1 # @(#)southamerica 8.27
4 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
6 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
9 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
10 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
11 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
13 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
14 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
15 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
16 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
17 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
19 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
20 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
22 # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
23 # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
24 # suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
25 # I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
26 # _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
27 # in Europe and South America.
28 # -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
29 # H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
31 # Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
32 # for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
33 # "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
34 # the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
35 # The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
36 # Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
37 # "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
38 # The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
39 # "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
40 # name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
41 # So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
42 # Corrections are welcome!
44 # -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
45 # -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
46 # -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
49 ###############################################################################
51 ###############################################################################
55 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
56 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
57 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
59 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
60 # ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
62 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
63 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
64 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
66 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
67 Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
68 Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
69 Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
70 Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
71 Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
72 Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
73 Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
74 Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
75 Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
76 Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
77 Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
78 Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
79 Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
80 Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
81 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
82 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
83 Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
84 Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
85 Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
86 Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
87 Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
88 Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
90 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
91 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
92 # obtaining the data from the:
93 # Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
94 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
95 Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
96 Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
98 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
99 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
100 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
101 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
103 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
104 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
105 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
106 # from the International Date Line.
107 Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
108 # From Paul Eggert (2007-12-28):
109 # DST was set to expire on March 5, not March 3, but since it was converted
110 # to standard time on March 3 it's more convenient for us to pretend that
111 # it ended on March 3.
112 Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar 3 0:00 0 -
114 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
115 # We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
116 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
117 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
119 # From Fabian L. Arce Jofre (2000-04-04):
120 # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
121 # de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
122 # in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
124 # From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
125 # one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
126 # Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
127 # in effect.... The article is at
128 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
129 # ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
130 # 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
131 # http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
132 # Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
135 # the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
136 # Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
137 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
140 # Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
141 # Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
142 # http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
143 # It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
144 # This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
145 # We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
147 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-12-21):
148 # A user (Leonardo Chaim) reported that Argentina will adopt DST....
149 # all of the country (all Zone-entries) are affected. News reports like
150 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/opinion/nota.asp?nota_id=973037 indicate
151 # that Argentina will use DST next year as well, from October to
152 # March, although exact rules are not given.
154 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-12-26)
155 # The last hurdle of Argentina DST is over, the proposal was approved in
156 # the lower chamber too (Deputados) with a vote 192 for and 2 against.
157 # By the way thanks to Mariano Absatz and Daniel Mario Vega for the link to
158 # the original scanned proposal, where the dates and the zero hours are
159 # clear and unambiguous...This is the article about final approval:
160 # <a href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996">
161 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996
164 # From Paul Eggert (2007-12-22):
165 # For dates after mid-2008, the following rules are my guesses and
166 # are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
168 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-09-05):
169 # As per message from Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz (Nicaragua),
170 # Argentina will start DST on Sunday October 19, 2008.
172 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina03.html">
173 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina03.html
176 # <a href="http://www.impulsobaires.com.ar/nota.php?id=57832 (in spanish)">
177 # http://www.impulsobaires.com.ar/nota.php?id=57832 (in spanish)
180 Rule Arg 2007 only - Dec 30 0:00 1:00 S
181 Rule Arg 2008 max - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
182 Rule Arg 2008 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
184 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
185 # Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
186 # its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
187 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
188 # From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
189 # It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
190 # now we'll assume it's for this year only.
192 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
193 # <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
194 # Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08)
195 # </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
196 # to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value
197 # over Shanks & Pottenger.
199 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
200 # These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
201 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
202 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
204 # The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
205 # midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
206 # Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
207 # time in October 17th.
209 # Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
210 # Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman.
212 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
213 # ... this weekend, the Province of Tucuman decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
214 # yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
215 # annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
217 # From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):
218 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ...
219 # "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from
220 # the start. The government had decreed that the measure would take
221 # effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin
222 # three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday....
223 # Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place
224 # on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other
225 # provinces). Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier. So the article
226 # contains a contradiction. I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday
227 # date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del
228 # Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00.
230 # From Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-05):
231 # The previous law 7210 which changed the province of Mendoza's time zone
232 # back in May have been modified slightly in a new law 7277, which set the
233 # new end date to 2004-09-26 (original date was 2004-10-17).
234 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf
236 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05):
237 # San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between
238 # Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st. It changed back to UTC-03:00
239 # at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th....
240 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html
241 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html
242 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html
244 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-01-17):
245 # Here are articles that Argentina Province San Luis is planning to end DST
246 # as earlier as upcoming Monday January 21, 2008 or February 2008:
248 # Provincia argentina retrasa reloj y marca diferencia con resto del pais
249 # (Argentine Province delayed clock and mark difference with the rest of the
251 # <a href="http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel">
252 # http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel
255 # Es inminente que en San Luis atrasen una hora los relojes
256 # (It is imminent in San Luis clocks one hour delay)
257 # <a href="http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/vernotae.asp?id_nota=253414">
258 # http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/vernotae.asp?id_nota=253414
261 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html">
262 # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html
265 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-01-18):
266 # The page of the San Luis provincial government
267 # <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812">
268 # http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812
270 # confirms what Alex Krivenyshev has earlier sent to the tz
271 # emailing list about that San Luis plans to return to standard
272 # time much earlier than the rest of the country. It also
273 # confirms that upon request the provinces San Juan and Mendoza
274 # refused to follow San Luis in this change.
276 # The change is supposed to take place Monday the 21.st at 0:00
277 # hours. As far as I understand it if this goes ahead, we need
278 # a new timezone for San Luis (although there are also documented
279 # independent changes in the southamerica file of San Luis in
280 # 1990 and 1991 which has not been confirmed).
282 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-01-25):
283 # Unfortunately the below page has become defunct, about the San Luis
284 # time change. Perhaps because it now is part of a group of pages "Most
285 # important pages of 2008."
288 # <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834">
289 # http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834
291 # instead it seems. Or use "Buscador" from the main page of the San Luis
292 # government, and fill in "huso" and click OK, and you will get 3 pages
293 # from which the first one is identical to the above.
295 # From Mariano Absatz (2008-01-28):
296 # I can confirm that the Province of San Luis (and so far only that
297 # province) decided to go back to UTC-3 effective midnight Jan 20th 2008
298 # (that is, Monday 21st at 0:00 is the time the clocks were delayed back
299 # 1 hour), and they intend to keep UTC-3 as their timezone all year round
300 # (that is, unless they change their mind any minute now).
302 # So we'll have to add yet another city to 'southamerica' (I think San
303 # Luis city is the mos populated city in the Province, so it'd be
304 # America/Argentina/San_Luis... of course I can't remember if San Luis's
305 # history of particular changes goes along with Mendoza or San Juan :-(
306 # (I only remember not being able to collect hard facts about San Luis
307 # back in 2004, when these provinces changed to UTC-4 for a few days, I
308 # mailed them personally and never got an answer).
310 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
311 # Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992,
312 # from the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that
313 # America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, one of which
314 # was America/San_Luis, but we haven't verified this yet so for now we'll
315 # keep America/Cordoba a single region rather than splitting it into the
316 # other 5 subregions.
319 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
321 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
322 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
323 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
325 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
326 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
327 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
330 # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
331 # Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Santiago del Estero (SE), Cordoba (CB),
332 # La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
334 # Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
335 # - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
336 # - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
337 # - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
338 # - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
339 # then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
341 Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
342 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
344 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
345 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
346 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
347 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
348 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
352 Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
353 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
355 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
356 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
357 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
358 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
359 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
360 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
361 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 13
365 Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
366 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
368 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
369 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
370 -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
371 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
372 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
373 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
374 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
378 Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
379 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
381 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
382 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
383 -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
384 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
385 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
386 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31
387 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25
391 Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
392 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
394 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
395 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
396 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 28
397 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 17
398 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
400 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
401 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
404 # Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
405 Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
406 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
408 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
409 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
410 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
411 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
412 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
413 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
414 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
418 Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
419 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
421 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
422 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
423 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15
424 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1
425 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
426 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
427 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
428 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
429 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
430 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 23
431 -4:00 - WART 2004 Sep 26
435 Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
436 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
438 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
440 -3:00 1:00 ARST 1990 Mar 14
441 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15
442 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1
443 -4:00 - WART 1991 Jun 1
444 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3
445 -4:00 1:00 WARST 2000 Mar 3
446 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31
447 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25
448 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Jan 21
452 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
453 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
455 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
456 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
457 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
458 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
459 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
462 # Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
463 Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
464 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
466 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
467 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
468 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
469 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 30
470 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
474 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
475 Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
476 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
480 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
481 Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
482 -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
483 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
484 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
488 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
489 # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
490 # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
491 # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
492 # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
493 # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
495 # From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
496 # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
497 # Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
498 # Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
499 # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
500 # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
502 # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
503 # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
504 # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
505 # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
506 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
507 # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
508 # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
509 # (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
510 # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
511 # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
512 # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
513 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
514 # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
515 # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
516 # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
517 # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
518 # Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
519 # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
521 # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
522 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
523 # Brazilian official page
526 # From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
527 # [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
528 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
529 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
531 # From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09):
532 # The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil.
534 # Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and
535 # the results are known almost immediately. Yesterday, it was the first
536 # round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President,
537 # Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies. Nobody is
538 # counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second
539 # round for the Presidency and also for some Governors. The 2nd round will
540 # take place on October 27th.
542 # The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands
543 # of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the
544 # Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM,
545 # the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution
546 # (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)...
548 # From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04):
549 # It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly
550 # modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
551 # with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections.
553 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-20):
554 # Brazil will start DST on 2007-10-14 00:00 and end on 2008-02-17 00:00:
555 # http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do;jsessionid=BBA06811AFCAAC28F0285210913513DA?newsId=13975
557 # From Paul Schulze (2008-06-24):
558 # ...by law number 11.662 of April 24, 2008 (published in the "Diario
559 # Oficial da Uniao"...) in Brazil there are changes in the timezones,
560 # effective today (00:00am at June 24, 2008) as follows:
562 # a) The timezone UTC+5 is e[x]tinguished, with all the Acre state and the
563 # part of the Amazonas state that had this timezone now being put to the
565 # b) The whole Para state now is put at timezone UTC+3, instead of just
566 # part of it, as was before.
568 # This change follows a proposal of senator Tiao Viana of Acre state, that
569 # proposed it due to concerns about open television channels displaying
570 # programs inappropriate to youths in the states that had the timezone
571 # UTC+5 too early in the night. In the occasion, some more corrections
572 # were proposed, trying to unify the timezones of any given state. This
573 # change modifies timezone rules defined in decree 2.784 of 18 June,
576 # From Rodrigo Severo (2008-06-24):
577 # Just correcting the URL:
578 # <a href="https://www.in.gov.br/imprensa/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=3Ddo&secao=3D1&pagina=3D1&data=3D25/04/2008">
579 # https://www.in.gov.br/imprensa/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=3Ddo&secao=3D1&pagina=3D1&data=3D25/04/2008
582 # As a result of the above Decree I believe the America/Rio_Branco
583 # timezone shall be modified from UTC-5 to UTC-4 and a new timezone shall
584 # be created to represent the the west side of the Para State. I
585 # suggest this new timezone be called Santarem as the most
586 # important/populated city in the affected area.
588 # This new timezone would be the same as the Rio_Branco timezone up to
589 # the 2008/06/24 change which would be to UTC-3 instead of UTC-4.
591 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-24):
592 # This is a quick reference page for New and Old Brazil Time Zones map.
593 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/brazil-time-new-old.php">
594 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/brazil-time-new-old.php
597 # - 4 time zones replaced by 3 time zones-eliminating time zone UTC- 05
598 # (state Acre and the part of the Amazonas will be UTC/GMT- 04) - western
599 # part of Par state is moving to one timezone UTC- 03 (from UTC -04).
601 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10):
602 # The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from
603 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
604 # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
607 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-29):
608 # As announced by the government and many newspapers in Brazil late
609 # yesterday, Brazil will start DST on 2008-10-19 (need to change rule) and
610 # it will end on 2009-02-15 (current rule for Brazil is fine). Based on
611 # past years experience with the elections, there was a good chance that
612 # the start was postponed to November, but it did not happen this year.
614 # It has not yet been posted to http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html
616 # An official page about it:
617 # <a href="http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do?newsId=16722">
618 # http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do?newsId=16722
620 # Note that this link does not always work directly, but must be accessed
622 # <a href="http://www.mme.gov.br/first>"
623 # http://www.mme.gov.br/first
626 # One example link that works directly:
627 # <a href="http://jornale.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13530&Itemid=54">
628 # http://jornale.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13530&Itemid=54
632 # We have a written a short article about it as well:
633 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html">
634 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html
637 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
638 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
639 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
640 Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
641 Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
642 Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
643 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
645 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
646 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
647 Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
648 Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
649 Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
650 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
651 Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
652 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
654 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
655 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
656 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
657 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
658 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
659 Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
660 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
661 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
662 Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
663 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
664 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
665 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
666 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
667 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
668 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
669 Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
670 Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
671 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
673 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
674 Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
675 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
676 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
677 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
678 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
679 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
680 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
681 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
682 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
683 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
684 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
685 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
686 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
687 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
688 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
689 # with the same exceptions
690 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
691 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
692 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
693 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
694 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
695 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
696 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
697 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
698 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
699 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
700 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
701 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
702 # adopted by same states.
703 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
704 Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
705 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
706 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
707 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22;
708 # web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
709 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
710 # adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
711 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
713 Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
714 Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
715 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
716 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
717 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
718 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
719 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
720 # From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
721 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
722 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
723 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
724 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
725 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
727 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
728 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
729 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
731 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
732 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
733 # adopted by the same states as before.
734 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
735 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
736 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
737 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
738 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
739 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
740 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
741 Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
742 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
743 # adopted by the same states as before.
744 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
745 # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
746 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
747 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
748 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
749 # (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
750 Rule Brazil 2000 2001 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
751 Rule Brazil 2001 2006 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
752 # Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
753 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm">4,399</a>
754 Rule Brazil 2002 only - Nov 3 0:00 1:00 S
755 # Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
756 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm">4,844</a>
757 Rule Brazil 2003 only - Oct 19 0:00 1:00 S
758 # Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
759 # <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm">5,223</a>
760 Rule Brazil 2004 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
761 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif">5,539</a> (2005-09-19),
762 # adopted by the same states as before.
763 Rule Brazil 2005 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
764 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5920.gif">5,920</a> (2006-10-03),
765 # adopted by the same states as before.
766 Rule Brazil 2006 only - Nov 5 0:00 1:00 S
767 Rule Brazil 2007 only - Feb 25 0:00 0 -
768 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV6212.gif">6,212</a> (2007-09-26),
769 # adopted by the same states as before.
770 Rule Brazil 2007 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
771 Rule Brazil 2008 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
772 Rule Brazil 2008 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
773 # The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
774 # DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
775 # For dates after mid-2008, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses
776 # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
778 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
780 # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
781 Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
782 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
783 -2:00 - FNT 1999 Sep 30
784 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2000 Oct 15
785 -2:00 - FNT 2001 Sep 13
786 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2002 Oct 1
788 # Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
789 # These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES),
790 # Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE).
791 # Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01;
792 # it also included the Penedos.
794 # Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
795 # East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
796 # The division between east and west Para is the river Xingu.
797 # In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
798 # the border with Amapa) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
799 Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
800 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
804 # West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
805 Zone America/Santarem -3:38:48 - LMT 1914
806 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
807 -4:00 - AMT 2008 Jun 24 00:00
810 # Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
812 Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
813 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
814 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
815 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
816 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
817 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
820 # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
821 Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
822 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
823 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
824 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
825 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
826 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
830 Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
831 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
832 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
833 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
836 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
837 Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
838 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
839 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
840 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
841 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
842 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
843 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
844 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
848 # There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
849 # of America/Salvador.
850 Zone America/Bahia -2:34:04 - LMT 1914
851 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
854 # Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
855 # Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
856 # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
857 Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
858 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
862 # Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
863 Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT 1914
867 Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
868 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2003 Sep 24
869 -4:00 - AMT 2004 Oct 1
873 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
874 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
878 Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
879 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
880 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
881 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
884 # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
885 # The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
886 # east from west Amazonas.
887 Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
888 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
889 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
890 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
893 # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
894 # Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
895 Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
896 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
897 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
898 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
899 -5:00 - ACT 2008 Jun 24 00:00
903 Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
904 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
905 -5:00 - ACT 2008 Jun 24 00:00
910 # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
911 # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
912 # of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
914 # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
915 # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
916 # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
918 # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
919 # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
920 # on April 3, (one-time change).
922 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08):
923 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
925 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-08):
926 # I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link
927 # from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4
928 # ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15
929 # (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but
930 # anyhow it clears up some doubts too.
932 # From Paul Eggert (2006-12-27):
933 # The following data for Chile and America/Santiago are from
934 # <http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm> (2006-09-20), transcribed by
935 # Jesper Norgaard Welen. The data for Pacific/Easter are from Shanks
936 # & Pottenger, except with DST transitions after 1932 cloned from
937 # America/Santiago. The pre-1980 Pacific/Easter data are dubious,
938 # but we have no other source.
940 # From German Poo-Caaman~o (2008-03-03):
941 # Due to drought, Chile extends Daylight Time in three weeks. This
942 # is one-time change (Saturday 3/29 at 24:00 for America/Santiago
943 # and Saturday 3/29 at 22:00 for Pacific/Easter)
944 # The Supreme Decree is located at
945 # <a href="http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf">
946 # http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf
948 # and the instructions for 2008 are located in:
949 # <a href="http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm">
950 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
953 # From Jose Miguel Garrido (2008-03-05):
955 # You could see the announces of the change on
956 # <a href="http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm">
957 # http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm
960 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
961 Rule Chile 1927 1932 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
962 Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
963 Rule Chile 1942 only - Jun 1 4:00u 0 -
964 Rule Chile 1942 only - Aug 1 5:00u 1:00 S
965 Rule Chile 1946 only - Jul 15 4:00u 1:00 S
966 Rule Chile 1946 only - Sep 1 3:00u 0:00 -
967 Rule Chile 1947 only - Apr 1 4:00u 0 -
968 Rule Chile 1968 only - Nov 3 4:00u 1:00 S
969 Rule Chile 1969 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
970 Rule Chile 1969 only - Nov 23 4:00u 1:00 S
971 Rule Chile 1970 only - Mar 29 3:00u 0 -
972 Rule Chile 1971 only - Mar 14 3:00u 0 -
973 Rule Chile 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
974 Rule Chile 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
975 Rule Chile 1973 only - Sep 30 4:00u 1:00 S
976 Rule Chile 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
977 Rule Chile 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
978 Rule Chile 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
979 Rule Chile 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
980 Rule Chile 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
981 Rule Chile 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
982 Rule Chile 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
983 Rule Chile 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
984 Rule Chile 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
985 Rule Chile 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
986 Rule Chile 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
987 Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
988 Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
989 Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
990 Rule Chile 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
991 # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
992 # which is used below in specifying the transition.
993 Rule Chile 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
994 Rule Chile 2009 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
995 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
996 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
997 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
998 Zone America/Santiago -4:42:46 - LMT 1890
999 -4:42:46 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
1000 -5:00 - CLT 1916 Jul 1 # Chile Time
1001 -4:42:46 - SMT 1918 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
1002 -4:00 - CLT 1919 Jul 1 # Chile Time
1003 -4:42:46 - SMT 1927 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
1004 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1947 May 22 # Chile Time
1006 Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:44 - LMT 1890
1007 -7:17:28 - EMT 1932 Sep # Easter Mean Time
1008 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 13 21:00 # Easter I Time
1011 # Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
1012 # Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
1013 # San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
1016 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1017 Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S
1018 Rule CO 1993 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
1019 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1020 Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
1021 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
1022 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
1023 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
1024 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
1028 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1029 # Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
1030 # -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
1031 # Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
1032 # 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say
1033 # Saba Island has been like Curacao.
1034 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
1036 # By July 2007 Curacao and St Maarten are planned to become
1037 # associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
1038 # Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
1039 # Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones
1040 # though, as far as we know.
1042 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1043 Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
1044 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
1049 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04):
1050 # Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992.
1051 # <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and
1052 # <http://www.hoy.com.ec/NoticiaNue.asp?row_id=249856> (2006-11-06) both
1053 # talk about "hora Sixto". Leave this alone for now, as we have no data.
1055 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1056 Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
1057 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
1058 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
1059 Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
1061 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
1065 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1066 # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
1067 # the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1069 # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
1070 # via Jesper Norgaard:
1071 # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
1072 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
1073 # September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
1074 # am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
1075 # Sunday 1 September.
1077 # From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
1079 # I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
1080 # time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
1081 # what was said then:
1083 # "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
1084 # did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
1085 # started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
1086 # There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
1087 # personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
1088 # uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
1089 # it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
1090 # and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
1091 # is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
1094 # I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
1095 # 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
1096 # not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
1098 # Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
1099 # Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
1100 # that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
1101 # West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
1102 # DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
1103 # it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
1105 # I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
1106 # which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
1107 # the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
1108 # customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
1110 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1111 # For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
1114 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1115 Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1116 Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
1117 Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
1118 Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1119 Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
1120 Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1121 Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
1122 Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
1123 Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
1124 Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
1125 Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
1126 Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
1127 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1128 Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
1129 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
1130 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
1131 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
1135 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1136 Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
1137 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
1141 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1142 Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
1143 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
1144 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
1146 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
1150 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1151 # Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
1152 # and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999
1153 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
1154 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1155 Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
1156 Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
1157 Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1158 Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
1159 Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
1160 Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
1161 Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
1162 Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
1163 Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
1164 Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
1165 Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
1166 Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
1167 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
1168 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
1169 # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
1172 # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
1173 # <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
1174 # Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
1176 # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
1177 # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
1178 # system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
1179 # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
1180 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
1181 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
1183 Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1184 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1185 Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
1186 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
1187 # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
1188 Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
1189 # From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
1190 # A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
1191 # dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
1193 Rule Para 2002 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
1194 Rule Para 2002 2003 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1196 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
1197 # There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
1198 # a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
1199 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
1200 # Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
1201 # From Carlos Raul Perasso via Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
1202 # <http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf>
1203 Rule Para 2004 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
1204 Rule Para 2005 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
1206 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1207 Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
1208 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
1209 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
1210 -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
1215 # <a href="news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net">
1216 # From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26):</a>
1217 # When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
1218 # sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
1220 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1221 # Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
1223 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1224 Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
1225 Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1226 Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1227 Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
1228 Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
1229 Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1230 Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
1231 Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1232 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1233 Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
1234 Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1235 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1236 Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
1237 -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
1238 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
1241 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1242 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
1243 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
1246 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
1249 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1250 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
1251 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
1252 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
1253 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
1254 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
1257 # Trinidad and Tobago
1258 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1259 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1263 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
1264 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
1265 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
1266 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1267 # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1268 Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
1269 Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1270 Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
1271 Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
1272 # Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
1273 Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
1274 Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
1275 Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
1276 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1277 Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
1278 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
1279 # and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1280 Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 HS
1281 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
1282 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
1283 Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
1284 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
1285 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
1286 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
1287 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
1288 Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1289 Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
1290 Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
1291 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
1292 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
1293 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
1294 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
1295 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
1296 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
1297 Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1298 Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
1299 Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1300 Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
1301 Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
1302 Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
1303 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
1304 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
1305 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
1306 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
1307 # Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
1308 # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
1309 Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
1310 Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
1311 Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
1312 Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
1313 # From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
1314 # The uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
1315 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm
1316 Rule Uruguay 2004 only - Sep 19 0:00 1:00 S
1317 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
1318 # Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
1319 # save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
1320 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm
1321 Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 -
1322 # From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
1323 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF
1324 # This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at
1325 # 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
1326 Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
1327 Rule Uruguay 2006 only - Mar 12 2:00 0 -
1328 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
1329 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF
1330 Rule Uruguay 2006 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
1331 Rule Uruguay 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 -
1332 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1333 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
1334 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
1335 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
1340 # From John Stainforth (2007-11-28):
1341 # ... the change for Venezuela originally expected for 2007-12-31 has
1342 # been brought forward to 2007-12-09. The official announcement was
1343 # published today in the "Gaceta Oficial de la Republica Bolivariana
1344 # de Venezuela, numero 38.819" (official document for all laws or
1345 # resolution publication)
1346 # http://www.globovision.com/news.php?nid=72208
1348 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1349 Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
1350 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
1351 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
1352 -4:00 - VET 2007 Dec 9 03:00
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