1 # @(#)northamerica 7.87
4 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
6 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
10 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
11 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
12 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
14 ###############################################################################
18 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
19 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
20 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
21 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
22 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
23 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
24 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
25 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
26 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
27 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
29 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
30 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
31 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
33 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
34 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
35 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
37 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
38 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US and Puerto Rico entries below.
40 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
41 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
42 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
43 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
44 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
46 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
47 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
48 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
49 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
50 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
51 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
52 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
53 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
54 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
55 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
57 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
58 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
60 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
61 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
62 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
63 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
65 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
66 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
67 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
68 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
70 # From Arthur David Olson:
71 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
72 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
73 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
75 # From Arthur David Olson:
76 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
77 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
79 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
80 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
81 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
82 # An AltaVista search turned up
83 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
84 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
85 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
86 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
88 # From Joseph Gallant citing
89 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
90 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
91 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
92 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
93 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
94 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
95 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
96 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
98 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
99 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
101 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
102 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
103 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
104 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
105 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
108 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
109 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
110 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
111 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
113 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
115 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
116 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
117 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
118 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
119 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
121 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
122 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
123 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
124 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
125 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
126 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
127 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
128 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
129 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
130 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
133 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
134 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
136 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
137 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
138 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
139 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
140 # this time zone package.
141 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
142 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
143 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
144 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
145 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
147 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
150 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
151 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
152 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
153 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
154 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
156 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
157 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
159 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
160 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
161 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
162 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
164 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
165 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
166 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
168 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
169 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
170 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
172 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
173 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
174 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
175 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
176 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
177 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
178 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
179 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
180 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
181 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
182 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
183 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
184 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
185 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
186 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
188 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
189 # The above dates are for 1988.
190 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
191 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
194 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
195 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
196 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
197 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
198 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
200 # United States standard eastern time
201 # United States standard mountain time
202 # United States standard central time
203 # United States standard Pacific time
205 # United States standard Alaska time
207 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
208 # public law 98-181):
209 # Atlantic standard time
210 # eastern standard time
211 # central standard time
212 # mountain standard time
213 # Pacific standard time
214 # Yukon standard time
215 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
216 # Bering standard time
217 # And after 1983-11-30:
218 # Atlantic standard time
219 # eastern standard time
220 # central standard time
221 # mountain standard time
222 # Pacific standard time
223 # Alaska standard time
224 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
225 # Samoa standard time
226 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
228 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
229 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
230 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
231 # See the file "australasia".
233 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
234 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
236 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
237 # (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
238 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
239 # (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
240 # Sunday of March'; and
241 # (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
242 # Sunday of November'.
243 # (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
244 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
245 # (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
246 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
247 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
249 # (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
250 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
251 # Department study is complete.
253 # US eastern time, represented by New York
255 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
256 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
257 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
258 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
259 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
260 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
262 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
263 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
264 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
265 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
266 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
267 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
269 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
270 # According to today's Huntsville Times
271 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
272 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
273 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
274 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
275 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
276 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
279 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
280 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
281 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
282 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
283 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
284 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
285 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
286 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
293 # US central time, represented by Chicago
295 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
296 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
297 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
298 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
299 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
300 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
301 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
302 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
304 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
305 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
306 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
307 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
308 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
309 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
310 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
311 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
312 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
314 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
315 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
316 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
318 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
320 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
321 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
322 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
325 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
327 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
328 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
329 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
330 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
331 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
333 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
334 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
335 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
336 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
337 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
338 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
339 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
340 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
342 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
344 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
347 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
349 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
350 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties),
351 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
353 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
354 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
355 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
356 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
357 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
358 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
359 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
360 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
366 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
368 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
369 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
370 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
371 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
372 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
373 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
374 # the Julian calendar.
376 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
377 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
378 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
379 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
380 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
381 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
383 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
384 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
385 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
389 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
390 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
392 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
393 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
397 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
399 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
400 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
402 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946
403 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
405 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
406 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
408 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
409 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
412 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
414 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
415 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
417 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
418 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
421 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
423 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
424 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
426 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
428 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
429 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
430 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
432 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
433 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
434 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
435 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
436 # possibly until 1983:
438 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
439 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
440 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
441 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
442 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
443 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
444 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
445 # three votes for and one against."
449 # From Arthur David Olson:
450 # And then there's Hawaii.
451 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
452 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
453 # it's always standard as of 1986.
456 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
458 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
459 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
460 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
461 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
464 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
466 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
468 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
470 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
471 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
472 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
473 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
474 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
475 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
476 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
477 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
478 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
479 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
480 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
481 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
482 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
484 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
485 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
487 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
488 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
489 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
490 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
492 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
494 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
495 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
496 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
497 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
498 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
499 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
501 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
503 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
504 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
505 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
506 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
507 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties) and eastern Oregon
508 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
510 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
511 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
512 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
514 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
519 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
520 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
521 # What time is it in Indiana?
524 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-22):
525 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
526 # with the following exceptions:
528 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
529 # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
531 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
533 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
534 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
536 # - Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties have their own time zone
537 # histories as noted below.
539 # Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
540 # and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
541 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
543 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
544 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
545 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
547 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
548 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006,
549 # and that many counties may switch either to Central or to Eastern time.
550 # The county-by-county decisions have not been made yet, so for now assume
551 # that no counties will switch: this assumption is most likely wrong,
552 # but it's the best we can do for now.
554 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
555 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
556 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
557 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
558 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
559 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
561 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
563 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
564 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
565 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
571 # Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975,
572 # and left its clocks alone in 1974.
573 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
574 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
575 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
576 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
577 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
578 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
579 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
581 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
583 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
584 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
589 # Starke County, Indiana
590 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
591 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
592 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
594 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
595 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
596 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
597 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
598 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
599 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
600 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
601 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
603 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
604 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
605 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
609 # Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972.
610 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
611 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
612 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
618 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
619 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
620 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
621 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
622 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
623 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
624 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
625 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
626 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
627 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
628 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
629 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
631 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
633 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
635 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
636 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
639 # Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
642 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
643 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
644 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
645 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
646 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
647 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
648 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
649 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
650 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
651 # location in the Central time zone.
653 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
654 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
655 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
656 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
657 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
659 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
660 # The final rule was published in the
661 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
662 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
665 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
668 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
672 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
673 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
674 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
675 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
676 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
677 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
678 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
679 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
681 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
682 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
683 # so omit that change for now.
684 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
685 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
686 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
687 # 1999-10-31. See the
688 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
689 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
691 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
692 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
693 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
697 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
698 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
700 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
701 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
702 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
705 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
706 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
707 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
708 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
709 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
710 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
713 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
715 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
716 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
717 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
718 # info, so omit this for now.
720 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
721 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
722 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
723 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
724 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
725 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
726 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
727 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
728 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
731 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
733 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
736 # The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
737 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
738 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
739 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
740 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
741 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
742 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
743 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
745 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
746 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
750 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
751 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
752 # also claimed by Haiti
753 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
754 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
755 # currently uninhabited
756 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
757 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
758 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
760 ################################################################################
763 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
764 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
765 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
766 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
768 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
769 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
770 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
771 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
772 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
774 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
775 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
777 # Other sources occasionally used include:
779 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
780 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
781 # which I found in the UCLA library.
783 # <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
784 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
787 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
791 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
792 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
793 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
795 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
796 # offset French English French English
807 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
808 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
810 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
811 # C: du Centre Central
812 # E: de l'Est Eastern
815 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
820 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
821 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
823 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks.
825 # From Paul Eggert (2005-12-21):
826 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
827 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
828 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
829 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
830 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
832 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
833 # href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
834 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
835 # </a> (updated periodically).
836 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
838 # CBC News reported that Ontario and Manitoba have announced plans to
839 # follow the US change, and that Nova Scotia is considering it; see
840 # <http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/daylightsavingtime/> (2005-10-21).
841 # CBC news also reported that Prince Edward Island is the first
842 # province in Atlantic Canada to follow the US change, and that Quebec
843 # had agreed; see <http://www.cbc.ca/pei/story/pe_daylight_20051207.html>
846 # To reflect all this, the Canada and Winn rules have been adjusted to
847 # agree with the 2007 US change. This means we assume most of Canada
848 # will fall into line. However, Alberta, British Columbia,
849 # Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, and Yukon already have separate
850 # rules in our database, so for now we'll leave them alone, which
851 # means that we currently assume these regions will not change their
852 # rules and will disagree with the US starting in 2007. This
853 # assumption is probably incorrect, with the possible exception of
854 # Newfoundland. We plan to adjust the Edm, Vanc, StJohns, and NT_YK
855 # rules as the corresponding provinces make their announcements.
857 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
858 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
859 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
860 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
861 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
862 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
863 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
864 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
865 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
866 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
867 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
870 # Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador)
872 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
873 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
874 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
875 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
876 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
878 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
879 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
880 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
881 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks.
882 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
883 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
884 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks.
885 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
886 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
887 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks.
888 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
889 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
890 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
891 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
892 # but go with Shanks and assume they used Canadian rules.
893 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
894 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks.
895 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
896 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
897 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
898 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
899 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
900 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
901 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
902 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
903 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
904 Rule StJohns 1987 max - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
905 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
906 Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
907 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
908 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
909 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
910 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
911 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
912 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
913 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
914 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
917 # most of east Labrador
919 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
920 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
921 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
923 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
924 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
926 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
927 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
928 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
932 # west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
934 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
935 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax.
936 # Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
937 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
938 # Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
939 # DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
941 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
942 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, New Brunswick switches
943 # at 00:01 local time. FIXME: verify and create a new Zone for this.
946 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
947 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
948 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
949 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
950 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
951 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
952 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
953 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
954 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
955 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
956 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
957 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
958 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
959 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
960 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
961 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
962 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
963 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
964 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
965 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
966 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
967 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
968 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
969 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
970 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
971 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
972 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
973 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
974 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
975 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
976 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
977 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
978 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
979 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
980 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
981 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
982 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
983 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
984 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
985 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
986 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
987 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
988 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
989 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
990 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
991 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
992 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
993 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
994 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
996 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
997 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
998 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1000 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1006 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1007 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like Toronto,
1008 # and most of Quebec has been like Montreal.
1009 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1010 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1011 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1012 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1014 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1015 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1016 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1017 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1018 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1019 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1020 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1021 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1022 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1025 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1027 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1028 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1029 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1030 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1031 # He also writes that the
1032 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
1033 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1035 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1036 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1037 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1038 # For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
1039 # Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
1041 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1042 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1043 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1044 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1045 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1046 # They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to
1047 # observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT,
1048 # and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1049 # We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan,
1050 # but we don't know when their practices started.
1052 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1053 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1054 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1055 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1056 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1057 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1058 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1059 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1060 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1061 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1062 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1063 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1064 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1065 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1066 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1067 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1068 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1069 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1070 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1071 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1072 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1073 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1074 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1075 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1076 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1077 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1078 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1079 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1080 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1082 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1083 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1084 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1085 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1086 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1087 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1088 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1089 # Shanks says 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16" was meant.
1090 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1091 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1092 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1093 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1094 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1095 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1096 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1097 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1098 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1099 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1100 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1101 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1102 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1103 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1104 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1105 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1106 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1107 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1108 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1109 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1110 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1111 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1112 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1113 # Shanks says Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971, namely on 1971-10-24,
1114 # but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that he checked the 1971-10-30 issue
1115 # of the Toronto Star, and it said that DST ended 1971-10-31 as usual.
1116 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1118 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1119 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1120 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1121 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1122 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1124 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1125 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1126 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1127 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1128 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1129 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1130 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1131 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1132 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1133 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1134 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1136 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1137 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1138 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1139 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1140 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1141 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1142 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1144 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1145 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1146 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1147 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1148 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1150 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1153 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1154 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
1157 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1158 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1159 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1161 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
1162 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1163 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1169 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1170 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1171 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1172 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1173 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1174 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1175 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1176 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1177 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1178 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1179 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1180 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1181 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1182 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1183 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1184 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1185 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1186 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1187 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1188 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1189 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1190 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1191 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1192 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1193 Rule Winn 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1194 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1195 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Manitoba switches from
1196 # DST at 03:00 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1197 Rule Winn 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1198 Rule Winn 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D
1199 Rule Winn 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
1200 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1201 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1207 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1208 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1209 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1210 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1211 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1212 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1213 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1214 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1217 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1218 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1219 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1221 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1222 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
1223 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1224 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1225 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1226 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1228 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1229 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1230 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1231 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1232 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1234 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1235 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1236 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1237 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1239 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1240 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1241 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1242 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1243 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1244 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1245 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1247 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1248 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1249 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1250 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1251 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1252 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1254 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1255 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1256 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1257 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1258 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1259 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1260 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1261 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1262 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1263 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1264 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1265 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1266 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1267 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1268 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1269 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1270 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1271 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1273 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1274 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1275 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1276 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1277 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1278 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1279 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1280 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1282 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1283 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1284 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1285 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1291 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1292 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1293 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1294 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1295 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1296 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1297 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1298 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1299 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1300 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1301 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1302 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1303 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1304 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1305 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1306 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1307 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1308 Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1309 Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1310 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1311 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1317 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1318 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
1319 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1320 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1322 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1323 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1324 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1325 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1326 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1327 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1328 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1329 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1330 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1331 Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1332 Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1333 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1334 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1336 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1337 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1338 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1342 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1344 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
1345 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1346 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1347 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1348 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1349 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1350 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1351 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1352 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1353 # Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander.
1355 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1356 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1357 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1358 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1361 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1362 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1363 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1365 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1366 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1367 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1368 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1369 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1370 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1372 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1373 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1374 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1376 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1378 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1379 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1381 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1383 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1385 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1386 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1387 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1388 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1389 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1390 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1391 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1392 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1393 # the current state of affairs.
1395 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1396 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1397 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1398 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1399 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1400 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1401 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1403 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1404 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1405 # for these potential new Zones.
1407 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1408 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1409 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1410 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1411 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1412 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1413 # required to use daylight savings.
1416 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1417 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1418 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1419 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1420 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1421 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1422 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1423 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1424 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1425 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1426 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1427 # unified time zone in 1999.
1429 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1430 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1432 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1433 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1435 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1436 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1437 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1438 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1439 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1440 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1441 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1443 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1445 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1446 # According to maps at
1447 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1448 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1449 # (both dated 2003), and
1450 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1451 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1452 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1453 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1454 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1455 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1456 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1458 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1459 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1460 # daylight saving only during wartime.
1462 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1463 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1464 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1465 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1466 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1467 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1468 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1469 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1470 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1471 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1472 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1473 Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1474 Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1475 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1476 Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
1477 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1478 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1479 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1481 Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
1482 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1483 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1485 Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884
1486 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946
1488 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
1489 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1490 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1492 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
1493 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1494 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1495 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1496 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1498 Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
1500 Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
1501 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1503 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1504 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1506 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1507 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1511 ###############################################################################
1515 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1516 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1517 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1518 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1519 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1522 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks and the MLoC.
1523 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1524 # Shanks reports that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1525 # Shanks says the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1526 # Shanks reports no DST during summer 1931.
1527 # Shanks reports a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1528 # Shanks does not report transitions for Baja in 1945 or 1948.
1529 # Shanks reports southern Mexico transitions on 1981-12-01, not 12-23.
1530 # Shanks says Quintana Roo switched to -6:00 on 1982-12-02, and to -5:00
1531 # on 1997-10-26 at 02:00.
1533 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1534 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1535 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1536 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1537 # the relevant documents.
1539 # From Paul Eggert (2000-07-26):
1540 # Shanks gives 1942-04-01 instead of 1942-04-24, and omits the 1981
1541 # and 1988 DST experiments. Go with spin.com.mx.
1543 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
1544 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1545 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1547 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1549 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1550 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1552 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1553 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1554 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1555 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1557 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1558 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1563 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1568 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1570 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1571 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1572 # For an English translation of the decree, see
1573 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
1574 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
1577 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1578 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
1579 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
1581 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
1582 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
1583 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
1584 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
1585 # Arizona year round.
1587 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
1588 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
1589 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
1590 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
1591 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
1594 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
1595 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
1597 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
1598 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
1600 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
1601 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
1602 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
1604 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
1605 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
1606 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
1607 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
1608 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
1609 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
1610 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
1611 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
1613 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
1614 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
1615 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
1616 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
1618 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
1620 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
1621 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
1623 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
1624 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
1625 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
1626 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
1627 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
1628 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
1630 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
1632 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
1633 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
1634 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
1635 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
1636 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
1637 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
1638 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
1639 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
1640 # September 30, 2001.
1641 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
1642 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
1644 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
1645 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
1646 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
1647 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
1648 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
1649 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
1650 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
1651 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
1653 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
1654 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
1655 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
1656 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
1657 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
1659 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1660 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
1661 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
1662 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
1663 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
1664 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
1665 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
1666 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
1667 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
1668 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1669 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1670 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1671 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1672 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1673 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1674 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1676 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
1677 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1678 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
1681 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
1682 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1683 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
1685 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
1686 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
1691 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
1692 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1693 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1694 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1695 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1696 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1697 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
1698 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
1701 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
1702 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1703 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1704 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1705 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1706 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1708 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
1709 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
1712 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
1713 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1714 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1715 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1716 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1717 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1718 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1719 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1721 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
1723 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
1724 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
1725 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1726 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1727 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1728 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1729 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1730 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1731 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1735 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
1737 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1738 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
1739 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
1740 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
1741 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
1742 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Nov 12
1743 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
1744 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
1749 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
1750 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
1752 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1753 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
1754 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
1755 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks. However, Guy Harris reports
1756 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
1757 # Tijuana observe DST," which contradicts Shanks but does imply that
1758 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
1759 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
1760 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
1761 # name or contents should be.
1766 ###############################################################################
1769 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1770 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1773 # Antigua and Barbuda
1774 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1775 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1780 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1781 Rule Bahamas 1964 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1782 Rule Bahamas 1964 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1783 Rule Bahamas 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1784 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1785 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1789 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1790 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
1791 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1792 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
1793 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1794 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
1795 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1796 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
1797 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
1801 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks.
1802 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1803 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
1804 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
1805 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
1806 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
1807 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
1808 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
1809 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1810 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
1814 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1815 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
1816 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1820 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1821 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
1822 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1826 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1827 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1828 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1829 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1830 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00; go with Shanks.
1831 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
1832 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
1833 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
1834 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1835 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
1836 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
1839 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
1843 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
1844 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
1845 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
1846 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
1847 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
1848 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
1849 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
1850 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
1851 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
1852 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
1854 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
1855 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
1856 # From Paul Eggert (2004-10-28):
1857 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
1858 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
1859 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
1860 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
1861 # For now, let's assume that it's a one-year temporary measure.
1863 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
1864 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
1865 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
1866 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
1868 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1869 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
1870 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
1871 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1872 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1873 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1874 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1875 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1876 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1877 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
1878 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1879 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
1880 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1881 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
1882 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1883 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1884 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
1885 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1886 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
1887 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1888 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1889 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
1890 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
1891 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1892 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
1893 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
1894 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
1895 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
1896 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
1897 Rule Cuba 2000 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
1898 Rule Cuba 2006 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
1900 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1901 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
1902 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
1906 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1907 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
1910 # Dominican Republic
1912 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
1913 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
1914 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
1915 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
1917 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1918 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
1920 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
1921 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
1922 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
1923 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
1924 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
1925 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
1926 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
1927 # decided to revert.
1930 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1931 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
1932 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
1933 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
1934 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
1935 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
1936 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
1937 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1938 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
1939 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
1940 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
1941 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
1942 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
1946 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1947 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1948 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1949 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
1950 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
1951 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1952 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
1956 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1957 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
1961 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1962 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
1966 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1967 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
1968 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
1969 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
1970 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1971 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
1972 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
1973 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1974 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
1978 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
1979 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
1980 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
1981 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
1982 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
1983 # </a>. Translated from French, it says:
1985 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
1986 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
1987 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
1988 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
1989 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
1991 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
1992 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
1993 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
1996 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
1998 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1999 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
2000 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2001 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2002 # Shanks says AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s. Go with IATA.
2003 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
2004 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
2005 Rule Haiti 2005 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2006 Rule Haiti 2005 only - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2007 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2008 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
2009 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
2013 # Shanks says 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
2014 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2015 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
2018 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
2022 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
2025 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
2026 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
2029 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2030 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
2031 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2032 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2037 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2038 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
2039 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
2040 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
2041 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
2045 # From Paul Eggert (1997-08-31):
2046 # Recent volcanic eruptions have forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
2047 # Luckily, Olveston, the current de facto capital, has the same longitude.
2048 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2049 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Olveston
2054 # From Steffen Thorsen (1998-12-29):
2055 # Nicaragua seems to be back at -6:00 but I have not been able to find when
2056 # they changed from -5:00.
2058 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
2059 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
2060 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
2061 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
2062 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
2063 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
2064 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
2065 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
2066 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
2068 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
2069 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
2070 # assume that it is daylight saving and that they'll switch back on the
2071 # 3rd Sunday in September.
2073 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
2074 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
2075 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
2076 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
2077 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
2078 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
2079 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
2080 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
2081 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
2082 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
2084 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
2085 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
2086 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
2089 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2090 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
2091 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
2092 Rule Nic 1992 only - Jan 1 4:00 1:00 D
2093 Rule Nic 1992 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
2094 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
2095 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2096 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2097 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
2098 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
2099 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
2100 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
2101 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1993 Jan 1 4:00
2102 -5:00 - EST 1998 Dec
2106 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2107 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
2108 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
2112 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
2113 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2114 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
2115 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
2116 -4:00 1:00 AWT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
2120 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2121 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
2125 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2126 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
2127 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
2130 # St Pierre and Miquelon
2131 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
2132 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2133 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
2134 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
2135 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
2138 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
2139 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2140 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
2141 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
2145 # From Paul Eggert (1998-08-06):
2146 # Shanks says they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
2147 # says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
2148 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2149 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2150 Rule TC 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2151 Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2152 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2153 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
2154 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2158 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2159 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
2163 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2164 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
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