/* mpfr_const_pi -- compute Pi

Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Contributed by the Arenaire and Cacao projects, INRIA.

This file is part of the GNU MPFR Library.

The GNU MPFR Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version.

The GNU MPFR Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public
License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with the GNU MPFR Library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston,
MA 02110-1301, USA. */

#include "mpfr-impl.h"

/* Declare the cache */
MPFR_DECL_INIT_CACHE(__gmpfr_cache_const_pi, mpfr_const_pi_internal);

/* Set User Interface */
#undef mpfr_const_pi
int
mpfr_const_pi (mpfr_ptr x, mp_rnd_t rnd_mode) {
  return mpfr_cache (x, __gmpfr_cache_const_pi, rnd_mode);
}

/* Don't need to save/restore exponent range: the cache does it */
int
mpfr_const_pi_internal (mpfr_ptr x, mp_rnd_t rnd_mode)
{
  mpfr_t a, A, B, D, S;
  mp_prec_t px, p, cancel, k, kmax;
  MPFR_ZIV_DECL (loop);
  int inex;

  MPFR_LOG_FUNC (("rnd_mode=%d", rnd_mode), ("x[%#R]=%R inex=%d", x, x, inex));

  px = MPFR_PREC (x);

  /* we need 9*2^kmax - 4 >= px+2*kmax+8 */
  for (kmax = 2; ((px + 2 * kmax + 12) / 9) >> kmax; kmax ++);

  p = px + 3 * kmax + 14; /* guarantees no recomputation for px <= 10000 */

  mpfr_init2 (a, p);
  mpfr_init2 (A, p);
  mpfr_init2 (B, p);
  mpfr_init2 (D, p);
  mpfr_init2 (S, p);

  MPFR_ZIV_INIT (loop, p);
  for (;;) {
    mpfr_set_ui (a, 1, GMP_RNDN);          /* a = 1 */
    mpfr_set_ui (A, 1, GMP_RNDN);          /* A = a^2 = 1 */
    mpfr_set_ui_2exp (B, 1, -1, GMP_RNDN); /* B = b^2 = 1/2 */
    mpfr_set_ui_2exp (D, 1, -2, GMP_RNDN); /* D = 1/4 */

#define b B
#define ap a
#define Ap A
#define Bp B
    for (k = 0, cancel = 0; ; k++)
      {
        /* invariant: 1/2 <= B <= A <= a < 1 */
        mpfr_add (S, A, B, GMP_RNDN); /* 1 <= S <= 2 */
        mpfr_div_2ui (S, S, 2, GMP_RNDN); /* exact, 1/4 <= S <= 1/2 */
        mpfr_sqrt (b, B, GMP_RNDN); /* 1/2 <= b <= 1 */
        mpfr_add (ap, a, b, GMP_RNDN); /* 1 <= ap <= 2 */
        mpfr_div_2ui (ap, ap, 1, GMP_RNDN); /* exact, 1/2 <= ap <= 1 */
        mpfr_mul (Ap, ap, ap, GMP_RNDN); /* 1/4 <= Ap <= 1 */
        mpfr_sub (Bp, Ap, S, GMP_RNDN); /* -1/4 <= Bp <= 3/4 */
        mpfr_mul_2ui (Bp, Bp, 1, GMP_RNDN); /* -1/2 <= Bp <= 3/2 */
        mpfr_sub (S, Ap, Bp, GMP_RNDN);
        MPFR_ASSERTN (mpfr_cmp_ui (S, 1) < 0);
        cancel = mpfr_cmp_ui (S, 0) ? (mpfr_uexp_t) -mpfr_get_exp(S) : p;
        /* MPFR_ASSERTN (cancel >= px || cancel >= 9 * (1 << k) - 4); */
        mpfr_mul_2ui (S, S, k, GMP_RNDN);
        mpfr_sub (D, D, S, GMP_RNDN);
        /* stop when |A_k - B_k| <= 2^(k-p) i.e. cancel >= p-k */
        if (cancel + k >= p)
          break;
      }
#undef b
#undef ap
#undef Ap
#undef Bp

      mpfr_div (A, B, D, GMP_RNDN);

      /* MPFR_ASSERTN(p >= 2 * k + 8); */
      if (MPFR_LIKELY (MPFR_CAN_ROUND (A, p - 2 * k - 8, px, rnd_mode)))
        break;

      p += kmax;
      MPFR_ZIV_NEXT (loop, p);
      mpfr_set_prec (a, p);
      mpfr_set_prec (A, p);
      mpfr_set_prec (B, p);
      mpfr_set_prec (D, p);
      mpfr_set_prec (S, p);
  }
  MPFR_ZIV_FREE (loop);
  inex = mpfr_set (x, A, rnd_mode);

  mpfr_clear (a);
  mpfr_clear (A);
  mpfr_clear (B);
  mpfr_clear (D);
  mpfr_clear (S);

  return inex;
}