sbin/ping/ping.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   6  * Mike Muuss.
   7  *
   8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  10  * are met:
  11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  18  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  19  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  22  *    without specific prior written permission.
  23  *
  24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  35  *
  36  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  37  * @(#)ping.c   8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
  38  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/ping/ping.c,v 1.52.2.13 2002/10/29 10:23:21 maxim Exp $
  39  * $DragonFly: src/sbin/ping/ping.c,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:27:34 dillon Exp $
  40  */
  41
  42 /*
  43  *                      P I N G . C
  44  *
  45  * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
  46  * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
  47  *
  48  * Author -
  49  *      Mike Muuss
  50  *      U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
  51  *      December, 1983
  52  *
  53  * Status -
  54  *      Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
  55  * Bugs -
  56  *      More statistics could always be gathered.
  57  *      This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
  58  */
  59
  60 #include <sys/param.h>          /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
  61
  62 #include <ctype.h>
  63 #include <err.h>
  64 #include <errno.h>
  65 #include <math.h>
  66 #include <netdb.h>
  67 #include <signal.h>
  68 #include <stdio.h>
  69 #include <stdlib.h>
  70 #include <string.h>
  71 #include <sysexits.h>
  72 #include <termios.h>
  73 #include <unistd.h>
  74
  75 #include <sys/socket.h>
  76 #include <sys/time.h>
  77 #include <sys/uio.h>
  78
  79 #include <netinet/in.h>
  80 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
  81 #include <netinet/ip.h>
  82 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
  83 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
  84 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  85
  86 #ifdef IPSEC
  87 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
  88 #endif /*IPSEC*/
  89
  90 #define INADDR_LEN      ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
  91 #define PHDR_LEN        ((int)sizeof(struct timeval))
  92 #define DEFDATALEN      (64 - PHDR_LEN) /* default data length */
  93 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF   20000           /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
  94                                         /* runs out of buffer space */
  95 #define MAXIPLEN        (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
  96 #define MAXICMPLEN      (ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
  97 #define MINICMPLEN      ICMP_MINLEN
  98 #define MAXPAYLOAD      (IP_MAXPACKET - MAXIPLEN - MINICMPLEN)
  99 #define MAXWAIT         10              /* max seconds to wait for response */
 100 #define MAXALARM        (60 * 60)       /* max seconds for alarm timeout */
 101
 102 #define A(bit)          rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]      /* identify byte in array */
 103 #define B(bit)          (1 << ((bit) & 0x07))   /* identify bit in byte */
 104 #define SET(bit)        (A(bit) |= B(bit))
 105 #define CLR(bit)        (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
 106 #define TST(bit)        (A(bit) & B(bit))
 107
 108 /* various options */
 109 int options;
 110 #define F_FLOOD         0x0001
 111 #define F_INTERVAL      0x0002
 112 #define F_NUMERIC       0x0004
 113 #define F_PINGFILLED    0x0008
 114 #define F_QUIET         0x0010
 115 #define F_RROUTE        0x0020
 116 #define F_SO_DEBUG      0x0040
 117 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE  0x0080
 118 #define F_VERBOSE       0x0100
 119 #define F_QUIET2        0x0200
 120 #define F_NOLOOP        0x0400
 121 #define F_MTTL          0x0800
 122 #define F_MIF           0x1000
 123 #define F_AUDIBLE       0x2000
 124 #ifdef IPSEC
 125 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 126 #define F_POLICY        0x4000
 127 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 128 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 129 #define F_TTL           0x8000
 130 #define F_MISSED        0x10000
 131
 132 /*
 133  * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
 134  * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
 135  * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
 136  */
 137 #define MAX_DUP_CHK     (8 * 128)
 138 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
 139 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
 140
 141 struct sockaddr_in whereto;     /* who to ping */
 142 int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
 143 int s;                          /* socket file descriptor */
 144 u_char outpack[MINICMPLEN + MAXPAYLOAD];
 145 char BSPACE = '\b';             /* characters written for flood */
 146 char BBELL = '\a';              /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
 147 char DOT = '.';
 148 char *hostname;
 149 char *shostname;
 150 int ident;                      /* process id to identify our packets */
 151 int uid;                        /* cached uid for micro-optimization */
 152
 153 /* counters */
 154 long npackets;                  /* max packets to transmit */
 155 long nreceived;                 /* # of packets we got back */
 156 long nrepeats;                  /* number of duplicates */
 157 long ntransmitted;              /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
 158 long nmissedmax;                /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
 159 int interval = 1000;            /* interval between packets, ms */
 160
 161 /* timing */
 162 int timing;                     /* flag to do timing */
 163 double tmin = 999999999.0;      /* minimum round trip time */
 164 double tmax = 0.0;              /* maximum round trip time */
 165 double tsum = 0.0;              /* sum of all times, for doing average */
 166 double tsumsq = 0.0;            /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
 167
 168 volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;  /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
 169 int reset_kerninfo;
 170 volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
 171
 172 static void fill(char *, char *);
 173 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int);
 174 static void check_status(void);
 175 static void finish(void) __dead2;
 176 static void pinger(void);
 177 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
 178 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *);
 179 static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
 180 static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
 181 static void pr_retip(struct ip *);
 182 static void status(int);
 183 static void stopit(int);
 184 static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
 185 static void usage(void) __dead2;
 186
 187 int
 188 main(argc, argv)
 189         int argc;
 190         char *const *argv;
 191 {
 192         struct in_addr ifaddr;
 193         struct iovec iov;
 194         struct msghdr msg;
 195         struct sigaction si_sa;
 196         struct sockaddr_in from, sin;
 197         struct termios ts;
 198         struct timeval last, intvl;
 199         struct hostent *hp;
 200         struct sockaddr_in *to;
 201         double t;
 202         u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET];
 203         char *ep, *source, *target;
 204 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 205         char *policy_in, *policy_out;
 206 #endif
 207         u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp;
 208         int ch, hold, i, packlen, preload, sockerrno, almost_done = 0, ttl;
 209         char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
 210         char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
 211 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 212         char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];      /* record route space */
 213 #endif
 214         unsigned char mttl, loop;
 215
 216         source = NULL;
 217 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 218         policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
 219 #endif
 220
 221         /*
 222          * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
 223          * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
 224          * after arg parsing.
 225          */
 226         s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
 227         sockerrno = errno;
 228
 229         setuid(getuid());
 230         uid = getuid();
 231
 232         alarmtimeout = preload = 0;
 233
 234         datap = &outpack[MINICMPLEN + PHDR_LEN];
 235         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
 236                 "AI:LQRS:T:c:adfi:l:m:np:qrs:t:v"
 237 #ifdef IPSEC
 238 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 239                 "P:"
 240 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 241 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 242                 )) != -1)
 243         {
 244                 switch(ch) {
 245                 case 'A':
 246                         options |= F_MISSED;
 247                         break;
 248                 case 'a':
 249                         options |= F_AUDIBLE;
 250                         break;
 251                 case 'c':
 252                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 253                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp)
 254                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 255                                     "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
 256                                     optarg);
 257                         npackets = ultmp;
 258                         break;
 259                 case 'd':
 260                         options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
 261                         break;
 262                 case 'f':
 263                         if (uid) {
 264                                 errno = EPERM;
 265                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
 266                         }
 267                         options |= F_FLOOD;
 268                         setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
 269                         break;
 270                 case 'i':               /* wait between sending packets */
 271                         t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
 272                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
 273                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
 274                                     optarg);
 275                         options |= F_INTERVAL;
 276                         interval = (int)t;
 277                         if (uid && interval < 1000) {
 278                                 errno = EPERM;
 279                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
 280                         }
 281                         break;
 282                 case 'I':               /* multicast interface */
 283                         if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
 284                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 285                                     "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
 286                                     optarg);
 287                         options |= F_MIF;
 288                         break;
 289                 case 'l':
 290                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 291                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX)
 292                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 293                                     "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
 294                         if (uid) {
 295                                 errno = EPERM;
 296                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
 297                         }
 298                         preload = ultmp;
 299                         break;
 300                 case 'L':
 301                         options |= F_NOLOOP;
 302                         loop = 0;
 303                         break;
 304                 case 'm':               /* TTL */
 305                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 306                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > 255)
 307                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
 308                         ttl = ultmp;
 309                         options |= F_TTL;
 310                         break;
 311                 case 'n':
 312                         options |= F_NUMERIC;
 313                         break;
 314                 case 'p':               /* fill buffer with user pattern */
 315                         options |= F_PINGFILLED;
 316                         fill((char *)datap, optarg);
 317                                 break;
 318                 case 'Q':
 319                         options |= F_QUIET2;
 320                         break;
 321                 case 'q':
 322                         options |= F_QUIET;
 323                         break;
 324                 case 'R':
 325                         options |= F_RROUTE;
 326                         break;
 327                 case 'r':
 328                         options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
 329                         break;
 330                 case 's':               /* size of packet to send */
 331                         if (uid) {
 332                                 errno = EPERM;
 333                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-s flag");
 334                         }
 335                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 336                         if (ultmp > MAXPAYLOAD)
 337                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 338                                     "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
 339                                     ultmp, MAXPAYLOAD);
 340                         if (*ep || ep == optarg)
 341                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 342                                     optarg);
 343                         datalen = ultmp;
 344                         break;
 345                 case 'S':
 346                         source = optarg;
 347                         break;
 348                 case 't':
 349                         alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 350                         if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
 351                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
 352                                     optarg);
 353                         if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
 354                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
 355                                     optarg, MAXALARM);
 356                         alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
 357                         break;
 358                 case 'T':               /* multicast TTL */
 359                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 360                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > 255)
 361                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
 362                                     optarg);
 363                         mttl = ultmp;
 364                         options |= F_MTTL;
 365                         break;
 366                 case 'v':
 367                         options |= F_VERBOSE;
 368                         break;
 369 #ifdef IPSEC
 370 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 371                 case 'P':
 372                         options |= F_POLICY;
 373                         if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
 374                                 policy_in = strdup(optarg);
 375                         else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
 376                                 policy_out = strdup(optarg);
 377                         else
 378                                 errx(1, "invalid security policy");
 379                         break;
 380 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 381 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 382                 default:
 383                         usage();
 384                 }
 385         }
 386
 387         if (argc - optind != 1)
 388                 usage();
 389         target = argv[optind];
 390
 391         if (source) {
 392                 bzero((char *)&sin, sizeof(sin));
 393                 sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
 394                 if (inet_aton(source, &sin.sin_addr) != 0) {
 395                         shostname = source;
 396                 } else {
 397                         hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET);
 398                         if (!hp)
 399                                 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 400                                     source, hstrerror(h_errno));
 401
 402                         sin.sin_len = sizeof sin;
 403                         if (hp->h_length > sizeof(sin.sin_addr) ||
 404                             hp->h_length < 0)
 405                                 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
 406                         memcpy(&sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
 407                             sizeof(sin.sin_addr));
 408                         (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
 409                             sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
 410                         snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 411                         shostname = snamebuf;
 412                 }
 413                 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof sin) == -1)
 414                         err(1, "bind");
 415         }
 416
 417         bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
 418         to = &whereto;
 419         to->sin_family = AF_INET;
 420         to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
 421         if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
 422                 hostname = target;
 423         } else {
 424                 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET);
 425                 if (!hp)
 426                         errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 427                             target, hstrerror(h_errno));
 428
 429                 if (hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
 430                         errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
 431                 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
 432                 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
 433                 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 434                 hostname = hnamebuf;
 435         }
 436
 437         if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
 438                 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
 439
 440         if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 441                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 442                     "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
 443         if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
 444             && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 445                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 446                     "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
 447
 448         if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN)        /* can we time transfer */
 449                 timing = 1;
 450         packlen = MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN + datalen;
 451         packlen = packlen > IP_MAXPACKET ? IP_MAXPACKET : packlen;
 452
 453         if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
 454                 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
 455                         *datap++ = i;
 456
 457         ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
 458
 459         if (s < 0) {
 460                 errno = sockerrno;
 461                 err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
 462         }
 463         hold = 1;
 464         if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
 465                 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
 466                     sizeof(hold));
 467         if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
 468                 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
 469                     sizeof(hold));
 470 #ifdef IPSEC
 471 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 472         if (options & F_POLICY) {
 473                 char *buf;
 474                 if (policy_in != NULL) {
 475                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
 476                         if (buf == NULL)
 477                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 478                         if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 479                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 480                                 err(EX_CONFIG,
 481                                     "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 482                         free(buf);
 483                 }
 484
 485                 if (policy_out != NULL) {
 486                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
 487                         if (buf == NULL)
 488                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 489                         if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 490                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 491                                 err(EX_CONFIG,
 492                                     "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 493                         free(buf);
 494                 }
 495         }
 496 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 497 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 498
 499         /* record route option */
 500         if (options & F_RROUTE) {
 501 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 502                 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
 503                 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
 504                 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
 505                 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
 506                 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
 507                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
 508                     sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
 509                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
 510 #else
 511                 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
 512                     "record route not available in this implementation");
 513 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
 514         }
 515
 516         if (options & F_TTL) {
 517                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
 518                     sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
 519                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
 520                 }
 521         }
 522         if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
 523                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
 524                     sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
 525                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
 526                 }
 527         }
 528         if (options & F_MTTL) {
 529                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
 530                     sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
 531                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
 532                 }
 533         }
 534         if (options & F_MIF) {
 535                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
 536                     sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
 537                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
 538                 }
 539         }
 540 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 541         { int on = 1;
 542         if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
 543                 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
 544         }
 545 #endif
 546
 547         /*
 548          * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
 549          * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
 550          * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
 551          * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
 552          * or multicast pings if they wish.
 553          */
 554
 555         /*
 556          * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
 557          * as well.
 558          */
 559         hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
 560         (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
 561             sizeof(hold));
 562
 563         if (!uid) {
 564                 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
 565                     sizeof(hold));
 566         }
 567
 568         if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
 569                 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
 570                     inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
 571                 if (source)
 572                         (void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
 573                 (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
 574         } else
 575                 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
 576
 577         /*
 578          * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
 579          * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
 580          */
 581
 582         sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
 583         si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
 584
 585         si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 586         if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 587                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
 588         }
 589
 590         si_sa.sa_handler = status;
 591         if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 592                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
 593         }
 594
 595         if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
 596                 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 597                 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
 598                         err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
 599         }
 600
 601         bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
 602         msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
 603         msg.msg_iov = &iov;
 604         msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
 605 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 606         msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
 607 #endif
 608         iov.iov_base = packet;
 609         iov.iov_len = packlen;
 610
 611         if (tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
 612                 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO);
 613                 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO;
 614                 tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
 615         }
 616
 617         if (preload == 0)
 618                 pinger();               /* send the first ping */
 619         else {
 620                 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
 621                         preload = npackets;
 622                 while (preload--)       /* fire off them quickies */
 623                         pinger();
 624         }
 625         (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
 626
 627         if (options & F_FLOOD) {
 628                 intvl.tv_sec = 0;
 629                 intvl.tv_usec = 10000;
 630         } else {
 631                 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
 632                 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000;
 633         }
 634
 635         while (!finish_up) {
 636                 int cc;
 637                 int n;
 638                 struct timeval timeout, now;
 639                 fd_set rfds;
 640
 641                 check_status();
 642                 if (s >= FD_SETSIZE)
 643                         errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
 644                 FD_ZERO(&rfds);
 645                 FD_SET(s, &rfds);
 646                 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
 647                 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
 648                 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec;
 649                 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) {
 650                         timeout.tv_usec += 1000000;
 651                         timeout.tv_sec--;
 652                 }
 653                 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
 654                         timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000;
 655                         timeout.tv_sec++;
 656                 }
 657                 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
 658                         timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0;
 659                 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
 660                 if (n < 0)
 661                         continue;       /* Must be EINTR. */
 662                 if (n == 1) {
 663                         struct timeval *t = 0;
 664 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 665                         struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl;
 666
 667                         msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
 668 #endif
 669                         msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
 670                         if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
 671                                 if (errno == EINTR)
 672                                         continue;
 673                                 warn("recvmsg");
 674                                 continue;
 675                         }
 676 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 677                         if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
 678                             cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
 679                             cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *t)) {
 680                                 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
 681                                 memcpy(&now,CMSG_DATA(cmsg),sizeof(now));
 682                                 t = &now;
 683                         }
 684 #endif
 685                         if (t == 0) {
 686                                 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
 687                                 t = &now;
 688                         }
 689                         pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, t);
 690                         if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)
 691                                 break;
 692                 }
 693                 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
 694                         if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
 695                                 pinger();
 696                         else {
 697                                 if (almost_done)
 698                                         break;
 699                                 almost_done = 1;
 700                                 intvl.tv_usec = 0;
 701                                 if (nreceived) {
 702                                         intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
 703                                         if (!intvl.tv_sec)
 704                                                 intvl.tv_sec = 1;
 705                                 } else
 706                                         intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT;
 707                         }
 708                         (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
 709
 710                         if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
 711                                 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
 712                                 if (options & F_MISSED)
 713                                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
 714                         }
 715                 }
 716         }
 717         finish();
 718         /* NOTREACHED */
 719         exit(0);        /* Make the compiler happy */
 720 }
 721
 722 /*
 723  * stopit --
 724  *      Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
 725  * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
 726  * to be called from a signal handler.
 727  */
 728 void
 729 stopit(sig)
 730         int sig __unused;
 731 {
 732
 733         finish_up = 1;
 734 }
 735
 736 /*
 737  * pinger --
 738  *      Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
 739  * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
 740  * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first PHDR_LEN
 741  * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in
 742  * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
 743  */
 744 static void
 745 pinger(void)
 746 {
 747         struct icmp *icp;
 748         int cc, i;
 749
 750         icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
 751         icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
 752         icp->icmp_code = 0;
 753         icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
 754         icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted;
 755         icp->icmp_id = ident;                   /* ID */
 756
 757         CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
 758
 759         if (timing)
 760                 (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[MINICMPLEN],
 761                     (struct timezone *)NULL);
 762
 763         cc = MINICMPLEN + datalen;
 764
 765         /* compute ICMP checksum here */
 766         icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
 767
 768         i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
 769             sizeof(whereto));
 770
 771         if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
 772                 if (i < 0) {
 773                         if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
 774                                 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
 775                                 return;
 776                         }
 777                         warn("sendto");
 778                 } else {
 779                         warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
 780                              hostname, i, cc);
 781                 }
 782         }
 783         ntransmitted++;
 784         if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
 785                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
 786 }
 787
 788 /*
 789  * pr_pack --
 790  *      Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
 791  * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
 792  * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
 793  * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
 794  */
 795 static void
 796 pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv)
 797         char *buf;
 798         int cc;
 799         struct sockaddr_in *from;
 800         struct timeval *tv;
 801 {
 802         struct icmp *icp;
 803         struct ip *ip;
 804         struct in_addr ina;
 805         struct timeval *tp;
 806         u_char *cp, *dp;
 807         double triptime;
 808         int dupflag, hlen, i, j;
 809         static int old_rrlen;
 810         static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
 811
 812         /* Check the IP header */
 813         ip = (struct ip *)buf;
 814         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
 815         if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
 816                 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
 817                         warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
 818                              inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
 819                 return;
 820         }
 821
 822         /* Now the ICMP part */
 823         cc -= hlen;
 824         icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
 825         if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
 826                 if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
 827                         return;                 /* 'Twas not our ECHO */
 828                 ++nreceived;
 829                 triptime = 0.0;
 830                 if (timing) {
 831                         struct timeval tv1;
 832 #ifndef icmp_data
 833                         tp = (struct timeval *)&icp->icmp_ip;
 834 #else
 835                         tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data;
 836 #endif
 837                         /* Avoid unaligned data: */
 838                         memcpy(&tv1,tp,sizeof(tv1));
 839                         tvsub(tv, &tv1);
 840                         triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
 841                             ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
 842                         tsum += triptime;
 843                         tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
 844                         if (triptime < tmin)
 845                                 tmin = triptime;
 846                         if (triptime > tmax)
 847                                 tmax = triptime;
 848                 }
 849
 850                 if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
 851                         ++nrepeats;
 852                         --nreceived;
 853                         dupflag = 1;
 854                 } else {
 855                         SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
 856                         dupflag = 0;
 857                 }
 858
 859                 if (options & F_QUIET)
 860                         return;
 861
 862                 if (options & F_FLOOD)
 863                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
 864                 else {
 865                         (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
 866                            inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
 867                            icp->icmp_seq);
 868                         (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
 869                         if (timing)
 870                                 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
 871                         if (dupflag)
 872                                 (void)printf(" (DUP!)");
 873                         if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
 874                                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
 875                         /* check the data */
 876                         cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN];
 877                         dp = &outpack[MINICMPLEN + PHDR_LEN];
 878                         for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) {
 879                                 if (*cp != *dp) {
 880         (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
 881             i, *dp, *cp);
 882                                         (void)printf("\ncp:");
 883                                         cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
 884                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
 885                                                 if ((i % 32) == 8)
 886                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
 887                                                 (void)printf("%x ", *cp);
 888                                         }
 889                                         (void)printf("\ndp:");
 890                                         cp = &outpack[MINICMPLEN];
 891                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
 892                                                 if ((i % 32) == 8)
 893                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
 894                                                 (void)printf("%x ", *cp);
 895                                         }
 896                                         break;
 897                                 }
 898                         }
 899                 }
 900         } else {
 901                 /*
 902                  * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
 903                  * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
 904                  * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
 905                  * and ICMP type and ID.
 906                  *
 907                  * Only print all the error messages if we are running
 908                  * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
 909                  * available to those not running as root.
 910                  */
 911 #ifndef icmp_data
 912                 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip;
 913 #else
 914                 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data;
 915 #endif
 916                 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1);
 917
 918                 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
 919                     (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
 920                      (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
 921                      (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
 922                      (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
 923                      (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) {
 924                     (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
 925                         pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
 926                     pr_icmph(icp);
 927                 } else
 928                     return;
 929         }
 930
 931         /* Display any IP options */
 932         cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
 933
 934         for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
 935                 switch (*cp) {
 936                 case IPOPT_EOL:
 937                         hlen = 0;
 938                         break;
 939                 case IPOPT_LSRR:
 940                         (void)printf("\nLSRR: ");
 941                         j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
 942                         hlen -= 2;
 943                         cp += 2;
 944                         if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
 945                             j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
 946                                 for (;;) {
 947                                         bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
 948                                         if (ina.s_addr == 0)
 949                                                 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
 950                                         else
 951                                                 (void)printf("\t%s",
 952                                                      pr_addr(ina));
 953                                         hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
 954                                         cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
 955                                         j -= INADDR_LEN;
 956                                         if (j < INADDR_LEN)
 957                                                 break;
 958                                         (void)putchar('\n');
 959                                 }
 960                         } else
 961                                 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
 962                         break;
 963                 case IPOPT_RR:
 964                         j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];             /* get length */
 965                         i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];           /* and pointer */
 966                         hlen -= 2;
 967                         cp += 2;
 968                         if (i > j)
 969                                 i = j;
 970                         i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
 971                         if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
 972                                 old_rrlen = 0;
 973                                 continue;
 974                         }
 975                         if (i == old_rrlen
 976                             && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
 977                             && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
 978                                 (void)printf("\t(same route)");
 979                                 hlen -= i;
 980                                 cp += i;
 981                                 break;
 982                         }
 983                         old_rrlen = i;
 984                         bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
 985
 986                         (void)printf("\nRR: ");
 987
 988                         if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
 989                             i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
 990                                 for (;;) {
 991                                         bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
 992                                         if (ina.s_addr == 0)
 993                                                 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
 994                                         else
 995                                                 (void)printf("\t%s",
 996                                                      pr_addr(ina));
 997                                         hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
 998                                         cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
 999                                         i -= INADDR_LEN;
1000                                         if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1001                                                 break;
1002                                         (void)putchar('\n');
1003                                 }
1004                         } else
1005                                 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1006                         break;
1007                 case IPOPT_NOP:
1008                         (void)printf("\nNOP");
1009                         break;
1010                 default:
1011                         (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1012                         break;
1013                 }
1014         if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1015                 (void)putchar('\n');
1016                 (void)fflush(stdout);
1017         }
1018 }
1019
1020 /*
1021  * in_cksum --
1022  *      Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
1023  */
1024 u_short
1025 in_cksum(addr, len)
1026         u_short *addr;
1027         int len;
1028 {
1029         int nleft, sum;
1030         u_short *w;
1031         union {
1032                 u_short us;
1033                 u_char  uc[2];
1034         } last;
1035         u_short answer;
1036
1037         nleft = len;
1038         sum = 0;
1039         w = addr;
1040
1041         /*
1042          * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
1043          * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
1044          * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
1045          */
1046         while (nleft > 1)  {
1047                 sum += *w++;
1048                 nleft -= 2;
1049         }
1050
1051         /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1052         if (nleft == 1) {
1053                 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w;
1054                 last.uc[1] = 0;
1055                 sum += last.us;
1056         }
1057
1058         /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
1059         sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);     /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1060         sum += (sum >> 16);                     /* add carry */
1061         answer = ~sum;                          /* truncate to 16 bits */
1062         return(answer);
1063 }
1064
1065 /*
1066  * tvsub --
1067  *      Subtract 2 timeval structs:  out = out - in.  Out is assumed to
1068  * be >= in.
1069  */
1070 static void
1071 tvsub(out, in)
1072         struct timeval *out, *in;
1073 {
1074
1075         if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
1076                 --out->tv_sec;
1077                 out->tv_usec += 1000000;
1078         }
1079         out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
1080 }
1081
1082 /*
1083  * status --
1084  *      Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1085  */
1086
1087 static void
1088 status(sig)
1089         int sig __unused;
1090 {
1091
1092         siginfo_p = 1;
1093 }
1094
1095 static void
1096 check_status()
1097 {
1098
1099         if (siginfo_p) {
1100                 siginfo_p = 0;
1101                 (void)fprintf(stderr,
1102         "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%) %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max\n",
1103                     nreceived, ntransmitted,
1104                     ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0,
1105                     nreceived ? tmin : 0.0,
1106                     nreceived + nrepeats ? tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats) : tsum,
1107                     tmax);
1108         }
1109 }
1110
1111 /*
1112  * finish --
1113  *      Print out statistics, and give up.
1114  */
1115 static void
1116 finish()
1117 {
1118
1119         struct termios ts;
1120
1121         (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1122         (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1123         (void)putchar('\n');
1124         (void)fflush(stdout);
1125         (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1126         (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1127         (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1128         if (nrepeats)
1129                 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1130         if (ntransmitted) {
1131                 if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1132                         (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1133                 else
1134                         (void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
1135                             (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
1136                             ntransmitted));
1137         }
1138         (void)putchar('\n');
1139         if (nreceived && timing) {
1140                 double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1141                 double avg = tsum / n;
1142                 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1143                 (void)printf(
1144                     "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1145                     tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1146         }
1147         if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
1148                 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO;
1149                 tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
1150         }
1151
1152         if (nreceived)
1153                 exit(0);
1154         else
1155                 exit(2);
1156 }
1157
1158 #ifdef notdef
1159 static char *ttab[] = {
1160         "Echo Reply",           /* ip + seq + udata */
1161         "Dest Unreachable",     /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1162         "Source Quench",        /* IP */
1163         "Redirect",             /* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1164         "Echo",
1165         "Time Exceeded",        /* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1166         "Parameter Problem",    /* pointer + IP */
1167         "Timestamp",            /* id + seq + three timestamps */
1168         "Timestamp Reply",      /* " */
1169         "Info Request",         /* id + sq */
1170         "Info Reply"            /* " */
1171 };
1172 #endif
1173
1174 /*
1175  * pr_icmph --
1176  *      Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1177  */
1178 static void
1179 pr_icmph(icp)
1180         struct icmp *icp;
1181 {
1182
1183         switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1184         case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1185                 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1186                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1187                 break;
1188         case ICMP_UNREACH:
1189                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1190                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1191                         (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1192                         break;
1193                 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1194                         (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1195                         break;
1196                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1197                         (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1198                         break;
1199                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1200                         (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1201                         break;
1202                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1203                         (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1204                                         ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1205                         break;
1206                 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1207                         (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1208                         break;
1209                 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1210                         (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1211                         break;
1212                 default:
1213                         (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1214                             icp->icmp_code);
1215                         break;
1216                 }
1217                 /* Print returned IP header information */
1218 #ifndef icmp_data
1219                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1220 #else
1221                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1222 #endif
1223                 break;
1224         case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1225                 (void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1226 #ifndef icmp_data
1227                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1228 #else
1229                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1230 #endif
1231                 break;
1232         case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1233                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1234                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1235                         (void)printf("Redirect Network");
1236                         break;
1237                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1238                         (void)printf("Redirect Host");
1239                         break;
1240                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1241                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1242                         break;
1243                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1244                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1245                         break;
1246                 default:
1247                         (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1248                         break;
1249                 }
1250                 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1251 #ifndef icmp_data
1252                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1253 #else
1254                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1255 #endif
1256                 break;
1257         case ICMP_ECHO:
1258                 (void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1259                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1260                 break;
1261         case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1262                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1263                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1264                         (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1265                         break;
1266                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1267                         (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1268                         break;
1269                 default:
1270                         (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1271                             icp->icmp_code);
1272                         break;
1273                 }
1274 #ifndef icmp_data
1275                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1276 #else
1277                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1278 #endif
1279                 break;
1280         case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1281                 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1282                     icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1283 #ifndef icmp_data
1284                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1285 #else
1286                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1287 #endif
1288                 break;
1289         case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1290                 (void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1291                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1292                 break;
1293         case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1294                 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1295                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1296                 break;
1297         case ICMP_IREQ:
1298                 (void)printf("Information Request\n");
1299                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1300                 break;
1301         case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1302                 (void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1303                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1304                 break;
1305         case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1306                 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1307                 break;
1308         case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1309                 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1310                 break;
1311         case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1312                 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1313                 break;
1314         case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1315                 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1316                 break;
1317         default:
1318                 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1319         }
1320 }
1321
1322 /*
1323  * pr_iph --
1324  *      Print an IP header with options.
1325  */
1326 static void
1327 pr_iph(ip)
1328         struct ip *ip;
1329 {
1330         u_char *cp;
1331         int hlen;
1332
1333         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1334         cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;         /* point to options */
1335
1336         (void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1337         (void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1338             ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1339             ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1340         (void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1341             (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1342             (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1343         (void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1344                                                             ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1345         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
1346         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
1347         /* dump any option bytes */
1348         while (hlen-- > 20) {
1349                 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1350         }
1351         (void)putchar('\n');
1352 }
1353
1354 /*
1355  * pr_addr --
1356  *      Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1357  * a hostname.
1358  */
1359 static char *
1360 pr_addr(ina)
1361         struct in_addr ina;
1362 {
1363         struct hostent *hp;
1364         static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1365
1366         if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
1367             !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET)))
1368                 return inet_ntoa(ina);
1369         else
1370                 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1371                     inet_ntoa(ina));
1372         return(buf);
1373 }
1374
1375 /*
1376  * pr_retip --
1377  *      Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1378  */
1379 static void
1380 pr_retip(ip)
1381         struct ip *ip;
1382 {
1383         u_char *cp;
1384         int hlen;
1385
1386         pr_iph(ip);
1387         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1388         cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
1389
1390         if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1391                 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1392                     (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1393         else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1394                 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1395                         (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1396 }
1397
1398 static void
1399 fill(bp, patp)
1400         char *bp, *patp;
1401 {
1402         char *cp;
1403         int pat[16];
1404         u_int ii, jj, kk;
1405
1406         for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1407                 if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1408                         errx(EX_USAGE,
1409                             "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1410
1411         }
1412         ii = sscanf(patp,
1413             "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1414             &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1415             &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1416             &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1417
1418         if (ii > 0)
1419                 for (kk = 0; kk <= MAXPAYLOAD - (PHDR_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1420                         for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1421                                 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1422         if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1423                 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1424                 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1425                         (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1426                 (void)printf("\n");
1427         }
1428 }
1429
1430 static void
1431 usage()
1432 {
1433         (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1434 "usage: ping [-AQRadfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-m ttl]",
1435 "            [-p pattern] "
1436 #ifdef IPSEC
1437 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
1438 "[-P policy] "
1439 #endif
1440 #endif
1441 "[-s packetsize] [-S src_addr] [-t timeout]",
1442 "            [host | [-L] [-I iface] [-T ttl] mcast-group]");
1443         exit(EX_USAGE);
1444 }