2 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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15 * This product includes software developed by the University of
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30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33 * @(#)kern_time.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/10/93
34 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/kern_time.c,v 1.68.2.1 2002/10/01 08:00:41 bde Exp $
37 #include <sys/param.h>
38 #include <sys/systm.h>
40 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
41 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
42 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
43 #include <sys/kernel.h>
44 #include <sys/sysent.h>
45 #include <sys/sysunion.h>
49 #include <sys/vnode.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
51 #include <sys/kern_syscall.h>
53 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
55 #include <sys/msgport2.h>
56 #include <sys/thread2.h>
57 #include <sys/mplock2.h>
62 * Time of day and interval timer support.
64 * These routines provide the kernel entry points to get and set
65 * the time-of-day and per-process interval timers. Subroutines
66 * here provide support for adding and subtracting timeval structures
67 * and decrementing interval timers, optionally reloading the interval
68 * timers when they expire.
71 static int settime(struct timeval *);
72 static void timevalfix(struct timeval *);
75 * Nanosleep tries very hard to sleep for a precisely requested time
76 * interval, down to 1uS. The administrator can impose a minimum delay
77 * and a delay below which we hard-loop instead of initiate a timer
78 * interrupt and sleep.
80 * For machines under high loads it might be beneficial to increase min_us
81 * to e.g. 1000uS (1ms) so spining processes sleep meaningfully.
83 static int nanosleep_min_us = 10;
84 static int nanosleep_hard_us = 100;
85 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, nanosleep_min_us, CTLFLAG_RW,
86 &nanosleep_min_us, 0, "")
87 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, nanosleep_hard_us, CTLFLAG_RW,
88 &nanosleep_hard_us, 0, "")
91 settime(struct timeval *tv)
93 struct timeval delta, tv1, tv2;
94 static struct timeval maxtime, laststep;
98 if ((origcpu = mycpu->gd_cpuid) != 0)
99 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(0));
104 timevalsub(&delta, &tv1);
107 * If the system is secure, we do not allow the time to be
108 * set to a value earlier than 1 second less than the highest
109 * time we have yet seen. The worst a miscreant can do in
110 * this circumstance is "freeze" time. He couldn't go
113 * We similarly do not allow the clock to be stepped more
114 * than one second, nor more than once per second. This allows
115 * a miscreant to make the clock march double-time, but no worse.
117 if (securelevel > 1) {
118 if (delta.tv_sec < 0 || delta.tv_usec < 0) {
120 * Update maxtime to latest time we've seen.
122 if (tv1.tv_sec > maxtime.tv_sec)
125 timevalsub(&tv2, &maxtime);
126 if (tv2.tv_sec < -1) {
127 tv->tv_sec = maxtime.tv_sec - 1;
128 kprintf("Time adjustment clamped to -1 second\n");
131 if (tv1.tv_sec == laststep.tv_sec) {
135 if (delta.tv_sec > 1) {
136 tv->tv_sec = tv1.tv_sec + 1;
137 kprintf("Time adjustment clamped to +1 second\n");
143 ts.tv_sec = tv->tv_sec;
144 ts.tv_nsec = tv->tv_usec * 1000;
149 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(origcpu));
159 kern_clock_gettime(clockid_t clock_id, struct timespec *ats)
166 case CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE:
169 case CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST:
172 case CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
173 case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE:
175 case CLOCK_UPTIME_PRECISE:
178 case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST:
179 case CLOCK_UPTIME_FAST:
184 ats->tv_sec = p->p_timer[ITIMER_VIRTUAL].it_value.tv_sec;
185 ats->tv_nsec = p->p_timer[ITIMER_VIRTUAL].it_value.tv_usec *
190 ats->tv_sec = p->p_timer[ITIMER_PROF].it_value.tv_sec;
191 ats->tv_nsec = p->p_timer[ITIMER_PROF].it_value.tv_usec *
195 ats->tv_sec = time_second;
209 sys_clock_gettime(struct clock_gettime_args *uap)
214 error = kern_clock_gettime(uap->clock_id, &ats);
216 error = copyout(&ats, uap->tp, sizeof(ats));
222 kern_clock_settime(clockid_t clock_id, struct timespec *ats)
224 struct thread *td = curthread;
228 if ((error = priv_check(td, PRIV_CLOCK_SETTIME)) != 0)
230 if (clock_id != CLOCK_REALTIME)
232 if (ats->tv_nsec < 0 || ats->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
235 TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&atv, ats);
236 error = settime(&atv);
244 sys_clock_settime(struct clock_settime_args *uap)
249 if ((error = copyin(uap->tp, &ats, sizeof(ats))) != 0)
253 error = kern_clock_settime(uap->clock_id, &ats);
262 kern_clock_getres(clockid_t clock_id, struct timespec *ts)
268 case CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST:
269 case CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE:
270 case CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
271 case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST:
272 case CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE:
274 case CLOCK_UPTIME_FAST:
275 case CLOCK_UPTIME_PRECISE:
277 * Round up the result of the division cheaply
278 * by adding 1. Rounding up is especially important
279 * if rounding down would give 0. Perfect rounding
283 ts->tv_nsec = 1000000000 / sys_cputimer->freq + 1;
288 /* Accurately round up here because we can do so cheaply. */
290 ts->tv_nsec = (1000000000 + hz - 1) / hz;
310 sys_clock_getres(struct clock_getres_args *uap)
315 error = kern_clock_getres(uap->clock_id, &ts);
317 error = copyout(&ts, uap->tp, sizeof(ts));
325 * This is a general helper function for nanosleep() (aka sleep() aka
328 * If there is less then one tick's worth of time left and
329 * we haven't done a yield, or the remaining microseconds is
330 * ridiculously low, do a yield. This avoids having
331 * to deal with systimer overheads when the system is under
332 * heavy loads. If we have done a yield already then use
333 * a systimer and an uninterruptable thread wait.
335 * If there is more then a tick's worth of time left,
336 * calculate the baseline ticks and use an interruptable
337 * tsleep, then handle the fine-grained delay on the next
338 * loop. This usually results in two sleeps occuring, a long one
344 ns1_systimer(systimer_t info, int in_ipi __unused,
345 struct intrframe *frame __unused)
347 lwkt_schedule(info->data);
351 nanosleep1(struct timespec *rqt, struct timespec *rmt)
354 struct timespec ts, ts2, ts3;
358 if (rqt->tv_nsec < 0 || rqt->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
360 /* XXX: imho this should return EINVAL at least for tv_sec < 0 */
361 if (rqt->tv_sec < 0 || (rqt->tv_sec == 0 && rqt->tv_nsec == 0))
364 timespecadd(&ts, rqt); /* ts = target timestamp compare */
365 TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, rqt); /* tv = sleep interval */
369 struct systimer info;
371 ticks = tv.tv_usec / ustick; /* approximate */
373 if (tv.tv_sec == 0 && ticks == 0) {
374 thread_t td = curthread;
375 if (tv.tv_usec > 0 && tv.tv_usec < nanosleep_min_us)
376 tv.tv_usec = nanosleep_min_us;
377 if (tv.tv_usec < nanosleep_hard_us) {
381 crit_enter_quick(td);
382 systimer_init_oneshot(&info, ns1_systimer,
384 lwkt_deschedule_self(td);
387 systimer_del(&info); /* make sure it's gone */
389 error = iscaught(td->td_lwp);
390 } else if (tv.tv_sec == 0) {
391 error = tsleep(&nanowait, PCATCH, "nanslp", ticks);
393 ticks = tvtohz_low(&tv); /* also handles overflow */
394 error = tsleep(&nanowait, PCATCH, "nanslp", ticks);
397 if (error && error != EWOULDBLOCK) {
398 if (error == ERESTART)
401 timespecsub(&ts, &ts2);
408 if (timespeccmp(&ts2, &ts, >=))
411 timespecsub(&ts3, &ts2);
412 TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, &ts3);
420 sys_nanosleep(struct nanosleep_args *uap)
426 error = copyin(uap->rqtp, &rqt, sizeof(rqt));
430 error = nanosleep1(&rqt, &rmt);
433 * copyout the residual if nanosleep was interrupted.
435 if (error && uap->rmtp) {
438 error2 = copyout(&rmt, uap->rmtp, sizeof(rmt));
449 sys_gettimeofday(struct gettimeofday_args *uap)
456 if ((error = copyout((caddr_t)&atv, (caddr_t)uap->tp,
461 error = copyout((caddr_t)&tz, (caddr_t)uap->tzp,
470 sys_settimeofday(struct settimeofday_args *uap)
472 struct thread *td = curthread;
477 if ((error = priv_check(td, PRIV_SETTIMEOFDAY)))
480 * Verify all parameters before changing time.
482 * NOTE: We do not allow the time to be set to 0.0, which also by
483 * happy coincidence works around a pkgsrc bulk build bug.
486 if ((error = copyin((caddr_t)uap->tv, (caddr_t)&atv,
489 if (atv.tv_usec < 0 || atv.tv_usec >= 1000000)
491 if (atv.tv_sec == 0 && atv.tv_usec == 0)
495 (error = copyin((caddr_t)uap->tzp, (caddr_t)&atz, sizeof(atz))))
499 if (uap->tv && (error = settime(&atv))) {
510 kern_adjtime_common(void)
512 if ((ntp_delta >= 0 && ntp_delta < ntp_default_tick_delta) ||
513 (ntp_delta < 0 && ntp_delta > -ntp_default_tick_delta))
514 ntp_tick_delta = ntp_delta;
515 else if (ntp_delta > ntp_big_delta)
516 ntp_tick_delta = 10 * ntp_default_tick_delta;
517 else if (ntp_delta < -ntp_big_delta)
518 ntp_tick_delta = -10 * ntp_default_tick_delta;
519 else if (ntp_delta > 0)
520 ntp_tick_delta = ntp_default_tick_delta;
522 ntp_tick_delta = -ntp_default_tick_delta;
526 kern_adjtime(int64_t delta, int64_t *odelta)
530 if ((origcpu = mycpu->gd_cpuid) != 0)
531 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(0));
536 kern_adjtime_common();
540 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(origcpu));
544 kern_get_ntp_delta(int64_t *delta)
548 if ((origcpu = mycpu->gd_cpuid) != 0)
549 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(0));
556 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(origcpu));
560 kern_reladjtime(int64_t delta)
564 if ((origcpu = mycpu->gd_cpuid) != 0)
565 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(0));
569 kern_adjtime_common();
573 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(origcpu));
577 kern_adjfreq(int64_t rate)
581 if ((origcpu = mycpu->gd_cpuid) != 0)
582 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(0));
585 ntp_tick_permanent = rate;
589 lwkt_setcpu_self(globaldata_find(origcpu));
596 sys_adjtime(struct adjtime_args *uap)
598 struct thread *td = curthread;
600 int64_t ndelta, odelta;
603 if ((error = priv_check(td, PRIV_ADJTIME)))
605 error = copyin(uap->delta, &atv, sizeof(struct timeval));
610 * Compute the total correction and the rate at which to apply it.
611 * Round the adjustment down to a whole multiple of the per-tick
612 * delta, so that after some number of incremental changes in
613 * hardclock(), tickdelta will become zero, lest the correction
614 * overshoot and start taking us away from the desired final time.
616 ndelta = (int64_t)atv.tv_sec * 1000000000 + atv.tv_usec * 1000;
618 kern_adjtime(ndelta, &odelta);
622 atv.tv_sec = odelta / 1000000000;
623 atv.tv_usec = odelta % 1000000000 / 1000;
624 copyout(&atv, uap->olddelta, sizeof(struct timeval));
630 sysctl_adjtime(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
635 if (req->newptr != NULL) {
636 if (priv_check(curthread, PRIV_ROOT))
638 error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &delta, sizeof(delta));
641 kern_reladjtime(delta);
645 kern_get_ntp_delta(&delta);
646 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &delta, sizeof(delta));
651 * delta is in nanoseconds.
654 sysctl_delta(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
656 int64_t delta, old_delta;
659 if (req->newptr != NULL) {
660 if (priv_check(curthread, PRIV_ROOT))
662 error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &delta, sizeof(delta));
665 kern_adjtime(delta, &old_delta);
668 if (req->oldptr != NULL)
669 kern_get_ntp_delta(&old_delta);
670 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &old_delta, sizeof(old_delta));
675 * frequency is in nanoseconds per second shifted left 32.
676 * kern_adjfreq() needs it in nanoseconds per tick shifted left 32.
679 sysctl_adjfreq(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
684 if (req->newptr != NULL) {
685 if (priv_check(curthread, PRIV_ROOT))
687 error = SYSCTL_IN(req, &freqdelta, sizeof(freqdelta));
692 kern_adjfreq(freqdelta);
695 if (req->oldptr != NULL)
696 freqdelta = ntp_tick_permanent * hz;
697 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &freqdelta, sizeof(freqdelta));
704 SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, ntp, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "NTP related controls");
705 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_ntp, OID_AUTO, permanent,
706 CTLTYPE_QUAD|CTLFLAG_RW, 0, 0,
707 sysctl_adjfreq, "Q", "permanent correction per second");
708 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_ntp, OID_AUTO, delta,
709 CTLTYPE_QUAD|CTLFLAG_RW, 0, 0,
710 sysctl_delta, "Q", "one-time delta");
711 SYSCTL_OPAQUE(_kern_ntp, OID_AUTO, big_delta, CTLFLAG_RD,
712 &ntp_big_delta, sizeof(ntp_big_delta), "Q",
713 "threshold for fast adjustment");
714 SYSCTL_OPAQUE(_kern_ntp, OID_AUTO, tick_delta, CTLFLAG_RD,
715 &ntp_tick_delta, sizeof(ntp_tick_delta), "LU",
716 "per-tick adjustment");
717 SYSCTL_OPAQUE(_kern_ntp, OID_AUTO, default_tick_delta, CTLFLAG_RD,
718 &ntp_default_tick_delta, sizeof(ntp_default_tick_delta), "LU",
719 "default per-tick adjustment");
720 SYSCTL_OPAQUE(_kern_ntp, OID_AUTO, next_leap_second, CTLFLAG_RW,
721 &ntp_leap_second, sizeof(ntp_leap_second), "LU",
723 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_ntp, OID_AUTO, insert_leap_second, CTLFLAG_RW,
724 &ntp_leap_insert, 0, "insert or remove leap second");
725 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_ntp, OID_AUTO, adjust,
726 CTLTYPE_QUAD|CTLFLAG_RW, 0, 0,
727 sysctl_adjtime, "Q", "relative adjust for delta");
730 * Get value of an interval timer. The process virtual and
731 * profiling virtual time timers are kept in the p_stats area, since
732 * they can be swapped out. These are kept internally in the
733 * way they are specified externally: in time until they expire.
735 * The real time interval timer is kept in the process table slot
736 * for the process, and its value (it_value) is kept as an
737 * absolute time rather than as a delta, so that it is easy to keep
738 * periodic real-time signals from drifting.
740 * Virtual time timers are processed in the hardclock() routine of
741 * kern_clock.c. The real time timer is processed by a timeout
742 * routine, called from the softclock() routine. Since a callout
743 * may be delayed in real time due to interrupt processing in the system,
744 * it is possible for the real time timeout routine (realitexpire, given below),
745 * to be delayed in real time past when it is supposed to occur. It
746 * does not suffice, therefore, to reload the real timer .it_value from the
747 * real time timers .it_interval. Rather, we compute the next time in
748 * absolute time the timer should go off.
753 sys_getitimer(struct getitimer_args *uap)
755 struct proc *p = curproc;
757 struct itimerval aitv;
759 if (uap->which > ITIMER_PROF)
761 lwkt_gettoken(&p->p_token);
762 if (uap->which == ITIMER_REAL) {
764 * Convert from absolute to relative time in .it_value
765 * part of real time timer. If time for real time timer
766 * has passed return 0, else return difference between
767 * current time and time for the timer to go off.
769 aitv = p->p_realtimer;
770 if (timevalisset(&aitv.it_value)) {
771 getmicrouptime(&ctv);
772 if (timevalcmp(&aitv.it_value, &ctv, <))
773 timevalclear(&aitv.it_value);
775 timevalsub(&aitv.it_value, &ctv);
778 aitv = p->p_timer[uap->which];
780 lwkt_reltoken(&p->p_token);
781 return (copyout(&aitv, uap->itv, sizeof (struct itimerval)));
788 sys_setitimer(struct setitimer_args *uap)
790 struct itimerval aitv;
792 struct itimerval *itvp;
793 struct proc *p = curproc;
796 if (uap->which > ITIMER_PROF)
799 if (itvp && (error = copyin((caddr_t)itvp, (caddr_t)&aitv,
800 sizeof(struct itimerval))))
802 if ((uap->itv = uap->oitv) &&
803 (error = sys_getitimer((struct getitimer_args *)uap)))
807 if (itimerfix(&aitv.it_value))
809 if (!timevalisset(&aitv.it_value))
810 timevalclear(&aitv.it_interval);
811 else if (itimerfix(&aitv.it_interval))
813 lwkt_gettoken(&p->p_token);
814 if (uap->which == ITIMER_REAL) {
815 if (timevalisset(&p->p_realtimer.it_value))
816 callout_stop_sync(&p->p_ithandle);
817 if (timevalisset(&aitv.it_value))
818 callout_reset(&p->p_ithandle,
819 tvtohz_high(&aitv.it_value), realitexpire, p);
820 getmicrouptime(&ctv);
821 timevaladd(&aitv.it_value, &ctv);
822 p->p_realtimer = aitv;
824 p->p_timer[uap->which] = aitv;
827 p->p_flags &= ~P_SIGVTALRM;
830 p->p_flags &= ~P_SIGPROF;
834 lwkt_reltoken(&p->p_token);
839 * Real interval timer expired:
840 * send process whose timer expired an alarm signal.
841 * If time is not set up to reload, then just return.
842 * Else compute next time timer should go off which is > current time.
843 * This is where delay in processing this timeout causes multiple
844 * SIGALRM calls to be compressed into one.
845 * tvtohz_high() always adds 1 to allow for the time until the next clock
846 * interrupt being strictly less than 1 clock tick, but we don't want
847 * that here since we want to appear to be in sync with the clock
848 * interrupt even when we're delayed.
851 realitexpire(void *arg)
854 struct timeval ctv, ntv;
856 p = (struct proc *)arg;
858 lwkt_gettoken(&p->p_token);
860 if (!timevalisset(&p->p_realtimer.it_interval)) {
861 timevalclear(&p->p_realtimer.it_value);
865 timevaladd(&p->p_realtimer.it_value,
866 &p->p_realtimer.it_interval);
867 getmicrouptime(&ctv);
868 if (timevalcmp(&p->p_realtimer.it_value, &ctv, >)) {
869 ntv = p->p_realtimer.it_value;
870 timevalsub(&ntv, &ctv);
871 callout_reset(&p->p_ithandle, tvtohz_low(&ntv),
877 lwkt_reltoken(&p->p_token);
882 * Check that a proposed value to load into the .it_value or
883 * .it_interval part of an interval timer is acceptable, and
884 * fix it to have at least minimal value (i.e. if it is less
885 * than the resolution of the clock, round it up.)
890 itimerfix(struct timeval *tv)
893 if (tv->tv_sec < 0 || tv->tv_sec > 100000000 ||
894 tv->tv_usec < 0 || tv->tv_usec >= 1000000)
896 if (tv->tv_sec == 0 && tv->tv_usec != 0 && tv->tv_usec < ustick)
897 tv->tv_usec = ustick;
902 * Decrement an interval timer by a specified number
903 * of microseconds, which must be less than a second,
904 * i.e. < 1000000. If the timer expires, then reload
905 * it. In this case, carry over (usec - old value) to
906 * reduce the value reloaded into the timer so that
907 * the timer does not drift. This routine assumes
908 * that it is called in a context where the timers
909 * on which it is operating cannot change in value.
912 itimerdecr(struct itimerval *itp, int usec)
915 if (itp->it_value.tv_usec < usec) {
916 if (itp->it_value.tv_sec == 0) {
917 /* expired, and already in next interval */
918 usec -= itp->it_value.tv_usec;
921 itp->it_value.tv_usec += 1000000;
922 itp->it_value.tv_sec--;
924 itp->it_value.tv_usec -= usec;
926 if (timevalisset(&itp->it_value))
928 /* expired, exactly at end of interval */
930 if (timevalisset(&itp->it_interval)) {
931 itp->it_value = itp->it_interval;
932 itp->it_value.tv_usec -= usec;
933 if (itp->it_value.tv_usec < 0) {
934 itp->it_value.tv_usec += 1000000;
935 itp->it_value.tv_sec--;
938 itp->it_value.tv_usec = 0; /* sec is already 0 */
943 * Add and subtract routines for timevals.
944 * N.B.: subtract routine doesn't deal with
945 * results which are before the beginning,
946 * it just gets very confused in this case.
950 timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, const struct timeval *t2)
953 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec;
954 t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec;
959 timevalsub(struct timeval *t1, const struct timeval *t2)
962 t1->tv_sec -= t2->tv_sec;
963 t1->tv_usec -= t2->tv_usec;
968 timevalfix(struct timeval *t1)
971 if (t1->tv_usec < 0) {
973 t1->tv_usec += 1000000;
975 if (t1->tv_usec >= 1000000) {
977 t1->tv_usec -= 1000000;
982 * ratecheck(): simple time-based rate-limit checking.
985 ratecheck(struct timeval *lasttime, const struct timeval *mininterval)
987 struct timeval tv, delta;
990 getmicrouptime(&tv); /* NB: 10ms precision */
992 timevalsub(&delta, lasttime);
995 * check for 0,0 is so that the message will be seen at least once,
996 * even if interval is huge.
998 if (timevalcmp(&delta, mininterval, >=) ||
999 (lasttime->tv_sec == 0 && lasttime->tv_usec == 0)) {
1008 * ppsratecheck(): packets (or events) per second limitation.
1010 * Return 0 if the limit is to be enforced (e.g. the caller
1011 * should drop a packet because of the rate limitation).
1013 * maxpps of 0 always causes zero to be returned. maxpps of -1
1014 * always causes 1 to be returned; this effectively defeats rate
1017 * Note that we maintain the struct timeval for compatibility
1018 * with other bsd systems. We reuse the storage and just monitor
1019 * clock ticks for minimal overhead.
1022 ppsratecheck(struct timeval *lasttime, int *curpps, int maxpps)
1027 * Reset the last time and counter if this is the first call
1028 * or more than a second has passed since the last update of
1032 if (lasttime->tv_sec == 0 || (u_int)(now - lasttime->tv_sec) >= hz) {
1033 lasttime->tv_sec = now;
1035 return (maxpps != 0);
1037 (*curpps)++; /* NB: ignore potential overflow */
1038 return (maxpps < 0 || *curpps < maxpps);