2 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
3 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
5 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
7 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
8 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
9 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
11 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
12 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
13 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
15 ###############################################################################
19 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
20 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
21 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
22 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
23 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
24 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
25 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
26 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
27 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
28 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
30 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
31 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
32 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
34 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
35 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
36 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
37 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
38 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
39 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
41 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
42 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
43 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
44 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
45 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
47 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
48 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
49 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
50 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
51 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
52 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
53 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
54 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
55 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
56 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
58 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
59 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
61 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
62 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
63 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
64 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
66 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
67 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
68 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
69 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
71 # From Arthur David Olson:
72 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
73 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
74 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
76 # From Arthur David Olson:
77 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
78 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
80 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
81 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
82 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
83 # An AltaVista search turned up
84 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
85 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
86 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
87 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
89 # From Joseph Gallant citing
90 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
91 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
92 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
93 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
94 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
95 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
96 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
97 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
99 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
100 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
102 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
103 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
104 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
105 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
106 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
109 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
110 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
111 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
112 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
114 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
116 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
117 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
118 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
119 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
120 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
122 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
123 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
124 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
125 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
126 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
127 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
128 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
129 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
130 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
133 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
134 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
135 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
137 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
138 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
139 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
140 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
141 # this time zone package.
142 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
143 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
144 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
145 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
146 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
148 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
151 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
152 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
153 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
154 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
155 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
157 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
158 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
160 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
161 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
162 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
163 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
165 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
166 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
167 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
169 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
170 # The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time.
171 # I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
173 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
174 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
175 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
176 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
177 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
178 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
179 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
180 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
181 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
182 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
183 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
184 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
185 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
186 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
187 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
189 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
190 # The above dates are for 1988.
191 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
192 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
195 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
196 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
197 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
198 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
199 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
201 # United States standard eastern time
202 # United States standard mountain time
203 # United States standard central time
204 # United States standard Pacific time
206 # United States standard Alaska time
208 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
209 # public law 98-181):
210 # Atlantic standard time
211 # eastern standard time
212 # central standard time
213 # mountain standard time
214 # Pacific standard time
215 # Yukon standard time
216 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
217 # Bering standard time
218 # And after 1983-11-30:
219 # Atlantic standard time
220 # eastern standard time
221 # central standard time
222 # mountain standard time
223 # Pacific standard time
224 # Alaska standard time
225 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
226 # Samoa standard time
227 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
229 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
230 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
231 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
232 # See the file "australasia".
234 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
235 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
237 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
238 # (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
239 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
240 # (1) by striking 'first Sunday of April' and inserting 'second
241 # Sunday of March'; and
242 # (2) by striking 'last Sunday of October' and inserting 'first
243 # Sunday of November'.
244 # (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
245 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
246 # (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
247 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
248 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
250 # (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
251 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
252 # Department study is complete.
254 # US eastern time, represented by New York
256 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
257 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
258 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
259 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
260 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
261 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
263 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
264 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
265 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
266 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
267 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
268 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
270 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
271 # According to today's Huntsville Times
272 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
273 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
274 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
275 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
276 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
277 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
280 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
281 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
282 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
283 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
284 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
285 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
286 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
287 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
294 # US central time, represented by Chicago
296 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
297 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
298 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
299 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
300 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
301 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
302 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
303 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
305 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
306 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
307 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
308 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
309 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
310 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
312 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
313 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
314 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
315 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
317 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
318 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
319 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
320 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
321 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
322 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
323 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
324 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
325 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
327 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
328 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
329 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
331 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
333 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
334 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
335 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
337 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
338 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
339 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
340 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
341 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
342 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
343 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
344 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
345 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00
348 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
349 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
350 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
351 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
352 # <a href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm">
353 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
355 # <a href="http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html">
356 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
359 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
360 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
361 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
362 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
363 # at 4715'51" north, 10146'40" west, which yields an offset of 6h47'07".
365 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
366 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
369 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
371 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
372 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
373 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
374 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
375 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
377 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
378 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
379 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
380 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
381 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
382 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
383 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
384 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
386 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
388 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
391 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
393 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
394 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties,
395 # and the northern three-quarters of Idaho county),
396 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
398 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
399 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
400 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
401 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
402 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
403 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
404 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
405 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
411 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
413 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
414 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
415 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
416 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
417 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
418 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
419 # the Julian calendar.
421 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
422 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
423 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
424 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
425 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
426 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
429 # From Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31):
430 # The author lives in Alaska and many of the references listed are only
431 # available to Alaskan residents.
433 # <a href="http://www.alaskahistoricalsociety.org/index.cfm?section=discover%20alaska&page=Glimpses%20of%20the%20Past&viewpost=2&ContentId=98">
434 # http://www.alaskahistoricalsociety.org/index.cfm?section=discover%20alaska&page=Glimpses%20of%20the%20Past&viewpost=2&ContentId=98
437 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
438 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
440 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
441 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
442 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
445 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
446 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
447 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
449 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
450 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
452 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
453 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
455 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
458 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
459 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
460 # Community office (using contact information available at
461 # <a href="http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla">
462 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
464 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
465 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
466 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no--they were on their
467 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
468 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
470 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
471 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
472 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
474 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
475 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
476 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
480 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
481 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
482 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
483 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
485 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
486 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
490 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
491 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
493 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
494 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
498 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
500 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
501 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
505 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
507 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
508 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
510 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
511 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
512 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
514 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
515 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
517 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
518 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
521 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
523 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
524 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
526 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
527 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
530 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
532 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
533 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
535 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
537 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
538 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
539 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
541 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
542 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
543 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
544 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
545 # possibly until 1983:
547 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
548 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
549 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
550 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
551 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
552 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
553 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
554 # three votes for and one against."
558 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
559 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
560 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
561 # the article is available at
562 # <a href="http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf">
563 # http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
565 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
566 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
567 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
568 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
569 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
570 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
571 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
572 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
573 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
574 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
575 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
577 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
578 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
579 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
580 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
581 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
582 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
583 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
584 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
585 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
586 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
587 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
588 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
589 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
590 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
592 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
593 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
595 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00 #Schmitt&Cox
596 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00 #Laws 1933
597 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00 #Laws 1933+12
598 -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 09 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2
599 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2
600 -10:30 - HST 1947 Jun 8 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2
603 Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
605 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
607 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
609 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
611 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
612 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
613 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
614 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
615 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
616 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
617 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
618 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
619 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
620 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
621 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
622 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
623 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
625 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
626 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
628 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
629 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
630 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
631 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
633 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
635 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
636 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
637 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
638 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
639 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
640 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
642 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
643 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
645 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
646 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
647 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
648 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
649 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
650 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
651 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
653 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
654 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
655 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
657 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
662 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
663 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
664 # What time is it in Indiana?
667 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
668 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
669 # with the following exceptions:
671 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
672 # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
674 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
676 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
677 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
679 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
680 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
682 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
683 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
684 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
685 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
687 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
688 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
689 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
691 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
692 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
694 # From Nathan Stratton Treadway (2006-03-30):
695 # http://www.dot.gov/affairs/dot0406.htm [3705 B]
696 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2006-01-18):
697 # http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/382329_web.pdf [2.9 MB]
698 # From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
699 # It says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
700 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
701 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
702 # this rule is 2:OO a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
703 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
704 # Strictly speaking, this means the affected counties will change their
705 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously is in error. The intent
706 # is that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
708 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
709 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
710 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
711 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
713 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
714 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
715 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
716 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
717 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
718 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
720 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
722 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
723 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
724 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
730 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
731 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
732 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
733 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
734 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
735 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
736 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
737 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
738 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
740 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
742 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
743 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
748 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
749 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
751 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
752 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
753 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
754 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
755 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
756 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
757 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
758 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
759 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
760 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
761 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
762 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
764 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
767 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
768 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
771 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
772 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
773 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
774 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
775 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
776 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
777 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
778 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
779 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
780 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
781 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
782 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
783 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
785 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
788 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
791 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
792 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
793 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
794 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
795 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
796 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
797 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
798 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
799 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
801 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
802 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
803 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
804 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
805 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
808 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
809 # then switched back in 2006.
810 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
811 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
812 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
814 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
815 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
816 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
817 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
818 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
819 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
820 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
821 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
823 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
824 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
825 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
826 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
829 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
830 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
831 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
832 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
833 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
834 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
835 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
836 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
837 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
839 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
842 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
843 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
846 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
847 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
848 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
849 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
855 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
856 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
857 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
858 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
859 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
860 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
861 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
862 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
863 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
864 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
865 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
866 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
868 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
870 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
872 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
873 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
876 # Wayne County, Kentucky
879 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
880 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
881 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
882 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
883 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
884 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
885 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
886 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
887 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
888 # location in the Central time zone.
890 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
891 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
892 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
893 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
894 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
896 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
897 # The final rule was published in the
898 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
899 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
902 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
905 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
909 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
910 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
911 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
912 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
913 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
914 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
915 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
916 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
918 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
919 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
920 # so omit that change for now.
921 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
922 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
923 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
924 # 1999-10-31. See the
925 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
926 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
928 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
929 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
930 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
934 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
935 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
937 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
938 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
939 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
942 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
943 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
944 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
945 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
946 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
947 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
950 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
952 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
953 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
954 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
955 # info, so omit this for now.
957 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
958 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
959 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
960 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
961 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
962 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
963 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
964 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
965 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
968 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
970 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
973 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
974 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
975 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
976 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
977 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
978 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
979 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
980 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
981 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
983 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
984 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
988 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
989 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
990 # also claimed by Haiti
991 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
992 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
993 # currently uninhabited
994 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
995 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
996 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
998 ################################################################################
1001 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1002 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
1003 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1004 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1006 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
1007 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
1008 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1009 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1010 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
1012 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
1013 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
1015 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1017 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1018 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1019 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1021 # <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
1022 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1025 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1026 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1028 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1032 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
1033 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1034 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1036 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
1037 # offset French English French English
1041 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1042 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1043 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1044 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1045 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1048 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1049 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
1051 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1052 # C: du Centre Central
1053 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1056 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1061 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1062 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1064 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
1067 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1069 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1070 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1071 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1072 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1075 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1076 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1078 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1079 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1080 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1082 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1083 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1084 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1086 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1087 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1088 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1089 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1091 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1092 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1094 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1095 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1098 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1100 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1101 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1102 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1103 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1105 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1108 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1109 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1111 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
1112 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1113 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
1114 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1115 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1116 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1118 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
1119 # href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
1120 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
1121 # </a> (updated periodically).
1122 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1124 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1125 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1128 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1129 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1130 # <a href="http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260">
1131 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1133 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1134 # The quote includes these two statements:
1135 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1136 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1137 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1138 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1139 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1141 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1142 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1143 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1145 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1146 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1147 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1148 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1149 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1150 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1151 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1152 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1153 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1154 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1155 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1158 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1160 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1161 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1162 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1163 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1164 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1166 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1167 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1168 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1169 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1170 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1171 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1172 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1173 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1174 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1175 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1177 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1178 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1179 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1180 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1181 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1182 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1183 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1184 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1185 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1186 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1187 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1188 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1189 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1190 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1191 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1193 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1194 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1195 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1196 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1197 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1198 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1200 # <a href="http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm">
1201 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1204 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1205 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1207 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1209 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1210 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1211 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1212 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1213 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1214 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1216 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1217 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1218 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1219 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1220 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1221 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1222 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1223 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1224 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1227 # most of east Labrador
1229 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1230 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1231 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1233 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1234 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1236 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1237 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1238 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1239 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1243 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1245 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1246 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1247 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1248 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
1249 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1250 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1253 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1254 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1255 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1256 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1257 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1258 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1259 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1260 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1261 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1262 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1263 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1264 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1265 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1266 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1267 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1268 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1269 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1270 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1271 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1272 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1273 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1274 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1275 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1276 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1277 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1278 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1279 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1280 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1281 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1282 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1283 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1284 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1285 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1286 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1287 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1288 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1289 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1290 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1291 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1292 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1293 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1294 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1295 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1296 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1297 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1298 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1299 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1300 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1301 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1303 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1304 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1305 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1307 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1312 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1313 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1314 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1315 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1316 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1317 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1319 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1320 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1321 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1322 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1323 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1324 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1325 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1326 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1327 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1328 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1329 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1330 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1331 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1332 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1333 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1334 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1335 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1336 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1337 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1338 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1339 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1340 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1341 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1346 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-30):
1347 # Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto.
1348 # However, because earlier versions of the tz database mistakenly relied on data
1349 # from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec differed from Ontario after 1970,
1350 # a separate entry was created for most of Quebec. We're loath to lose
1351 # its pre-1970 info, even though the tz database is normally limited to
1352 # zones that differ after 1970, so keep this otherwise out-of-scope entry.
1354 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1355 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1356 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1357 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1358 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Cote-Nord"
1359 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1360 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1361 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1362 # http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1363 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1364 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1365 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1366 # for post-1970 data America/Puerto_Rico.
1368 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1369 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1370 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1371 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1372 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1373 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1374 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1375 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1376 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1377 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1378 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1379 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1380 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1381 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1382 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1383 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1384 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1385 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1386 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1387 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1388 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1389 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1390 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1391 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1392 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1393 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1394 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1395 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1396 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1398 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1399 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1400 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1402 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1403 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1404 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1405 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1406 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1407 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1412 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1413 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1415 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1416 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1417 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1418 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1420 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1421 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1422 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1423 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1424 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1425 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1426 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1427 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1428 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1431 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1433 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1434 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1435 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1436 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1437 # He also writes that the
1438 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
1439 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1441 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1442 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1443 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1445 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1446 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1447 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1448 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1449 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1451 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1452 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1453 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1455 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1456 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1457 # the other half on eastern time.
1459 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1461 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1462 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1463 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1465 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1466 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1468 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1469 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1470 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1471 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1472 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1474 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1475 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1476 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1477 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1478 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1479 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1480 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1481 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1483 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1485 # Currently the database has:
1489 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1490 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1492 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1493 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1494 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1496 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1497 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1498 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1500 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1501 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1503 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1505 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1506 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1508 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1510 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1511 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1513 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1515 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1516 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1517 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1519 # <a href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S">
1520 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1523 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1525 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1526 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1527 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1528 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1529 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1530 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1532 # Province Daylight saving time used
1533 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1534 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1535 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1536 # Quebec In the following places:
1540 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madeleine
1541 # Verdun Loretteville
1542 # Westmount Richmond
1543 # Outremont St. Jerome
1544 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1546 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1547 # Melbourne La Tuque
1548 # St. Theophile Buckingham
1549 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1550 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1551 # used in the northwesterlhy part.
1552 # Manitoba Not used.
1553 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1555 # British Columbia Not used.
1557 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1558 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1560 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1561 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1562 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1563 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1564 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1565 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1566 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1567 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1568 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1570 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1571 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1572 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1573 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1574 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1575 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1576 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1577 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1578 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1579 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1580 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1581 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1582 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1583 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1584 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1585 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1586 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1587 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1588 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1589 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1590 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1591 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1592 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1593 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1594 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1595 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1596 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1597 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1599 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1600 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1601 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1602 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1603 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1605 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1606 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1607 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1608 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1609 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1610 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1611 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1612 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1613 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1614 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1615 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1617 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1618 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1619 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1620 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1621 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1622 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1624 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1627 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1628 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1631 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1632 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1633 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1635 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1636 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1637 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1639 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1640 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1641 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1642 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1648 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1649 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1650 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1651 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1652 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1653 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1654 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1655 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had =
1656 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1657 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1658 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1659 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1660 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1662 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1663 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1664 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1665 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1667 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1668 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1669 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1670 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1671 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1672 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1673 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1674 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1675 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1676 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1677 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1678 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1679 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1680 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1681 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1682 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1683 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1684 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1685 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1686 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1687 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1688 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1689 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1690 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1691 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1692 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1693 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1694 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1700 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1701 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1702 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1703 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1704 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1705 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1706 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1707 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1710 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1711 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1712 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1714 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1715 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1716 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1717 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1718 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1719 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1721 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1722 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1723 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1724 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1725 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1727 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1728 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1729 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1730 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1732 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1733 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1734 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1735 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1736 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1737 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1738 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1740 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1741 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1742 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1743 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1744 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1745 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1747 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1748 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1749 # long and rather painful to read.
1750 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1752 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1753 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1754 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1755 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1756 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1757 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1758 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1759 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1760 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1761 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1762 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1763 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1764 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1765 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1766 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1767 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1768 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1769 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1771 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1772 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1773 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1774 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1775 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1776 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1777 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1778 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1780 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1781 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1782 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1783 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1789 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1790 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1791 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1792 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1793 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1794 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1795 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1796 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1797 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1798 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1799 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1800 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1801 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1802 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1803 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1804 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1805 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1806 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1807 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1808 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1815 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1816 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1817 # been like Vancouver.
1818 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1819 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1821 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1823 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1824 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1825 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1826 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1827 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1828 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1830 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1831 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1832 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1833 # <a href="http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260">
1834 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1836 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1837 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
1838 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1840 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1841 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1842 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1843 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing the
1844 # article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the subject
1845 # of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1846 # <a href="http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56">
1847 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1850 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1851 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1852 # Exact date unknown
1853 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1854 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1855 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1856 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1858 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1859 # Creston did not change its clocks.
1861 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1862 # Creston did not oblige.
1864 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1866 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1867 # <a href="http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html">
1868 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1871 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1872 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1873 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1874 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1875 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1876 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1878 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1880 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1881 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1882 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1883 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1884 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1885 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1886 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1887 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1888 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1889 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1890 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1891 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1892 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1894 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1895 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1896 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1898 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
1899 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
1900 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
1903 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1905 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1906 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1907 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1908 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1909 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1910 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1911 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1912 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1913 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1914 # Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
1916 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1917 # Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
1918 # act which was last updated in 1987:
1919 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
1921 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1922 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1923 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1924 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1927 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1928 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1929 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1931 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1932 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1933 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1934 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1935 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1936 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1938 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1939 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1940 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1942 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1944 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1945 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1947 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1949 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1951 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1952 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1953 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1954 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1955 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1956 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1957 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1958 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1959 # the current state of affairs.
1961 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1962 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1963 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1964 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1965 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1966 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1967 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1969 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1970 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1971 # for these potential new Zones.
1973 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1974 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1975 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1976 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1977 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1978 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1979 # required to use daylight savings.
1982 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1983 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1984 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1985 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1986 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1987 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1988 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1989 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1990 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1991 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1992 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1993 # unified time zone in 1999.
1995 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1996 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1998 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1999 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2001 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2002 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2003 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2004 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
2005 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2006 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
2007 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2009 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2011 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2012 # According to maps at
2013 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
2014 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
2015 # (both dated 2003), and
2016 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2017 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2018 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2019 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2020 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2021 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2022 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2024 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
2025 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2026 # daylight saving only during wartime.
2028 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2029 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2030 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2031 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2032 # daylight saving....
2033 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2035 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2036 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2037 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2038 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2039 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2041 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2042 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2044 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2045 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2046 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2047 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2048 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2049 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2050 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2051 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2052 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2054 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2055 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2056 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2057 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2058 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2059 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2060 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2062 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2063 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2064 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2065 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2066 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2067 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2069 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2070 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2071 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2072 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2073 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2075 # <a href="http://www.uphere.ca/node/493">
2076 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2079 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2080 # Eastern Standard Time.
2082 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2083 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2084 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2085 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2087 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2089 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2090 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2091 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2092 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2094 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2095 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2096 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2097 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2099 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2100 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2101 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2102 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2103 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2104 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2105 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2106 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2107 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2108 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2109 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2110 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2111 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2112 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2114 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - zzz 1921 # trading post est.
2115 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2116 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2117 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2119 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2120 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - zzz 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2121 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2122 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2125 Zone America/Resolute 0 - zzz 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2126 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2127 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2128 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2129 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2132 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - zzz 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2133 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2134 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2136 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2137 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - zzz 1920 # trading post est.?
2138 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2139 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2140 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2141 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2143 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - zzz 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2144 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2146 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - zzz 1953 # Inuvik founded
2147 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2148 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2150 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2151 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
2152 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2154 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2155 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2156 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2160 ###############################################################################
2164 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
2165 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2166 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2167 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
2168 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2171 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2172 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2173 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2174 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2175 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2176 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2178 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2179 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2180 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2181 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2182 # the relevant documents.
2184 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2185 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2186 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2188 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2190 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2191 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2193 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2194 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2195 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2196 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2198 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2199 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2204 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2209 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2211 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2212 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2213 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2214 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
2215 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2218 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2219 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2220 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2222 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2223 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2224 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2225 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2226 # Arizona year round.
2228 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
2229 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2230 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2231 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2232 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2235 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2236 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2238 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2239 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2241 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
2242 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2243 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2245 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2246 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2247 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2248 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2249 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2250 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2251 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
2252 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2254 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
2255 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2256 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2257 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
2259 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2261 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
2262 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2264 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2265 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
2266 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2267 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2268 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2269 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2271 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2273 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
2274 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2275 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2276 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2277 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2278 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2279 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2280 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2281 # September 30, 2001.
2282 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2283 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2285 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2286 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2287 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2288 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2289 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2290 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2291 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2292 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2294 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2295 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2296 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2297 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2298 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2300 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2302 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2303 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2304 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2305 # > the United States.
2306 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2307 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2308 # <a href="http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/">
2309 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2311 # <a href="http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939">
2312 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2316 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2317 # <a href="http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf">
2318 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2320 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2322 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2323 # <a href="http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html">
2324 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2328 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html">
2329 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2332 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2334 # <a href="http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010">
2335 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2337 # includes this text:
2338 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2339 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2340 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2341 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2342 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2343 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2344 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2345 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2346 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2347 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2348 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2349 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2350 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2352 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2353 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2354 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2355 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2356 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2357 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2358 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2359 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2360 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2361 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2362 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2363 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2364 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2365 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2366 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2367 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2369 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2370 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2371 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2374 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2375 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2376 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2378 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2379 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2382 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2384 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2385 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2390 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2391 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2392 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2393 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2394 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2395 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2396 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
2397 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2399 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2400 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2401 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2402 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2403 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2404 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2405 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2407 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2408 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2409 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2411 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2412 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2413 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2414 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2415 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2416 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2417 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2419 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2420 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2423 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2424 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2425 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2426 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2427 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2428 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2429 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2430 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2432 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2435 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2436 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2437 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2438 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2441 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2442 # país, a partir de este domingo
2443 # <a href="http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748">
2444 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2447 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2449 # <a href="http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50">
2450 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50"
2454 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2455 # <a href="http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml">
2456 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2460 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html">
2461 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2464 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2465 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2467 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2469 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2470 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2472 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2473 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2474 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2475 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2476 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2477 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2478 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2479 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2483 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2484 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2485 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2486 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2487 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2488 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2489 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2490 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2492 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2495 # Baja California (near US border)
2496 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2498 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2499 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2500 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2501 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2502 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2503 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2504 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2505 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2506 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2511 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2512 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2513 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2515 # Baja California (away from US border)
2516 Zone America/Santa_Isabel -7:39:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:20:32
2518 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2519 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2520 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2521 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2522 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2523 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2524 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2525 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2526 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2531 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2532 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2534 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2535 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2536 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2537 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2538 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2539 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
2540 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2541 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2542 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2543 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2544 # name or contents should be.
2549 ###############################################################################
2552 # See 'southamerica'.
2554 # Antigua and Barbuda
2555 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2556 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2562 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2564 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2565 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2566 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2567 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2569 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2570 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2571 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2572 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2573 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2574 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2579 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2581 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2582 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2583 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2584 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2585 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2586 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2587 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2588 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2589 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2593 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2594 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2595 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
2596 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
2597 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
2598 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
2599 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
2600 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
2601 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2602 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2607 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2608 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2610 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2612 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2613 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2614 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2615 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2616 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2618 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2619 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2620 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2621 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2625 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2626 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
2627 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2632 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San Jose mean time; round to nearest.
2634 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2635 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2636 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2637 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2638 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2639 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2640 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2641 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2642 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2643 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2644 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
2645 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
2648 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2652 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2653 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2654 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2655 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2657 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2658 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2659 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2660 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2661 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2662 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2663 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2664 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2665 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
2666 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2668 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2669 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2670 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2671 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2673 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2674 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2675 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2676 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2677 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2678 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2679 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2680 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2682 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2683 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2684 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2685 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2687 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2688 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2689 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2690 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2691 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2692 # watches should be set back one hour -- going back to 00:00 hours -- returning
2693 # to the normal schedule....
2695 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2696 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html, dated yesterday,
2697 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2698 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2699 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2701 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2702 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2703 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2705 # He supplied these references:
2707 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2708 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2710 # From Alex Kryvenishev (2007-10-25):
2711 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2713 # [Regira] el Horario Normal desde el [proximo] domingo 28 de octubre
2714 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2716 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2718 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2719 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2720 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2721 # <a href="http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj">
2722 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2723 # </a>, a Cuban information station, and heard
2724 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2725 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2727 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2728 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2729 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2730 # <a href="http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm">
2731 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2734 # Some more background information is posted here:
2735 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html">
2736 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2739 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2740 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2741 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2742 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2743 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2744 # change some historic records as well.
2747 # <a href="http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm">
2748 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2751 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2752 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2753 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2754 # <a href="http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html">
2755 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2758 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsens information, the change
2759 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2761 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2762 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2764 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2765 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2766 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2767 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2769 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html">
2770 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2774 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2775 # I listened over the Internet to
2776 # <a href="http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj">
2777 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2779 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2780 # the time was announced as "diez cinco"--the same time as here, indicating
2781 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2783 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2784 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2785 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2789 # <a href="http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html">
2790 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2794 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html">
2795 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2798 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2799 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2800 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2802 # One source (Spanish)
2803 # <a href="http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html">
2804 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2808 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html">
2809 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2812 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2813 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2816 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2817 # <a href="http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril">
2818 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2822 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html">
2823 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2826 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
2827 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
2828 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
2829 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
2830 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
2831 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
2833 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2834 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2835 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2836 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2837 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2838 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2839 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2840 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2841 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2842 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2843 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2844 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2845 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2846 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2847 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2848 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2849 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2850 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2851 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2852 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2853 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2854 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2855 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2856 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2857 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2858 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2859 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2860 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2861 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2862 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2863 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2864 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2865 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2866 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2867 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2868 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2869 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
2870 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
2871 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
2872 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2874 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2875 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2876 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2880 # See 'southamerica'.
2882 # Dominican Republic
2884 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2885 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
2886 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
2887 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
2889 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2890 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
2892 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
2893 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
2894 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
2895 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
2896 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
2897 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
2898 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
2899 # decided to revert.
2902 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2903 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
2904 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
2905 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
2906 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
2907 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
2908 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
2909 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2910 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
2911 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
2912 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
2913 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
2914 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
2919 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2920 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2921 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2922 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
2923 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
2924 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2925 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
2931 # St Martin (French part)
2932 # See 'southamerica'.
2936 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
2937 # Diario Co Latino, at
2938 # http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079,
2939 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
2940 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
2941 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
2942 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
2943 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
2944 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
2945 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
2946 # <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>.
2948 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2949 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
2950 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
2951 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
2952 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
2953 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
2954 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
2955 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
2956 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
2957 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2958 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
2962 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
2963 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
2964 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
2965 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
2966 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
2967 # </a>. Translated from French, it says:
2969 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
2970 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
2971 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
2972 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
2973 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
2975 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
2976 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
2977 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
2980 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
2982 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
2983 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
2984 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
2985 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
2986 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
2988 # I have found this article about it (in French):
2989 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
2991 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
2993 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
2994 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
2996 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
2997 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
2998 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
2999 # So this means they have already changed their time.
3001 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3002 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3004 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3005 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3006 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3007 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3009 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3010 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3011 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3012 # are going to observe DST every year now...
3014 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3015 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3017 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3018 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
3019 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3020 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3021 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3023 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
3024 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
3025 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3026 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3027 Rule Haiti 2012 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3028 Rule Haiti 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3029 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3030 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
3031 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3035 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3037 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3038 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3039 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3040 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
3041 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3042 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3044 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3045 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3046 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3047 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3049 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3050 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08)
3051 # <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>.
3052 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3054 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3055 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3056 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
3057 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3059 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3060 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3061 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3063 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3064 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3065 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3066 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3067 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
3068 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3069 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
3072 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3075 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3076 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3077 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3078 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3079 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:11 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3080 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3081 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
3086 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3087 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3088 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3089 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3090 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3094 # See 'southamerica'.
3098 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3100 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3101 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3102 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3103 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3104 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3105 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3106 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3107 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3108 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3110 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3111 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3112 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3114 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3115 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3116 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3117 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3118 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3119 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
3120 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3121 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3122 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3123 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3125 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3126 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3127 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3130 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3131 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3132 # (my informal translation)
3133 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolanos, Nicaragua
3134 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3135 # morning, and will stay that way until 30.th. of september.
3137 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3138 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3139 # My informal translation runs:
3140 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3141 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3143 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3144 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3145 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3146 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3147 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3148 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3149 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3150 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3151 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3152 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3153 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3154 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3155 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3156 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3162 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3163 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3164 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
3168 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3169 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3170 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3171 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3177 # See 'southamerica'.
3179 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3180 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3181 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3182 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3183 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3184 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
3187 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3188 # See 'southamerica'.
3192 # From Chris Dunn in
3193 # <http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007>
3194 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3195 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3196 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3198 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3199 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3200 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3201 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3202 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3203 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3204 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3206 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-01):
3207 # Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
3208 # says they switch at midnight. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
3210 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3211 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
3212 Rule TC 1979 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
3213 Rule TC 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
3214 Rule TC 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3215 Rule TC 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3216 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3217 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3218 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3223 # See 'southamerica'.
projects / dragonfly.git / blob