4 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8 * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19 * must display the following acknowledgement:
20 * This product includes software developed by the University of
21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
24 * without specific prior written permission.
26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
38 * from: @(#)vm_kern.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 1/12/94
41 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
42 * All rights reserved.
44 * Authors: Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
46 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
47 * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
48 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
49 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
50 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
52 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
53 * CONDITION. CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
54 * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
56 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
58 * Software Distribution Coordinator or Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
59 * School of Computer Science
60 * Carnegie Mellon University
61 * Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
63 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
64 * rights to redistribute these changes.
66 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/vm/vm_kern.c,v 1.61.2.2 2002/03/12 18:25:26 tegge Exp $
67 * $DragonFly: src/sys/vm/vm_kern.c,v 1.29 2007/06/07 23:14:29 dillon Exp $
71 * Kernel memory management.
74 #include <sys/param.h>
75 #include <sys/systm.h>
77 #include <sys/malloc.h>
78 #include <sys/kernel.h>
79 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
82 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
85 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
86 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
87 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
88 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
89 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
90 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
92 struct vm_map kernel_map;
93 struct vm_map clean_map;
94 struct vm_map buffer_map;
97 * Allocate pageable memory to the kernel's address map. "map" must
98 * be kernel_map or a submap of kernel_map.
103 kmem_alloc_pageable(vm_map_t map, vm_size_t size)
108 size = round_page(size);
109 addr = vm_map_min(map);
110 result = vm_map_find(map, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
111 &addr, size, PAGE_SIZE,
112 TRUE, VM_MAPTYPE_NORMAL,
113 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
115 if (result != KERN_SUCCESS)
121 * Same as kmem_alloc_pageable, except that it create a nofault entry.
126 kmem_alloc_nofault(vm_map_t map, vm_size_t size, vm_size_t align)
131 size = round_page(size);
132 addr = vm_map_min(map);
133 result = vm_map_find(map, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
135 TRUE, VM_MAPTYPE_NORMAL,
136 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
138 if (result != KERN_SUCCESS)
144 * Allocate wired-down memory in the kernel's address map or a submap.
149 kmem_alloc3(vm_map_t map, vm_size_t size, int kmflags)
157 size = round_page(size);
159 if (kmflags & KM_KRESERVE)
160 count = vm_map_entry_kreserve(MAP_RESERVE_COUNT);
162 count = vm_map_entry_reserve(MAP_RESERVE_COUNT);
164 if (kmflags & KM_STACK) {
173 * Use the kernel object for wired-down kernel pages. Assume that no
174 * region of the kernel object is referenced more than once.
176 * Locate sufficient space in the map. This will give us the final
177 * virtual address for the new memory, and thus will tell us the
178 * offset within the kernel map.
181 if (vm_map_findspace(map, vm_map_min(map), size, PAGE_SIZE, 0, &addr)) {
183 if (kmflags & KM_KRESERVE)
184 vm_map_entry_krelease(count);
186 vm_map_entry_release(count);
189 vm_object_reference(&kernel_object);
190 vm_map_insert(map, &count,
191 &kernel_object, addr, addr, addr + size,
193 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
196 if (kmflags & KM_KRESERVE)
197 vm_map_entry_krelease(count);
199 vm_map_entry_release(count);
202 * Guarantee that there are pages already in this object before
203 * calling vm_map_wire. This is to prevent the following
206 * 1) Threads have swapped out, so that there is a pager for the
207 * kernel_object. 2) The kmsg zone is empty, and so we are
208 * kmem_allocing a new page for it. 3) vm_map_wire calls vm_fault;
209 * there is no page, but there is a pager, so we call
210 * pager_data_request. But the kmsg zone is empty, so we must
211 * kmem_alloc. 4) goto 1 5) Even if the kmsg zone is not empty: when
212 * we get the data back from the pager, it will be (very stale)
213 * non-zero data. kmem_alloc is defined to return zero-filled memory.
215 * We're intentionally not activating the pages we allocate to prevent a
216 * race with page-out. vm_map_wire will wire the pages.
218 lwkt_gettoken(&vm_token);
219 vm_object_hold(&kernel_object);
220 for (i = gstart; i < size; i += PAGE_SIZE) {
223 mem = vm_page_grab(&kernel_object, OFF_TO_IDX(addr + i),
224 VM_ALLOC_ZERO | VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_RETRY);
225 if ((mem->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
226 vm_page_zero_fill(mem);
227 mem->valid = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
228 vm_page_flag_clear(mem, PG_ZERO);
231 vm_object_drop(&kernel_object);
232 lwkt_reltoken(&vm_token);
235 * And finally, mark the data as non-pageable.
237 * NOTE: vm_map_wire() handles any kstack guard.
239 vm_map_wire(map, (vm_offset_t)addr, addr + size, kmflags);
245 * Release a region of kernel virtual memory allocated with kmem_alloc,
246 * and return the physical pages associated with that region.
248 * WARNING! If the caller entered pages into the region using pmap_kenter()
249 * it must remove the pages using pmap_kremove[_quick]() before freeing the
250 * underlying kmem, otherwise resident_count will be mistabulated.
255 kmem_free(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t addr, vm_size_t size)
257 vm_map_remove(map, trunc_page(addr), round_page(addr + size));
261 * Used to break a system map into smaller maps, usually to reduce
262 * contention and to provide large KVA spaces for subsystems like the
265 * parent Map to take range from
267 * size Size of range to find
268 * min, max Returned endpoints of map
269 * pageable Can the region be paged
274 kmem_suballoc(vm_map_t parent, vm_map_t result,
275 vm_offset_t *min, vm_offset_t *max, vm_size_t size)
279 size = round_page(size);
281 lwkt_gettoken(&vm_token);
282 *min = (vm_offset_t) vm_map_min(parent);
283 ret = vm_map_find(parent, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
284 min, size, PAGE_SIZE,
285 TRUE, VM_MAPTYPE_UNSPECIFIED,
286 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
288 if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
289 kprintf("kmem_suballoc: bad status return of %d.\n", ret);
290 panic("kmem_suballoc");
293 pmap_reference(vm_map_pmap(parent));
294 vm_map_init(result, *min, *max, vm_map_pmap(parent));
295 if ((ret = vm_map_submap(parent, *min, *max, result)) != KERN_SUCCESS)
296 panic("kmem_suballoc: unable to change range to submap");
297 lwkt_reltoken(&vm_token);
301 * Allocates pageable memory from a sub-map of the kernel. If the submap
302 * has no room, the caller sleeps waiting for more memory in the submap.
307 kmem_alloc_wait(vm_map_t map, vm_size_t size)
312 size = round_page(size);
314 count = vm_map_entry_reserve(MAP_RESERVE_COUNT);
318 * To make this work for more than one map, use the map's lock
319 * to lock out sleepers/wakers.
322 if (vm_map_findspace(map, vm_map_min(map),
323 size, PAGE_SIZE, 0, &addr) == 0) {
326 /* no space now; see if we can ever get space */
327 if (vm_map_max(map) - vm_map_min(map) < size) {
328 vm_map_entry_release(count);
333 tsleep(map, 0, "kmaw", 0);
335 vm_map_insert(map, &count,
336 NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
339 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
342 vm_map_entry_release(count);
348 * Returns memory to a submap of the kernel, and wakes up any processes
349 * waiting for memory in that map.
354 kmem_free_wakeup(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t addr, vm_size_t size)
358 count = vm_map_entry_reserve(MAP_RESERVE_COUNT);
360 vm_map_delete(map, trunc_page(addr), round_page(addr + size), &count);
363 vm_map_entry_release(count);
367 * Create the kernel_ma for (KvaStart,KvaEnd) and insert mappings to
368 * cover areas already allocated or reserved thus far.
370 * The areas (virtual_start, virtual_end) and (virtual2_start, virtual2_end)
371 * are available so the cutouts are the areas around these ranges between
372 * KvaStart and KvaEnd.
374 * Depend on the zalloc bootstrap cache to get our vm_map_entry_t.
375 * Called from the low level boot code only.
384 m = vm_map_create(&kernel_map, &kernel_pmap, KvaStart, KvaEnd);
386 /* N.B.: cannot use kgdb to debug, starting with this assignment ... */
388 count = vm_map_entry_reserve(MAP_RESERVE_COUNT);
390 if (virtual2_start) {
391 if (addr < virtual2_start) {
392 vm_map_insert(m, &count, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
393 addr, virtual2_start,
395 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
400 if (addr < virtual_start) {
401 vm_map_insert(m, &count, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
404 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
409 vm_map_insert(m, &count, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
412 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
415 /* ... and ending with the completion of the above `insert' */
417 vm_map_entry_release(count);
424 kvm_size(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
426 unsigned long ksize = KvaSize;
428 return sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &ksize, 0, req);
430 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_size, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
431 0, 0, kvm_size, "LU", "Size of KVM");
437 kvm_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
439 unsigned long kfree = virtual_end - kernel_vm_end;
441 return sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &kfree, 0, req);
443 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_free, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
444 0, 0, kvm_free, "LU", "Amount of KVM free");