1 # @(#)northamerica 8.11
4 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
6 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
10 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
11 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
12 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
14 ###############################################################################
18 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
19 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
20 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
21 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
22 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
23 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
24 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
25 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
26 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
27 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
29 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
30 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
31 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
33 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
34 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
35 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
37 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
38 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
40 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
41 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
42 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
43 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
44 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
46 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
47 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
48 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
49 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
50 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
51 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
52 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
53 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
54 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
55 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
57 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
58 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
60 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
61 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
62 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
63 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
65 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
66 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
67 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
68 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
70 # From Arthur David Olson:
71 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
72 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
73 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
75 # From Arthur David Olson:
76 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
77 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
79 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
80 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
81 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
82 # An AltaVista search turned up
83 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
84 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
85 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
86 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
88 # From Joseph Gallant citing
89 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
90 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
91 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
92 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
93 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
94 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
95 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
96 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
98 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
99 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
101 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
102 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
103 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
104 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
105 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
108 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
109 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
110 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
111 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
113 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
115 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
116 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
117 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
118 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
119 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
121 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
122 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
123 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
124 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
125 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
126 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
127 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
128 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
129 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
130 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
133 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
134 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
136 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
137 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
138 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
139 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
140 # this time zone package.
141 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
142 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
143 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
144 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
145 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
147 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
150 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
151 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
152 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
153 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
154 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
156 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
157 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
159 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
160 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
161 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
162 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
164 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
165 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
166 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
168 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
169 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
170 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
172 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
173 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
174 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
175 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
176 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
177 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
178 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
179 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
180 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
181 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
182 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
183 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
184 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
185 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
186 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
188 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
189 # The above dates are for 1988.
190 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
191 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
194 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
195 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
196 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
197 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
198 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
200 # United States standard eastern time
201 # United States standard mountain time
202 # United States standard central time
203 # United States standard Pacific time
205 # United States standard Alaska time
207 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
208 # public law 98-181):
209 # Atlantic standard time
210 # eastern standard time
211 # central standard time
212 # mountain standard time
213 # Pacific standard time
214 # Yukon standard time
215 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
216 # Bering standard time
217 # And after 1983-11-30:
218 # Atlantic standard time
219 # eastern standard time
220 # central standard time
221 # mountain standard time
222 # Pacific standard time
223 # Alaska standard time
224 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
225 # Samoa standard time
226 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
228 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
229 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
230 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
231 # See the file "australasia".
233 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
234 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
236 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
237 # (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
238 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
239 # (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
240 # Sunday of March'; and
241 # (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
242 # Sunday of November'.
243 # (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
244 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
245 # (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
246 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
247 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
249 # (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
250 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
251 # Department study is complete.
253 # US eastern time, represented by New York
255 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
256 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
257 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
258 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
259 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
260 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
262 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
263 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
264 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
265 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
266 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
267 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
269 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
270 # According to today's Huntsville Times
271 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
272 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
273 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
274 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
275 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
276 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
279 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
280 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
281 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
282 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
283 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
284 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
285 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
286 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
293 # US central time, represented by Chicago
295 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
296 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
297 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
298 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
299 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
300 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
301 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
302 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
304 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
305 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
306 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
307 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
308 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
309 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
311 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
312 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
313 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
314 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
315 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
316 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
317 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
318 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
319 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
321 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
322 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
323 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
325 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
327 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
328 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
329 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
331 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
332 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
333 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
334 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
335 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
336 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
337 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
338 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
339 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00
342 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
344 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
345 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
346 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
347 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
348 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
350 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
351 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
352 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
353 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
354 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
355 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
356 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
357 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
359 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
361 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
364 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
366 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
367 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties),
368 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
370 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
371 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
372 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
373 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
374 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
375 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
376 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
377 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
383 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
385 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
386 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
387 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
388 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
389 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
390 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
391 # the Julian calendar.
393 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
394 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
395 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
396 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
397 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
398 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
400 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
401 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
402 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
406 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
407 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
409 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
410 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
414 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
416 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
417 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
419 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
420 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
421 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
423 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
424 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
426 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
427 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
430 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
432 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
433 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
435 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
436 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
439 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
441 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
442 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
444 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
446 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
447 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
448 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
450 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
451 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
452 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
453 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
454 # possibly until 1983:
456 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
457 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
458 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
459 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
460 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
461 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
462 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
463 # three votes for and one against."
467 # From Arthur David Olson:
468 # And then there's Hawaii.
469 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
470 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
471 # it's always standard as of 1986.
474 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
476 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
477 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
478 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
479 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
482 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
484 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
486 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
488 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
489 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
490 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
491 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
492 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
493 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
494 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
495 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
496 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
497 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
498 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
499 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
500 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
502 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
503 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
505 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
506 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
507 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
508 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
510 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
512 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
513 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
514 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
515 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
516 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
517 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
519 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
521 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
522 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
523 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
524 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
525 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties) and eastern Oregon
526 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
528 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
529 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
530 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
532 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
537 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
538 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
539 # What time is it in Indiana?
542 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
543 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
544 # with the following exceptions:
546 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
547 # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
549 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
551 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
552 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
554 # - Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, and Pulaski counties
555 # have been like America/Indiana/Vincennes.
557 # - Crawford, Pike, Starke, and Switzerland counties have their own time zone
558 # histories as noted below.
560 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
561 # and wrote ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
562 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
563 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
565 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
566 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
567 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
569 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
570 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
572 # From Nathan Stratton Treadway (2006-03-30):
573 # http://www.dot.gov/affairs/dot0406.htm [3705 B]
574 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2006-01-18):
575 # http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/382329_web.pdf [2.9 MB]
576 # From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
577 # It says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
578 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
579 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
580 # this rule is 2:OO a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
581 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
582 # Strictly speaking, this means the affected counties will change their
583 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously is in error. The intent
584 # is that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
586 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
587 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
588 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
589 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
590 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
591 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
593 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
595 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
596 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
597 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
603 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
604 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
605 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
606 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
607 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
608 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
609 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
610 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
611 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
613 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
615 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
616 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
621 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, and Pulaski Counties, Indiana,
622 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
623 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
624 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
625 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
626 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
627 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
628 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
629 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
630 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
631 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
632 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
633 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
634 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
636 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
639 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
642 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
643 # then switched back in 2006.
644 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
645 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
646 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
647 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
648 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
649 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
650 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
652 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
653 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
654 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
655 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
658 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
659 # then switched back in 2006.
660 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
661 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
662 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
664 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
665 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
666 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
667 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
668 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
669 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
670 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
671 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
673 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
674 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
675 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
676 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
679 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
680 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
681 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
682 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
688 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
689 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
690 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
691 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
692 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
693 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
694 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
695 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
696 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
697 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
698 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
699 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
701 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
703 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
705 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
706 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
709 # Wayne County, Kentucky
712 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
713 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
714 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
715 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
716 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
717 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
718 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
719 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
720 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
721 # location in the Central time zone.
723 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
724 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
725 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
726 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
727 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
729 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
730 # The final rule was published in the
731 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
732 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
735 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
738 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
742 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
743 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
744 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
745 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
746 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
747 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
748 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
749 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
751 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
752 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
753 # so omit that change for now.
754 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
755 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
756 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
757 # 1999-10-31. See the
758 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
759 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
761 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
762 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
763 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
767 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
768 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
770 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
771 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
772 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
775 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
776 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
777 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
778 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
779 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
780 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
783 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
785 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
786 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
787 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
788 # info, so omit this for now.
790 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
791 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
792 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
793 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
794 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
795 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
796 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
797 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
798 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
801 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
803 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
806 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
807 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
808 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
809 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
810 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
811 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
812 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
813 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
814 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
816 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
817 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
821 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
822 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
823 # also claimed by Haiti
824 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
825 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
826 # currently uninhabited
827 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
828 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
829 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
831 ################################################################################
834 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
835 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
836 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
837 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
839 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
840 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
841 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
842 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
843 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
845 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
846 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
848 # Other sources occasionally used include:
850 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
851 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
852 # which I found in the UCLA library.
854 # <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
855 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
858 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
862 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
863 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
864 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
866 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
867 # offset French English French English
878 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
879 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
881 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
882 # C: du Centre Central
883 # E: de l'Est Eastern
886 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
891 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
892 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
894 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
897 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01):
898 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
899 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
900 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
901 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
903 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-25):
904 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
905 # Here is a news release which was issued today by the Nova Scotia government:
906 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/news/details.asp?id=20060425004
908 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
909 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
910 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
911 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
913 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
914 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
915 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
917 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
918 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/Acts/2006CH03_UNPR.cfm?frm_isbn=0779744934
919 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
920 # http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm
922 # P.E.I. will follow US rules. The new legislation is not law yet.
923 # It passed first reading on April 20....
924 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_first/62/3/bill-101.pdf
926 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador.... The change is being considered.
927 # http://www.releases.gov.nl.ca/releases/2006/mpa/0331n01.htm
929 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
930 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
931 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
932 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
934 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
938 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
939 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
940 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
941 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
942 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
943 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
945 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
946 # href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
947 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
948 # </a> (updated periodically).
949 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
951 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
952 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
955 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
956 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
957 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
958 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
959 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
960 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
961 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
962 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
963 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
964 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
965 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
968 # Newfoundland and Labrador
970 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
971 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
972 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
973 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
974 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
976 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
977 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
978 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
979 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
980 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
981 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
982 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
983 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
984 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
985 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
987 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
988 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
989 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
990 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
991 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
992 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
993 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
994 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
995 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
996 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
997 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
998 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
999 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1000 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1001 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1002 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1003 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1004 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1005 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1006 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1007 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1009 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1010 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1011 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1012 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1013 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1014 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1015 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1016 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1019 # most of east Labrador
1021 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
1022 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1023 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1025 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1026 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1028 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1029 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1030 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1034 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1036 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1037 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1038 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1039 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
1040 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1041 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1044 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1045 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1046 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1047 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1048 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1049 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1050 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1051 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1052 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1053 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1054 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1055 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1056 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1057 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1058 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1059 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1060 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1061 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1062 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1063 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1064 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1065 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1066 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1067 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1068 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1069 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1070 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1071 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1072 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1073 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1074 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1075 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1076 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1077 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1078 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1079 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1080 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1081 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1082 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1083 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1084 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1085 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1086 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1087 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1088 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1089 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1090 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1091 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1092 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1094 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1095 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1096 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1098 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1103 # From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
1104 # New Brunswick's Time Definition Act
1105 # <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf> says they change at 00:01, and
1106 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1107 # clear that this has been the case since at least 1993.
1108 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1110 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1111 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1112 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1113 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1114 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1115 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1116 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1117 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1118 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1119 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1120 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1121 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1122 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1123 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1124 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1125 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1126 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1127 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1128 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1129 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1130 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1131 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1132 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1137 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1138 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Quebec has been
1141 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1142 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1143 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1144 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1145 # In "Official time in Quebec" the Quebec department of justice writes in
1146 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-regl-1-a.htm
1147 # that "The residents of the Municipality of the
1148 # Cote-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent and the municipalities of Saint-Augustin,
1149 # Bonne-Esperance and Blanc-Sablon apply the Official Time Act as it is
1150 # written and use Atlantic standard time all year round. The same applies to
1151 # the residents of the Native facilities along the lower North Shore."
1152 # <http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm>
1153 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1154 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1155 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1157 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1158 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1159 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1160 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1161 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1162 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1163 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1164 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1165 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1166 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1167 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1168 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1169 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1170 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1171 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1172 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1173 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1174 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1175 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1176 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1177 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1178 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1179 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1180 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1181 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1182 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1183 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1184 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1185 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1187 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1188 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1189 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1191 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1192 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1193 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1194 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1195 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1196 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1202 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1203 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1205 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1206 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1207 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1208 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1210 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1211 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1212 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1213 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1214 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1215 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1216 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1217 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1218 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1221 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1223 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1224 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1225 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1226 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1227 # He also writes that the
1228 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
1229 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1231 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1232 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1233 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1235 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1236 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1237 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1238 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1239 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1241 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1242 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1243 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1245 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1246 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1247 # the other half on eastern time.
1249 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1251 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1252 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1253 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1255 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1256 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1258 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1259 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1260 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1261 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1262 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1264 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1265 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1266 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1267 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1268 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1269 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1270 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1271 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1273 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1274 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1275 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1276 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1277 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1278 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1279 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1280 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1281 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1283 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1284 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1285 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1286 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1287 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1288 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1289 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1290 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1291 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1292 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1293 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1294 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1295 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1296 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1297 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1298 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1299 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1300 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1301 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1302 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1303 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1304 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1305 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1306 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1307 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1308 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1309 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1310 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1312 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1313 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1314 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1315 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1316 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1318 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1319 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1320 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1321 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1322 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1323 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1324 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1325 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1326 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1327 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1328 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1330 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1331 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1332 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1333 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1334 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1335 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1337 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1340 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1341 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
1344 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1345 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1346 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1348 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1349 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1350 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1352 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1353 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1354 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1355 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1361 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1362 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1363 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1364 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1365 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1366 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1367 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1368 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had =
1369 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1370 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1371 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1372 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1373 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1375 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1376 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1377 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1378 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1380 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1381 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1382 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1383 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1384 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1385 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1386 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1387 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1388 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1389 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1390 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1391 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1392 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1393 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1394 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1395 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1396 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1397 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1398 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1399 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1400 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1401 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1402 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1403 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1404 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1405 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1406 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1407 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1413 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1414 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1415 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1416 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1417 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1418 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1419 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1420 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1423 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1424 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1425 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1427 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1428 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1429 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1430 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1431 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1432 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1434 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1435 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1436 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1437 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1438 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1440 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1441 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1442 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1443 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1445 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1446 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1447 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1448 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1449 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1450 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1451 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1453 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1454 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1455 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1456 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1457 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1458 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1460 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1461 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1462 # long and rather painful to read.
1463 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1465 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1466 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1467 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1468 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1469 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1470 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1471 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1472 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1473 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1474 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1475 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1476 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1477 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1478 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1479 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1480 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1481 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1482 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1484 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1485 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1486 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1487 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1488 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1489 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1490 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1491 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1493 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1494 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1495 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1496 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1502 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1503 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1504 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1505 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1506 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1507 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1508 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1509 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1510 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1511 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1512 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1513 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1514 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1515 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1516 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1517 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1518 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1519 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1520 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1521 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1528 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1529 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1530 # been like Vancouver.
1531 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1532 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1534 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1535 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1536 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1537 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1538 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1539 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1540 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1541 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1542 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1543 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1544 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1545 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1546 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1548 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1549 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1550 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1554 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1556 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1557 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1558 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1559 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1560 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1561 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1562 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1563 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1564 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1565 # Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
1567 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1568 # Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
1569 # act which was last updated in 1987:
1570 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
1572 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1573 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1574 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1575 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1578 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1579 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1580 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1582 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1583 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1584 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1585 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1586 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1587 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1589 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1590 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1591 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1593 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1595 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1596 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1598 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1600 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1602 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1603 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1604 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1605 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1606 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1607 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1608 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1609 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1610 # the current state of affairs.
1612 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1613 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1614 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1615 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1616 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1617 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1618 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1620 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1621 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1622 # for these potential new Zones.
1624 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1625 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1626 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1627 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1628 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1629 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1630 # required to use daylight savings.
1633 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1634 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1635 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1636 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1637 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1638 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1639 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1640 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1641 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1642 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1643 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1644 # unified time zone in 1999.
1646 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1647 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1649 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1650 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1652 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1653 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1654 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1655 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1656 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1657 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1658 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1660 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1662 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1663 # According to maps at
1664 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1665 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1666 # (both dated 2003), and
1667 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1668 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1669 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1670 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1671 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1672 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1673 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1675 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1676 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1677 # daylight saving only during wartime.
1679 # From Chris Walton (2006-07-19):
1680 # The government of Yukon Territory ... recently announced it will extend
1681 # daylight saving in 2007.... http://www.gov.yk.ca/news/2006/06-164.html
1683 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1684 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1685 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1686 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1687 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1688 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1689 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1690 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1691 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1692 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1693 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1694 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1695 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1696 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1697 Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
1698 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1699 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1700 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1702 Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
1703 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1704 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1706 # Now subsumed by America/Atikokan.
1707 #Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884
1708 # -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946
1710 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:20 - LMT 1884
1711 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1712 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1714 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
1715 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1716 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1717 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1718 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1720 Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
1721 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1723 Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:52 - LMT 1884
1724 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1725 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1727 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1728 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1729 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1731 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1732 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1733 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1737 ###############################################################################
1741 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1742 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1743 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1744 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1745 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1748 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
1749 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1750 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1751 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1752 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
1753 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1755 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1756 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1757 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1758 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1759 # the relevant documents.
1761 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
1762 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1763 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1765 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1767 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1768 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1770 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1771 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1772 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1773 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1775 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1776 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1781 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1786 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1788 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1789 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1790 # For an English translation of the decree, see
1791 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
1792 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
1795 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1796 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
1797 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
1799 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
1800 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
1801 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
1802 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
1803 # Arizona year round.
1805 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
1806 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
1807 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
1808 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
1809 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
1812 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
1813 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
1815 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
1816 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
1818 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
1819 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
1820 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
1822 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
1823 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
1824 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
1825 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
1826 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
1827 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
1828 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
1829 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
1831 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
1832 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
1833 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
1834 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
1836 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
1838 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
1839 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
1841 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
1842 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
1843 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
1844 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
1845 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
1846 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
1848 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
1850 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
1851 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
1852 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
1853 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
1854 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
1855 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
1856 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
1857 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
1858 # September 30, 2001.
1859 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
1860 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
1862 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
1863 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
1864 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
1865 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
1866 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
1867 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
1868 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
1869 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
1871 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
1872 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
1873 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
1874 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
1875 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
1877 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1878 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
1879 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
1880 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
1881 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
1882 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
1883 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
1884 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
1885 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
1886 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1887 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1888 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1889 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1890 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1891 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1892 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1894 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
1895 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1896 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
1899 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
1900 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1901 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
1903 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
1904 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
1909 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
1910 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1911 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1912 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1913 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1914 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1915 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
1916 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
1919 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
1920 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1921 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1922 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1923 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1924 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1926 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
1927 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
1930 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
1931 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1932 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1933 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1934 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1935 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1936 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1937 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1939 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
1941 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
1942 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
1943 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1944 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1945 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1946 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1947 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1948 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1949 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1953 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
1955 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1956 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
1957 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
1958 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
1959 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
1960 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
1961 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
1962 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
1963 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
1968 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
1969 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
1971 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1972 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
1973 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
1974 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
1975 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
1976 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
1977 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
1978 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
1979 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
1980 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
1981 # name or contents should be.
1986 ###############################################################################
1989 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1990 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1993 # Antigua and Barbuda
1994 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1995 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2001 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2002 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2003 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2004 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2006 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2007 Rule Bahamas 1964 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2008 Rule Bahamas 1964 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2009 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2010 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2011 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2015 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2016 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2017 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2018 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2019 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2020 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2021 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2022 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2023 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2027 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2028 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2029 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
2030 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
2031 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
2032 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
2033 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
2034 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
2035 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2036 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2041 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2043 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2044 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2045 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2046 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2047 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2049 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2050 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2051 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2052 -4:00 Bahamas A%sT 1976
2056 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2057 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
2058 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2062 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2063 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2064 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2065 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2066 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2067 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2068 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2069 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2070 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
2071 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2072 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
2073 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
2076 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2080 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2081 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2082 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2083 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2084 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2085 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2086 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2087 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2088 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
2089 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2091 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2092 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2093 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2094 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2095 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2096 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2097 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2098 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2100 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2101 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2102 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2103 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2105 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2106 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2107 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2108 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2109 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2110 # watches should be set back one hour -- going back to 00:00 hours -- returning
2111 # to the normal schedule....
2113 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2114 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2115 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2116 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2117 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2118 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2119 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2120 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2121 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2122 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2123 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2124 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2125 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2126 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2127 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2128 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2129 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2130 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2131 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2132 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2133 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2134 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2135 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2136 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2137 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2138 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2139 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2140 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2141 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2142 Rule Cuba 2000 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2143 Rule Cuba 2006 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2145 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2146 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2147 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2151 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2152 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
2155 # Dominican Republic
2157 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2158 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
2159 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
2160 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
2162 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2163 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
2165 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
2166 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
2167 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
2168 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
2169 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
2170 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
2171 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
2172 # decided to revert.
2175 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2176 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
2177 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
2178 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
2179 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
2180 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
2181 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
2182 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2183 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
2184 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
2185 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
2186 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
2187 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
2192 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2193 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2194 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2195 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
2196 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
2197 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2198 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
2202 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2203 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
2207 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2208 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
2213 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
2214 # Diario Co Latino, at
2215 # http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079,
2216 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
2217 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
2218 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
2219 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
2220 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
2221 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
2222 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
2223 # <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>.
2225 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2226 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
2227 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
2228 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
2229 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
2230 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
2231 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
2232 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
2233 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
2234 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2235 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
2239 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
2240 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
2241 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
2242 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
2243 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
2244 # </a>. Translated from French, it says:
2246 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
2247 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
2248 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
2249 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
2250 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
2252 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
2253 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
2254 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
2257 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
2259 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
2260 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
2261 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
2262 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
2263 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
2265 # I have found this article about it (in French):
2266 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
2268 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
2271 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2272 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
2273 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2274 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2275 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
2277 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
2278 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
2279 Rule Haiti 2005 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2280 Rule Haiti 2005 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2281 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2282 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
2283 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
2287 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
2289 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
2290 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
2291 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
2292 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
2293 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
2294 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
2296 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
2297 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
2298 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
2299 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
2301 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
2302 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08)
2303 # <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>.
2304 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
2306 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
2307 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
2308 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
2309 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
2311 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2312 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2313 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2314 Rule Hond 2006 2009 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2315 Rule Hond 2006 2009 - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
2316 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2317 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
2320 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
2324 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
2327 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
2328 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
2330 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
2331 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2332 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
2333 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2334 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2339 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2340 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
2341 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
2342 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
2343 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
2347 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2348 # In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
2349 # world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
2350 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2351 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill
2356 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
2358 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
2359 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
2360 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
2361 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
2362 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
2363 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
2364 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
2365 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
2366 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
2368 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
2369 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
2370 # assume that it is daylight saving....
2372 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
2373 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
2374 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
2375 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
2376 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
2377 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
2378 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
2379 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
2380 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
2381 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
2383 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
2384 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
2385 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
2388 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
2389 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
2390 # (my informal translation)
2391 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolanos, Nicaragua
2392 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
2393 # morning, and will stay that way until 30.th. of september.
2395 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
2396 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
2397 # My informal translation runs:
2398 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
2399 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
2401 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2402 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
2403 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
2404 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
2405 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2406 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
2407 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
2408 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2409 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
2410 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
2411 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
2412 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
2413 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
2414 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
2420 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2421 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
2422 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
2426 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
2427 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2428 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
2429 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
2434 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2435 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
2439 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2440 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
2441 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
2444 # St Pierre and Miquelon
2445 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
2446 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2447 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
2448 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
2449 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
2452 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
2453 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2454 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
2455 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
2459 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2460 # Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
2461 # says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
2462 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2463 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2464 Rule TC 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2465 Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2466 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2467 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
2468 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2472 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2473 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
2477 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2478 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
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