2 .\" Copyright (c) 2003 Søren Schmidt <sos@FreeBSD.org>
3 .\" All rights reserved.
5 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
10 .\" without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file.
11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 .\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15 .\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
17 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19 .\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20 .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21 .\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22 .\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23 .\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24 .\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25 .\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26 .\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
28 .\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man4/ata.4,v 1.72 2007/03/10 12:44:22 brueffer Exp $
39 .Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
41 To compile this driver into the kernel,
42 place the following lines in your
43 kernel configuration file:
44 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
45 For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
47 .Cd device nata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14
48 .Cd device nata1 at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15
50 For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support:
54 To support ATA compliant disk drives:
57 To support ATA software RAIDs:
60 To support ATAPI CDROM, DVD and CD/DVD burner drives:
63 To support ATAPI floppy drives:
66 To support ATAPI tape drives:
70 Alternatively, to load the driver as a
71 module at boot time, place the following line in
73 .Bd -literal -offset indent
85 The following tunables are settable from the loader:
88 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
89 .It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
90 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
92 set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
94 can cause data loss on power failures and crashes.
99 driver provides access to ATA (IDE) and SerialATA disk drives,
100 ATAPI CDROM/DVD drives, ZIP/LS120 ATAPI drives and ATAPI tape drives
101 connected to controllers according to the ATA/ATAPI standards.
103 The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are:
105 .Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact
107 ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R.
109 M5229, M5281, M5287, M5288, M5289.
111 AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111.
113 IXP200, IXP300, IXP400.
115 CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649.
121 HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374.
123 6300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9.
127 JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368.
129 88SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6081, 88SX6101, 88SX6141.
135 nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4.
137 PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270, PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375, PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580, PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519, PDC40718, PDC40719.
139 HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8.
141 SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512.
143 SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630, SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962, SIS963, SIS964, SIS965.
145 VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686, VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237, VT8237A, VT8251.
148 Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard
149 busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is
150 also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is
151 not known what the chipset can do and how to program it.
155 driver can change the transfer mode and various other parameters
156 when the system is up and running.
162 driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default.
165 driver sometimes warns:
166 .Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device".
169 driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present
170 or could not be detected properly, or that one of the devices on the
171 channel only accepts up to UDMA2/ATA33.
173 Unknown ATAPI devices are initialized to DMA mode if the
175 tunable is set to 1 and they support at least UDMA33 transfers.
176 Otherwise they are set to PIO mode because severe DMA problems are
177 common even if the device capabilities indicate support.
178 You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
180 but be aware that your hardware might
182 support it and can potentially
184 the entire system causing data loss.
186 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /sys/config/GENERIC" -compact
188 ATA disk device nodes
190 ATA RAID device nodes
192 ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
194 ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
196 ATAPI tape drive device nodes
197 .It Pa /sys/config/GENERIC
198 sample generic kernel config file for
203 Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you
205 use 80 conductor cables.
206 Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm.
207 In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the quality of the cables.
208 SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification.
210 Static device numbering (enabled with the
212 kernel option) reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
213 even when not present.
214 This is useful in hotswap scenarios where disks should always show up
215 as the same numbered device, and not depend on attach order.
217 Native Command Queuing (NCQ) on SATA drives is not yet supported.
228 driver first appeared in
230 A later version was imported into
235 .An S\(/oren Schmidt Aq Mt sos@FreeBSD.org