## 14.5 Localizing DragonFly to Specific Languages ### 14.5.1 Russian Language (KOI8-R Encoding) ***Originally contributed by Andrey A. Chernov. *** For more information about KOI8-R encoding, see the [KOI8-R References (Russian Net Character Set)](http://koi8.pp.ru/). #### 14.5.1.1 Locale Setup Put the following lines into your `~/.login_conf` file: me:My Account:\ :charset=KOI8-R:\ :lang=ru_RU.KOI8-R: See earlier in this chapter for examples of setting up the [locale](using-localization.html#SETTING-LOCALE). #### 14.5.1.2 Console Setup * Add the following line to your kernel configuration file: options SC_MOUSE_CHAR=0x03 Insert the following line into `/etc/rc.conf`: mousechar_start=3 * Use following settings in `/etc/rc.conf`: keymap="ru.koi8-r" scrnmap="koi8-r2cp866" font8x16="cp866b-8x16" font8x14="cp866-8x14" font8x8="cp866-8x8" * For each `ttyv*` entry in `/etc/ttys`, use `cons25r` as the terminal type. See earlier in this chapter for examples of setting up the [console](using-localization.html#SETTING-CONSOLE). #### 14.5.1.3 Printer Setup Since most printers with Russian characters come with hardware code page CP866, a special output filter is needed to convert from KOI8-R to CP866. Such a filter is installed by default as `/usr/libexec/lpr/ru/koi2alt`. A Russian printer `/etc/printcap` entry should look like: lp|Russian local line printer:\ :sh:of=/usr/libexec/lpr/ru/koi2alt:\ :lp#/dev/lpt0:sd/var/spool/output/lpd:lf=/var/log/lpd-errs: See [printcap(5)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#printcap§ion5) for a detailed description. #### 14.5.1.4 MS-DOS® FS and Russian Filenames The following example [fstab(5)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#fstab§ion5) entry enables support for Russian filenames in mounted MS-DOS® filesystems: /dev/ad0s2 /dos/c msdos rw,-Wkoi2dos,-Lru_RU.KOI8-R 0 0 The option `-L` selects the locale name used, and `-W` sets the character conversion table. To use the `-W` option, be sure to mount `/usr` before the MS-DOS partition because the conversion tables are located in `/usr/libdata/msdosfs`. For more informations, see the [mount_msdos(8)](http://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command#mount_msdos&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;section8) manual page. #### 14.5.1.5 X11 Setup 1. Do [using-localization.html#SETTING-LOCALE non-X locale setup] first as described. **Note:** The Russian KOI8-R locale may not work with old **XFree86™** releases (lower than 3.3). **XFree86 4.X** is now the default version of the X Window System on DragonFly. This should not be an issue unless you explicitly install an older version of **XFree86** . 1. Go to the [russian/X.language](http://pkgsrc.se/russian/X.language) directory and issue the following command: # make install The above port installs the latest version of the KOI8-R fonts. ***'XFree86 3.3***' already has some KOI8-R fonts, but these are scaled better. Check the `"Files"` section in your `/etc/XF86Config` file. The following lines must be added ***before*** any other `FontPath` entries: FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/misc" FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/75dpi" FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/100dpi" If you use a high resolution video mode, swap the 75 dpi and 100 dpi lines. 1. To activate a Russian keyboard, add the following to the `"Keyboard"` section of your `XF86Config` file. For ***'XFree86 3.X***': XkbLayout "ru" XkbOptions "grp:caps_toggle" For **XFree86 4.X** : Option "XkbLayout" "ru" Option "XkbOptions" "grp:caps_toggle" Also make sure that `XkbDisable` is turned off (commented out) there. The RUS/LAT switch will be **CapsLock** . The old **CapsLock** function is still available via **Shift** + **CapsLock** (in LAT mode only). If you have ***Windows®*** keys on your keyboard, and notice that some non-alphabetical keys are mapped incorrectly in RUS mode, add the following line in your `XF86Config` file. For ***'XFree86 3.X***': XkbVariant "winkeys" For **XFree86 4.X** : Option "XkbVariant" "winkeys" **Note:** The Russian XKB keyboard may not work with old **XFree86** versions, see the [lang-setup.html#RUSSIAN-NOTE above note] for more information. The Russian XKB keyboard may also not work with non-localized applications as well. Minimally localized applications should call a `XtSetLanguageProc (NULL, NULL, NULL);` function early in the program. See [KOI8-R for X Window](http://koi8.pp.ru/xwin.html) for more instructions on localizing X11 applications. ### 14.5.2 Traditional Chinese Localization for Taiwan The FreeBSD-Taiwan Project has an I18N/L10N tutorial for FreeBSD at http://freebsd.sinica.edu.tw/~ncvs/zh-l10n-tut/ using many Chinese ports. Much of that project can apply to DragonFly. The editor for the `zh-L10N-tut` is Clive Lin. You can also cvsup the following collections at `freebsd.sinica.edu.tw`: [[!table data=""" | Collection | Description outta-port tag=. | Beta-quality ports collection for Chinese zh-L10N-tut tag=. | Localizing FreeBSD Tutorial in BIG-5 Traditional Chinese zh-doc tag=. | FreeBSD Documentation Translation to BIG-5 Traditional Chinese | """]] Chuan-Hsing Shen has created the [Chinese FreeBSD Collection (CFC)](http://cnpa.yzu.edu.tw/~cfc/) using FreeBSD-Taiwan's `zh-L10N-tut`. The packages and the script files are available at ftp://ftp.csie.ncu.edu.tw/OS/FreeBSD/taiwan/CFC/. ### 14.5.3 German Language Localization (for All ISO 8859-1 Languages) Slaven Rezic `<[mailto:eserte@cs.tu-berlin.de eserte@cs.tu-berlin.de]>` wrote a tutorial how to use umlauts on a FreeBSD machine. The tutorial is written in German and available at http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/umlaute/. ### 14.5.4 Japanese and Korean Language Localization For Japanese, refer to http://www.jp.FreeBSD.org/, and for Korean, refer to http://www.kr.FreeBSD.org/. ### 14.5.5 Non-English DragonFly Documentation Non-English documentation will be made available as it is created, at the [main site](../../../../index.html) or in `/usr/share/doc`. CategoryHandbook CategoryHandbook-localization