 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
1927 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1928 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
1929 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
1930 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
1931 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
1932 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
1933 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
1934 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
1935 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
1936 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1937 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1938 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1939 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1940 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1941 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1942 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1944 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
1945 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1946 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
1949 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
1950 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1951 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
1953 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
1954 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
1959 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
1960 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1961 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1962 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1963 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1964 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1965 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
1966 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
1969 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
1970 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1971 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1972 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1973 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1974 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1976 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
1977 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
1980 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
1981 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1982 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1983 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1984 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1985 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1986 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1987 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1989 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
1991 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
1992 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
1993 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1994 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1995 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1996 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1997 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1998 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1999 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2003 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2005 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2006 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2007 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2008 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2009 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2010 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2011 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2012 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2013 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2018 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2019 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2021 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2022 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2023 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2024 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2025 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2026 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
2027 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2028 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2029 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2030 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2031 # name or contents should be.
2036 ###############################################################################
2039 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2040 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2043 # Antigua and Barbuda
2044 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2045 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2051 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2052 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2053 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2054 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2056 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2057 Rule Bahamas 1964 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2058 Rule Bahamas 1964 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2059 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2060 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2061 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2065 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2066 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2067 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2068 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2069 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2070 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2071 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2072 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2073 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2077 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2078 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2079 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
2080 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
2081 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
2082 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
2083 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
2084 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
2085 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2086 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2091 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2093 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2094 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2095 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2096 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2097 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2099 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2100 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2101 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2102 -4:00 Bahamas A%sT 1976
2106 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2107 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
2108 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2112 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2113 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2114 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2115 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2116 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2117 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2118 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2119 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2120 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
2121 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2122 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
2123 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
2126 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2130 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2131 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2132 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2133 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2134 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2135 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2136 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2137 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2138 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
2139 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2141 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2142 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2143 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2144 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2145 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2146 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2147 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2148 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2150 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2151 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2152 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2153 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2155 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2156 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2157 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2158 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2159 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2160 # watches should be set back one hour -- going back to 00:00 hours -- returning
2161 # to the normal schedule....
2163 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2164 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html, dated yesterday,
2165 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2166 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2167 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2169 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2170 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2171 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2172 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2173 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2174 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2175 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2176 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2177 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2178 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2179 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2180 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2181 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2182 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2183 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2184 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2185 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2186 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2187 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2188 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2189 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2190 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2191 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2192 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2193 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2194 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2195 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2196 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2197 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2198 Rule Cuba 2000 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2199 Rule Cuba 2006 only - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2200 Rule Cuba 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2201 Rule Cuba 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
2203 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2204 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2205 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2209 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2210 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
2213 # Dominican Republic
2215 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2216 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
2217 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
2218 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
2220 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2221 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
2223 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
2224 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
2225 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
2226 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
2227 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
2228 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
2229 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
2230 # decided to revert.
2233 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2234 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
2235 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
2236 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
2237 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
2238 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
2239 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
2240 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2241 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
2242 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
2243 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
2244 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
2245 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
2250 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2251 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2252 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2253 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
2254 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
2255 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2256 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
2260 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2261 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
2265 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2266 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
2271 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
2272 # Diario Co Latino, at
2273 # http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079,
2274 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
2275 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
2276 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
2277 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
2278 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
2279 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
2280 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
2281 # <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>.
2283 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2284 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
2285 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
2286 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
2287 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
2288 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
2289 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
2290 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
2291 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
2292 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2293 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
2297 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
2298 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
2299 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
2300 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
2301 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
2302 # </a>. Translated from French, it says:
2304 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
2305 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
2306 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
2307 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
2308 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
2310 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
2311 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
2312 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
2315 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
2317 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
2318 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
2319 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
2320 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
2321 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
2323 # I have found this article about it (in French):
2324 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
2326 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
2329 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2330 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
2331 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2332 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2333 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
2335 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
2336 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
2337 Rule Haiti 2005 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2338 Rule Haiti 2005 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2339 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2340 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
2341 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
2345 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
2347 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
2348 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
2349 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
2350 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
2351 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
2352 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
2354 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
2355 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
2356 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
2357 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
2359 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
2360 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08)
2361 # <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>.
2362 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
2364 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
2365 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
2366 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
2367 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
2369 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
2370 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
2371 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
2373 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2374 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2375 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2376 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2377 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
2378 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2379 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
2382 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
2386 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
2389 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
2390 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
2392 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
2393 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2394 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
2395 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2396 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2401 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2402 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
2403 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
2404 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
2405 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
2409 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2410 # In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
2411 # world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
2412 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2413 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill
2418 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
2420 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
2421 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
2422 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
2423 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
2424 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
2425 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
2426 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
2427 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
2428 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
2430 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
2431 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
2432 # assume that it is daylight saving....
2434 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
2435 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
2436 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
2437 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
2438 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
2439 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
2440 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
2441 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
2442 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
2443 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
2445 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
2446 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
2447 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
2450 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
2451 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
2452 # (my informal translation)
2453 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolanos, Nicaragua
2454 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
2455 # morning, and will stay that way until 30.th. of september.
2457 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
2458 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
2459 # My informal translation runs:
2460 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
2461 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
2463 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2464 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
2465 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
2466 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
2467 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2468 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
2469 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
2470 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2471 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
2472 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
2473 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
2474 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
2475 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
2476 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
2482 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2483 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
2484 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
2488 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
2489 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2490 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
2491 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
2496 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2497 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
2501 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2502 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
2503 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
2506 # St Pierre and Miquelon
2507 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
2508 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2509 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
2510 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
2511 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
2514 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
2515 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2516 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
2517 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
2521 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2522 # Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
2523 # says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
2524 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2525 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2526 Rule TC 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2527 Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2528 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2529 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
2530 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2534 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2535 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
2539 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2540 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
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