sbin/ping/ping.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   6  * Mike Muuss.
   7  *
   8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  10  * are met:
  11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  18  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  19  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  22  *    without specific prior written permission.
  23  *
  24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  35  */
  36
  37 #ifndef lint
  38 static const char copyright[] =
  39 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
  40         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  41 #endif /* not lint */
  42
  43 #ifndef lint
  44 #if 0
  45 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c      8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
  46 #endif
  47 static const char rcsid[] =
  48   "$FreeBSD: src/sbin/ping/ping.c,v 1.52.2.13 2002/10/29 10:23:21 maxim Exp $";
  49 #endif /* not lint */
  50
  51 /*
  52  *                      P I N G . C
  53  *
  54  * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
  55  * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
  56  *
  57  * Author -
  58  *      Mike Muuss
  59  *      U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
  60  *      December, 1983
  61  *
  62  * Status -
  63  *      Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
  64  * Bugs -
  65  *      More statistics could always be gathered.
  66  *      This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
  67  */
  68
  69 #include <sys/param.h>          /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
  70
  71 #include <ctype.h>
  72 #include <err.h>
  73 #include <errno.h>
  74 #include <math.h>
  75 #include <netdb.h>
  76 #include <signal.h>
  77 #include <stdio.h>
  78 #include <stdlib.h>
  79 #include <string.h>
  80 #include <sysexits.h>
  81 #include <termios.h>
  82 #include <unistd.h>
  83
  84 #include <sys/socket.h>
  85 #include <sys/time.h>
  86 #include <sys/uio.h>
  87
  88 #include <netinet/in.h>
  89 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
  90 #include <netinet/ip.h>
  91 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
  92 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
  93 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  94
  95 #ifdef IPSEC
  96 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
  97 #endif /*IPSEC*/
  98
  99 #define INADDR_LEN      ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
 100 #define PHDR_LEN        ((int)sizeof(struct timeval))
 101 #define DEFDATALEN      (64 - PHDR_LEN) /* default data length */
 102 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF   20000           /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
 103                                         /* runs out of buffer space */
 104 #define MAXIPLEN        (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
 105 #define MAXICMPLEN      (ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
 106 #define MINICMPLEN      ICMP_MINLEN
 107 #define MAXPAYLOAD      (IP_MAXPACKET - MAXIPLEN - MINICMPLEN)
 108 #define MAXWAIT         10              /* max seconds to wait for response */
 109 #define MAXALARM        (60 * 60)       /* max seconds for alarm timeout */
 110
 111 #define A(bit)          rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]      /* identify byte in array */
 112 #define B(bit)          (1 << ((bit) & 0x07))   /* identify bit in byte */
 113 #define SET(bit)        (A(bit) |= B(bit))
 114 #define CLR(bit)        (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
 115 #define TST(bit)        (A(bit) & B(bit))
 116
 117 /* various options */
 118 int options;
 119 #define F_FLOOD         0x0001
 120 #define F_INTERVAL      0x0002
 121 #define F_NUMERIC       0x0004
 122 #define F_PINGFILLED    0x0008
 123 #define F_QUIET         0x0010
 124 #define F_RROUTE        0x0020
 125 #define F_SO_DEBUG      0x0040
 126 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE  0x0080
 127 #define F_VERBOSE       0x0100
 128 #define F_QUIET2        0x0200
 129 #define F_NOLOOP        0x0400
 130 #define F_MTTL          0x0800
 131 #define F_MIF           0x1000
 132 #define F_AUDIBLE       0x2000
 133 #ifdef IPSEC
 134 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 135 #define F_POLICY        0x4000
 136 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 137 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 138 #define F_TTL           0x8000
 139 #define F_MISSED        0x10000
 140
 141 /*
 142  * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
 143  * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
 144  * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
 145  */
 146 #define MAX_DUP_CHK     (8 * 128)
 147 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
 148 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
 149
 150 struct sockaddr_in whereto;     /* who to ping */
 151 int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
 152 int s;                          /* socket file descriptor */
 153 u_char outpack[MINICMPLEN + MAXPAYLOAD];
 154 char BSPACE = '\b';             /* characters written for flood */
 155 char BBELL = '\a';              /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
 156 char DOT = '.';
 157 char *hostname;
 158 char *shostname;
 159 int ident;                      /* process id to identify our packets */
 160 int uid;                        /* cached uid for micro-optimization */
 161
 162 /* counters */
 163 long npackets;                  /* max packets to transmit */
 164 long nreceived;                 /* # of packets we got back */
 165 long nrepeats;                  /* number of duplicates */
 166 long ntransmitted;              /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
 167 long nmissedmax;                /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
 168 int interval = 1000;            /* interval between packets, ms */
 169
 170 /* timing */
 171 int timing;                     /* flag to do timing */
 172 double tmin = 999999999.0;      /* minimum round trip time */
 173 double tmax = 0.0;              /* maximum round trip time */
 174 double tsum = 0.0;              /* sum of all times, for doing average */
 175 double tsumsq = 0.0;            /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
 176
 177 volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;  /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
 178 int reset_kerninfo;
 179 volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
 180
 181 static void fill(char *, char *);
 182 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int);
 183 static void check_status(void);
 184 static void finish(void) __dead2;
 185 static void pinger(void);
 186 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
 187 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *);
 188 static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
 189 static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
 190 static void pr_retip(struct ip *);
 191 static void status(int);
 192 static void stopit(int);
 193 static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
 194 static void usage(void) __dead2;
 195
 196 int
 197 main(argc, argv)
 198         int argc;
 199         char *const *argv;
 200 {
 201         struct in_addr ifaddr;
 202         struct iovec iov;
 203         struct msghdr msg;
 204         struct sigaction si_sa;
 205         struct sockaddr_in from, sin;
 206         struct termios ts;
 207         struct timeval last, intvl;
 208         struct hostent *hp;
 209         struct sockaddr_in *to;
 210         double t;
 211         u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET];
 212         char *ep, *source, *target;
 213 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 214         char *policy_in, *policy_out;
 215 #endif
 216         u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp;
 217         int ch, hold, i, packlen, preload, sockerrno, almost_done = 0, ttl;
 218         char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
 219         char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
 220 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 221         char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];      /* record route space */
 222 #endif
 223         unsigned char mttl, loop;
 224
 225         source = NULL;
 226 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 227         policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
 228 #endif
 229
 230         /*
 231          * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
 232          * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
 233          * after arg parsing.
 234          */
 235         s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
 236         sockerrno = errno;
 237
 238         setuid(getuid());
 239         uid = getuid();
 240
 241         alarmtimeout = preload = 0;
 242
 243         datap = &outpack[MINICMPLEN + PHDR_LEN];
 244         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
 245                 "AI:LQRS:T:c:adfi:l:m:np:qrs:t:v"
 246 #ifdef IPSEC
 247 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 248                 "P:"
 249 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 250 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 251                 )) != -1)
 252         {
 253                 switch(ch) {
 254                 case 'A':
 255                         options |= F_MISSED;
 256                         break;
 257                 case 'a':
 258                         options |= F_AUDIBLE;
 259                         break;
 260                 case 'c':
 261                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 262                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp)
 263                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 264                                     "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
 265                                     optarg);
 266                         npackets = ultmp;
 267                         break;
 268                 case 'd':
 269                         options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
 270                         break;
 271                 case 'f':
 272                         if (uid) {
 273                                 errno = EPERM;
 274                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
 275                         }
 276                         options |= F_FLOOD;
 277                         setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
 278                         break;
 279                 case 'i':               /* wait between sending packets */
 280                         t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
 281                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
 282                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
 283                                     optarg);
 284                         options |= F_INTERVAL;
 285                         interval = (int)t;
 286                         if (uid && interval < 1000) {
 287                                 errno = EPERM;
 288                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
 289                         }
 290                         break;
 291                 case 'I':               /* multicast interface */
 292                         if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
 293                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 294                                     "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
 295                                     optarg);
 296                         options |= F_MIF;
 297                         break;
 298                 case 'l':
 299                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 300                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX)
 301                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 302                                     "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
 303                         if (uid) {
 304                                 errno = EPERM;
 305                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
 306                         }
 307                         preload = ultmp;
 308                         break;
 309                 case 'L':
 310                         options |= F_NOLOOP;
 311                         loop = 0;
 312                         break;
 313                 case 'm':               /* TTL */
 314                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 315                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > 255)
 316                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
 317                         ttl = ultmp;
 318                         options |= F_TTL;
 319                         break;
 320                 case 'n':
 321                         options |= F_NUMERIC;
 322                         break;
 323                 case 'p':               /* fill buffer with user pattern */
 324                         options |= F_PINGFILLED;
 325                         fill((char *)datap, optarg);
 326                                 break;
 327                 case 'Q':
 328                         options |= F_QUIET2;
 329                         break;
 330                 case 'q':
 331                         options |= F_QUIET;
 332                         break;
 333                 case 'R':
 334                         options |= F_RROUTE;
 335                         break;
 336                 case 'r':
 337                         options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
 338                         break;
 339                 case 's':               /* size of packet to send */
 340                         if (uid) {
 341                                 errno = EPERM;
 342                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-s flag");
 343                         }
 344                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 345                         if (ultmp > MAXPAYLOAD)
 346                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 347                                     "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
 348                                     ultmp, MAXPAYLOAD);
 349                         if (*ep || ep == optarg)
 350                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 351                                     optarg);
 352                         datalen = ultmp;
 353                         break;
 354                 case 'S':
 355                         source = optarg;
 356                         break;
 357                 case 't':
 358                         alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 359                         if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
 360                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
 361                                     optarg);
 362                         if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
 363                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
 364                                     optarg, MAXALARM);
 365                         alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
 366                         break;
 367                 case 'T':               /* multicast TTL */
 368                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 369                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > 255)
 370                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
 371                                     optarg);
 372                         mttl = ultmp;
 373                         options |= F_MTTL;
 374                         break;
 375                 case 'v':
 376                         options |= F_VERBOSE;
 377                         break;
 378 #ifdef IPSEC
 379 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 380                 case 'P':
 381                         options |= F_POLICY;
 382                         if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
 383                                 policy_in = strdup(optarg);
 384                         else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
 385                                 policy_out = strdup(optarg);
 386                         else
 387                                 errx(1, "invalid security policy");
 388                         break;
 389 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 390 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 391                 default:
 392                         usage();
 393                 }
 394         }
 395
 396         if (argc - optind != 1)
 397                 usage();
 398         target = argv[optind];
 399
 400         if (source) {
 401                 bzero((char *)&sin, sizeof(sin));
 402                 sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
 403                 if (inet_aton(source, &sin.sin_addr) != 0) {
 404                         shostname = source;
 405                 } else {
 406                         hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET);
 407                         if (!hp)
 408                                 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 409                                     source, hstrerror(h_errno));
 410
 411                         sin.sin_len = sizeof sin;
 412                         if (hp->h_length > sizeof(sin.sin_addr) ||
 413                             hp->h_length < 0)
 414                                 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
 415                         memcpy(&sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
 416                             sizeof(sin.sin_addr));
 417                         (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
 418                             sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
 419                         snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 420                         shostname = snamebuf;
 421                 }
 422                 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof sin) == -1)
 423                         err(1, "bind");
 424         }
 425
 426         bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
 427         to = &whereto;
 428         to->sin_family = AF_INET;
 429         to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
 430         if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
 431                 hostname = target;
 432         } else {
 433                 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET);
 434                 if (!hp)
 435                         errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 436                             target, hstrerror(h_errno));
 437
 438                 if (hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
 439                         errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
 440                 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
 441                 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
 442                 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 443                 hostname = hnamebuf;
 444         }
 445
 446         if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
 447                 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
 448
 449         if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 450                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 451                     "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
 452         if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
 453             && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 454                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 455                     "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
 456
 457         if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN)        /* can we time transfer */
 458                 timing = 1;
 459         packlen = MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN + datalen;
 460         packlen = packlen > IP_MAXPACKET ? IP_MAXPACKET : packlen;
 461
 462         if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
 463                 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
 464                         *datap++ = i;
 465
 466         ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
 467
 468         if (s < 0) {
 469                 errno = sockerrno;
 470                 err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
 471         }
 472         hold = 1;
 473         if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
 474                 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
 475                     sizeof(hold));
 476         if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
 477                 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
 478                     sizeof(hold));
 479 #ifdef IPSEC
 480 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 481         if (options & F_POLICY) {
 482                 char *buf;
 483                 if (policy_in != NULL) {
 484                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
 485                         if (buf == NULL)
 486                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 487                         if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 488                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 489                                 err(EX_CONFIG,
 490                                     "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 491                         free(buf);
 492                 }
 493
 494                 if (policy_out != NULL) {
 495                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
 496                         if (buf == NULL)
 497                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 498                         if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 499                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 500                                 err(EX_CONFIG,
 501                                     "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 502                         free(buf);
 503                 }
 504         }
 505 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 506 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 507
 508         /* record route option */
 509         if (options & F_RROUTE) {
 510 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 511                 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
 512                 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
 513                 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
 514                 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
 515                 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
 516                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
 517                     sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
 518                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
 519 #else
 520                 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
 521                     "record route not available in this implementation");
 522 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
 523         }
 524
 525         if (options & F_TTL) {
 526                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
 527                     sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
 528                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
 529                 }
 530         }
 531         if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
 532                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
 533                     sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
 534                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
 535                 }
 536         }
 537         if (options & F_MTTL) {
 538                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
 539                     sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
 540                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
 541                 }
 542         }
 543         if (options & F_MIF) {
 544                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
 545                     sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
 546                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
 547                 }
 548         }
 549 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 550         { int on = 1;
 551         if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
 552                 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
 553         }
 554 #endif
 555
 556         /*
 557          * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
 558          * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
 559          * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
 560          * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
 561          * or multicast pings if they wish.
 562          */
 563
 564         /*
 565          * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
 566          * as well.
 567          */
 568         hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
 569         (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
 570             sizeof(hold));
 571
 572         if (!uid) {
 573                 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
 574                     sizeof(hold));
 575         }
 576
 577         if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
 578                 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
 579                     inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
 580                 if (source)
 581                         (void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
 582                 (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
 583         } else
 584                 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
 585
 586         /*
 587          * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
 588          * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
 589          */
 590
 591         sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
 592         si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
 593
 594         si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 595         if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 596                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
 597         }
 598
 599         si_sa.sa_handler = status;
 600         if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 601                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
 602         }
 603
 604         if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
 605                 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 606                 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
 607                         err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
 608         }
 609
 610         bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
 611         msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
 612         msg.msg_iov = &iov;
 613         msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
 614 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 615         msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
 616 #endif
 617         iov.iov_base = packet;
 618         iov.iov_len = packlen;
 619
 620         if (tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
 621                 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO);
 622                 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO;
 623                 tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
 624         }
 625
 626         if (preload == 0)
 627                 pinger();               /* send the first ping */
 628         else {
 629                 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
 630                         preload = npackets;
 631                 while (preload--)       /* fire off them quickies */
 632                         pinger();
 633         }
 634         (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
 635
 636         if (options & F_FLOOD) {
 637                 intvl.tv_sec = 0;
 638                 intvl.tv_usec = 10000;
 639         } else {
 640                 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
 641                 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000;
 642         }
 643
 644         while (!finish_up) {
 645                 int cc;
 646                 int n;
 647                 struct timeval timeout, now;
 648                 fd_set rfds;
 649
 650                 check_status();
 651                 if (s >= FD_SETSIZE)
 652                         errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
 653                 FD_ZERO(&rfds);
 654                 FD_SET(s, &rfds);
 655                 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
 656                 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
 657                 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec;
 658                 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) {
 659                         timeout.tv_usec += 1000000;
 660                         timeout.tv_sec--;
 661                 }
 662                 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
 663                         timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000;
 664                         timeout.tv_sec++;
 665                 }
 666                 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
 667                         timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0;
 668                 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
 669                 if (n < 0)
 670                         continue;       /* Must be EINTR. */
 671                 if (n == 1) {
 672                         struct timeval *t = 0;
 673 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 674                         struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl;
 675
 676                         msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
 677 #endif
 678                         msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
 679                         if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
 680                                 if (errno == EINTR)
 681                                         continue;
 682                                 warn("recvmsg");
 683                                 continue;
 684                         }
 685 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 686                         if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
 687                             cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
 688                             cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *t)) {
 689                                 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
 690                                 memcpy(&now,CMSG_DATA(cmsg),sizeof(now));
 691                                 t = &now;
 692                         }
 693 #endif
 694                         if (t == 0) {
 695                                 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
 696                                 t = &now;
 697                         }
 698                         pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, t);
 699                         if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)
 700                                 break;
 701                 }
 702                 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
 703                         if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
 704                                 pinger();
 705                         else {
 706                                 if (almost_done)
 707                                         break;
 708                                 almost_done = 1;
 709                                 intvl.tv_usec = 0;
 710                                 if (nreceived) {
 711                                         intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
 712                                         if (!intvl.tv_sec)
 713                                                 intvl.tv_sec = 1;
 714                                 } else
 715                                         intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT;
 716                         }
 717                         (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
 718
 719                         if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
 720                                 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
 721                                 if (options & F_MISSED)
 722                                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
 723                         }
 724                 }
 725         }
 726         finish();
 727         /* NOTREACHED */
 728         exit(0);        /* Make the compiler happy */
 729 }
 730
 731 /*
 732  * stopit --
 733  *      Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
 734  * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
 735  * to be called from a signal handler.
 736  */
 737 void
 738 stopit(sig)
 739         int sig __unused;
 740 {
 741
 742         finish_up = 1;
 743 }
 744
 745 /*
 746  * pinger --
 747  *      Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
 748  * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
 749  * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first PHDR_LEN
 750  * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in
 751  * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
 752  */
 753 static void
 754 pinger(void)
 755 {
 756         struct icmp *icp;
 757         int cc, i;
 758
 759         icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
 760         icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
 761         icp->icmp_code = 0;
 762         icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
 763         icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted;
 764         icp->icmp_id = ident;                   /* ID */
 765
 766         CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
 767
 768         if (timing)
 769                 (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[MINICMPLEN],
 770                     (struct timezone *)NULL);
 771
 772         cc = MINICMPLEN + datalen;
 773
 774         /* compute ICMP checksum here */
 775         icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
 776
 777         i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
 778             sizeof(whereto));
 779
 780         if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
 781                 if (i < 0) {
 782                         if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
 783                                 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
 784                                 return;
 785                         }
 786                         warn("sendto");
 787                 } else {
 788                         warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
 789                              hostname, i, cc);
 790                 }
 791         }
 792         ntransmitted++;
 793         if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
 794                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
 795 }
 796
 797 /*
 798  * pr_pack --
 799  *      Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
 800  * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
 801  * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
 802  * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
 803  */
 804 static void
 805 pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv)
 806         char *buf;
 807         int cc;
 808         struct sockaddr_in *from;
 809         struct timeval *tv;
 810 {
 811         struct icmp *icp;
 812         struct ip *ip;
 813         struct in_addr ina;
 814         struct timeval *tp;
 815         u_char *cp, *dp;
 816         double triptime;
 817         int dupflag, hlen, i, j;
 818         static int old_rrlen;
 819         static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
 820
 821         /* Check the IP header */
 822         ip = (struct ip *)buf;
 823         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
 824         if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
 825                 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
 826                         warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
 827                              inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
 828                 return;
 829         }
 830
 831         /* Now the ICMP part */
 832         cc -= hlen;
 833         icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
 834         if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
 835                 if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
 836                         return;                 /* 'Twas not our ECHO */
 837                 ++nreceived;
 838                 triptime = 0.0;
 839                 if (timing) {
 840                         struct timeval tv1;
 841 #ifndef icmp_data
 842                         tp = (struct timeval *)&icp->icmp_ip;
 843 #else
 844                         tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data;
 845 #endif
 846                         /* Avoid unaligned data: */
 847                         memcpy(&tv1,tp,sizeof(tv1));
 848                         tvsub(tv, &tv1);
 849                         triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
 850                             ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
 851                         tsum += triptime;
 852                         tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
 853                         if (triptime < tmin)
 854                                 tmin = triptime;
 855                         if (triptime > tmax)
 856                                 tmax = triptime;
 857                 }
 858
 859                 if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
 860                         ++nrepeats;
 861                         --nreceived;
 862                         dupflag = 1;
 863                 } else {
 864                         SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
 865                         dupflag = 0;
 866                 }
 867
 868                 if (options & F_QUIET)
 869                         return;
 870
 871                 if (options & F_FLOOD)
 872                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
 873                 else {
 874                         (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
 875                            inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
 876                            icp->icmp_seq);
 877                         (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
 878                         if (timing)
 879                                 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
 880                         if (dupflag)
 881                                 (void)printf(" (DUP!)");
 882                         if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
 883                                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
 884                         /* check the data */
 885                         cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN];
 886                         dp = &outpack[MINICMPLEN + PHDR_LEN];
 887                         for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) {
 888                                 if (*cp != *dp) {
 889         (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
 890             i, *dp, *cp);
 891                                         (void)printf("\ncp:");
 892                                         cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
 893                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
 894                                                 if ((i % 32) == 8)
 895                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
 896                                                 (void)printf("%x ", *cp);
 897                                         }
 898                                         (void)printf("\ndp:");
 899                                         cp = &outpack[MINICMPLEN];
 900                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
 901                                                 if ((i % 32) == 8)
 902                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
 903                                                 (void)printf("%x ", *cp);
 904                                         }
 905                                         break;
 906                                 }
 907                         }
 908                 }
 909         } else {
 910                 /*
 911                  * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
 912                  * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
 913                  * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
 914                  * and ICMP type and ID.
 915                  *
 916                  * Only print all the error messages if we are running
 917                  * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
 918                  * available to those not running as root.
 919                  */
 920 #ifndef icmp_data
 921                 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip;
 922 #else
 923                 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data;
 924 #endif
 925                 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1);
 926
 927                 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
 928                     (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
 929                      (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
 930                      (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
 931                      (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
 932                      (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) {
 933                     (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
 934                         pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
 935                     pr_icmph(icp);
 936                 } else
 937                     return;
 938         }
 939
 940         /* Display any IP options */
 941         cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
 942
 943         for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
 944                 switch (*cp) {
 945                 case IPOPT_EOL:
 946                         hlen = 0;
 947                         break;
 948                 case IPOPT_LSRR:
 949                         (void)printf("\nLSRR: ");
 950                         j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
 951                         hlen -= 2;
 952                         cp += 2;
 953                         if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
 954                             j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
 955                                 for (;;) {
 956                                         bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
 957                                         if (ina.s_addr == 0)
 958                                                 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
 959                                         else
 960                                                 (void)printf("\t%s",
 961                                                      pr_addr(ina));
 962                                         hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
 963                                         cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
 964                                         j -= INADDR_LEN;
 965                                         if (j < INADDR_LEN)
 966                                                 break;
 967                                         (void)putchar('\n');
 968                                 }
 969                         } else
 970                                 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
 971                         break;
 972                 case IPOPT_RR:
 973                         j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];             /* get length */
 974                         i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];           /* and pointer */
 975                         hlen -= 2;
 976                         cp += 2;
 977                         if (i > j)
 978                                 i = j;
 979                         i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
 980                         if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
 981                                 old_rrlen = 0;
 982                                 continue;
 983                         }
 984                         if (i == old_rrlen
 985                             && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
 986                             && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
 987                                 (void)printf("\t(same route)");
 988                                 hlen -= i;
 989                                 cp += i;
 990                                 break;
 991                         }
 992                         old_rrlen = i;
 993                         bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
 994
 995                         (void)printf("\nRR: ");
 996
 997                         if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
 998                             i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
 999                                 for (;;) {
1000                                         bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1001                                         if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1002                                                 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1003                                         else
1004                                                 (void)printf("\t%s",
1005                                                      pr_addr(ina));
1006                                         hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1007                                         cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1008                                         i -= INADDR_LEN;
1009                                         if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1010                                                 break;
1011                                         (void)putchar('\n');
1012                                 }
1013                         } else
1014                                 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1015                         break;
1016                 case IPOPT_NOP:
1017                         (void)printf("\nNOP");
1018                         break;
1019                 default:
1020                         (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1021                         break;
1022                 }
1023         if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1024                 (void)putchar('\n');
1025                 (void)fflush(stdout);
1026         }
1027 }
1028
1029 /*
1030  * in_cksum --
1031  *      Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
1032  */
1033 u_short
1034 in_cksum(addr, len)
1035         u_short *addr;
1036         int len;
1037 {
1038         int nleft, sum;
1039         u_short *w;
1040         union {
1041                 u_short us;
1042                 u_char  uc[2];
1043         } last;
1044         u_short answer;
1045
1046         nleft = len;
1047         sum = 0;
1048         w = addr;
1049
1050         /*
1051          * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
1052          * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
1053          * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
1054          */
1055         while (nleft > 1)  {
1056                 sum += *w++;
1057                 nleft -= 2;
1058         }
1059
1060         /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1061         if (nleft == 1) {
1062                 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w;
1063                 last.uc[1] = 0;
1064                 sum += last.us;
1065         }
1066
1067         /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
1068         sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);     /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1069         sum += (sum >> 16);                     /* add carry */
1070         answer = ~sum;                          /* truncate to 16 bits */
1071         return(answer);
1072 }
1073
1074 /*
1075  * tvsub --
1076  *      Subtract 2 timeval structs:  out = out - in.  Out is assumed to
1077  * be >= in.
1078  */
1079 static void
1080 tvsub(out, in)
1081         struct timeval *out, *in;
1082 {
1083
1084         if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
1085                 --out->tv_sec;
1086                 out->tv_usec += 1000000;
1087         }
1088         out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
1089 }
1090
1091 /*
1092  * status --
1093  *      Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1094  */
1095
1096 static void
1097 status(sig)
1098         int sig __unused;
1099 {
1100
1101         siginfo_p = 1;
1102 }
1103
1104 static void
1105 check_status()
1106 {
1107
1108         if (siginfo_p) {
1109                 siginfo_p = 0;
1110                 (void)fprintf(stderr,
1111         "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%) %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max\n",
1112                     nreceived, ntransmitted,
1113                     ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0,
1114                     nreceived ? tmin : 0.0,
1115                     nreceived + nrepeats ? tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats) : tsum,
1116                     tmax);
1117         }
1118 }
1119
1120 /*
1121  * finish --
1122  *      Print out statistics, and give up.
1123  */
1124 static void
1125 finish()
1126 {
1127
1128         struct termios ts;
1129
1130         (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1131         (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1132         (void)putchar('\n');
1133         (void)fflush(stdout);
1134         (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1135         (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1136         (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1137         if (nrepeats)
1138                 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1139         if (ntransmitted) {
1140                 if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1141                         (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1142                 else
1143                         (void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
1144                             (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
1145                             ntransmitted));
1146         }
1147         (void)putchar('\n');
1148         if (nreceived && timing) {
1149                 double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1150                 double avg = tsum / n;
1151                 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1152                 (void)printf(
1153                     "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1154                     tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1155         }
1156         if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
1157                 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO;
1158                 tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
1159         }
1160
1161         if (nreceived)
1162                 exit(0);
1163         else
1164                 exit(2);
1165 }
1166
1167 #ifdef notdef
1168 static char *ttab[] = {
1169         "Echo Reply",           /* ip + seq + udata */
1170         "Dest Unreachable",     /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1171         "Source Quench",        /* IP */
1172         "Redirect",             /* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1173         "Echo",
1174         "Time Exceeded",        /* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1175         "Parameter Problem",    /* pointer + IP */
1176         "Timestamp",            /* id + seq + three timestamps */
1177         "Timestamp Reply",      /* " */
1178         "Info Request",         /* id + sq */
1179         "Info Reply"            /* " */
1180 };
1181 #endif
1182
1183 /*
1184  * pr_icmph --
1185  *      Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1186  */
1187 static void
1188 pr_icmph(icp)
1189         struct icmp *icp;
1190 {
1191
1192         switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1193         case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1194                 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1195                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1196                 break;
1197         case ICMP_UNREACH:
1198                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1199                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1200                         (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1201                         break;
1202                 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1203                         (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1204                         break;
1205                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1206                         (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1207                         break;
1208                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1209                         (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1210                         break;
1211                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1212                         (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1213                                         ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1214                         break;
1215                 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1216                         (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1217                         break;
1218                 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1219                         (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1220                         break;
1221                 default:
1222                         (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1223                             icp->icmp_code);
1224                         break;
1225                 }
1226                 /* Print returned IP header information */
1227 #ifndef icmp_data
1228                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1229 #else
1230                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1231 #endif
1232                 break;
1233         case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1234                 (void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1235 #ifndef icmp_data
1236                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1237 #else
1238                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1239 #endif
1240                 break;
1241         case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1242                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1243                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1244                         (void)printf("Redirect Network");
1245                         break;
1246                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1247                         (void)printf("Redirect Host");
1248                         break;
1249                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1250                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1251                         break;
1252                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1253                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1254                         break;
1255                 default:
1256                         (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1257                         break;
1258                 }
1259                 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1260 #ifndef icmp_data
1261                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1262 #else
1263                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1264 #endif
1265                 break;
1266         case ICMP_ECHO:
1267                 (void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1268                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1269                 break;
1270         case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1271                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1272                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1273                         (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1274                         break;
1275                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1276                         (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1277                         break;
1278                 default:
1279                         (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1280                             icp->icmp_code);
1281                         break;
1282                 }
1283 #ifndef icmp_data
1284                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1285 #else
1286                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1287 #endif
1288                 break;
1289         case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1290                 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1291                     icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1292 #ifndef icmp_data
1293                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1294 #else
1295                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1296 #endif
1297                 break;
1298         case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1299                 (void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1300                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1301                 break;
1302         case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1303                 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1304                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1305                 break;
1306         case ICMP_IREQ:
1307                 (void)printf("Information Request\n");
1308                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1309                 break;
1310         case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1311                 (void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1312                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1313                 break;
1314         case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1315                 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1316                 break;
1317         case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1318                 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1319                 break;
1320         case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1321                 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1322                 break;
1323         case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1324                 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1325                 break;
1326         default:
1327                 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1328         }
1329 }
1330
1331 /*
1332  * pr_iph --
1333  *      Print an IP header with options.
1334  */
1335 static void
1336 pr_iph(ip)
1337         struct ip *ip;
1338 {
1339         u_char *cp;
1340         int hlen;
1341
1342         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1343         cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;         /* point to options */
1344
1345         (void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1346         (void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1347             ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1348             ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1349         (void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1350             (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1351             (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1352         (void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1353                                                             ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1354         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
1355         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
1356         /* dump any option bytes */
1357         while (hlen-- > 20) {
1358                 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1359         }
1360         (void)putchar('\n');
1361 }
1362
1363 /*
1364  * pr_addr --
1365  *      Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1366  * a hostname.
1367  */
1368 static char *
1369 pr_addr(ina)
1370         struct in_addr ina;
1371 {
1372         struct hostent *hp;
1373         static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1374
1375         if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
1376             !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET)))
1377                 return inet_ntoa(ina);
1378         else
1379                 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1380                     inet_ntoa(ina));
1381         return(buf);
1382 }
1383
1384 /*
1385  * pr_retip --
1386  *      Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1387  */
1388 static void
1389 pr_retip(ip)
1390         struct ip *ip;
1391 {
1392         u_char *cp;
1393         int hlen;
1394
1395         pr_iph(ip);
1396         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1397         cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
1398
1399         if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1400                 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1401                     (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1402         else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1403                 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1404                         (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1405 }
1406
1407 static void
1408 fill(bp, patp)
1409         char *bp, *patp;
1410 {
1411         char *cp;
1412         int pat[16];
1413         u_int ii, jj, kk;
1414
1415         for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1416                 if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1417                         errx(EX_USAGE,
1418                             "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1419
1420         }
1421         ii = sscanf(patp,
1422             "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1423             &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1424             &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1425             &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1426
1427         if (ii > 0)
1428                 for (kk = 0; kk <= MAXPAYLOAD - (PHDR_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1429                         for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1430                                 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1431         if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1432                 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1433                 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1434                         (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1435                 (void)printf("\n");
1436         }
1437 }
1438
1439 static void
1440 usage()
1441 {
1442         (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1443 "usage: ping [-AQRadfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-m ttl]",
1444 "            [-p pattern] "
1445 #ifdef IPSEC
1446 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
1447 "[-P policy] "
1448 #endif
1449 #endif
1450 "[-s packetsize] [-S src_addr] [-t timeout]",
1451 "            [host | [-L] [-I iface] [-T ttl] mcast-group]");
1452         exit(EX_USAGE);
1453 }