1 .\" Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 Nick Hibma <n_hibma@FreeBSD.org>
2 .\" Copyright (c) 2008 Hans Petter Selasky. All rights reserved.
4 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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25 .\" $FreeBSD: head/share/man/man4/usb.4 258618 2013-11-26 07:52:40Z lwhsu $
32 .Nd Universal Serial Bus
34 To compile this driver into the kernel,
35 place the following line in your
36 kernel configuration file:
37 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
41 Alternatively, to load the driver as a
42 module at boot time, place the following line in
44 .Bd -literal -offset indent
47 .Sh USERLAND PROGRAMMING
48 USB functions can be accessed from userland through the libusb library.
54 provides machine-independent bus support and drivers for
56 devices in host and device side mode.
60 driver has three layers:
61 .Bl -tag -width 6n -offset indent
62 .It USB Controller (Bus)
67 The controller attaches to a physical bus
72 bus attaches to the controller, and the root hub attaches
74 Any devices attached to the bus will attach to the root hub
75 or another hub attached to the
81 device will always be present as it is needed for the
85 provides support for the following devices.
87 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
91 Mass Storage Devices, e.g., external disk drives
93 Mass storage driver for device-side mode
95 .Ss Wired network interfaces
96 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
98 .\"ADMtek AN986 Pegasus Ethernet driver
100 ASIX Electronics AX88x7x/760 USB Ethernet driver
102 .\"CATC USB-EL1210A Ethernet driver
104 .\"Kawasaki LSI KL5KUSB101B Ethernet driver
106 .\"USB CDC (communication device class) driver for the LG P-500 smartphone
108 Moschip MCS7730/MCS7830/MCS7832 USB Ethernet driver
110 .\"RealTek RTL8150 Ethernet driver
112 Davicom DM9601 USB Ethernet driver
114 .Ss Wireless network interfaces
115 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
117 NDIS miniport driver wrapper
119 Ralink Technology RT2501USB/RT2601USB IEEE 802.11 driver
121 Ralink Technology RT2700U/RT2800U/RT3000U IEEE 802.11 driver
123 .\"Bluetooth adapters
125 .\"Ralink Technology RT2500USB IEEE 802.11 driver
127 RNDIS USB ethernet driver
129 Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8192CU IEEE 802.11 driver
131 .Ss Serial and parallel interfaces
132 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
134 .\"MosChip Semiconductor MCS7703 based serial adapters
136 support for 3G datacards
138 Arkmicro Technologies ARK3116 based serial adapters
140 Belkin serial adapters
142 support for BWCT console serial adapters
144 WinChipHead CH341/CH340 serial adapters
148 Cypress CY7C63743 and CY7C64013 USB to RS232 bridges
152 serial devices based on the FTDI chips
154 generic serial device
156 support for iPAQ units
160 serial adapters based on the MCS7820 and MCS7840 chips
162 Magic Control Technology USB-232 based serial adapters
166 serial adapters based on the MCS7703 chip
168 Prolific PL-2303/2303X/2303HX serial adapters
170 Silicon Laboratories CP2101, CP2102 and CP2103 USB to serial bridge
172 .\"Texas Instruments TUSB3410 RS232 to USB converter
174 support for the Handspring Visor, a Palmpilot compatible PDA
176 SUNTAC Slipper U VS-10U serial adapters
179 .\".Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
180 .\".It Xr snd_uaudio 4
181 .\"audio device driver
183 .\"driver for the Rio500 MP3 player
185 .Ss Radio receiver devices
186 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
188 Cypress Semiconductor FM Radio
190 .Ss Human Interface Devices
191 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
193 eGalax touchscreen driver
195 generic driver for Human Interface Devices
197 keyboards that follow the boot protocol
201 .\".Ss Miscellaneous devices
202 .\".Bl -tag -width ".Xr snd_uaudio 4" -offset indent -compact
206 .Sh INTRODUCTION TO USB
209 is a system where external devices can be connected to a PC.
210 The most common USB speeds are:
211 .Bl -tag -width 6n -offset indent
212 .It Low Speed (1.5MBit/sec)
213 .It Full Speed (12MBit/sec)
214 .It High Speed (480MBit/sec)
219 has a USB controller that is the master of the bus.
220 The physical communication is simplex which means the host controller only communicates with one USB device at a time.
222 There can be up to 127 devices connected to an USB HUB tree.
223 The addresses are assigned
224 dynamically by the host when each device is attached to the bus.
226 Within each device there can be up to 16 endpoints.
228 is individually addressed and the addresses are static.
229 Each of these endpoints will communicate in one of four different modes:
230 .Em control , isochronous , bulk ,
233 A device always has at least one endpoint.
234 This endpoint has address 0 and is a control
235 endpoint and is used to give commands to and extract basic data,
236 such as descriptors, from the device.
237 Each endpoint, except the control endpoint, is unidirectional.
239 The endpoints in a device are grouped into interfaces.
240 An interface is a logical unit within a device; e.g.\&
241 a compound device with both a keyboard and a trackball would present
242 one interface for each.
243 An interface can sometimes be set into different modes,
244 called alternate settings, which affects how it operates.
245 Different alternate settings can have different endpoints
248 A device may operate in different configurations.
250 configuration, the device may present different sets of endpoints
253 The bus enumeration of the
255 bus proceeds in several steps:
258 Any interface specific driver can attach to the device.
260 If none is found, generic interface class drivers can attach.
265 specifications can be found at:
267 .D1 Pa http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/
320 module complies with the USB 2.0 standard.
324 module has been inspired by the
326 USB stack initially written by Lennart Augustsson.
329 module was written by
330 .An Hans Petter Selasky Aq Mt hselasky@FreeBSD.org .