2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1990 William F. Jolitz.
3 * Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
4 * Copyright (c) 2007 The FreeBSD Foundation
5 * Copyright (c) 2008 The DragonFly Project.
6 * Copyright (c) 2008 Jordan Gordeev.
9 * Portions of this software were developed by A. Joseph Koshy under
10 * sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation and Google, Inc.
12 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
15 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22 * without specific prior written permission.
24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37 * $DragonFly: src/sys/platform/pc64/amd64/exception.S,v 1.1 2008/08/29 17:07:10 dillon Exp $
41 #include "opt_atpic.h"
43 #include "opt_compat.h"
45 #include <machine/asmacros.h>
46 #include <machine/psl.h>
47 #include <machine/trap.h>
53 /*****************************************************************************/
55 /*****************************************************************************/
57 * Trap and fault vector routines.
59 * All traps are 'interrupt gates', SDT_SYSIGT. An interrupt gate pushes
60 * state on the stack but also disables interrupts. This is important for
61 * us for the use of the swapgs instruction. We cannot be interrupted
62 * until the GS.base value is correct. For most traps, we automatically
63 * then enable interrupts if the interrupted context had them enabled.
64 * This is equivalent to the i386 port's use of SDT_SYS386TGT.
66 * The cpu will push a certain amount of state onto the kernel stack for
67 * the current process. See amd64/include/frame.h.
68 * This includes the current RFLAGS (status register, which includes
69 * the interrupt disable state prior to the trap), the code segment register,
70 * and the return instruction pointer are pushed by the cpu. The cpu
71 * will also push an 'error' code for certain traps. We push a dummy
72 * error code for those traps where the cpu doesn't in order to maintain
73 * a consistent frame. We also push a contrived 'trap number'.
75 * The cpu does not push the general registers, we must do that, and we
76 * must restore them prior to calling 'iret'. The cpu adjusts the %cs and
77 * %ss segment registers, but does not mess with %ds, %es, or %fs. Thus we
78 * must load them with appropriate values for supervisor mode operation.
84 /* Traps that we leave interrupts disabled for.. */
85 #define TRAP_NOEN(a) \
87 movq $(a),TF_TRAPNO(%rsp) ; \
88 movq $0,TF_ADDR(%rsp) ; \
89 movq $0,TF_ERR(%rsp) ; \
96 /* Regular traps; The cpu does not supply tf_err for these. */
99 movq $(a),TF_TRAPNO(%rsp) ; \
100 movq $0,TF_ADDR(%rsp) ; \
101 movq $0,TF_ERR(%rsp) ; \
124 /* This group of traps have tf_err already pushed by the cpu */
125 #define TRAP_ERR(a) \
127 movq $(a),TF_TRAPNO(%rsp) ; \
128 movq $0,TF_ADDR(%rsp) ; \
140 * alltraps entry point. Use swapgs if this is the first time in the
141 * kernel from userland. Reenable interrupts if they were enabled
142 * before the trap. This approximates SDT_SYS386TGT on the i386 port.
147 .type alltraps,@function
149 testb $SEL_RPL_MASK,TF_CS(%rsp) /* Did we come from kernel? */
150 jz alltraps_testi /* already running with kernel GS.base */
153 testq $PSL_I,TF_RFLAGS(%rsp)
157 movq %rdi,TF_RDI(%rsp)
158 alltraps_pushregs_no_rdi:
159 movq %rsi,TF_RSI(%rsp)
160 movq %rdx,TF_RDX(%rsp)
161 movq %rcx,TF_RCX(%rsp)
164 movq %rax,TF_RAX(%rsp)
165 movq %rbx,TF_RBX(%rsp)
166 movq %rbp,TF_RBP(%rsp)
167 movq %r10,TF_R10(%rsp)
168 movq %r11,TF_R11(%rsp)
169 movq %r12,TF_R12(%rsp)
170 movq %r13,TF_R13(%rsp)
171 movq %r14,TF_R14(%rsp)
172 movq %r15,TF_R15(%rsp)
173 FAKE_MCOUNT(TF_RIP(%rsp))
175 .type calltrap,@function
180 jmp doreti /* Handle any pending ASTs */
183 * alltraps_noen entry point. Unlike alltraps above, we want to
184 * leave the interrupts disabled. This corresponds to
185 * SDT_SYS386IGT on the i386 port.
189 .type alltraps_noen,@function
191 testb $SEL_RPL_MASK,TF_CS(%rsp) /* Did we come from kernel? */
192 jz alltraps_pushregs /* already running with kernel GS.base */
194 jmp alltraps_pushregs
198 movq $T_DOUBLEFLT,TF_TRAPNO(%rsp)
199 movq $0,TF_ADDR(%rsp)
201 movq %rdi,TF_RDI(%rsp)
202 movq %rsi,TF_RSI(%rsp)
203 movq %rdx,TF_RDX(%rsp)
204 movq %rcx,TF_RCX(%rsp)
207 movq %rax,TF_RAX(%rsp)
208 movq %rbx,TF_RBX(%rsp)
209 movq %rbp,TF_RBP(%rsp)
210 movq %r10,TF_R10(%rsp)
211 movq %r11,TF_R11(%rsp)
212 movq %r12,TF_R12(%rsp)
213 movq %r13,TF_R13(%rsp)
214 movq %r14,TF_R14(%rsp)
215 movq %r15,TF_R15(%rsp)
216 testb $SEL_RPL_MASK,TF_CS(%rsp) /* Did we come from kernel? */
217 jz 1f /* already running with kernel GS.base */
220 call dblfault_handler
226 movq $T_PAGEFLT,TF_TRAPNO(%rsp)
227 testb $SEL_RPL_MASK,TF_CS(%rsp) /* Did we come from kernel? */
228 jz 1f /* already running with kernel GS.base */
231 movq %rdi,TF_RDI(%rsp) /* free up a GP register */
232 movq %cr2,%rdi /* preserve %cr2 before .. */
233 movq %rdi,TF_ADDR(%rsp) /* enabling interrupts. */
234 testq $PSL_I,TF_RFLAGS(%rsp)
235 jz alltraps_pushregs_no_rdi
237 jmp alltraps_pushregs_no_rdi
240 * We have to special-case this one. If we get a trap in doreti() at
241 * the iretq stage, we'll reenter with the wrong gs state. We'll have
242 * to do a special the swapgs in this case even coming from the kernel.
243 * XXX linux has a trap handler for their equivalent of load_gs().
247 movq $T_PROTFLT,TF_TRAPNO(%rsp)
248 movq $0,TF_ADDR(%rsp)
249 movq %rdi,TF_RDI(%rsp) /* free up a GP register */
250 leaq doreti_iret(%rip),%rdi
251 cmpq %rdi,TF_RIP(%rsp)
252 je 2f /* kernel but with user gsbase!! */
253 testb $SEL_RPL_MASK,TF_CS(%rsp) /* Did we come from kernel? */
254 jz 1f /* already running with kernel GS.base */
258 testq $PSL_I,TF_RFLAGS(%rsp)
259 jz alltraps_pushregs_no_rdi
261 jmp alltraps_pushregs_no_rdi
264 * Fast syscall entry point. We enter here with just our new %cs/%ss set,
265 * and the new privilige level. We are still running on the old user stack
266 * pointer. We have to juggle a few things around to find our stack etc.
267 * swapgs gives us access to our PCPU space only.
271 movq %rsp,PCPU(scratch_rsp)
273 /* Now emulate a trapframe. Make the 8 byte alignment odd for call. */
275 /* defer TF_RSP till we have a spare register */
276 movq %r11,TF_RFLAGS(%rsp)
277 movq %rcx,TF_RIP(%rsp) /* %rcx original value is in %r10 */
278 movq PCPU(scratch_rsp),%r11 /* %r11 already saved */
279 movq %r11,TF_RSP(%rsp) /* user stack pointer */
281 movq $KUDSEL,TF_SS(%rsp)
282 movq $KUCSEL,TF_CS(%rsp)
284 movq %rdi,TF_RDI(%rsp) /* arg 1 */
285 movq %rsi,TF_RSI(%rsp) /* arg 2 */
286 movq %rdx,TF_RDX(%rsp) /* arg 3 */
287 movq %r10,TF_RCX(%rsp) /* arg 4 */
288 movq %r8,TF_R8(%rsp) /* arg 5 */
289 movq %r9,TF_R9(%rsp) /* arg 6 */
290 movq %rax,TF_RAX(%rsp) /* syscall number */
291 movq %rbx,TF_RBX(%rsp) /* C preserved */
292 movq %rbp,TF_RBP(%rsp) /* C preserved */
293 movq %r12,TF_R12(%rsp) /* C preserved */
294 movq %r13,TF_R13(%rsp) /* C preserved */
295 movq %r14,TF_R14(%rsp) /* C preserved */
296 movq %r15,TF_R15(%rsp) /* C preserved */
297 FAKE_MCOUNT(TF_RIP(%rsp))
300 /* JGXXX handle AST's? */
301 /* restore preserved registers */
303 movq TF_RDI(%rsp),%rdi /* bonus; preserve arg 1 */
304 movq TF_RSI(%rsp),%rsi /* bonus: preserve arg 2 */
305 movq TF_RDX(%rsp),%rdx /* return value 2 */
306 movq TF_RAX(%rsp),%rax /* return value 1 */
307 movq TF_RBX(%rsp),%rbx /* C preserved */
308 movq TF_RBP(%rsp),%rbp /* C preserved */
309 movq TF_R12(%rsp),%r12 /* C preserved */
310 movq TF_R13(%rsp),%r13 /* C preserved */
311 movq TF_R14(%rsp),%r14 /* C preserved */
312 movq TF_R15(%rsp),%r15 /* C preserved */
313 movq TF_RFLAGS(%rsp),%r11 /* original %rflags */
314 movq TF_RIP(%rsp),%rcx /* original %rip */
315 movq TF_RSP(%rsp),%r9 /* user stack pointer */
316 movq %r9,%rsp /* original %rsp */
323 * Here for CYA insurance, in case a "syscall" instruction gets
324 * issued from 32 bit compatability mode. MSR_CSTAR has to point
325 * to *something* if EFER_SCE is enabled.
327 IDTVEC(fast_syscall32)
331 * NMI handling is special.
333 * First, NMIs do not respect the state of the processor's RFLAGS.IF
334 * bit and the NMI handler may be invoked at any time, including when
335 * the processor is in a critical section with RFLAGS.IF == 0. In
336 * particular, this means that the processor's GS.base values could be
337 * inconsistent on entry to the handler, and so we need to read
338 * MSR_GSBASE to determine if a 'swapgs' is needed. We use '%ebx', a
339 * C-preserved register, to remember whether to swap GS back on the
342 * Second, the processor treats NMIs specially, blocking further NMIs
343 * until an 'iretq' instruction is executed. We therefore need to
344 * execute the NMI handler with interrupts disabled to prevent a
345 * nested interrupt from executing an 'iretq' instruction and
346 * inadvertently taking the processor out of NMI mode.
348 * Third, the NMI handler runs on its own stack (tss_ist1), shared
349 * with the double fault handler.
354 movq $(T_NMI),TF_TRAPNO(%rsp)
355 movq $0,TF_ADDR(%rsp)
357 movq %rdi,TF_RDI(%rsp)
358 movq %rsi,TF_RSI(%rsp)
359 movq %rdx,TF_RDX(%rsp)
360 movq %rcx,TF_RCX(%rsp)
363 movq %rax,TF_RAX(%rsp)
364 movq %rbx,TF_RBX(%rsp)
365 movq %rbp,TF_RBP(%rsp)
366 movq %r10,TF_R10(%rsp)
367 movq %r11,TF_R11(%rsp)
368 movq %r12,TF_R12(%rsp)
369 movq %r13,TF_R13(%rsp)
370 movq %r14,TF_R14(%rsp)
371 movq %r15,TF_R15(%rsp)
373 testb $SEL_RPL_MASK,TF_CS(%rsp)
374 jnz nmi_needswapgs /* we came from userland */
375 movl $MSR_GSBASE,%ecx
377 cmpl $VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS >> 32,%edx
378 jae nmi_calltrap /* GS.base holds a kernel VA */
382 /* Note: this label is also used by ddb and gdb: */
384 FAKE_MCOUNT(TF_RIP(%rsp))
392 movq TF_RDI(%rsp),%rdi
393 movq TF_RSI(%rsp),%rsi
394 movq TF_RDX(%rsp),%rdx
395 movq TF_RCX(%rsp),%rcx
398 movq TF_RAX(%rsp),%rax
399 movq TF_RBX(%rsp),%rbx
400 movq TF_RBP(%rsp),%rbp
401 movq TF_R10(%rsp),%r10
402 movq TF_R11(%rsp),%r11
403 movq TF_R12(%rsp),%r12
404 movq TF_R13(%rsp),%r13
405 movq TF_R14(%rsp),%r14
406 movq TF_R15(%rsp),%r15
411 * This function is what cpu_heavy_restore jumps to after a new process
412 * is created. The LWKT subsystem switches while holding a critical
413 * section and we maintain that abstraction here (e.g. because
414 * cpu_heavy_restore needs it due to PCB_*() manipulation), then get out of
415 * it before calling the initial function (typically fork_return()) and/or
416 * returning to user mode.
418 * The MP lock is held on entry, but for processes fork_return(esi)
419 * releases it. 'doreti' always runs without the MP lock.
421 ENTRY(fork_trampoline)
422 movq PCPU(curthread),%rax
423 subl $TDPRI_CRIT,TD_PRI(%rax)
426 * cpu_set_fork_handler intercepts this function call to
427 * have this call a non-return function to stay in kernel mode.
429 * initproc has its own fork handler, start_init(), which DOES
432 * %rbx - chaining function (typically fork_return)
433 * %r12 -> %rdi (argument)
434 * frame-> %rsi (trap frame)
436 * void (func:rbx)(arg:rdi, trapframe:rsi)
438 movq %rsp, %rsi /* pass trapframe by reference */
439 movq %r12, %rdi /* arg1 */
440 call *%rbx /* function */
442 /* cut from syscall */
447 #if defined(INVARIANTS) && defined(SMP)
448 movq PCPU(curthread),%rax
449 cmpl $0,TD_MPCOUNT(%rax)
452 movl TD_MPCOUNT(%rax), %rsi
456 pmsg4: .asciz "fork_trampoline mpcount %d after calling %p"
457 /* JG what's the purpose of this alignment and is it enough on amd64? */
462 * Return via doreti to handle ASTs.
464 * trapframe is at the top of the stack.
467 pushl $0 /* cpl to restore */
473 * To efficiently implement classification of trap and interrupt handlers
474 * for profiling, there must be only trap handlers between the labels btrap
475 * and bintr, and only interrupt handlers between the labels bintr and
476 * eintr. This is implemented (partly) by including files that contain
477 * some of the handlers. Before including the files, set up a normal asm
478 * environment so that the included files doen't need to know that they are
488 #include <amd64/ia32/ia32_exception.S>
498 #include <amd64/amd64/apic_vector.S>
507 #include <amd64/isa/atpic_vector.S>