2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert
5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
22 * must display the following acknowledgement:
23 * This product includes software developed by the University of
24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
27 * without specific prior written permission.
29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
42 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.134.2.8 2003/06/06 20:21:32 tegge Exp $
43 * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.87 2008/06/07 11:37:23 mneumann Exp $
46 #include "opt_init_path.h"
48 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
52 #include <sys/mount.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
56 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
57 #include <sys/systm.h>
58 #include <sys/vnode.h>
59 #include <sys/sysent.h>
60 #include <sys/reboot.h>
61 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
63 #include <sys/unistd.h>
64 #include <sys/malloc.h>
65 #include <sys/machintr.h>
66 #include <sys/file2.h>
67 #include <sys/thread2.h>
68 #include <sys/sysref2.h>
69 #include <sys/spinlock2.h>
71 #include <machine/cpu.h>
74 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
77 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
78 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
80 #include <sys/copyright.h>
82 int vfs_mountroot_devfs(void);
84 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
85 static struct session session0;
86 static struct pgrp pgrp0;
87 static struct sigacts sigacts0;
88 static struct filedesc filedesc0;
89 static struct plimit limit0;
90 static struct vmspace vmspace0;
91 struct proc *initproc;
94 struct thread thread0;
97 extern struct user *proc0paddr;
98 extern int fallback_elf_brand;
100 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */
101 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0, "");
104 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set
105 * symbol is not undefined. A subsystem ID of SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY is never
108 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL)
111 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run.
112 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit.
114 SET_DECLARE(sysinit_set, struct sysinit);
115 struct sysinit **sysinit, **sysinit_end;
116 struct sysinit **newsysinit, **newsysinit_end;
120 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if
121 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running.
124 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set, struct sysinit **set_end)
126 struct sysinit **newset;
127 struct sysinit **sipp;
128 struct sysinit **xipp;
131 count = set_end - set;
133 count += newsysinit_end - newsysinit;
135 count += sysinit_end - sysinit;
136 newset = kmalloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
139 for (sipp = newsysinit; sipp < newsysinit_end; sipp++)
142 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++)
145 for (sipp = set; sipp < set_end; sipp++)
148 kfree(newsysinit, M_TEMP);
150 newsysinit_end = newset + count;
154 * Callbacks from machine-dependant startup code (e.g. init386) to set
155 * up low level entities related to cpu #0's globaldata.
157 * Called from very low level boot code.
160 mi_proc0init(struct globaldata *gd, struct user *proc0paddr)
162 lwkt_init_thread(&thread0, proc0paddr, LWKT_THREAD_STACK, 0, gd);
163 lwkt_set_comm(&thread0, "thread0");
164 RB_INIT(&proc0.p_lwp_tree);
165 spin_init(&proc0.p_spin);
166 proc0.p_lasttid = 0; /* +1 = next TID */
167 lwp_rb_tree_RB_INSERT(&proc0.p_lwp_tree, &lwp0);
168 lwp0.lwp_thread = &thread0;
169 lwp0.lwp_proc = &proc0;
170 proc0.p_usched = usched_init();
171 lwp0.lwp_cpumask = 0xFFFFFFFF;
172 varsymset_init(&proc0.p_varsymset, NULL);
173 thread0.td_flags |= TDF_RUNNING;
174 thread0.td_proc = &proc0;
175 thread0.td_lwp = &lwp0;
176 thread0.td_switch = cpu_lwkt_switch;
177 lwkt_schedule_self(curthread);
181 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
182 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the
183 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
184 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
186 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require
187 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem
188 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object
189 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads".
194 struct sysinit *sip; /* system initialization*/
195 struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/
196 struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/
197 struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/
199 if (sysinit == NULL) {
200 sysinit = SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set);
201 sysinit_end = SET_LIMIT(sysinit_set);
206 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by
207 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key).
209 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
210 for (xipp = sipp + 1; xipp < sysinit_end; xipp++) {
211 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem ||
212 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem &&
213 (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order))
222 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks.
223 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task.
225 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler,
226 * which will not return.
228 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
230 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY)
231 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/
233 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SPECIAL_DONE)
237 (*(sip->func))(sip->udata);
239 /* Check off the one we're just done */
240 sip->subsystem = SI_SPECIAL_DONE;
242 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */
243 if (newsysinit != NULL) {
244 if (sysinit != SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set))
245 kfree(sysinit, M_TEMP);
246 sysinit = newsysinit;
247 sysinit_end = newsysinit_end;
249 newsysinit_end = NULL;
254 panic("Shouldn't get here!");
260 ***************************************************************************
262 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet
265 ***************************************************************************
268 print_caddr_t(void *data __unused)
270 kprintf("%s", (char *)data);
272 SYSINIT(announce, SI_BOOT1_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright)
275 * Leave the critical section that protected us from spurious interrupts
276 * so device probes work.
279 leavecrit(void *dummy __unused)
281 MachIntrABI.finalize();
283 MachIntrABI.cleanup();
285 KKASSERT(!IN_CRITICAL_SECT(curthread));
288 kprintf("Leaving critical section, allowing interrupts\n");
290 SYSINIT(leavecrit, SI_BOOT2_LEAVE_CRIT, SI_ORDER_ANY, leavecrit, NULL)
293 * This is called after the threading system is up and running,
294 * including the softclock, clock interrupts, and SMP.
297 tsleepworks(void *dummy __unused)
299 tsleep_now_works = 1;
301 SYSINIT(tsleepworks, SI_BOOT2_FINISH_SMP, SI_ORDER_SECOND, tsleepworks, NULL)
304 * This is called after devices have configured. Tell the kernel we are
305 * no longer in cold boot.
308 endofcoldboot(void *dummy __unused)
312 SYSINIT(endofcoldboot, SI_SUB_ISWARM, SI_ORDER_ANY, endofcoldboot, NULL)
315 ***************************************************************************
317 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not
318 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of
319 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c
322 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they
323 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process).
325 ***************************************************************************
329 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused)
338 * Initialize process and pgrp structures.
343 * additional VM structures
348 * Create process 0 (the swapper).
350 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list);
352 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash);
353 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members);
354 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist);
356 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
357 session0.s_count = 1;
358 session0.s_leader = p;
360 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec;
362 p->p_flag = P_SYSTEM;
364 lp->lwp_stat = LSRUN;
366 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL;
367 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0;
368 lp->lwp_rtprio = p->p_rtprio;
373 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
374 bcopy("swapper", thread0.td_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
376 /* Create credentials. */
377 p->p_ucred = crget();
378 p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo = uifind(0);
379 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */
380 p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0);
381 thread0.td_ucred = crhold(p->p_ucred); /* bootstrap fork1() */
384 p->p_ucred->cr_prison = NULL;
386 /* Create sigacts. */
387 p->p_sigacts = &sigacts0;
388 p->p_sigacts->ps_refcnt = 1;
390 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
393 /* Create the file descriptor table. */
394 fdinit_bootstrap(p, &filedesc0, cmask);
396 /* Create the limits structures. */
397 plimit_init0(&limit0);
398 p->p_limit = &limit0;
400 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */
401 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
402 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0;
403 lp->lwp_vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
404 sysref_init(&vmspace0.vm_sysref, &vmspace_sysref_class);
405 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map,
406 round_page(VM_MIN_USER_ADDRESS),
407 trunc_page(VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS),
408 vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
409 sysref_activate(&vmspace0.vm_sysref);
412 * Charge root for one process.
414 (void)chgproccnt(p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo, 1, 0);
417 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_BOOT2_PROC0, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL)
419 static int proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused);
423 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused)
428 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the
429 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now.
431 allproc_scan(proc0_post_callback, NULL);
434 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump.
435 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ?
438 skrandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec);
442 proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused)
444 microtime(&p->p_start);
448 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_PROC0_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL)
451 ***************************************************************************
453 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the
454 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis.
456 ***************************************************************************
461 ***************************************************************************
463 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like
464 **** kern/init_init.c.
466 ***************************************************************************
470 * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
472 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] =
474 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH);
476 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak";
478 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, "");
481 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path.
482 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
484 * The MP lock is held on entry.
487 start_init(void *dummy, struct trapframe *frame)
490 struct execve_args args;
492 char *var, *path, *next, *s;
493 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1;
501 lp = ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(p);
503 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */
504 mp = mountlist_boot_getfirst();
505 if (VFS_ROOT(mp, &vp))
506 panic("cannot find root vnode");
507 if (mp->mnt_ncmountpt.ncp == NULL) {
508 cache_allocroot(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, mp, vp);
509 cache_unlock(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt); /* leave ref intact */
511 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = vp;
512 vref(p->p_fd->fd_cdir);
513 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = vp;
514 vref(p->p_fd->fd_rdir);
515 vfs_cache_setroot(vp, cache_hold(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt));
516 vn_unlock(vp); /* leave ref intact */
517 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_ncdir);
518 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_nrdir);
520 kprintf("Mounting devfs\n");
521 vfs_mountroot_devfs();
524 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
526 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE);
527 error = vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE,
530 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
533 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
534 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr;
535 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1;
537 if ((var = kgetenv("init_path")) != NULL) {
538 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path);
539 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0;
541 if ((var = kgetenv("kern.fallback_elf_brand")) != NULL)
542 fallback_elf_brand = strtol(var, NULL, 0);
544 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) {
549 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++)
552 kprintf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path),
556 * Move out the boot flag argument.
559 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
560 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */
561 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
562 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's');
566 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
567 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f');
573 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C');
577 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-');
578 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */
582 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
584 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0);
585 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--)
586 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s);
590 * Move out the arg pointers.
592 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1));
593 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */
594 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1);
595 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0);
598 * Point at the arguments.
605 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason
606 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
608 * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way
609 * to user mode as init!
611 * WARNING! We may have been moved to another cpu after
612 * acquiring the current user process designation. The
613 * MP lock will migrate with us though so we still have to
616 if ((error = sys_execve(&args)) == 0) {
618 lp->lwp_proc->p_usched->acquire_curproc(lp);
622 kprintf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path),
625 kprintf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path);
630 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space.
631 * We do this early to reserve pid 1.
633 * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet. Other work
634 * in progress will change this more.
637 create_init(const void *udata __unused)
643 error = fork1(&lwp0, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc);
645 panic("cannot fork init: %d", error);
646 initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM;
647 lp = ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(initproc);
648 cpu_set_fork_handler(lp, start_init, NULL);
651 SYSINIT(init, SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL)
654 * Make it runnable now.
657 kick_init(const void *udata __unused)
659 start_forked_proc(&lwp0, initproc);
661 SYSINIT(kickinit, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL)
664 * Machine independant globaldata initialization
666 * WARNING! Called from early boot, 'mycpu' may not work yet.
669 mi_gdinit(struct globaldata *gd, int cpuid)
671 TAILQ_INIT(&gd->gd_systimerq);
672 gd->gd_sysid_alloc = cpuid; /* prime low bits for cpu lookup */
673 gd->gd_cpuid = cpuid;
674 gd->gd_cpumask = (cpumask_t)1 << cpuid;
676 vm_map_entry_reserve_cpu_init(gd);