1 # @(#)northamerica 7.80
2 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
4 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
6 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
9 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
10 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
12 ###############################################################################
16 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
17 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
18 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
19 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
20 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
21 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
22 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
23 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
24 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
25 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
27 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
28 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
29 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
31 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
32 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
33 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
34 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
35 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
36 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US and Puerto Rico entries below.
38 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
39 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
40 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
41 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
42 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
44 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
45 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
46 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
47 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
48 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
49 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
50 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
51 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
52 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
53 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
55 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
56 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
58 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
59 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
60 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
61 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
63 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
64 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
65 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
66 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
68 # From Arthur David Olson:
69 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
70 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
71 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
73 # From Arthur David Olson:
74 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
75 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
77 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
78 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
79 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
80 # An AltaVista search turned up
81 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
82 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
83 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
84 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
86 # From Joseph Gallant citing
87 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
88 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
89 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
90 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
91 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
92 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
93 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
94 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
96 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
97 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
99 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
100 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
101 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
102 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
103 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
106 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
107 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
108 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
109 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
111 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
113 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
114 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
115 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
116 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
117 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
119 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
120 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
121 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
122 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
123 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
124 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
125 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
126 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
127 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
128 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
129 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
130 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
134 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
135 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
137 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
138 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
139 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
140 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
142 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
143 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
144 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
146 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
147 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
148 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
150 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
151 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
152 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
153 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
154 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
155 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
156 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
157 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
158 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
159 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
160 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
161 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
162 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
163 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
164 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
166 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
167 # The above dates are for 1988.
168 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
169 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
172 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
173 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
174 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
175 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
176 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
178 # United States standard eastern time
179 # United States standard mountain time
180 # United States standard central time
181 # United States standard Pacific time
183 # United States standard Alaska time
185 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
186 # public law 98-181):
187 # Atlantic standard time
188 # eastern standard time
189 # central standard time
190 # mountain standard time
191 # Pacific standard time
192 # Yukon standard time
193 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
194 # Bering standard time
195 # And after 1983-11-30:
196 # Atlantic standard time
197 # eastern standard time
198 # central standard time
199 # mountain standard time
200 # Pacific standard time
201 # Alaska standard time
202 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
203 # Samoa standard time
204 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
206 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
207 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
208 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
209 # See the file "australasia".
211 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
212 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
214 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
215 # (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
216 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
217 # (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
218 # Sunday of March'; and
219 # (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
220 # Sunday of November'.
221 # (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
222 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
223 # (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
224 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
225 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
227 # (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
228 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
229 # Department study is complete.
231 # US eastern time, represented by New York
233 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
234 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
235 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
236 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
237 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
238 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
240 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
241 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
242 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
243 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
244 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
245 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
247 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
248 # According to today's Huntsville Times
249 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
250 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
251 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
252 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
253 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
254 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
257 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
258 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
259 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
260 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
261 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
262 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
263 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
264 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
271 # US central time, represented by Chicago
273 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
274 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
275 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
276 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
277 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
278 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
279 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
280 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
282 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
283 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
284 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
285 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
286 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
287 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
288 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
289 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
290 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
292 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
293 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
294 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
296 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
298 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
299 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
300 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
303 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
305 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
306 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
307 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
308 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
309 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
311 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
312 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
313 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
314 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
315 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
316 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
317 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
318 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
320 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
322 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
325 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
327 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
328 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties),
329 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
331 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
332 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
333 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
334 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
335 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
336 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
337 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
338 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
344 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
346 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
347 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
348 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
349 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
350 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
351 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
352 # the Julian calendar.
354 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
355 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
356 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
357 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
358 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
359 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
361 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
362 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
363 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
367 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
368 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
370 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
371 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
375 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
377 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
378 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
380 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946
381 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
383 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
384 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
386 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
387 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
390 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
392 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
393 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
395 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
396 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
399 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
401 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
402 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
404 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
406 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
407 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
408 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
410 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
411 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
412 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
413 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
414 # possibly until 1983:
416 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
417 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
418 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
419 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
420 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
421 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
422 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
423 # three votes for and one against."
427 # From Arthur David Olson:
428 # And then there's Hawaii.
429 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
430 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
431 # it's always standard as of 1986.
434 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
436 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
437 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
438 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
439 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
442 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
444 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
446 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
448 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
449 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
450 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
451 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
452 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
453 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
454 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
455 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
456 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
457 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
458 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
459 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
460 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
462 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
463 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
465 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
466 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
467 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
468 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
470 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
472 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
473 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
474 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
475 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
476 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
477 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
479 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
481 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
482 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
483 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
484 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
485 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties) and eastern Oregon
486 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
488 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
489 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
490 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
492 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
497 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
498 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
499 # What time is it in Indiana?
502 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-22):
503 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
504 # with the following exceptions:
506 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
507 # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
509 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
511 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
512 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
514 # - Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties have their own time zone
515 # histories as noted below.
517 # Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
518 # and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
519 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
521 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
522 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
523 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
525 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
526 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006,
527 # and that many counties may switch either to Central or to Eastern time.
528 # The county-by-county decisions have not been made yet, so for now assume
529 # that no counties will switch: this assumption is most likely wrong,
530 # but it's the best we can do for now.
532 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
533 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
534 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
535 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
536 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
537 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
539 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
541 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
542 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
543 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
549 # Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975,
550 # and left its clocks alone in 1974.
551 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
552 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
553 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
554 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
555 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
556 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
557 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
559 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
561 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
562 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
567 # Starke County, Indiana
568 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
569 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
570 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
572 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
573 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
574 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
575 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
576 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
577 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
578 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
579 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
581 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
582 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
583 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
587 # Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972.
588 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
589 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
590 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
596 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
597 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
598 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
599 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
600 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
601 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
602 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
603 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
604 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
605 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
606 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
607 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
609 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
611 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
613 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
614 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
617 # Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
620 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
621 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
622 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
623 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
624 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
625 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
626 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
627 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
628 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
629 # location in the Central time zone.
631 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
632 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
633 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
634 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
635 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
637 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
638 # The final rule was published in the
639 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
640 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
643 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
646 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
650 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
651 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
652 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
653 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
654 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
655 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
656 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
657 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
659 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
660 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
661 # so omit that change for now.
662 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
663 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
664 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
665 # 1999-10-31. See the
666 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
667 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
669 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
670 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
671 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
675 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
676 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
678 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
679 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
680 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
683 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
684 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
685 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
686 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
687 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
688 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
691 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
693 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
694 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
695 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
696 # info, so omit this for now.
698 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
699 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
700 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
701 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
702 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
703 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
704 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
705 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
706 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
709 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
711 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
714 # The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
715 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
716 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
717 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
718 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
719 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
720 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
721 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
723 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
724 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
728 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
729 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
730 # also claimed by Haiti
731 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
732 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
733 # currently uninhabited
734 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
735 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
736 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
738 ################################################################################
741 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
742 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
743 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
744 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
746 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
747 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
748 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
749 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
750 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
752 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
753 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
755 # Other sources occasionally used include:
757 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
758 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
759 # which I found in the UCLA library.
761 # <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
762 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
765 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
769 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
770 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
771 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
773 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
774 # offset French English French English
785 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
786 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
788 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
789 # C: du Centre Central
790 # E: de l'Est Eastern
793 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
798 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
799 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
801 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks.
803 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
804 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
805 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm">
806 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
807 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
808 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
810 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has
811 # <a href="http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html">
812 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
813 # </a> (updated periodically).
814 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
816 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
817 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
818 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
819 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
820 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
821 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
822 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
823 Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
824 Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
827 # Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador)
829 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
830 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
831 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
832 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
833 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
835 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
836 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
837 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
838 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks.
839 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
840 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
841 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks.
842 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
843 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
844 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks.
845 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
846 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
847 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
848 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
849 # but go with Shanks and assume they used Canadian rules.
850 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
851 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks.
852 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
853 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
854 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
855 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
856 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
857 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
858 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
859 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
860 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
861 Rule StJohns 1987 max - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
862 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
863 Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
864 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
865 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
866 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
867 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
868 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
869 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
870 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
871 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
874 # most of east Labrador
876 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
877 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
878 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
880 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
881 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
883 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
884 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
885 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
889 # west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
891 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
892 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax.
893 # Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
894 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
895 # Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
896 # DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
898 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
899 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, New Brunswick switches
900 # at 00:01 local time. FIXME: verify and create a new Zone for this.
903 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
904 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
905 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
906 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
907 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
908 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
909 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
910 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
911 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
912 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
913 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
914 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
915 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
916 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
917 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
918 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
919 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
920 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
921 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
922 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
923 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
924 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
925 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
926 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
927 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
928 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
929 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
930 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
931 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
932 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
933 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
934 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
935 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
936 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
937 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
938 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
939 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
940 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
941 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
942 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
943 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
944 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
945 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
946 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
947 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
948 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
949 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
950 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
951 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
953 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
954 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
955 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
957 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
963 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
964 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like Toronto,
965 # and most of Quebec has been like Montreal.
966 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
967 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
968 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
969 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
971 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
972 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
973 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
974 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
975 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
976 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
977 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
978 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
979 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
982 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
984 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
985 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
986 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
987 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
988 # He also writes that the
989 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
990 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
992 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
993 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
994 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
995 # For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
996 # Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
998 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
999 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1000 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1001 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1002 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1003 # They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to
1004 # observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT,
1005 # and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1006 # We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan,
1007 # but we don't know when their practices started.
1009 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1010 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1011 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1012 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1013 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1014 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1015 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1016 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1017 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1018 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1019 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1020 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1021 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1022 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1023 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1024 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1025 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1026 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1027 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1028 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1029 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1030 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1031 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1032 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1033 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1034 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1035 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1036 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1037 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1039 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1040 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1041 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1042 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1043 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1044 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1045 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1046 # Shanks says 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16" was meant.
1047 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1048 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1049 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1050 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1051 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1052 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1053 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1054 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1055 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1056 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1057 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1058 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1059 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1060 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1061 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1062 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1063 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1064 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1065 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1066 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1067 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1068 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1069 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1070 # Shanks says Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971, namely on 1971-10-24,
1071 # but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that he checked the 1971-10-30 issue
1072 # of the Toronto Star, and it said that DST ended 1971-10-31 as usual.
1073 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1075 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1076 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1077 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1078 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1079 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1081 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1082 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1083 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1084 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1085 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1086 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1087 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1088 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1089 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1090 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1091 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1093 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1094 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1095 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1096 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1097 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1098 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1099 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1101 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1102 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1103 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1104 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1105 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1107 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1110 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1111 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
1114 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1115 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1116 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1118 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
1119 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1120 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1126 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1127 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1128 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1129 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1130 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1131 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1132 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1133 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1134 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1135 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1136 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1137 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1138 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1139 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1140 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1141 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1142 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1143 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1144 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1145 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1146 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1147 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1148 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1149 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1150 Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1151 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1152 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Manitoba switches from
1153 # DST at 03:00 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1154 Rule Winn 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1155 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1156 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1162 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1163 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1164 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1165 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1166 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1167 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1168 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1169 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1172 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1173 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1174 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1176 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1177 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
1178 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1179 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1180 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1181 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1183 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1184 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1185 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1186 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1187 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1189 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1190 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1191 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1192 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1194 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1195 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1196 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1197 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1198 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1199 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1200 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1202 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1203 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1204 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1205 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1206 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1207 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1209 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1210 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1211 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1212 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1213 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1214 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1215 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1216 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1217 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1218 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1219 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1220 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1221 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1222 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1223 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1224 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1225 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1226 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1228 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1229 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1230 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1231 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1232 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1233 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1234 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1235 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1237 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1238 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1239 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1240 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1246 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1247 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1248 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1249 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1250 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1251 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1252 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1253 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1254 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1255 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1256 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1257 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1258 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1259 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1260 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1261 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1262 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1263 Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1264 Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1265 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1266 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1272 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1273 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
1274 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1275 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1277 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1278 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1279 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1280 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1281 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1282 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1283 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1284 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1285 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1286 Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1287 Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1288 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1289 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1291 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1292 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1293 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1297 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1299 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
1300 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1301 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1302 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1303 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1304 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1305 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1306 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1307 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1308 # Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander.
1310 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1311 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1312 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1313 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1316 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1317 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1318 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1320 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1321 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1322 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1323 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1324 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1325 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1327 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1328 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1329 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1331 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1333 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1334 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1336 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1338 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1340 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1341 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1342 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1343 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1344 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1345 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1346 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1347 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1348 # the current state of affairs.
1350 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1351 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1352 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1353 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1354 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1355 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1356 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1358 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1359 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1360 # for these potential new Zones.
1362 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1363 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1364 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1365 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1366 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1367 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1368 # required to use daylight savings.
1371 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1372 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1373 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1374 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1375 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1376 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1377 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1378 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1379 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1380 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1381 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1382 # unified time zone in 1999.
1384 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1385 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1387 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1388 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1390 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1391 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1392 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1393 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1394 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1395 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1396 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1398 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1400 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1401 # According to maps at
1402 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1403 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1404 # (both dated 2003), and
1405 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1406 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1407 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1408 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1409 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1410 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1411 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1413 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1414 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1415 # daylight saving only during wartime.
1417 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1418 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1419 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1420 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1421 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1422 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1423 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1424 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1425 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1426 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1427 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1428 Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1429 Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1430 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1431 Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
1432 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1433 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1434 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1436 Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
1437 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1438 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1440 Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884
1441 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946
1443 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
1444 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1445 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1447 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
1448 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1449 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1450 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1451 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1453 Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
1455 Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
1456 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1458 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1459 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1461 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1462 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1466 ###############################################################################
1470 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1471 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1472 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1473 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1474 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1477 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks and the MLoC.
1478 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1479 # Shanks reports that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1480 # Shanks says the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1481 # Shanks reports no DST during summer 1931.
1482 # Shanks reports a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1483 # Shanks does not report transitions for Baja in 1945 or 1948.
1484 # Shanks reports southern Mexico transitions on 1981-12-01, not 12-23.
1485 # Shanks says Quintana Roo switched to -6:00 on 1982-12-02, and to -5:00
1486 # on 1997-10-26 at 02:00.
1488 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1489 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1490 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1491 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1492 # the relevant documents.
1494 # From Paul Eggert (2000-07-26):
1495 # Shanks gives 1942-04-01 instead of 1942-04-24, and omits the 1981
1496 # and 1988 DST experiments. Go with spin.com.mx.
1498 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
1499 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1500 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1502 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1504 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1505 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1507 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1508 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1509 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1510 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1512 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1513 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1518 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1523 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1525 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1526 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1527 # For an English translation of the decree, see
1528 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
1529 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
1532 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1533 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
1534 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
1536 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
1537 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
1538 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
1539 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
1540 # Arizona year round.
1542 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
1543 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
1544 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
1545 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
1546 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
1549 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
1550 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
1552 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
1553 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
1555 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
1556 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
1557 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
1559 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
1560 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
1561 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
1562 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
1563 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
1564 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
1565 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
1566 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
1568 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
1569 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
1570 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
1571 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
1573 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
1575 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
1576 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
1578 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
1579 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
1580 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
1581 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
1582 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
1583 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
1585 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
1587 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
1588 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
1589 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
1590 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
1591 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
1592 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
1593 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
1594 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
1595 # September 30, 2001.
1596 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
1597 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
1599 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
1600 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
1601 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
1602 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
1603 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
1604 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
1605 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
1606 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
1608 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
1609 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
1610 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
1611 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
1612 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
1614 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1615 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
1616 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
1617 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
1618 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
1619 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
1620 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
1621 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
1622 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
1623 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1624 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1625 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1626 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1627 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1628 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1629 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1631 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
1632 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1633 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
1636 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
1637 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1638 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
1640 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
1641 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
1646 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
1647 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1648 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1649 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1650 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1651 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1652 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
1653 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
1656 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
1657 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1658 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1659 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1660 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1661 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1663 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
1664 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
1667 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
1668 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1669 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1670 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1671 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1672 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1673 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1674 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1676 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
1678 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
1679 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
1680 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1681 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1682 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1683 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1684 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1685 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1686 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1690 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
1692 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1693 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
1694 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
1695 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
1696 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
1697 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Nov 12
1698 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
1699 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
1704 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
1705 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
1707 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1708 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
1709 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
1710 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks. However, Guy Harris reports
1711 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
1712 # Tijuana observe DST," which contradicts Shanks but does imply that
1713 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
1714 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
1715 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
1716 # name or contents should be.
1721 ###############################################################################
1724 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1725 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1728 # Antigua and Barbuda
1729 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1730 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1735 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1736 Rule Bahamas 1964 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1737 Rule Bahamas 1964 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1738 Rule Bahamas 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1739 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1740 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1744 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1745 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
1746 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1747 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
1748 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1749 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
1750 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1751 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
1752 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
1756 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks.
1757 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1758 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
1759 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
1760 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
1761 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
1762 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
1763 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
1764 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1765 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
1769 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1770 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
1771 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1775 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1776 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
1777 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1781 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1782 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1783 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1784 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1785 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00; go with Shanks.
1786 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
1787 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
1788 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
1789 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1790 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
1791 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
1794 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
1798 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
1799 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
1800 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
1801 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
1802 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
1803 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
1804 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
1805 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
1806 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
1807 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
1809 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
1810 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
1811 # From Paul Eggert (2004-10-28):
1812 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
1813 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
1814 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
1815 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
1816 # For now, let's assume that it's a one-year temporary measure.
1818 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1819 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
1820 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
1821 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1822 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1823 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1824 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1825 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1826 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1827 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
1828 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1829 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
1830 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1831 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
1832 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1833 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1834 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
1835 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1836 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
1837 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1838 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1839 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
1840 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
1841 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1842 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
1843 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
1844 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
1845 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
1846 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
1847 Rule Cuba 2000 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
1848 Rule Cuba 2005 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
1850 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1851 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
1852 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
1856 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1857 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
1860 # Dominican Republic
1862 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
1863 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
1864 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
1865 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
1867 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1868 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
1870 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
1871 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
1872 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
1873 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
1874 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
1875 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
1876 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
1877 # decided to revert.
1880 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1881 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
1882 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
1883 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
1884 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
1885 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
1886 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
1887 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1888 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
1889 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
1890 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
1891 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
1892 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
1896 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1897 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1898 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1899 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
1900 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
1901 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1902 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
1906 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1907 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
1911 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1912 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
1916 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1917 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
1918 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
1919 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
1920 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1921 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
1922 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
1923 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1924 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
1928 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
1929 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
1930 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
1931 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
1932 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
1933 # </a>. Translated from French, it says:
1935 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
1936 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
1937 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
1938 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
1939 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
1941 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
1942 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
1943 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
1946 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
1948 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1949 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
1950 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1951 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1952 # Shanks says AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s. Go with IATA.
1953 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
1954 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
1955 Rule Haiti 2005 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1956 Rule Haiti 2005 only - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1957 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1958 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
1959 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
1963 # Shanks says 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
1964 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1965 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
1968 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
1972 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1975 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
1976 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
1979 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1980 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
1981 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1982 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1987 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1988 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
1989 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
1990 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
1991 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
1995 # From Paul Eggert (1997-08-31):
1996 # Recent volcanic eruptions have forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
1997 # Luckily, Olveston, the current de facto capital, has the same longitude.
1998 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1999 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Olveston
2004 # From Steffen Thorsen (1998-12-29):
2005 # Nicaragua seems to be back at -6:00 but I have not been able to find when
2006 # they changed from -5:00.
2008 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
2009 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
2010 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
2011 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
2012 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
2013 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
2014 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
2015 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
2016 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
2018 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
2019 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
2020 # assume that it is daylight saving and that they'll switch back on the
2021 # 3rd Sunday in September.
2023 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
2024 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
2025 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
2026 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
2027 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
2028 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
2029 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
2030 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
2031 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
2032 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
2034 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2035 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
2036 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
2037 Rule Nic 1992 only - Jan 1 4:00 1:00 D
2038 Rule Nic 1992 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
2039 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
2040 Rule Nic 2005 only - Sep 18 0:00 0 S
2041 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2042 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
2043 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
2044 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
2045 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
2046 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1993 Jan 1 4:00
2047 -5:00 - EST 1998 Dec
2051 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2052 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
2053 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
2057 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
2058 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2059 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
2060 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
2061 -4:00 1:00 AWT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
2065 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2066 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
2070 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2071 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
2072 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
2075 # St Pierre and Miquelon
2076 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
2077 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2078 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
2079 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
2080 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
2083 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
2084 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2085 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
2086 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
2090 # From Paul Eggert (1998-08-06):
2091 # Shanks says they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
2092 # says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
2093 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2094 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2095 Rule TC 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2096 Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2097 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2098 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
2099 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2103 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2104 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
2108 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2109 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
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