2 .\" Copyright (c) 2000,2004 Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven
3 .\" Copyright (c) 2000,2001,2002 Søren Schmidt
4 .\" All rights reserved.
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15 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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27 .\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man4/ata.4,v 1.3.2.18 2002/10/16 13:40:51 fjoe Exp $
28 .\" $DragonFly: src/share/man/man4/ata.4,v 1.4 2005/08/01 01:49:17 swildner Exp $
39 .Nd generic (S)ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
41 For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
43 .Cd device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14
44 .Cd device ata1 at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15
46 For PCI based (S)ATA/ATAPI support:
50 To support (S)ATA compliant disk drives:
53 To support ATAPI CD-ROM, CDR, CDRW, DVD-ROM and DVD-RAM drives:
56 To support ATAPI floppy drives,
57 such as the ZIP and LS120:
60 To support ATAPI tape drives:
63 The following tunables are setable from the loader:
66 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
67 .It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
68 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is PIO).
70 set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
71 (WARNING: might cause data loss on power failures.)
73 set to 1 to enable Tagged Queuing support, 0 to disable (default is disabled).
74 (Only IBM DPTA, DTLA, ICxxxxxxAT, ICxxxxxxAV drives support that.)
77 This driver provides access to disk drives, ATAPI CD-ROM and DVD drives,
78 ZIP drives and tape streamers connected to controllers
79 according to the ATA and ATAPI standards.
80 These devices are also commonly known as IDE or EIDE devices.
82 The currently supported ATA controllers with their maximum speed include:
84 .Bl -tag -width "Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX2000" -compact
86 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
88 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
90 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
92 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
94 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
95 .It Cenatek Rocket Drive
96 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
98 DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
100 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
102 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
104 DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
106 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
108 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
110 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
111 .It HighPoint HPT372/HPT374
112 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
114 DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
116 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
118 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
120 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
121 .It Intel ICH2/ICH3/ICH4/ICH5
122 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
124 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
125 .It NVIDIA nForce ATA100
126 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
127 .It NVIDIA nForce2/nForce3 ATA133
128 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
129 .It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-33
130 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
131 .It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-66
132 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
133 .It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 (TX2/TX4)
134 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
135 .It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-133 TX2/TX2000
136 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
137 .It ServerWorks ROSB4
138 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
140 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
142 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
144 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA5), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
146 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
148 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
150 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
152 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
153 .It VIA 8233/8235/8237
154 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
157 The currently supported SATA controllers with their maximum speed include:
159 .Bl -tag -width "SiI 3112/3114/3124/3512" -compact
161 Serial ATA 150, 150 MB/sec
162 .It Intel ICH6(R)/(R)W
163 Serial ATA 150, 150 MB/sec
164 .It SiI 3112/3114/3124/3512
165 Serial ATA 150, 150 MB/sec
167 Serial ATA 150, 150 MB/sec
170 All unknown chipsets are supported at the maximum speed of 16 MB/sec.
174 driver also allows for changes to the transfer mode of the devices
175 at a later time when the system is up and running, see
178 The driver attempts to set the maximum performance transfer mode on your disk
179 drives by selecting the highest possible DMA mode. However the
181 driver sometimes issue the message
182 "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device",
183 if the cable is ATA66 (or above) compliant, it is because the other device
184 on this channel states it can only accept upto UDMA2/ATA33 signals.
185 ATAPI devices are left in PIO mode because DMA problems are common despite the
186 device specifications.
187 You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
189 but be aware that your hardware might
195 .Bl -tag -width "/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC " -compact
197 ATA disk device nodes
199 ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
201 ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
203 ATAPI tape drive device nodes
204 .It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC
205 sample generic kernel config file for
214 reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
215 even when not present.
216 This may result in odd situations where,
218 ad0 and ad2 exist in the absence of ad1.
219 The advantage is that the addition of the formerly absent drive
220 does not cause the numbers of the other drives to change.
224 driver does not support MFM/RLL/ESDI (ST-506) style disks.
226 Remember that in order to use UDMA4 (and above) mode you
228 to use a special 80 conductor cable,
229 and the driver tries to determine if you have such a cable
230 attached before setting UDMA4 mode.
232 The use of UDMA4(66MHz) and higher together with non-UDMA4 devices on
233 the same ATA channel is not recommended,
234 unless they are run at the non-UDMA4 device's lower speed.
235 The driver has been designed to handle that kind of setup but lots of
236 older devices do not like this.
243 driver first appeared in
249 driver was written by
251 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .
253 This manual page was written by
254 .An Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven
255 .Aq asmodai@FreeBSD.org
258 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .