2 * Copyright (c) 1998,1999,2000,2001,2002 Søren Schmidt <sos@FreeBSD.org>
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
10 * without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file.
11 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
28 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/dev/ata/atapi-all.c,v 1.46.2.18 2002/10/31 23:10:33 thomas Exp $
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
39 #include <sys/kernel.h>
41 #include <sys/malloc.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 #include <machine/bus.h>
45 #include <machine/clock.h>
47 #include <dev/ata/ata-all.h>
48 #include <dev/ata/atapi-all.h>
51 static void atapi_read(struct atapi_request *, int);
52 static void atapi_write(struct atapi_request *, int);
53 static void atapi_finish(struct atapi_request *);
54 static void atapi_timeout(struct atapi_request *);
55 static char *atapi_cmd2str(u_int8_t);
56 static char *atapi_skey2str(u_int8_t);
59 #define ATAPI_MAX_RETRIES 3
62 static int atapi_dma = 0;
63 TUNABLE_INT("hw.ata.atapi_dma", &atapi_dma);
64 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_ATAPI, "ATAPI generic", "ATAPI driver generic layer");
68 SYSCTL_INT(_hw_ata, OID_AUTO, atapi_dma, CTLFLAG_RD, &atapi_dma, 0,
69 "ATAPI device DMA mode control");
72 atapi_attach(struct ata_device *atadev)
75 ata_prtdev(atadev, "piomode=%d dmamode=%d udmamode=%d dmaflag=%d\n",
76 ata_pmode(atadev->param), ata_wmode(atadev->param),
77 ata_umode(atadev->param), atadev->param->support_dma);
79 ATA_SLEEPLOCK_CH(atadev->channel, ATA_CONTROL);
80 if (atapi_dma && !(atadev->param->drq_type == ATAPI_DRQT_INTR)) {
81 ata_dmainit(atadev->channel, atadev->unit,
82 (ata_pmode(atadev->param) < 0) ?
83 (atadev->param->support_dma ? 4:0):ata_pmode(atadev->param),
84 (ata_wmode(atadev->param) < 0) ?
85 (atadev->param->support_dma ? 2:0):ata_wmode(atadev->param),
86 ata_umode(atadev->param));
89 ata_dmainit(atadev->channel, atadev->unit,
90 ata_pmode(atadev->param) < 0 ? 0 : ata_pmode(atadev->param),
92 ATA_UNLOCK_CH(atadev->channel);
94 if (!(atadev->result = malloc(sizeof(struct atapi_reqsense), M_ATAPI,
96 ata_prtdev(atadev, "no memory for sense data\n");
98 switch (atadev->param->type) {
100 case ATAPI_TYPE_CDROM:
101 if (acdattach(atadev))
106 case ATAPI_TYPE_DIRECT:
107 if (afdattach(atadev))
112 case ATAPI_TYPE_TAPE:
113 if (astattach(atadev))
119 ata_prtdev(atadev, "<%.40s/%.8s> - NO DRIVER!\n",
120 atadev->param->model, atadev->param->revision);
121 free(atadev->result, M_ATAPI);
122 atadev->driver = NULL;
127 atapi_detach(struct ata_device *atadev)
129 struct atapi_request *request;
131 atadev->flags |= ATA_D_DETACHING;
132 ata_prtdev(atadev, "removed from configuration\n");
133 switch (atadev->param->type) {
135 case ATAPI_TYPE_CDROM:
140 case ATAPI_TYPE_DIRECT:
145 case ATAPI_TYPE_TAPE:
152 TAILQ_FOREACH(request, &atadev->channel->atapi_queue, chain) {
153 if (request->device != atadev)
155 TAILQ_REMOVE(&atadev->channel->atapi_queue, request, chain);
156 if (request->driver) {
157 struct buf *bp = (struct buf *) request->driver;
158 bp->b_flags |= B_ERROR;
163 free(request->dmatab, M_DEVBUF);
164 free(request, M_ATAPI);
166 free(atadev->result, M_ATAPI);
167 atadev->driver = NULL;
173 atapi_queue_cmd(struct ata_device *atadev, int8_t *ccb, caddr_t data,
174 int count, int flags, int timeout,
175 atapi_callback_t callback, void *driver)
177 struct atapi_request *request;
180 if (!(request = malloc(sizeof(struct atapi_request), M_ATAPI,
184 request->device = atadev;
185 request->data = data;
186 request->bytecount = count;
187 request->flags = flags;
188 request->error = EINPROGRESS;
189 request->timeout = timeout * hz;
190 request->ccbsize = atadev->param->packet_size ? 16 : 12;
191 bcopy(ccb, request->ccb, request->ccbsize);
193 request->callback = callback;
194 request->driver = driver;
196 if (atadev->mode >= ATA_DMA) {
197 if (!(request->dmatab = ata_dmaalloc(atadev->channel, atadev->unit)))
198 atadev->mode = ATA_PIO;
202 ata_prtdev(atadev, "queueing %s ", atapi_cmd2str(request->ccb[0]));
203 atapi_dump("ccb = ", &request->ccb[0], sizeof(request->ccb));
205 /* append onto controller queue and try to start controller */
207 if (flags & ATPR_F_AT_HEAD)
208 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&atadev->channel->atapi_queue, request, chain);
210 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&atadev->channel->atapi_queue, request, chain);
211 ata_start(atadev->channel);
213 /* if callback used, then just return, gets called from interrupt context */
219 /* only sleep when command is in progress */
220 if (request->error == EINPROGRESS)
221 tsleep((caddr_t)request, PRIBIO, "atprq", 0);
223 error = request->error;
225 bcopy(&request->sense, atadev->result, sizeof(struct atapi_reqsense));
227 free(request->dmatab, M_DEVBUF);
228 free(request, M_ATAPI);
233 atapi_start(struct ata_device *atadev)
235 switch (atadev->param->type) {
237 case ATAPI_TYPE_CDROM:
242 case ATAPI_TYPE_DIRECT:
247 case ATAPI_TYPE_TAPE:
257 atapi_transfer(struct atapi_request *request)
259 struct ata_device *atadev = request->device;
264 ata_prtdev(atadev, "starting %s ", atapi_cmd2str(request->ccb[0]));
265 atapi_dump("ccb = ", &request->ccb[0], sizeof(request->ccb));
267 /* is this just a POLL DSC command ? */
268 if (request->ccb[0] == ATAPI_POLL_DSC) {
269 ATA_OUTB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_DRIVE, ATA_D_IBM | atadev->unit);
271 if (ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_altio, ATA_ALTSTAT) & ATA_S_DSC)
274 request->error = EBUSY;
275 atapi_finish(request);
276 return ATA_OP_FINISHED;
279 /* start timeout for this command */
280 request->timeout_handle = timeout((timeout_t *)atapi_timeout,
281 request, request->timeout);
283 if (!(request->flags & ATPR_F_INTERNAL))
284 atadev->cmd = request->ccb[0];
286 /* if DMA enabled setup DMA hardware */
287 request->flags &= ~ATPR_F_DMA_USED;
288 if ((atadev->mode >= ATA_DMA) &&
289 (request->ccb[0] == ATAPI_READ ||
290 request->ccb[0] == ATAPI_READ_BIG ||
291 request->ccb[0] == ATAPI_READ_CD ||
292 ((request->ccb[0] == ATAPI_WRITE ||
293 request->ccb[0] == ATAPI_WRITE_BIG) &&
294 !(atadev->channel->flags & ATA_ATAPI_DMA_RO))) &&
295 !ata_dmasetup(atadev->channel, atadev->unit, request->dmatab,
296 (void *)request->data, request->bytecount)) {
297 request->flags |= ATPR_F_DMA_USED;
300 /* start ATAPI operation */
301 if (ata_command(atadev, ATA_C_PACKET_CMD,
302 min(request->bytecount, 65534) << 8, 0,
303 (request->flags & ATPR_F_DMA_USED) ? ATA_F_DMA : 0,
305 ata_prtdev(atadev, "failure to send ATAPI packet command\n");
307 if (request->flags & ATPR_F_DMA_USED)
308 ata_dmastart(atadev->channel, atadev->unit,
309 request->dmatab, request->flags & ATPR_F_READ);
311 /* command interrupt device ? just return */
312 if (atadev->param->drq_type == ATAPI_DRQT_INTR)
313 return ATA_OP_CONTINUES;
315 /* ready to write ATAPI command */
316 timout = 5000; /* might be less for fast devices */
318 reason = ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_IREASON);
319 atadev->channel->status = ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_STATUS);
320 if (((reason & (ATA_I_CMD | ATA_I_IN)) |
321 (atadev->channel->status&(ATA_S_DRQ|ATA_S_BUSY)))==ATAPI_P_CMDOUT)
326 ata_prtdev(atadev, "failure to execute ATAPI packet command\n");
327 untimeout((timeout_t *)atapi_timeout, request, request->timeout_handle);
328 request->error = EIO;
329 atapi_finish(request);
330 return ATA_OP_FINISHED;
333 /* this seems to be needed for some (slow) devices */
336 /* send actual command */
337 ATA_OUTSW(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_DATA, (int16_t *)request->ccb,
338 request->ccbsize / sizeof(int16_t));
339 return ATA_OP_CONTINUES;
343 atapi_interrupt(struct atapi_request *request)
345 struct ata_device *atadev = request->device;
346 int reason, dma_stat = 0;
348 reason = (ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_IREASON)&(ATA_I_CMD|ATA_I_IN))|
349 (atadev->channel->status & ATA_S_DRQ);
351 if (reason == ATAPI_P_CMDOUT) {
352 if (!(atadev->channel->status & ATA_S_DRQ)) {
353 ata_prtdev(atadev, "command interrupt without DRQ\n");
354 untimeout((timeout_t *)atapi_timeout,
355 request, request->timeout_handle);
356 request->error = EIO;
357 atapi_finish(request);
358 return ATA_OP_FINISHED;
360 ATA_OUTSW(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_DATA, (int16_t *)request->ccb,
361 request->ccbsize / sizeof(int16_t));
362 return ATA_OP_CONTINUES;
365 if (request->flags & ATPR_F_DMA_USED) {
366 dma_stat = ata_dmadone(atadev->channel);
367 if ((atadev->channel->status & (ATA_S_ERROR | ATA_S_DWF)) ||
368 dma_stat & ATA_BMSTAT_ERROR) {
369 request->result = ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_ERROR);
373 request->donecount = request->bytecount;
374 request->bytecount = 0;
378 int length = ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_CYL_LSB) |
379 ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_CYL_MSB) << 8;
383 if (request->flags & ATPR_F_READ) {
384 request->result = ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_ERROR);
385 ata_prtdev(atadev, "%s trying to write on read buffer\n",
386 atapi_cmd2str(atadev->cmd));
389 atapi_write(request, length);
390 return ATA_OP_CONTINUES;
393 if (!(request->flags & ATPR_F_READ)) {
394 request->result = ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_ERROR);
395 ata_prtdev(atadev, "%s trying to read on write buffer\n",
396 atapi_cmd2str(atadev->cmd));
399 atapi_read(request, length);
400 return ATA_OP_CONTINUES;
402 case ATAPI_P_DONEDRQ:
403 ata_prtdev(atadev, "%s DONEDRQ\n", atapi_cmd2str(atadev->cmd));
404 if (request->flags & ATPR_F_READ)
405 atapi_read(request, length);
407 atapi_write(request, length);
412 if (atadev->channel->status & (ATA_S_ERROR | ATA_S_DWF))
413 request->result = ATA_INB(atadev->channel->r_io, ATA_ERROR);
415 if (!(request->flags & ATPR_F_INTERNAL))
420 ata_prtdev(atadev, "unknown transfer phase %d\n", reason);
423 untimeout((timeout_t *)atapi_timeout, request, request->timeout_handle);
425 /* check for error, if valid sense key, queue a request sense cmd */
426 if ((request->result & ATAPI_SK_MASK) &&
427 request->ccb[0] != ATAPI_REQUEST_SENSE) {
428 bzero(request->ccb, request->ccbsize);
429 request->ccb[0] = ATAPI_REQUEST_SENSE;
430 request->ccb[4] = sizeof(struct atapi_reqsense);
431 request->bytecount = sizeof(struct atapi_reqsense);
432 request->flags &= ATPR_F_QUIET;
433 request->flags |= ATPR_F_READ | ATPR_F_INTERNAL;
434 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&atadev->channel->atapi_queue, request, chain);
437 if (request->result) {
438 switch ((request->result & ATAPI_SK_MASK)) {
439 case ATAPI_SK_NO_SENSE:
443 case ATAPI_SK_RECOVERED_ERROR:
444 ata_prtdev(atadev, "%s - recovered error\n",
445 atapi_cmd2str(atadev->cmd));
449 case ATAPI_SK_NOT_READY:
450 request->error = EBUSY;
453 case ATAPI_SK_UNIT_ATTENTION:
454 atadev->flags |= ATA_D_MEDIA_CHANGED;
455 request->error = EIO;
459 request->error = EIO;
461 if (request->flags & ATPR_F_QUIET)
464 ata_prtdev(atadev, "%s - %s asc=0x%02x ascq=0x%02x ",
465 atapi_cmd2str(atadev->cmd),
466 atapi_skey2str(request->sense.sense_key),
467 request->sense.asc, request->sense.ascq);
468 if (request->sense.sksv)
469 printf("sks=0x%02x 0x%02x 0x%02x ",
470 request->sense.sk_specific,
471 request->sense.sk_specific1,
472 request->sense.sk_specific2);
473 printf("error=0x%02x\n", request->result & ATAPI_E_MASK);
478 atapi_finish(request);
480 return ATA_OP_FINISHED;
484 atapi_reinit(struct ata_device *atadev)
486 /* reinit device parameters */
487 if (atadev->mode >= ATA_DMA)
488 ata_dmainit(atadev->channel, atadev->unit,
489 (ata_pmode(atadev->param) < 0) ?
490 (atadev->param->support_dma ? 4:0):ata_pmode(atadev->param),
491 (ata_wmode(atadev->param) < 0) ?
492 (atadev->param->support_dma ? 2:0):ata_wmode(atadev->param),
493 ata_umode(atadev->param));
495 ata_dmainit(atadev->channel, atadev->unit,
496 ata_pmode(atadev->param)<0 ? 0 : ata_pmode(atadev->param),
501 atapi_test_ready(struct ata_device *atadev)
503 int8_t ccb[16] = { ATAPI_TEST_UNIT_READY, 0, 0, 0, 0,
504 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
506 return atapi_queue_cmd(atadev, ccb, NULL, 0, 0, 30, NULL, NULL);
510 atapi_wait_dsc(struct ata_device *atadev, int timeout)
513 int8_t ccb[16] = { ATAPI_POLL_DSC, 0, 0, 0, 0,
514 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
517 while (timeout > 0) {
518 error = atapi_queue_cmd(atadev, ccb, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL);
521 tsleep((caddr_t)&error, PRIBIO, "atpwt", hz / 2);
528 atapi_dump(char *label, void *data, int len)
532 printf("%s %02x", label, *p++);
534 printf ("-%02x", *p++);
539 atapi_read(struct atapi_request *request, int length)
541 int8_t **buffer = (int8_t **)&request->data;
542 int size = min(request->bytecount, length);
543 struct ata_channel *ch = request->device->channel;
546 if (request->flags & ATPR_F_INTERNAL)
547 *buffer = (int8_t *)&request->sense;
549 if (ch->flags & ATA_USE_16BIT || (size % sizeof(int32_t)))
550 ATA_INSW(ch->r_io, ATA_DATA, (void *)((uintptr_t)*buffer),
551 size / sizeof(int16_t));
553 ATA_INSL(ch->r_io, ATA_DATA, (void *)((uintptr_t)*buffer),
554 size / sizeof(int32_t));
556 if (request->bytecount < length) {
557 ata_prtdev(request->device, "read data overrun %d/%d\n",
558 length, request->bytecount);
559 for (resid=request->bytecount; resid<length; resid+=sizeof(int16_t))
560 ATA_INW(ch->r_io, ATA_DATA);
563 request->bytecount -= size;
564 request->donecount += size;
568 atapi_write(struct atapi_request *request, int length)
570 int8_t **buffer = (int8_t **)&request->data;
571 int size = min(request->bytecount, length);
572 struct ata_channel *ch = request->device->channel;
575 if (request->flags & ATPR_F_INTERNAL)
576 *buffer = (int8_t *)&request->sense;
578 if (ch->flags & ATA_USE_16BIT || (size % sizeof(int32_t)))
579 ATA_OUTSW(ch->r_io, ATA_DATA, (void *)((uintptr_t)*buffer),
580 size / sizeof(int16_t));
582 ATA_OUTSL(ch->r_io, ATA_DATA, (void *)((uintptr_t)*buffer),
583 size / sizeof(int32_t));
585 if (request->bytecount < length) {
586 ata_prtdev(request->device, "write data underrun %d/%d\n",
587 length, request->bytecount);
588 for (resid=request->bytecount; resid<length; resid+=sizeof(int16_t))
589 ATA_OUTW(ch->r_io, ATA_DATA, 0);
592 request->bytecount -= size;
593 request->donecount += size;
597 atapi_finish(struct atapi_request *request)
600 ata_prtdev(request->device, "finished %s%s\n",
601 request->callback ? "callback " : "",
602 atapi_cmd2str(request->ccb[0]));
604 if (request->callback) {
605 if (!((request->callback)(request))) {
607 free(request->dmatab, M_DEVBUF);
608 free(request, M_ATAPI);
612 wakeup((caddr_t)request);
616 atapi_timeout(struct atapi_request *request)
618 struct ata_device *atadev = request->device;
620 atadev->channel->running = NULL;
621 ata_prtdev(atadev, "%s command timeout - resetting\n",
622 atapi_cmd2str(request->ccb[0]));
624 if (request->flags & ATPR_F_DMA_USED) {
625 ata_dmadone(atadev->channel);
626 if (request->retries == ATAPI_MAX_RETRIES) {
627 ata_dmainit(atadev->channel, atadev->unit,
628 (ata_pmode(atadev->param) < 0) ? 0 :
629 ata_pmode(atadev->param), -1, -1);
630 ata_prtdev(atadev, "trying fallback to PIO mode\n");
631 request->retries = 0;
635 /* if retries still permit, reinject this request */
636 if (request->retries++ < ATAPI_MAX_RETRIES) {
637 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&atadev->channel->atapi_queue, request, chain);
640 /* retries all used up, return error */
641 request->error = EIO;
642 wakeup((caddr_t)request);
644 ata_reinit(atadev->channel);
648 atapi_cmd2str(u_int8_t cmd)
651 case 0x00: return ("TEST_UNIT_READY");
652 case 0x01: return ("REZERO");
653 case 0x03: return ("REQUEST_SENSE");
654 case 0x04: return ("FORMAT_UNIT");
655 case 0x08: return ("READ");
656 case 0x0a: return ("WRITE");
657 case 0x10: return ("WEOF");
658 case 0x11: return ("SPACE");
659 case 0x15: return ("MODE_SELECT");
660 case 0x19: return ("ERASE");
661 case 0x1a: return ("MODE_SENSE");
662 case 0x1b: return ("START_STOP");
663 case 0x1e: return ("PREVENT_ALLOW");
664 case 0x25: return ("READ_CAPACITY");
665 case 0x28: return ("READ_BIG");
666 case 0x2a: return ("WRITE_BIG");
667 case 0x2b: return ("LOCATE");
668 case 0x34: return ("READ_POSITION");
669 case 0x35: return ("SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE");
670 case 0x3b: return ("WRITE_BUFFER");
671 case 0x3c: return ("READ_BUFFER");
672 case 0x42: return ("READ_SUBCHANNEL");
673 case 0x43: return ("READ_TOC");
674 case 0x45: return ("PLAY_10");
675 case 0x47: return ("PLAY_MSF");
676 case 0x48: return ("PLAY_TRACK");
677 case 0x4b: return ("PAUSE");
678 case 0x51: return ("READ_DISK_INFO");
679 case 0x52: return ("READ_TRACK_INFO");
680 case 0x53: return ("RESERVE_TRACK");
681 case 0x54: return ("SEND_OPC_INFO");
682 case 0x55: return ("MODE_SELECT_BIG");
683 case 0x58: return ("REPAIR_TRACK");
684 case 0x59: return ("READ_MASTER_CUE");
685 case 0x5a: return ("MODE_SENSE_BIG");
686 case 0x5b: return ("CLOSE_TRACK/SESSION");
687 case 0x5c: return ("READ_BUFFER_CAPACITY");
688 case 0x5d: return ("SEND_CUE_SHEET");
689 case 0xa1: return ("BLANK_CMD");
690 case 0xa3: return ("SEND_KEY");
691 case 0xa4: return ("REPORT_KEY");
692 case 0xa5: return ("PLAY_12");
693 case 0xa6: return ("LOAD_UNLOAD");
694 case 0xad: return ("READ_DVD_STRUCTURE");
695 case 0xb4: return ("PLAY_CD");
696 case 0xbb: return ("SET_SPEED");
697 case 0xbd: return ("MECH_STATUS");
698 case 0xbe: return ("READ_CD");
699 case 0xff: return ("POLL_DSC");
701 static char buffer[20];
702 sprintf(buffer, "unknown CMD (0x%02x)", cmd);
709 atapi_skey2str(u_int8_t skey)
712 case 0x00: return ("NO SENSE");
713 case 0x01: return ("RECOVERED ERROR");
714 case 0x02: return ("NOT READY");
715 case 0x03: return ("MEDIUM ERROR");
716 case 0x04: return ("HARDWARE ERROR");
717 case 0x05: return ("ILLEGAL REQUEST");
718 case 0x06: return ("UNIT ATTENTION");
719 case 0x07: return ("DATA PROTECT");
720 case 0x08: return ("BLANK CHECK");
721 case 0x09: return ("VENDOR SPECIFIC");
722 case 0x0a: return ("COPY ABORTED");
723 case 0x0b: return ("ABORTED COMMAND");
724 case 0x0c: return ("EQUAL");
725 case 0x0d: return ("VOLUME OVERFLOW");
726 case 0x0e: return ("MISCOMPARE");
727 case 0x0f: return ("RESERVED");
728 default: return("UNKNOWN");