1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4 # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
5 # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
6 # COMNAP - Stations and Bases
7 # http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/
9 # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
10 # http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm
12 # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
14 # Except for the French entries,
15 # I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
16 # FORMAT is 'zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
18 # These rules are stolen from the 'southamerica' file.
19 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
20 Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
21 Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
22 Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
23 Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
24 Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
25 Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
26 Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
27 Rule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
28 Rule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
29 Rule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
30 Rule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
31 Rule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
32 Rule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
33 Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
34 Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
35 Rule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
36 Rule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
37 Rule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
38 Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
39 Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
40 Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
41 Rule ChileAQ 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
42 Rule ChileAQ 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
43 # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
44 # which is used below in specifying the transition.
45 Rule ChileAQ 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
46 Rule ChileAQ 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
47 Rule ChileAQ 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 -
48 Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 -
49 Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S
50 Rule ChileAQ 2012 2015 - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 -
51 Rule ChileAQ 2012 2014 - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S
53 # Argentina - year-round bases
54 # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
55 # Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
56 # Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
57 # Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
58 # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
59 # San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21
60 # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
62 # Australia - territories
63 # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
64 # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
65 # Margaret Turner reports
66 # http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html
67 # (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
68 # presumably this is when they have visitors.
71 # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
72 # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
73 # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
74 # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
76 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11):
77 # Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone:
78 # Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11
79 # Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5
80 # Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5
81 # The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times).
83 # Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division)
84 # http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079
86 # We have more background information here:
87 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html
89 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10):
90 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ...
92 # - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010.
93 # The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but
94 # has not been decided yet.
96 # - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010
99 # - Mawson station stays on UTC+5.
102 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html
104 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
105 Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969
106 8:00 - AWST 2009 Oct 18 2:00
107 # Australian Western Std Time
108 11:00 - CAST 2010 Mar 5 2:00 # Casey Time
109 8:00 - AWST 2011 Oct 28 2:00
110 11:00 - CAST 2012 Feb 21 17:00u
112 Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13
113 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
115 7:00 - DAVT 2009 Oct 18 2:00
116 5:00 - DAVT 2010 Mar 10 20:00u
117 7:00 - DAVT 2011 Oct 28 2:00
118 5:00 - DAVT 2012 Feb 21 20:00u
120 Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13
121 6:00 - MAWT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 # Mawson Time
124 # Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
125 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html
126 # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
127 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html
128 # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
129 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html
131 # Belgium - year-round base
132 # Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007
134 # Brazil - year-round base
135 # Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4
137 # Bulgaria - year-round base
138 # St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988
140 # Chile - year-round bases and towns
141 # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
142 # Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07
143 # O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
145 # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09
146 # These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'.
148 # China - year-round bases
149 # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20
150 # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26
152 # France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy")
154 # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
155 # Time data entries are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
156 # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
157 # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adélie bases
158 # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adélie supplies came
161 # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
163 # Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964;
164 # sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+;
165 # see Indian/Reunion.
167 # Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
168 # Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
169 # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
171 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
172 # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
174 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
175 Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Français
176 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
178 # year-round base in the main continent
179 # Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
180 # <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05)
182 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
183 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
185 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
186 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947
187 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
189 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
191 # France & Italy - year-round base
192 # Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005
194 # Germany - year-round base
195 # Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009
197 # India - year-round bases
198 # Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012
199 # Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989
201 # Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy")
202 # Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986
204 # Japan - year-round bases
205 # Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957
207 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
208 # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
210 # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
211 # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
212 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
213 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
214 Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29
215 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time
217 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
218 # http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html
220 # S Korea - year-round base
221 # Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014
222 # King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988
224 # New Zealand - claims
225 # Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
226 # Scott Island (never inhabited)
229 # Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01.
230 # See Pacific/Auckland.
232 # Norway - territories
233 # Bouvet (never inhabited)
236 # Peter I Island (never inhabited)
239 # Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12
241 # From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10):
242 # I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com.
243 # In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones:
244 # GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March
245 # GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October
246 # GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7
247 # GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1
248 # The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely
249 # correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates.
251 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21):
252 # The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tzcode 2014b or later, so as
253 # suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate
254 # with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent.
256 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
257 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 CET
258 Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 CEST
259 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 CET
260 #Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 UTC
261 # Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines.
262 Rule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 UTC
263 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
264 Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - zzz 2005 Feb 12
267 # Poland - year-round base
268 # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
270 # Romania - year-bound base
271 # Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986
273 # Russia - year-round bases
274 # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
275 # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
276 # Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551,
277 # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01
278 # Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150,
279 # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
281 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
282 # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15):
283 # http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP
284 # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
285 # time as Moscow, Russia.
287 # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
288 # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
289 # what they had to say about time there:
290 # "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
291 # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
292 # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
293 # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
294 # natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
296 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
297 # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
298 # in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local
299 # time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
300 # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
301 # solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
302 # happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
303 # it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6.
305 Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16
306 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time
308 # S Africa - year-round bases
309 # Marion Island, -4653+03752
310 # SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997
312 # Ukraine - year-round base
313 # Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954
317 # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
318 # South Orkney Islands
319 # scientific station from 1903
320 # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
321 # South Shetland Islands
324 # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
325 # Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931,
326 # scientific station 1943/1967,
327 # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
328 # and a garrison was deployed briefly
329 # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06
330 # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated
331 # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location.
332 # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
334 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22)
335 # <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year.
337 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
338 Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1
339 -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time
341 # Uruguay - year round base
342 # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
344 # USA - year-round bases
346 # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
348 # From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
349 # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
350 # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
351 # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
352 # Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
353 # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
355 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
356 Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965
357 -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
358 -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May
359 -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT 2015 Apr 26 3:00u
363 # McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12
364 # Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
366 # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
367 # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
368 # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
369 # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
370 # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
371 # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
372 # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.)
375 # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
376 # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
377 # We use the same time as McMurdo does.
378 # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
379 # One last quirk about South Pole time.
380 # All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
381 # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
382 # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
383 # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
384 # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
386 # See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo.
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