1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
6 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
9 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
11 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
12 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
13 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
15 ###############################################################################
19 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
20 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
21 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
22 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
23 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
24 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
25 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
26 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
28 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-21):
29 # Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
30 # lines between time zones. The key individual who made time zones
31 # work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
32 # managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
33 # General Time Convention, a railway standardization group. Allen
34 # spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
35 # developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
36 # to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
37 # meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
38 # railway scheduling. By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
39 # railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18 at 12:00.
40 # That Sunday was called the "day of two noons", as the eastern parts
41 # of the new zones observed noon twice. Allen witnessed the
42 # transition in New York City, writing:
44 # I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time. Four
45 # minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
46 # Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
47 # of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
48 # abandoned, probably forever.
50 # Most of the US soon followed suit. See:
51 # Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
52 # http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
54 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
55 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
56 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
58 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
59 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
60 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
61 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
62 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
63 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
65 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
66 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
67 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
68 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
69 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
71 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
72 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
73 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
74 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
75 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
76 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
77 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
78 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
79 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
80 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
82 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
83 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
85 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
86 # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
87 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
88 # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
90 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
91 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
92 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
93 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
95 # From Arthur David Olson:
96 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
97 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
98 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
100 # From Arthur David Olson:
101 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
102 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
104 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
105 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
106 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
107 # An AltaVista search turned up:
108 # http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
109 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
110 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
111 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
113 # From Joseph Gallant citing
114 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
115 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
116 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
117 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
118 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
119 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
120 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
121 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
123 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
124 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
126 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
127 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
128 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
129 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
130 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
133 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
134 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
135 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
136 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
138 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
140 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
141 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
142 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
143 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
144 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
146 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
147 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
148 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
149 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
150 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
151 Rule US 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
152 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
153 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
154 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
155 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
156 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
157 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
158 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
159 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
161 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
162 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
163 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
164 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
165 # this time zone package.
166 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
167 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
168 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
169 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
170 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
172 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
175 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
176 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
177 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
178 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
179 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
181 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
182 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
183 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
184 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
185 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
186 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
187 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
188 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
189 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
190 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
191 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
192 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
193 # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
194 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
195 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
197 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
198 # The above dates are for 1988.
199 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
200 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
203 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
204 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
205 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
206 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
207 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
209 # United States standard eastern time
210 # United States standard mountain time
211 # United States standard central time
212 # United States standard Pacific time
214 # United States standard Alaska time
216 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
217 # public law 98-181):
218 # Atlantic standard time
219 # eastern standard time
220 # central standard time
221 # mountain standard time
222 # Pacific standard time
223 # Yukon standard time
224 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
225 # Bering standard time
226 # And after 1983-11-30:
227 # Atlantic standard time
228 # eastern standard time
229 # central standard time
230 # mountain standard time
231 # Pacific standard time
232 # Alaska standard time
233 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
234 # Samoa standard time
235 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
237 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
238 # Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
239 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
240 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
241 # Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
242 # Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
243 # and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
244 # as codified in 1966. In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
245 # before 1968. Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
246 # 1918 names 1967 names
247 # -08 Standard Pacific Time (PST) Pacific standard time (PST)
248 # -09 (unofficial) Yukon (YST) Yukon standard time (YST)
249 # -10 Standard Alaska Time (AST) Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
250 # -11 (unofficial) Nome (NST) Bering standard time (BST)
252 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
253 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
254 # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. See the file "australasia".
256 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
257 # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
258 # standard and daylight times. See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
259 # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
260 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
262 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
263 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
265 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
266 # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
267 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
268 # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
269 # Sunday of March"; and
270 # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
271 # Sunday of November'.
272 # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
273 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
274 # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
275 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
276 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
278 # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
279 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
280 # Department study is complete.
282 # US eastern time, represented by New York
284 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
285 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
286 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
287 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
288 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
289 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
291 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
292 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
293 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
294 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
295 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
296 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
298 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
299 # According to today's Huntsville Times
300 # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
301 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
302 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
303 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
304 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
305 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
308 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
309 # Four cities are involved. The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
310 # and Valley. Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
311 # because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
312 # corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
313 # time even after the mills closed. See: Kazek K. Did you know which
314 # Alabama towns are in a different time zone? al.com 2017-02-06.
315 # http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
317 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
318 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
319 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
320 # Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. Round to the
323 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
324 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
325 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
326 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
327 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
328 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
329 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
330 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
337 # US central time, represented by Chicago
339 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
340 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
341 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
342 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
343 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
344 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
345 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
346 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
348 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
349 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
350 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
351 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
352 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
353 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
355 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
356 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
357 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
358 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
360 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
361 # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
362 # the rest of Stanley County. Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
363 # uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
364 # Pierre so it simplifies schedules. I have lived in Stanley County
365 # all my life and it has been that way since I can remember. (43 years!)
367 # From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
368 # Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
370 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
371 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
372 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
373 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
374 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
375 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
376 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
377 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
378 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
380 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
381 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
382 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
384 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
386 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
387 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
388 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 2:00
390 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
391 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
392 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
393 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
394 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
395 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
396 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
397 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
398 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 2:00
401 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
402 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
403 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
404 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
405 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
406 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
408 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
409 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
410 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
411 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
412 # at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
415 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
416 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
419 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
421 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
422 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
423 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
424 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
425 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
427 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
428 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
429 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
430 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
431 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
432 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
433 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
434 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
436 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
438 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
441 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
443 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
444 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
445 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
446 # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
447 # Malheur county), and Washington
449 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
450 # In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
451 # PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
452 # causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day. (This did not change
453 # legal time, and is not part of the data here.) See:
454 # Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
455 # Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
456 # 1973-11. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
458 # In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
459 # at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
460 # the fallback transition earlier. See pages 3-4 of:
461 # http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
465 # Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
466 # to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
467 # factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
470 # On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
471 # (LA Times 1948-12-09). The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
473 # Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
474 # which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
475 # last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
476 # the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
477 # http://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
478 # http://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
480 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
481 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:01 1:00 D
482 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
483 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 1:00 1:00 D
484 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
485 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
486 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
487 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
493 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
495 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
496 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
497 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
498 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
499 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
500 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
501 # the Julian calendar.
503 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
504 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
505 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
506 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
507 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
508 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
510 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
511 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
512 # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
513 # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
514 # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
515 # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
517 # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
518 # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
519 # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
520 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
522 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
523 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
525 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
526 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
527 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
530 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
531 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
532 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
534 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
535 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
537 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
538 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
540 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
543 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
544 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
545 # Community office (using contact information available at
546 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
547 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
548 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
549 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
550 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
551 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
553 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
554 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
555 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
557 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
558 # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
559 # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
560 # between AKST and AKDT from now on....
561 # http://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
563 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
564 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
565 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
569 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
570 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
571 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
572 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
574 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
575 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
579 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
580 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
582 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
583 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
587 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
588 -8:00 - PST 2015 Nov 1 2:00
590 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
591 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
595 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
597 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
598 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
600 -10:00 US A%sT 1967 Apr
602 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
603 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
605 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
606 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
609 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
611 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
612 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
614 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
615 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
618 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
620 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
621 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
623 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
625 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
626 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
627 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
629 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
630 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
631 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
632 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
633 # possibly until 1983:
635 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
636 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
637 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
638 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
639 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
640 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
641 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
642 # three votes for and one against."
646 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
647 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
648 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
649 # the article is available at
650 # http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
651 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
652 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
653 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
654 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
655 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
656 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
657 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
658 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
659 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
660 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
661 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
663 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
664 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
665 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
666 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
667 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
668 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
669 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
670 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
671 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
672 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
673 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
674 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
675 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
676 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
678 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
679 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
681 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
682 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00
683 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
684 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00
685 -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 9 2:00
686 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
687 -10:30 - HST 1947 Jun 8 2:00
690 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
692 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
694 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
696 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
697 # Daylight Saving Time web page
698 # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
699 # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
700 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
701 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
702 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
703 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
704 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
705 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
706 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
707 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
708 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
710 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
711 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
713 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
714 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
715 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 0:01
716 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 0:01
717 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 0:01
719 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
721 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
722 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
723 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
724 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
725 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
726 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
728 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
729 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
731 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
732 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
733 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
734 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
735 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
736 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
737 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
739 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
740 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
741 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
743 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
748 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
749 # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
751 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
752 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
753 # with the following exceptions:
755 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
756 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
758 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
760 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
761 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
763 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
764 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
766 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
767 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
768 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
769 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
771 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
772 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
773 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
775 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
776 # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
777 # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
778 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
779 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
780 # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
781 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
782 # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
783 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent
784 # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
786 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
787 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
788 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
789 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
791 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
792 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
793 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
794 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
795 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
796 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
798 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
800 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
801 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
802 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
808 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
809 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
810 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
811 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
812 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
813 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
814 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
815 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
816 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
818 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
820 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
821 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
826 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
827 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
829 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
830 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
831 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
832 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
833 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
834 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
835 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
836 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
837 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
838 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
839 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
840 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
842 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
845 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
846 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
849 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
850 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
851 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
852 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
853 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
854 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
855 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
856 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
857 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
858 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
859 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
860 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
861 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
863 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
866 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
869 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
870 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
871 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
872 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
873 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
874 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
875 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
876 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
877 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
879 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
880 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
881 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
882 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
883 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
886 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
887 # then switched back in 2006.
888 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
889 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
890 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
892 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
893 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
894 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
895 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
896 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
897 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
898 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
899 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
901 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
902 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
903 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
904 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
907 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
908 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
909 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
910 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
911 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
912 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
913 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
914 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
915 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
917 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
920 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
921 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
924 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
925 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
926 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
927 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
933 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
934 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
935 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
936 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
937 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
938 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
939 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
940 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
941 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
942 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
943 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
944 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
946 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
948 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
950 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
951 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
954 # Wayne County, Kentucky
956 # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
957 # http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
958 # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
959 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
960 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
961 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
962 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
963 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
964 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
965 # location in the Central time zone.
967 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
968 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
969 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
970 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
971 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
973 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
974 # The final rule was published in the
975 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
976 # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22
978 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
981 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
985 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
986 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
987 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
988 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
989 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
990 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
991 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
992 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
994 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
995 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
996 # so omit that change for now.
997 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
998 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
999 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1000 # 1999-10-31. See the
1001 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1002 # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15
1003 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1004 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1005 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1009 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1010 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1012 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1013 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1014 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1017 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1018 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
1019 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
1020 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
1021 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1022 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1025 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1027 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1028 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1029 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
1030 # info, so omit this for now.
1032 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1033 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1034 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1035 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1036 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
1037 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1038 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1039 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
1040 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
1043 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
1045 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
1048 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1049 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1050 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1051 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1052 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1053 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1054 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1055 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1056 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
1058 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
1059 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
1063 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1064 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1065 # also claimed by Haiti
1066 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1067 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1068 # currently uninhabited
1069 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1070 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1071 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1073 ################################################################################
1076 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
1078 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1079 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1080 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1081 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1083 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1084 # for time zone data was the International Air Transport
1085 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1086 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1087 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
1088 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1090 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1092 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1093 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1094 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1096 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1097 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1100 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1101 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1103 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1107 # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1108 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1109 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1111 # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time
1112 # offset French English French English
1116 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1117 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1118 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1119 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1120 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1123 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1124 # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time
1126 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1127 # C: du Centre Central
1128 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1131 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1136 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1137 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1139 # Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1142 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1144 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1145 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1146 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1147 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1150 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1151 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1153 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1154 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1155 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1157 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1158 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1159 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1161 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1162 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1163 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1164 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1166 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1167 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1169 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1170 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1173 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1175 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1176 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1177 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1178 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1180 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1183 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1184 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1186 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1187 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1188 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1189 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1190 # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1191 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1193 # National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1194 # http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1195 # http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1196 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1198 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1199 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1202 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1203 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1204 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1205 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1206 # The quote includes these two statements:
1207 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1208 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1209 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1210 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1211 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1213 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1214 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1215 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1217 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1218 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1219 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1220 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1221 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1222 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1223 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1224 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1225 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1226 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1227 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1230 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1232 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1233 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1234 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1235 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1236 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1238 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1239 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1240 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1241 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1242 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1243 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1244 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1245 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1246 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1247 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1249 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1250 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1251 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1252 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1253 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1254 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1255 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1256 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1257 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1258 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1259 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1260 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1261 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1262 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1263 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1265 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1266 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1267 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1268 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1269 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1270 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1272 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1274 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1275 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1277 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1279 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1280 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1281 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1282 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1283 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1284 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1286 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1287 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1288 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1289 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1290 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1291 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1292 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1293 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1294 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1297 # most of east Labrador
1299 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1300 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1301 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1303 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1304 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1306 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1307 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1308 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1309 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1313 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1315 # From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1316 # From the historical weather station records available at:
1317 # https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1318 # Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1319 # likely to be the same across the island....
1320 # Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1321 # have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1323 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1324 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1325 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1326 # the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1327 # (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1328 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1329 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1332 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1333 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1334 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1335 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1336 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1337 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1338 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1339 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1340 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1341 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1342 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1343 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1344 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1345 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1346 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1347 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1348 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1349 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1350 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1351 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1352 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1353 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1354 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1355 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1356 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1357 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1358 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1359 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1360 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1361 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1362 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1363 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1364 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1365 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1366 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1367 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1368 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1369 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1370 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1371 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1372 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1373 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1374 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1375 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1376 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1377 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1378 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1379 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1380 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1382 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1383 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1384 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1386 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1391 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1392 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1393 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1394 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1395 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1396 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1398 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1399 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1400 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1401 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1402 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1403 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1404 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1405 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1406 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1407 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1408 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1409 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1410 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1411 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1412 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1413 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1414 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1415 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1416 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1417 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1418 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1419 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1420 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1425 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1426 # See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1428 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1429 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1430 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1431 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1432 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1433 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1434 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1435 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1436 # http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1437 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1438 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1439 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1441 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1442 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1443 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1448 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1449 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1451 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1452 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1453 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1454 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1456 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1457 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1458 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1459 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1460 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1461 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1462 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1463 # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1464 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1467 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1469 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1470 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1471 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1472 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1473 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1474 # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1475 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1476 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1477 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1479 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1480 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1481 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1482 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1483 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1485 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1486 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1487 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1489 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1490 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1491 # the other half on eastern time.
1493 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1495 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1496 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1497 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1499 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1500 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1502 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1503 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1504 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1505 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1506 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1508 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1509 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1510 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1511 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1512 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1513 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1514 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1515 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1517 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1519 # Currently the database has:
1523 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1524 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1526 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1527 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1528 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1530 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1531 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1532 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1534 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1535 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1537 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1539 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1540 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1542 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1544 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1545 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1547 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1549 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1550 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1551 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1553 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1555 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1557 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1558 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1559 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1560 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1561 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1562 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1564 # Province Daylight saving time used
1565 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1566 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1567 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1568 # Quebec In the following places:
1572 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine
1573 # Verdun Loretteville
1574 # Westmount Richmond
1575 # Outremont St. Jérôme
1576 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1578 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1579 # Melbourne La Tuque
1580 # St. Théophile Buckingham
1581 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1582 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1583 # used in the northwesterly part.
1584 # Manitoba Not used.
1585 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1587 # British Columbia Not used.
1589 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1590 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1592 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1593 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1594 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1595 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1596 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1597 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1598 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1599 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1600 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1602 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1603 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1604 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1605 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1606 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1607 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1608 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1609 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1610 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1611 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1612 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1613 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1614 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1615 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1616 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1617 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1618 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1619 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1620 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1621 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1622 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1623 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1624 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1625 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1626 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1627 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1628 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1629 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1631 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1632 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1633 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1634 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1635 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1637 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1638 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1639 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1640 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1641 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1642 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1643 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1644 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1645 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1646 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1647 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1649 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1650 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1651 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1652 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1653 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1654 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1656 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1659 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1660 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1663 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1664 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1665 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1667 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1668 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1669 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1671 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1672 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1673 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1674 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1680 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1681 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1682 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1683 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1684 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1685 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1686 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1687 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1688 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1689 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1690 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1691 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1692 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1694 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1695 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1696 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1697 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1699 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1700 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1701 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1702 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1703 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1704 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1705 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1706 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1707 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1708 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1709 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1710 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1711 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1712 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1713 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1714 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1715 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1716 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1717 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1718 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1719 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1720 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1721 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1722 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1723 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1724 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1725 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1726 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1732 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1733 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1734 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1735 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1736 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1737 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1738 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1739 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1742 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1743 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1744 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1746 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1747 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1748 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1749 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1750 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1751 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1753 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1754 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1755 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1756 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1757 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1759 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1760 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1761 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1762 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1764 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1765 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1766 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1767 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1768 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1769 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1770 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1772 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1773 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1774 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1775 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1776 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1777 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1779 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1780 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1781 # long and rather painful to read.
1782 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1784 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1785 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1786 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1787 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1788 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1789 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1790 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1791 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1792 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1793 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1794 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1795 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1796 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1797 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1798 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1799 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1800 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1801 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1803 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1804 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1805 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1806 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1807 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1808 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1809 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1810 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1812 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1813 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1814 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1815 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1821 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1822 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1823 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1824 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1825 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1826 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1827 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1828 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1829 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1830 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1831 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1832 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1833 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1834 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1835 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1836 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1837 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1838 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1839 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1840 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1847 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1848 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1849 # been like Vancouver.
1850 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1851 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1853 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1855 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1856 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1857 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1858 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1859 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1860 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1862 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1863 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1864 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1865 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1866 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1867 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
1868 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1870 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1871 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1872 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1873 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
1874 # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1875 # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1876 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1878 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1879 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1880 # Exact date unknown
1881 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1882 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1883 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1884 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1886 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1887 # Creston did not change its clocks.
1889 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1890 # Creston did not oblige.
1892 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1894 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1895 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1897 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1898 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1899 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1900 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1901 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1902 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1904 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1906 # From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1907 # Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year. So while previously they
1908 # were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1909 # America/Dawson_Creek.
1910 # http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1912 # From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1913 # This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1914 # America/Fort_Nelson. The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1915 # 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support. Effectively, the municipality has
1916 # been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1919 # From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
1920 # Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1922 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1923 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1924 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1925 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1926 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1927 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1928 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1929 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1930 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1931 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1932 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1933 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1934 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1936 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1937 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1938 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1940 Zone America/Fort_Nelson -8:10:47 - LMT 1884
1941 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1946
1943 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1944 -8:00 Canada P%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
1946 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
1947 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
1948 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
1951 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1953 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1954 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1955 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1956 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1957 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
1958 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1959 # [http://canlii.ca/t/7vhg]
1960 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1961 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1962 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1964 # From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
1966 # I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
1967 # regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
1968 # and relevant quote if available. Each regulation specifically revokes its
1969 # predecessor. The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
1970 # authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
1972 # Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
1973 # index, and only some via Canadian legal sources. Other sources used include
1974 # articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
1975 # Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
1976 # 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
1977 # and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
1978 # standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
1979 # with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
1980 # and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
1981 # and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
1982 # another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
1984 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
1985 # pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
1986 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
1987 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
1988 # Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
1989 # thirty-fifth meridian.
1991 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
1992 # JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
1993 # (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
1994 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
1996 # (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
1997 # hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
1999 # (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2000 # varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2002 # * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2003 # http://? - no online source found
2005 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2006 # Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2007 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2008 # Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2010 # 1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2011 # Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2013 # 2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2014 # Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2015 # 1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2016 # is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2017 # Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2019 # 3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2020 # longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2021 # hours behind Greenwich Time.
2023 # * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2024 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2025 # C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2027 # 1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2030 # 2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2031 # Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2032 # shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2033 # to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2035 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2036 # http://? - no online source found
2038 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2039 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2040 # O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2042 # In every year between
2043 # (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2044 # (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2045 # Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2046 # called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2048 # Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2050 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2051 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2052 # O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2054 # 1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2055 # behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2056 # in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2057 # in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2058 # Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2060 # 2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2062 # 3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2064 # * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2065 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2067 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2068 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2069 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2070 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2072 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2073 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2074 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2076 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2077 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
2078 # http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2079 # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2080 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
2081 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2083 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2084 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2085 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
2087 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2089 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2090 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2092 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2094 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2096 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2097 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2098 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2099 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2100 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2101 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2102 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2103 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2104 # the current state of affairs.
2106 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2107 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2108 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2109 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2110 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2111 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
2112 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2114 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2115 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2116 # for these potential new Zones.
2118 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2119 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2120 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2121 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2122 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2123 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2124 # required to use daylight savings.
2126 # From <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2127 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2128 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2129 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2130 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2131 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2132 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2133 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
2134 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2135 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2136 # unified time zone in 1999.
2138 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2139 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2141 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2142 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2144 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2145 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2146 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2147 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
2148 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2149 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
2150 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2152 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2154 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2156 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2157 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2158 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2159 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2160 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2161 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2162 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2164 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2165 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2166 # daylight saving only during wartime. Gwillim Law's email also
2167 # mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2168 # see above for an up-to-date link.
2170 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2171 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2172 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2173 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2174 # daylight saving....
2175 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2177 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2178 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2179 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2180 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2181 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2183 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2184 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2186 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2187 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2188 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2189 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2190 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2191 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2192 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2193 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2194 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2196 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2197 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2198 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2199 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2200 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2201 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2202 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2204 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2205 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2206 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2207 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2208 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2209 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2211 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2212 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2213 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2214 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2215 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2217 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2219 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2220 # Eastern Standard Time.
2222 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2223 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2224 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2225 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2227 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2229 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2230 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2231 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2232 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2234 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2235 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2236 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2237 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2239 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2240 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2241 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2242 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2243 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2244 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2245 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2246 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2247 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2248 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2249 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2250 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2251 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2252 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2254 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - -00 1921 # trading post est.
2255 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2256 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2257 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2259 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2260 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - -00 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2261 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2262 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2265 Zone America/Resolute 0 - -00 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2266 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2267 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2268 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2269 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2272 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - -00 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2273 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2274 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2276 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2277 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - -00 1920 # trading post est.?
2278 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2279 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2280 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2281 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2283 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - -00 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2284 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2286 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - -00 1953 # Inuvik founded
2287 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2288 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2290 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2291 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1967 May 28 0:00
2292 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2294 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2295 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2296 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2300 ###############################################################################
2304 # From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2305 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2306 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2307 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2308 # http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2310 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2311 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2312 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2313 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2314 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2315 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2317 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2318 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2319 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2320 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2321 # the relevant documents.
2323 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2324 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2325 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2327 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2329 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2330 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2332 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2333 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2334 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2335 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2337 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2338 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2343 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2348 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2350 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2351 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2352 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2353 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2354 # http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2356 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2357 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2358 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2360 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2361 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2362 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2363 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2364 # Arizona year round.
2366 # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2367 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2368 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2369 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2370 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2373 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2374 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2376 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2377 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2379 # http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2380 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2381 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2383 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2384 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2385 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2386 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2387 # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2388 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2389 # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2390 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2392 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2393 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2394 # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2395 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2397 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2399 # http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2400 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2401 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2402 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2403 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2404 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2405 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2406 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2408 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2410 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2411 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2412 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2413 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2414 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2415 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2416 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2417 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2418 # September 30, 2001.
2419 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2420 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2422 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2423 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2424 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2425 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2426 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2427 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2428 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2429 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2431 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2432 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2433 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2434 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2435 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2437 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2439 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2440 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2441 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2442 # > the United States.
2443 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2444 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2445 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2446 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2449 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2450 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2451 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2453 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2454 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2457 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2459 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2461 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2462 # includes this text:
2463 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2464 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2465 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2466 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2467 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2468 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2469 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2470 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2471 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2472 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2473 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2474 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2475 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2477 # From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2478 # The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2480 # http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2481 # "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2482 # of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2483 # end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2484 # was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2485 # zone along with the rest of the country."
2487 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2488 # http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2489 # "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2490 # of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2492 # Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2494 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2495 # The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2496 # been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2497 # http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2498 # It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2499 # 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2500 # includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2501 # 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2502 # states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2503 # de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2504 # 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2505 # state of Baja California.
2506 # 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2508 # 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2509 # longitude they are located at.
2511 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2512 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2513 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2514 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2515 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2516 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2517 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2518 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2519 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2520 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2521 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2522 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2523 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2524 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2525 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2526 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2527 # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2528 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2529 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2530 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2531 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2015 Feb 1 2:00
2533 # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2534 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2535 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2536 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2538 # Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2539 # This includes the following municipalities:
2540 # in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2541 # Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2542 # in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2543 # in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2544 # Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2545 # See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2547 # http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2548 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2551 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2553 # Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2554 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2559 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2560 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2561 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2562 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2563 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2564 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2565 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 2:00
2566 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2568 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2569 # This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2570 # Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2571 # (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2572 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2573 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2574 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2575 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2576 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2577 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2579 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2580 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2581 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2583 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2584 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2585 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2586 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2587 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2588 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2589 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2591 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2592 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2595 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2596 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2597 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2598 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2599 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2600 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2601 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2602 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2604 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2607 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2608 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2609 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2610 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2613 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2614 # país, a partir de este domingo
2615 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2617 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2619 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2622 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2623 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2624 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2626 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2627 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2629 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2631 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2632 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2635 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2636 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2637 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2638 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2639 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2640 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2641 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2642 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2647 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2648 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2649 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2650 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2651 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2652 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2653 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2654 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2656 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2660 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2662 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2663 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2664 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2665 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2666 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2667 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2668 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2669 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2670 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2675 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2676 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2677 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2679 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2680 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2681 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2682 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2683 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2684 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2685 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2686 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2687 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2688 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2689 # name or contents should be.
2691 # From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2692 # Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2693 # have come from a misreading of
2694 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2695 # It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2701 ###############################################################################
2704 # Antigua and Barbuda
2705 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2709 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2711 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2712 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2713 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2714 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2716 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2717 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2718 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2719 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2720 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2721 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2726 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2728 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2729 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2730 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2731 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2732 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2733 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2734 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2735 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2736 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2740 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2741 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2742 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 -0530
2743 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 CST
2744 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 CDT
2745 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 CST
2746 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 CDT
2747 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 CST
2748 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2749 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2754 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2755 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2757 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2759 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2760 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2761 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2762 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2763 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2765 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2766 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2767 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2768 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2772 # See America/Panama.
2776 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2778 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2779 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2780 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2781 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2782 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2783 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2784 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2785 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2786 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2787 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2788 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
2789 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2792 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2796 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2797 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2798 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2799 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2801 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2802 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2803 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2804 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2805 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2806 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2807 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2808 # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2809 # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2810 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2812 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2813 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2814 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2815 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2817 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2818 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2819 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2820 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2821 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2822 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2823 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2824 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2826 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2827 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2828 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2829 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2831 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2832 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2833 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2834 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2835 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2836 # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2837 # to the normal schedule....
2839 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2840 # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2841 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2842 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2843 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2845 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2846 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2847 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2849 # He supplied these references:
2851 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2852 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2854 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2855 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2857 # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2858 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2860 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2862 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2863 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2864 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2865 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2866 # a Cuban information station, and heard
2867 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2868 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2870 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2871 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2872 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2873 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2875 # Some more background information is posted here:
2876 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2878 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2879 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2880 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2881 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2882 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2883 # change some historic records as well.
2886 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2888 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2889 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2890 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2891 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2893 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2894 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2896 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2897 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2899 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2900 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2901 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2902 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2904 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2907 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2908 # I listened over the Internet to
2909 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2910 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2911 # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2912 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2914 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2915 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2916 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2920 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2923 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2925 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2926 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2927 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2929 # One source (Spanish)
2930 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2933 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2935 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2936 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2939 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2940 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2943 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2945 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
2946 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
2947 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
2948 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
2949 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
2950 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
2952 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2953 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2954 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2955 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2956 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2957 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2958 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2959 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2960 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2961 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2962 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2963 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2964 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2965 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2966 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2967 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2968 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2969 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2970 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2971 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2972 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2973 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2974 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2975 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2976 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2977 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2978 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2979 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2980 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2981 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2982 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2983 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2984 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2985 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2986 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2987 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2988 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
2989 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
2990 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
2991 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2993 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2994 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2995 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2999 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3001 # Dominican Republic
3003 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3004 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3005 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3006 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3008 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3009 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3011 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3012 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3013 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3014 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3015 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
3016 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3017 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3018 # decided to revert.
3021 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3022 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 EDT
3023 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 EST
3024 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 -0430
3025 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 EST
3026 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 EST
3027 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 EST
3028 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3029 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
3030 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3031 -5:00 DR %s 1974 Oct 27
3032 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 2:00
3033 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 1:00
3038 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3039 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3040 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3041 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3042 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
3043 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3044 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
3050 # St Martin (French part)
3051 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3055 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3056 # Diario Co Latino, at
3057 # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3058 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3059 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3060 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
3061 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3062 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3063 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3064 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
3065 # http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3067 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3068 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
3069 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
3070 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
3071 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
3072 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
3073 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
3074 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
3075 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
3076 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3077 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
3081 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3082 # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3083 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3084 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3085 # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says:
3087 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3088 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3089 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3090 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3091 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3093 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3094 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3095 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3098 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3100 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3101 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3102 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3103 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3104 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3106 # I have found this article about it (in French):
3107 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3109 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3111 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3112 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3114 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3115 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3116 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3117 # So this means they have already changed their time.
3119 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3120 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3122 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3123 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3124 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3125 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3127 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3128 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3129 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3130 # are going to observe DST every year now...
3132 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3133 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3135 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3136 # Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3137 # are not going on DST this year. Several other resources confirm this: ...
3138 # http://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3139 # http://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3140 # http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3142 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
3143 # We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
3144 # has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
3145 # I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
3146 # https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
3148 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3149 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
3150 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3151 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3152 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3154 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
3155 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
3156 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3157 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3158 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3159 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3160 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3161 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3162 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3163 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
3164 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3168 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3170 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3171 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3172 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3173 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
3174 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3175 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3177 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3178 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3179 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3180 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3182 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3183 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3184 # http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3185 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3187 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3188 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3189 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
3190 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3192 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3193 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3194 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3196 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3197 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3198 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3199 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3200 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
3201 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3202 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
3205 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3208 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3209 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3210 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3212 # Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3213 # Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3214 # Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US. Neita also writes that
3215 # Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3216 # (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3217 # and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3218 # Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia. See:
3219 # Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3220 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3222 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3223 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:11 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3224 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3230 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3231 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3232 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3233 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3234 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3238 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3242 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3244 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3245 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3246 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3247 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3248 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3249 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3250 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3251 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3252 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3254 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3255 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3256 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3258 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3259 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3260 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3261 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3262 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3263 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3264 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3265 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3266 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3267 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3269 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3270 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3271 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3274 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3275 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3276 # (my informal translation)
3277 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3278 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3279 # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3281 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3282 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3283 # My informal translation runs:
3284 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3285 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3287 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3288 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3289 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3290 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3291 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3292 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3293 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3294 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3295 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3296 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3297 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3298 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3299 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3300 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3306 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3307 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3308 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3310 Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3313 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3314 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3315 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3316 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3322 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3324 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3325 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3326 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3327 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3328 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3330 -3:00 Canada -03/-02
3332 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3333 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3337 # From Chris Dunn in
3338 # http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007
3339 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3340 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3341 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3343 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3344 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3345 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3346 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3347 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3348 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3349 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3351 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3352 # The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round. See:
3353 # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3354 # Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3355 # From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3356 # ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3357 # "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3358 # http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3360 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3361 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3362 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3364 -5:00 US E%sT 2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3369 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
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