3 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
6 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
10 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
12 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
13 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
14 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
16 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
17 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
18 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
19 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
20 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
22 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
23 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
25 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
26 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
27 # I found in the UCLA library.
29 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
30 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
32 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
33 # for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
34 # but Mark R V Murray reports that
35 # `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
36 # `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
37 # `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
38 # the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
39 # He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
41 # To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
42 # I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
43 # and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
44 # This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
45 # mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
47 # To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
48 # -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
49 # 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
50 # 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
51 # 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
52 # and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
53 # 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
54 # I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
55 # for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
56 # until we get more information.
58 # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
59 # 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time
60 # 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used)
61 # 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
62 # 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
63 # 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
64 # 3:00 EAT East Africa Time
65 # 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
68 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
69 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
70 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
71 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
72 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
73 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
74 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
75 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
76 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
77 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
78 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
79 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
80 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
81 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
82 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
83 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
84 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
85 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
86 Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
87 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S
88 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
89 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S
90 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
91 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
92 # more precise 0:09:21.
93 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
94 Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
95 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
96 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00
97 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7
98 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29
99 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14
100 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21
101 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26
102 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May
106 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
107 Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
108 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time
112 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
113 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
114 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
115 Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
116 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
120 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
121 Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885
122 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
123 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
127 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
128 Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
132 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
133 Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
137 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
138 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
139 Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
143 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
144 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
146 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15
147 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
150 # Central African Republic
151 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
152 Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
156 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
157 Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912
158 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
159 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
163 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
164 Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
167 # Democratic Republic of Congo
168 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
169 Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
171 Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
174 # Republic of the Congo
175 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
176 Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
180 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
181 Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
185 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
186 Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
189 ###############################################################################
193 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
194 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S
195 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
196 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
197 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
198 Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
199 Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 -
200 Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
201 Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S
202 Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
203 Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
204 Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
205 Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
206 Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
207 Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
208 Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S
209 Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S
210 Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
211 Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S
212 Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
213 # IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
214 # Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
215 Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
216 Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
217 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19):
218 # The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports:
219 # Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday
220 # after observing the daylight saving time since May.
221 # http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf
222 Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 -
223 # From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14):
224 # I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight
225 # saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07.
226 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
227 # http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm
228 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53
229 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...:
230 # http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm
231 Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 -
232 # From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06):
233 # Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter
234 # than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each
235 # year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite
236 # hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by
237 # shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently,
238 # unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008.
239 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
240 # For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August.
242 # From Petr Machata (2009-04-06):
243 # The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited):
245 # > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009
246 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =
248 # > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200
249 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri =
251 # > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800
252 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu =
254 # > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800
255 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu =
257 # > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200
259 # > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59=
261 # > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/
263 # timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that.
265 # [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263">
266 # https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263
268 # [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53">
269 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53
271 # [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/">
272 # http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
275 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20):
276 # In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth
277 # Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday
280 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11):
281 # We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet
282 # Information and Decision Support Center:
283 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html">
284 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html
287 # The Middle East News Agency
288 # <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx">
289 # http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx
291 # also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21"
292 # today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT."
293 # Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service,
294 # and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine
297 Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 -
298 Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 23:00s 0 -
299 Rule Egypt 2010 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
301 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
302 Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct
306 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
307 Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912
308 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15
312 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
313 Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
314 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time
315 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
319 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
320 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones
321 # between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
322 # We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
323 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
324 Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
325 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
329 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
330 Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
334 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
335 Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
336 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time
341 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
342 # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';
343 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
344 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
345 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
346 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
347 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
351 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
352 Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
353 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
358 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
359 Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26
364 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
365 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
372 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
373 Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
374 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00
375 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
379 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
380 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
381 # from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
382 # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
383 # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
384 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
385 # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
386 # Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
387 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
388 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
389 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
390 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time
393 ###############################################################################
397 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
398 Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S
399 Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
400 Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
401 Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
402 Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S
403 Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
404 Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
405 Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
406 Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S
407 Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S
408 Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
409 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
410 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
411 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
412 Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920
413 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959
415 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4
416 # The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger;
417 # the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
418 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30
419 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4
420 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4
424 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
425 Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul
426 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s
427 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s
431 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
432 Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
436 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
437 Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
438 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
439 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20
443 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
444 Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
445 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
446 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28
451 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25):
452 # Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial
454 # It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to
455 # 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful....
456 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html
458 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25):
459 # http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
461 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30):
462 # The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A
463 # final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving
464 # would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight.
466 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
467 # Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger.
469 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10):
471 # <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216">
472 # http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216
474 # (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier
475 # than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start
476 # date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time
477 # given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time).
479 # A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date
480 # to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date,
481 # but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in
482 # USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder
483 # why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which
484 # changes two days later.
486 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11):
487 # Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving
488 # time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally
489 # published on Monday, June 30, 2008...
491 # I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction
492 # de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26
493 # and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.
495 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html">
496 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html
499 # From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03):
500 # The Government of Mauritius weblink
501 # <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD">
502 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
504 # Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows:
506 # 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly
507 # of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in
508 # Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of
509 # the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United
510 # States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the
511 # last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on
512 # the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the
513 # year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
514 # and end on 29 March 2009.
516 # From Ed Maste (2008-10-07):
517 # THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the
518 # beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the
519 # morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March.
520 # <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf">
521 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf
524 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05):
525 # According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe
526 # DST the coming summer...
528 # Some sources, in French:
529 # <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB">
530 # http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB
532 # <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-">
533 # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-
537 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html">
538 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html
541 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11):
542 # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this:
543 # "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour
544 # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..."
546 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
547 Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S
548 Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 -
549 Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
550 Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
551 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
552 Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
553 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time
554 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
555 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
558 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
559 Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
563 # See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
565 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
566 # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
567 # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.
569 # "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will
570 # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to
571 # Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
573 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html">
574 # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
577 # <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html">
578 # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html
581 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
582 # The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse:
583 # <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view">
584 # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view
587 # Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt.
590 # From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09):
591 # According to this article:
592 # <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html">
593 # http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html
595 # (and republished here:
596 # <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html">
597 # http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html
600 # the changes occurs at midnight:
602 # saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be
603 # intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday)
604 # sunday night the 28th at midnight
606 # Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say
607 # the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and
608 # monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive
609 # june1st to sept 27th.
611 # The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree
612 # published on the web.
614 # It's also confirmed here:
615 # <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm">
616 # http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm
618 # on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet
619 # posted in english).
621 # The following google query will generate many relevant hits:
622 # <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search">
623 # http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search
626 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
627 # Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow
628 # Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of
629 # Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named
630 # SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)?
632 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09):
633 # XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now.
635 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27):
636 # Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31
637 # and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end
640 # One article about it (in French):
641 # <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default">
642 # http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default
645 # We have some further details posted here:
646 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html">
647 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html
650 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17):
651 # Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according
652 # to many sources, such as
653 # <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html">
654 # http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html
656 # <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312">
657 # http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312
662 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html">
663 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html
666 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
667 # Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre,
668 # Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics
670 # Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967)
671 # concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of
672 # Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be
673 # advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight.
675 # <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf">
676 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf
679 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html">
680 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html
683 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
685 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S
686 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 -
687 Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S
688 Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 -
689 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S
690 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 -
691 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S
692 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
693 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S
694 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
695 Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
696 Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
697 Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
698 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
699 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
700 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
701 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
702 Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
703 Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 -
704 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
705 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
706 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
710 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan
711 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14
715 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
716 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
720 # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
721 # Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
723 # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in
724 # <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>:
725 # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other
726 # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there
727 # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of
728 # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of
729 # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest
732 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31):
733 # Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but
734 # we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
736 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
737 Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
738 Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
739 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
740 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
741 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
742 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
743 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
744 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
745 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3
749 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
750 Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912
751 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
756 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
757 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
761 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
762 Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
763 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time
765 # Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
766 # The following information about them is taken from
767 # Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
768 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
769 # We have no info about their time zone histories.
771 # Bassas da India - uninhabited
772 # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
773 # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
774 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited
775 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
778 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
779 Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
783 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
784 Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
785 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
787 # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
788 # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
789 # Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
790 # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
791 # on GMT, says the CIA
792 # Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
794 # Sao Tome and Principe
795 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
796 Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
797 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
801 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
802 Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
807 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
808 Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
809 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time
810 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
811 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
812 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
813 # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
814 # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
815 # Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
818 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
819 # Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
820 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
821 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
822 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
823 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT
824 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
825 Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
826 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
831 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
832 Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
838 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
839 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 -
840 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
841 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
842 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
845 # Marion and Prince Edward Is
846 # scientific station since 1947
851 # From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
852 # Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
853 # </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
854 # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
855 # Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
856 # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
858 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
859 Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
860 Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 -
861 Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
862 Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
863 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
864 Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931
865 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00
869 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
870 Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar
874 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
875 Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931
881 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
882 Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
887 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
888 # My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
889 # this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
890 # <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
891 # and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
892 # one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
893 # UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
894 # Saturday." (My translation)
896 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
897 # LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...
898 # <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
899 # ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
902 # From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
903 # The daylight saving time will be the same each year:
904 # Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00
905 # Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...
906 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
908 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16):
909 # According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year.
911 # <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546">
912 # http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546
914 # <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp">
915 # http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp
918 # We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia.
919 # We have a wrap-up about this on the following page:
920 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html">
921 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html
924 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
925 # Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency
927 # Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn):
930 # <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157">
931 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157
935 # <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1">
936 # http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1
939 # From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18):
940 # The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact
941 # that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time.
942 # Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long."
943 # So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future).
945 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27):
946 # According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010
949 # "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on
951 # Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also
952 # coincided with the month of Ramadan..."
955 # <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1">
956 # http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1
957 # <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036">
958 # http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036
960 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html">
961 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html
963 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
964 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
965 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
966 Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S
967 Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 -
968 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S
969 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
970 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S
971 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 -
972 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S
973 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
974 Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
975 Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
976 Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
977 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S
978 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 -
979 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
980 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
981 Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S
982 Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
983 Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S
984 Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
985 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
986 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 -
987 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
988 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
990 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
991 # more precise 0:09:21.
992 # Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
993 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
994 Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
995 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
999 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1000 Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul
1003 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957
1007 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1008 Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar
1012 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1013 Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar
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