usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  15  *    without specific prior written permission.
  16  *
  17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  28  *
  29  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  30  * @(#)vmstat.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  31  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
  32  */
  33
  34 #include <sys/user.h>
  35 #include <sys/param.h>
  36 #include <sys/time.h>
  37 #include <sys/uio.h>
  38 #include <sys/namei.h>
  39 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  40 #include <sys/objcache.h>
  41 #include <sys/signal.h>
  42 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  43 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  44 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  45 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  46 #include <sys/interrupt.h>
  47
  48 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  49 #include <vm/vm_zone.h>
  50
  51 #include <ctype.h>
  52 #include <err.h>
  53 #include <errno.h>
  54 #include <kinfo.h>
  55 #include <kvm.h>
  56 #include <limits.h>
  57 #include <nlist.h>
  58 #include <paths.h>
  59 #include <stdio.h>
  60 #include <stdlib.h>
  61 #include <string.h>
  62 #include <sysexits.h>
  63 #include <time.h>
  64 #include <unistd.h>
  65 #include <devstat.h>
  66
  67 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  68 #define X_BOOTTIME      0
  69         { "_boottime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  70 #define X_NCHSTATS      1
  71         { "_nchstats",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  72 #define X_KMEMSTATISTICS        2
  73         { "_kmemstatistics",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  74 #define X_ZLIST         3
  75         { "_zlist",     0, 0, 0, 0 },
  76 #ifdef notyet
  77 #define X_DEFICIT       4
  78         { "_deficit",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  79 #define X_FORKSTAT      5
  80         { "_forkstat",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  81 #define X_REC           6
  82         { "_rectime",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  83 #define X_PGIN          7
  84         { "_pgintime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  85 #define X_XSTATS        8
  86         { "_xstats",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  87 #define X_END           9
  88 #else
  89 #define X_END           4
  90 #endif
  91         { "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  92 };
  93
  94 #define ONEMB   (1024L * 1024L)
  95 #define ONEKB   (1024L)
  96
  97 LIST_HEAD(zlist, vm_zone);
  98
  99 struct statinfo cur, last;
 100 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
 101 long generation;
 102 struct device_selection *dev_select;
 103 int num_selected;
 104 struct devstat_match *matches;
 105 int num_matches = 0;
 106 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
 107 long select_generation;
 108 char **specified_devices;
 109 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
 110
 111 struct  vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
 112 struct  vmstats vms, ovms;
 113
 114 int     winlines = 20;
 115 int     nflag = 0;
 116 int     verbose = 0;
 117 int     unformatted_opt = 0;
 118 int     brief_opt = 0;
 119
 120 kvm_t *kd;
 121
 122 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
 123
 124 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 125 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 126 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 127 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 128 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 129 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 130 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 131 #define OCSTAT          0x80
 132
 133 static void cpustats(void);
 134 static void dointr(void);
 135 static void domem(void);
 136 static void dooc(void);
 137 static void dosum(void);
 138 static void dozmem(u_int interval, int reps);
 139 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
 140 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
 141 static void usage(void);
 142 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
 143 static long getuptime(void);
 144 static void needhdr(int);
 145 static long pct(long, long);
 146
 147 #ifdef notyet
 148 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
 149 static void doforkst(void);
 150 #endif
 151 static void printhdr(void);
 152 static const char *formatnum(intmax_t value, int width, int do10s);
 153 static void devstats(int dooutput);
 154
 155 int
 156 main(int argc, char **argv)
 157 {
 158         int c, todo;
 159         u_int interval;         /* milliseconds */
 160         int reps;
 161         char *memf, *nlistf;
 162         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 163
 164         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 165         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 166         maxshowdevs = 2;
 167         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bc:fiM:mN:n:op:stuvw:z")) != -1) {
 168                 switch (c) {
 169                 case 'b':
 170                         brief_opt = 1;
 171                         break;
 172                 case 'c':
 173                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 174                         break;
 175                 case 'f':
 176 #ifdef notyet
 177                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 178 #else
 179                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
 180 #endif
 181                         break;
 182                 case 'i':
 183                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 184                         break;
 185                 case 'M':
 186                         memf = optarg;
 187                         break;
 188                 case 'm':
 189                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 190                         break;
 191                 case 'N':
 192                         nlistf = optarg;
 193                         break;
 194                 case 'n':
 195                         nflag = 1;
 196                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 197                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 198                                 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 199                                      maxshowdevs);
 200                         break;
 201                 case 'o':
 202                         todo |= OCSTAT;
 203                         break;
 204                 case 'p':
 205                         if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 206                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 207                         break;
 208                 case 's':
 209                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 210                         break;
 211                 case 't':
 212 #ifdef notyet
 213                         todo |= TIMESTAT;
 214 #else
 215                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
 216 #endif
 217                         break;
 218                 case 'u':
 219                         unformatted_opt = 1;
 220                         break;
 221                 case 'v':
 222                         ++verbose;
 223                         break;
 224                 case 'w':
 225                         interval = (u_int)(strtod(optarg, NULL) * 1000.0);
 226                         break;
 227                 case 'z':
 228                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 229                         break;
 230                 default:
 231                         usage();
 232                 }
 233         }
 234         argc -= optind;
 235         argv += optind;
 236
 237         if (todo == 0)
 238                 todo = VMSTAT;
 239
 240         /*
 241          * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
 242          * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
 243          */
 244         if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL) {
 245                 setgid(getgid());
 246                 if (todo & OCSTAT) {
 247                         errx(1, "objcache stats can only be gathered on "
 248                             "the running system");
 249                 }
 250         }
 251
 252         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 253         if (kd == NULL)
 254                 errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 255
 256         if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 257                 if (c > 0) {
 258                         warnx("undefined symbols:");
 259                         for (c = 0; c < (int)NELEM(namelist); c++)
 260                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 261                                         fprintf(stderr, " %s",
 262                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 263                         fputc('\n', stderr);
 264                 } else
 265                         warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 266                 exit(1);
 267         }
 268
 269         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 270                 struct winsize winsize;
 271
 272                 /*
 273                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 274                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 275                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 276                  */
 277                 if (checkversion() < 0)
 278                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 279
 280
 281                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 282                 winsize.ws_row = 0;
 283                 ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
 284                 if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
 285                         winlines = winsize.ws_row;
 286
 287         }
 288
 289 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 290 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 291         if (*argv) {
 292                 interval = (u_int)(strtod(*argv, NULL) * 1000.0);
 293                 if (*++argv)
 294                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 295         }
 296 #endif
 297
 298         if (interval) {
 299                 if (!reps)
 300                         reps = -1;
 301         } else if (reps) {
 302                 interval = 1000;
 303         }
 304
 305 #ifdef notyet
 306         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 307                 doforkst();
 308 #endif
 309         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 310                 domem();
 311         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 312                 dozmem(interval, reps);
 313         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 314                 dosum();
 315 #ifdef notyet
 316         if (todo & TIMESTAT)
 317                 dotimes();
 318 #endif
 319         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 320                 dointr();
 321         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 322                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 323         if (todo & OCSTAT)
 324                 dooc();
 325         exit(0);
 326 }
 327
 328 static char **
 329 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 330 {
 331         if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
 332                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 333
 334         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 335         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 336         bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 337         bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 338
 339         if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
 340                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 341
 342         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 343         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 344
 345         specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
 346         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 347                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 348                         break;
 349                 num_devices_specified++;
 350                 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
 351                                                      sizeof(char *) *
 352                                                      num_devices_specified);
 353                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 354         }
 355         dev_select = NULL;
 356
 357         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 358                         maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 359
 360         /*
 361          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 362          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 363          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 364          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 365          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 366          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 367          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 368          * those devices.
 369          */
 370         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 371                 if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 372                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 373
 374                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 375         } else
 376                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 377
 378         /*
 379          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 380          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 381          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 382          */
 383         if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 384                        &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 385                        num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 386                        num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 387                        maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 388                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 389
 390         return(argv);
 391 }
 392
 393 static long
 394 getuptime(void)
 395 {
 396         static time_t now, boottime;
 397         time_t uptime;
 398
 399         if (boottime == 0)
 400                 kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
 401         time(&now);
 402         uptime = now - boottime;
 403         if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
 404                 errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
 405         return(uptime);
 406 }
 407
 408 int     hdrcnt;
 409
 410 static void
 411 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
 412 {
 413         struct vmtotal total;
 414         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 415         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 416         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 417         size_t vmt_size = sizeof(total);
 418         int initial = 1;
 419         int dooutput = 1;
 420
 421         signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 422         if (reps != 0)
 423                 dooutput = 0;
 424
 425         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 426                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 427                         printhdr();
 428                 if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
 429                         err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
 430
 431                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 432                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 433                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 434                 last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
 435
 436                 /*
 437                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 438                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 439                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 440                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 441                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 442                  */
 443                 switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
 444                 case -1:
 445                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 446                         break;
 447                 case 1: {
 448                         int retval;
 449
 450                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 451                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 452
 453                         retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 454                                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 455                                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 456                                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 457                                             specified_devices,
 458                                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 459                                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 460                         switch (retval) {
 461                         case -1:
 462                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 463                                 break;
 464                         case 1:
 465                                 printhdr();
 466                                 break;
 467                         default:
 468                                 break;
 469                         }
 470                 }
 471                 default:
 472                         break;
 473                 }
 474
 475                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 476                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 477                         exit(1);
 478                 }
 479                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 480                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
 481                         exit(1);
 482                 }
 483                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
 484                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
 485                         exit(1);
 486                 }
 487                 if (dooutput) {
 488                         printf("%3ld %2ld %2ld",
 489                                total.t_rq - 1,
 490                                total.t_dw + total.t_pw,
 491                                total.t_sw);
 492                 }
 493
 494 #define rate(x)         \
 495         (intmax_t)(initial ? (x) : ((intmax_t)(x) * 1000 + interval / 2) \
 496                                    / interval)
 497
 498                 if (dooutput) {
 499                         printf(" %s ",
 500                                formatnum((int64_t)total.t_free *
 501                                          vms.v_page_size,
 502                                          5, 1));
 503                         printf("%s ",
 504                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_vm_faults -
 505                                               ovmm.v_vm_faults),
 506                                          5, 1));
 507                         printf("%s ",
 508                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_reactivated -
 509                                               ovmm.v_reactivated),
 510                                          4, 0));
 511                         printf("%s ",
 512                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
 513                                               (ovmm.v_swapin +
 514                                                ovmm.v_vnodein)),
 515                                          4, 0));
 516                         printf("%s ",
 517                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
 518                                               (ovmm.v_swapout +
 519                                                ovmm.v_vnodeout)),
 520                                          4, 0));
 521                         printf("%s ",
 522                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree),
 523                                          4, 0));
 524                 }
 525                 devstats(dooutput);
 526                 if (dooutput) {
 527                         printf("%s ",
 528                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
 529                                          5, 1));
 530                         printf("%s ",
 531                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_syscall -
 532                                               ovmm.v_syscall),
 533                                          5, 1));
 534                         printf("%s ",
 535                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swtch -
 536                                               ovmm.v_swtch),
 537                                          5, 1));
 538                         cpustats();
 539                         printf("\n");
 540                         fflush(stdout);
 541                 }
 542                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 543                         break;
 544                 ovmm = vmm;
 545                 usleep(interval * 1000);
 546                 initial = 0;
 547                 dooutput = 1;
 548         }
 549 }
 550
 551 static const char *
 552 formatnum(intmax_t value, int width, int do10s)
 553 {
 554         static char buf[16][64];
 555         static int bi;
 556         const char *fmt;
 557         double d;
 558
 559         if (brief_opt)
 560                 do10s = 0;
 561
 562         bi = (bi + 1) % 16;
 563
 564         if (unformatted_opt) {
 565                 switch(width) {
 566                 case 4:
 567                         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%4jd", value);
 568                         break;
 569                 case 5:
 570                         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%5jd", value);
 571                         break;
 572                 default:
 573                         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%jd", value);
 574                         break;
 575                 }
 576                 return buf[bi];
 577         }
 578
 579         d = (double)value;
 580         fmt = "n/a";
 581
 582         switch(width) {
 583         case 4:
 584                 if (value < 1024) {
 585                         fmt = "%4.0f";
 586                 } else if (value < 10*1024) {
 587                         fmt = "%3.1fK";
 588                         d = d / 1024;
 589                 } else if (value < 1000*1024) {
 590                         fmt = "%3.0fK";
 591                         d = d / 1024;
 592                 } else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
 593                         fmt = "%3.1fM";
 594                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 595                 } else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
 596                         fmt = "%3.0fM";
 597                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 598                 } else {
 599                         fmt = "%3.1fG";
 600                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 601                 }
 602                 break;
 603         case 5:
 604                 if (value < 1024) {
 605                         fmt = "%5.0f";
 606                 } else if (value < 10*1024) {
 607                         fmt = "%4.2fK";
 608                         d = d / 1024;
 609                 } else if (value < 100*1024 && do10s) {
 610                         fmt = "%4.1fK";
 611                         d = d / 1024;
 612                 } else if (value < 1000*1024) {
 613                         fmt = "%4.0fK";
 614                         d = d / 1024;
 615                 } else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
 616                         fmt = "%4.2fM";
 617                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 618                 } else if (value < 100*1024*1024 && do10s) {
 619                         fmt = "%4.1fM";
 620                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 621                 } else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
 622                         fmt = "%4.0fM";
 623                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 624                 } else if (value < 10LL*1024*1024*1024) {
 625                         fmt = "%4.2fG";
 626                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 627                 } else if (value < 100LL*1024*1024*1024 && do10s) {
 628                         fmt = "%4.1fG";
 629                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 630                 } else if (value < 1000LL*1024*1024*1024) {
 631                         fmt = "%4.0fG";
 632                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 633                 } else {
 634                         fmt = "%4.2fT";
 635                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 636                 }
 637                 break;
 638         default:
 639                 fprintf(stderr, "formatnum: unsupported width %d\n", width);
 640                 exit(1);
 641                 break;
 642         }
 643         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), fmt, d);
 644         return buf[bi];
 645 }
 646
 647 static void
 648 printhdr(void)
 649 {
 650         int i, num_shown;
 651
 652         num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
 653         printf("--procs-- ---memory-- -------paging------ ");
 654         if (num_shown > 1)
 655                 printf("--disks%.*s",
 656                        num_shown * 4 - 6,
 657                        "---------------------------------");
 658         else if (num_shown == 1)
 659                 printf("disk");
 660         printf(" -----faults------ ---cpu---\n");
 661         printf("  r  b  w   fre   flt   re   pi   po   fr ");
 662         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 663                 if ((dev_select[i].selected)
 664                  && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 665                         printf(" %c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
 666                                      dev_select[i].device_name[1],
 667                                      dev_select[i].unit_number);
 668         printf("  int   sys   ctx us sy id\n");
 669         hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
 670 }
 671
 672 /*
 673  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 674  */
 675 static void
 676 needhdr(__unused int signo)
 677 {
 678
 679         hdrcnt = 1;
 680 }
 681
 682 static long
 683 pct(long top, long bot)
 684 {
 685         long ans;
 686
 687         if (bot == 0)
 688                 return(0);
 689         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 690         return (ans);
 691 }
 692
 693 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 694
 695 static void
 696 dosum(void)
 697 {
 698         struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
 699         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 700         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 701         int cpucnt;
 702         u_long nchtotal;
 703         u_long nchpathtotal;
 704         size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
 705
 706         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 707                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 708                 exit(1);
 709         }
 710         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 711                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 712                 exit(1);
 713         }
 714         printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
 715         printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
 716         printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
 717         printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
 718         printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
 719         printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
 720         printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
 721         printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
 722         printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
 723         printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
 724         printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
 725         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
 726         printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
 727         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
 728         printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
 729         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
 730         printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
 731         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
 732         printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
 733         printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
 734         printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
 735         printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
 736         printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
 737         printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
 738         printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
 739         printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
 740         printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
 741         printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
 742         printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
 743         printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
 744         printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
 745         printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
 746         printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
 747         printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
 748         printf("%9lu pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
 749         printf("%9lu pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
 750         printf("%9lu pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
 751         printf("%9lu pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
 752         printf("%9lu pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
 753         printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
 754         printf("%9u global smp invltlbs\n", vmm.v_smpinvltlb);
 755
 756         if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
 757                 perror("malloc");
 758                 exit(1);
 759         } else {
 760                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
 761                         perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
 762                         free(nch_tmp);
 763                         exit(1);
 764                 } else {
 765                         if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
 766                                 perror("realloc");
 767                                 exit(1);
 768                         }
 769                 }
 770         }
 771
 772         cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
 773         kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
 774
 775         nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
 776             nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
 777             nchstats.ncs_miss;
 778         nchpathtotal = nchstats.ncs_longhits + nchstats.ncs_longmiss;
 779         printf("%9ld total path lookups\n", nchpathtotal);
 780         printf("%9ld total component lookups\n", nchtotal);
 781         printf(
 782             "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg)\n",
 783             "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
 784             PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal));
 785         printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%\n", "",
 786             PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
 787             PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal));
 788         free(nch_tmp);
 789 }
 790
 791 #ifdef notyet
 792 void
 793 doforkst(void)
 794 {
 795         struct forkstat fks;
 796
 797         kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
 798         printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 799             fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
 800         printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 801             fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
 802 }
 803 #endif
 804
 805 static void
 806 devstats(int dooutput)
 807 {
 808         int dn;
 809         long double transfers_per_second;
 810         long double busy_seconds;
 811
 812         diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
 813         diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
 814         diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
 815         diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
 816         diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
 817         old_cp_time = cp_time;
 818
 819         busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
 820
 821         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
 822                 int di;
 823
 824                 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
 825                  || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
 826                         continue;
 827
 828                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
 829
 830                 if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
 831                                   &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
 832                                   NULL, NULL, NULL,
 833                                   NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
 834                                   NULL, NULL) != 0)
 835                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 836
 837                 if (dooutput)
 838                         printf("%s ", formatnum(transfers_per_second, 4, 0));
 839         }
 840 }
 841
 842 static void
 843 cpustats(void)
 844 {
 845         uint64_t total;
 846         double totusage;
 847
 848         total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
 849             diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
 850
 851         if (total)
 852                 totusage = 100.0 / total;
 853         else
 854                 totusage = 0;
 855         printf("%2.0f ",
 856                (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
 857         printf("%2.0f ",
 858                (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
 859         printf("%2.0f",
 860                diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
 861 }
 862
 863 static void
 864 dointr(void)
 865 {
 866         u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
 867         u_int64_t inttotal;
 868         size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
 869         int nwidth;
 870         char *intrstr;
 871         char **intrname;
 872
 873         uptime = getuptime();
 874         if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
 875                 errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
 876         intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
 877         if (intrstr == NULL)
 878                 err(1, "malloc");
 879         sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
 880         for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
 881                 if (intrstr[i] == 0)
 882                         nintr++;
 883         }
 884         intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
 885         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 886                 intrname[i] = intrstr;
 887                 intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
 888         }
 889
 890         size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
 891         intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(*intrcnt));
 892         if (intrcnt == NULL)
 893                 err(1, "malloc");
 894         sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
 895
 896         nwidth = 21;
 897         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 898                 if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
 899                         nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
 900         }
 901         if (verbose) nwidth += 12;
 902
 903         printf("%-*.*s %11s %10s\n",
 904                 nwidth, nwidth, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
 905         inttotal = 0;
 906         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 907                 int named;
 908                 char *infop, irqinfo[72];
 909
 910                 if ((named = strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3)) != 0 ||
 911                     intrcnt[i] > 0) {
 912                         infop = intrname[i];
 913                         if (verbose) {
 914                                 ssize_t irq, cpu;
 915
 916                                 irq = i % MAX_INTS;
 917                                 cpu = i / MAX_INTS;
 918                                 if (named) {
 919                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 920                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: %s",
 921                                                  irq, cpu, intrname[i]);
 922                                 } else {
 923                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 924                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: ", irq, cpu);
 925                                 }
 926                                 infop = irqinfo;
 927                         }
 928                         printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
 929                                 nwidth, nwidth, infop,
 930                                 intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
 931                 }
 932                 inttotal += intrcnt[i];
 933         }
 934         printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
 935                 nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
 936                 (long long)inttotal, (long long)(inttotal / uptime));
 937 }
 938
 939 #define MAX_KMSTATS     1024
 940
 941 enum ksuse { KSINUSE, KSMEMUSE, KSCALLS };
 942
 943 static long
 944 cpuagg(struct malloc_type *ks, enum ksuse use)
 945 {
 946     int i;
 947     long ttl;
 948
 949     ttl = 0;
 950
 951     switch(use) {
 952     case KSINUSE:
 953         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 954             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].inuse;
 955         break;
 956     case KSMEMUSE:
 957         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 958             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].memuse;
 959         break;
 960     case KSCALLS:
 961         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 962             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].calls;
 963         break;
 964     }
 965     return(ttl);
 966 }
 967
 968 static void
 969 domem(void)
 970 {
 971         struct malloc_type *ks;
 972         int i;
 973         int nkms;
 974         long totuse = 0, totreq = 0;
 975         struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
 976         char buf[1024];
 977
 978         kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
 979         for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
 980                 if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
 981                     &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
 982                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
 983                 if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
 984                     (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
 985                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
 986                             kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
 987                 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 988                 kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
 989                 kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
 990         }
 991         if (kmsp != NULL)
 992                 warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
 993
 994         printf(
 995             "\nMemory statistics by type\n");
 996         printf("               Type   Count  MemUse   Limit Requests\n");
 997         for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
 998                 long ks_inuse;
 999                 long ks_memuse;
1000                 long ks_calls;
1001
1002                 ks_calls = cpuagg(ks, KSCALLS);
1003                 if (ks_calls == 0)
1004                         continue;
1005
1006                 ks_inuse = cpuagg(ks, KSINUSE);
1007                 ks_memuse = cpuagg(ks, KSMEMUSE);
1008
1009                 printf("%19s   %s   %s   %s    %s\n",
1010                         ks->ks_shortdesc,
1011                         formatnum(ks_inuse, 5, 1),
1012                         formatnum(ks_memuse, 5, 1),
1013                         formatnum(ks->ks_limit, 5, 1),
1014                         formatnum(ks_calls, 5, 1));
1015
1016                 totuse += ks_memuse;
1017                 totreq += ks_calls;
1018         }
1019         printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use  Requests\n");
1020         printf("                 %s  %s\n",
1021                 formatnum(totuse, 5, 1),
1022                 formatnum(totreq, 5, 1));
1023 }
1024
1025 static void
1026 dooc(void)
1027 {
1028         struct objcache_stats *stat, *s;
1029         size_t len, count;
1030
1031         if (sysctlbyname("kern.objcache.stats", NULL, &len, NULL, 0) < 0)
1032                 errx(1, "objcache stats sysctl failed\n");
1033
1034         /* Add some extra space. */
1035         stat = malloc(len + (8 * sizeof(*stat)));
1036         if (sysctlbyname("kern.objcache.stats", stat, &len, NULL, 0) < 0)
1037                 errx(1, "objcache stats sysctl failed\n");
1038
1039         printf(
1040             "\nObjcache statistics by name\n");
1041         printf("                 Name    Used  Cached   Limit Requests  Allocs Fails  Exhausts\n");
1042         for (s = stat, count = 0; count < len; ++s) {
1043                 printf("%21s   %s   %s   %s    %s   %s  %s  %s\n",
1044                     s->oc_name,
1045                     formatnum(s->oc_used, 5, 1),
1046                     formatnum(s->oc_cached, 5, 1),
1047                     s->oc_limit < OBJCACHE_UNLIMITED ?
1048                     formatnum(s->oc_limit, 5, 1) : "unlim",
1049                     formatnum(s->oc_requested, 5, 1),
1050                     formatnum(s->oc_allocated, 5, 1),
1051                     formatnum(s->oc_failed, 4, 1),
1052                     formatnum(s->oc_exhausted, 4, 1));
1053
1054                 count += sizeof(*s);
1055         }
1056         free(stat);
1057 }
1058
1059 #define MAXSAVE 16
1060
1061 static void
1062 dozmem(u_int interval, int reps)
1063 {
1064         struct zlist    zlist;
1065         struct vm_zone  *kz;
1066         struct vm_zone  zone;
1067         struct vm_zone  copy;
1068         struct vm_zone  save[MAXSAVE];
1069         char name[64];
1070         size_t namesz;
1071         int i;
1072         int first = 1;
1073
1074         bzero(save, sizeof(save));
1075
1076 again:
1077         kread(X_ZLIST, &zlist, sizeof(zlist));
1078         kz = LIST_FIRST(&zlist);
1079         i = 0;
1080
1081         while (kz) {
1082                 if (kvm_read(kd, (intptr_t)kz, &zone, sizeof(zone)) !=
1083                     (ssize_t)sizeof(zone)) {
1084                         perror("kvm_read");
1085                         break;
1086                 }
1087                 copy = zone;
1088                 zone.znalloc -= save[i].znalloc;
1089                 save[i] = copy;
1090                 namesz = sizeof(name);
1091                 if (kvm_readstr(kd, (intptr_t)zone.zname, name, &namesz) == NULL) {
1092                         perror("kvm_read");
1093                         break;
1094                 }
1095                 if (first && interval) {
1096                         /* do nothing */
1097                 } else if (zone.zmax) {
1098                         printf("%-10s %9ld/%9ld %5ldM used"
1099                                " use=%-9lu %6.2f%%\n",
1100                                 name,
1101                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt),
1102                                 (long)zone.zmax,
1103                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt) *
1104                                         zone.zsize / (1024 * 1024),
1105                                 (unsigned long)zone.znalloc,
1106                                 (double)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt) *
1107                                         100.0 / (double)zone.zmax);
1108                 } else {
1109                         printf("%-10s %9ld           %5ldM used"
1110                                " use=%-9lu\n",
1111                                 name,
1112                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt),
1113                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt) *
1114                                         zone.zsize / (1024 * 1024),
1115                                 (unsigned long)zone.znalloc);
1116                 }
1117                 kz = LIST_NEXT(&zone, zlink);
1118                 ++i;
1119         }
1120         if (reps) {
1121                 first = 0;
1122                 fflush(stdout);
1123                 usleep(interval * 1000);
1124                 --reps;
1125                 printf("\n");
1126                 goto again;
1127         }
1128 }
1129
1130 /*
1131  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1132  */
1133 static void
1134 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1135 {
1136         const char *sym;
1137
1138         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1139                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1140                 if (*sym == '_')
1141                         ++sym;
1142                 errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1143         }
1144         if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
1145                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1146                 if (*sym == '_')
1147                         ++sym;
1148                 errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1149         }
1150 }
1151
1152 static void
1153 usage(void)
1154 {
1155         fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
1156                 "usage: vmstat [-imsuvz] [-c count] [-M core] "
1157                 "[-N system] [-w wait]\n",
1158                 "              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
1159         exit(1);
1160 }