2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert
5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
22 * must display the following acknowledgement:
23 * This product includes software developed by the University of
24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
27 * without specific prior written permission.
29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
42 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.134.2.8 2003/06/06 20:21:32 tegge Exp $
43 * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.81 2007/06/29 21:54:08 dillon Exp $
46 #include "opt_init_path.h"
48 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
52 #include <sys/mount.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
56 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
57 #include <sys/systm.h>
58 #include <sys/vnode.h>
59 #include <sys/sysent.h>
60 #include <sys/reboot.h>
61 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
63 #include <sys/unistd.h>
64 #include <sys/malloc.h>
65 #include <sys/machintr.h>
66 #include <sys/file2.h>
67 #include <sys/thread2.h>
68 #include <sys/sysref2.h>
70 #include <machine/cpu.h>
73 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
76 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
77 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
79 #include <sys/copyright.h>
81 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
82 static struct session session0;
83 static struct pgrp pgrp0;
84 static struct sigacts sigacts0;
85 static struct filedesc filedesc0;
86 static struct plimit limit0;
87 static struct vmspace vmspace0;
88 struct proc *initproc;
91 struct thread thread0;
94 extern struct user *proc0paddr;
95 extern int fallback_elf_brand;
97 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */
98 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0, "");
101 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set
102 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY is never
105 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL)
108 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run.
109 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit.
111 SET_DECLARE(sysinit_set, struct sysinit);
112 struct sysinit **sysinit, **sysinit_end;
113 struct sysinit **newsysinit, **newsysinit_end;
117 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if
118 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running.
121 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set, struct sysinit **set_end)
123 struct sysinit **newset;
124 struct sysinit **sipp;
125 struct sysinit **xipp;
128 count = set_end - set;
130 count += newsysinit_end - newsysinit;
132 count += sysinit_end - sysinit;
133 newset = kmalloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
135 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit");
138 for (sipp = newsysinit; sipp < newsysinit_end; sipp++)
141 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++)
144 for (sipp = set; sipp < set_end; sipp++)
147 kfree(newsysinit, M_TEMP);
149 newsysinit_end = newset + count;
153 * Callbacks from machine-dependant startup code (e.g. init386) to set
154 * up low level entities related to cpu #0's globaldata.
156 * Called from very low level boot code.
159 mi_proc0init(struct globaldata *gd, struct user *proc0paddr)
161 lwkt_init_thread(&thread0, proc0paddr, LWKT_THREAD_STACK, 0, gd);
162 lwkt_set_comm(&thread0, "thread0");
163 LIST_INIT(&proc0.p_lwps);
164 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&proc0.p_lwps, &lwp0, lwp_list);
165 lwp0.lwp_thread = &thread0;
166 lwp0.lwp_proc = &proc0;
167 proc0.p_usched = usched_init();
168 lwp0.lwp_cpumask = 0xFFFFFFFF;
169 varsymset_init(&proc0.p_varsymset, NULL);
170 thread0.td_flags |= TDF_RUNNING;
171 thread0.td_proc = &proc0;
172 thread0.td_lwp = &lwp0;
173 thread0.td_switch = cpu_heavy_switch; /* YYY eventually LWKT */
174 lwkt_schedule_self(curthread);
178 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
179 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the
180 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
181 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
183 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require
184 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem
185 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object
186 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads".
191 struct sysinit *sip; /* system initialization*/
192 struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/
193 struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/
194 struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/
196 if (sysinit == NULL) {
197 sysinit = SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set);
198 sysinit_end = SET_LIMIT(sysinit_set);
203 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by
204 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key).
206 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
207 for (xipp = sipp + 1; xipp < sysinit_end; xipp++) {
208 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem ||
209 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem &&
210 (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order))
219 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks.
220 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task.
222 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler,
223 * which will not return.
225 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
227 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SPECIAL_DUMMY)
228 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/
230 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SPECIAL_DONE)
234 (*(sip->func))(sip->udata);
236 /* Check off the one we're just done */
237 sip->subsystem = SI_SPECIAL_DONE;
239 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */
240 if (newsysinit != NULL) {
241 if (sysinit != SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set))
242 kfree(sysinit, M_TEMP);
243 sysinit = newsysinit;
244 sysinit_end = newsysinit_end;
246 newsysinit_end = NULL;
251 panic("Shouldn't get here!");
257 ***************************************************************************
259 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet
262 ***************************************************************************
265 print_caddr_t(void *data __unused)
267 kprintf("%s", (char *)data);
269 SYSINIT(announce, SI_BOOT1_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright)
272 * Leave the critical section that protected us from spurious interrupts
273 * so device probes work.
276 leavecrit(void *dummy __unused)
278 MachIntrABI.finalize();
280 MachIntrABI.cleanup();
282 KKASSERT(!IN_CRITICAL_SECT(curthread));
285 kprintf("Leaving critical section, allowing interrupts\n");
287 SYSINIT(leavecrit, SI_BOOT2_LEAVE_CRIT, SI_ORDER_ANY, leavecrit, NULL)
290 * This is called after the threading system is up and running,
291 * including the softclock, clock interrupts, and SMP.
294 tsleepworks(void *dummy __unused)
296 tsleep_now_works = 1;
298 SYSINIT(tsleepworks, SI_BOOT2_FINISH_SMP, SI_ORDER_SECOND, tsleepworks, NULL)
301 * This is called after devices have configured. Tell the kernel we are
302 * no longer in cold boot.
305 endofcoldboot(void *dummy __unused)
309 SYSINIT(endofcoldboot, SI_SUB_ISWARM, SI_ORDER_ANY, endofcoldboot, NULL)
312 ***************************************************************************
314 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not
315 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of
316 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c
319 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they
320 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process).
322 ***************************************************************************
326 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused)
335 * Initialize process and pgrp structures.
340 * additional VM structures
345 * Create process 0 (the swapper).
347 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list);
349 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash);
350 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members);
351 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist);
353 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
354 session0.s_count = 1;
355 session0.s_leader = p;
357 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec;
359 p->p_flag = P_SYSTEM;
361 lp->lwp_stat = LSRUN;
363 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL;
364 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0;
365 lp->lwp_rtprio = p->p_rtprio;
370 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
371 bcopy("swapper", thread0.td_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
373 /* Create credentials. */
374 p->p_ucred = crget();
375 p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo = uifind(0);
376 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */
377 p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0);
380 p->p_ucred->cr_prison = NULL;
382 /* Create sigacts. */
383 p->p_sigacts = &sigacts0;
384 p->p_sigacts->ps_refcnt = 1;
386 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
389 /* Create the file descriptor table. */
390 fdinit_bootstrap(p, &filedesc0, cmask);
392 /* Create the limits structures. */
393 plimit_init0(&limit0);
394 p->p_limit = &limit0;
396 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */
397 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
398 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0;
399 lp->lwp_vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
400 sysref_init(&vmspace0.vm_sysref, &vmspace_sysref_class);
401 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map,
402 round_page(VM_MIN_USER_ADDRESS),
403 trunc_page(VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS),
404 vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
405 sysref_activate(&vmspace0.vm_sysref);
408 * Charge root for one process.
410 (void)chgproccnt(p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo, 1, 0);
413 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_BOOT2_PROC0, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL)
415 static int proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused);
419 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused)
424 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the
425 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now.
427 allproc_scan(proc0_post_callback, NULL);
430 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump.
431 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ?
434 skrandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec);
438 proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused)
440 microtime(&p->p_start);
444 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_PROC0_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL)
447 ***************************************************************************
449 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the
450 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis.
452 ***************************************************************************
457 ***************************************************************************
459 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like
460 **** kern/init_init.c.
462 ***************************************************************************
466 * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
468 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] =
470 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH);
472 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/stand/sysinstall";
474 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, "");
477 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path.
478 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
480 * The MP lock is held on entry.
483 start_init(void *dummy, struct trapframe *frame)
486 struct execve_args args;
488 char *var, *path, *next, *s;
489 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1;
497 lp = ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(p);
499 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */
500 mp = mountlist_boot_getfirst();
501 if (VFS_ROOT(mp, &vp))
502 panic("cannot find root vnode");
503 if (mp->mnt_ncmountpt.ncp == NULL) {
504 cache_allocroot(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, mp, vp);
505 cache_unlock(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt); /* leave ref intact */
507 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = vp;
508 vref(p->p_fd->fd_cdir);
509 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = vp;
510 vref(p->p_fd->fd_rdir);
511 vfs_cache_setroot(vp, cache_hold(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt));
512 vn_unlock(vp); /* leave ref intact */
513 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_ncdir);
514 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_nrdir);
517 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
519 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE);
520 error = vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE,
523 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL,
526 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
527 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr;
528 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1;
530 if ((var = kgetenv("init_path")) != NULL) {
531 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path);
532 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0;
534 if ((var = kgetenv("kern.fallback_elf_brand")) != NULL)
535 fallback_elf_brand = strtol(var, NULL, 0);
537 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) {
542 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++)
545 kprintf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path),
549 * Move out the boot flag argument.
552 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
553 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */
554 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
555 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's');
559 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
560 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f');
566 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C');
570 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-');
571 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */
575 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
577 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0);
578 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--)
579 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s);
583 * Move out the arg pointers.
585 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1));
586 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */
587 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1);
588 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0);
591 * Point at the arguments.
598 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason
599 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
601 * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way
602 * to user mode as init!
604 * WARNING! We may have been moved to another cpu after
605 * acquiring the current user process designation. The
606 * MP lock will migrate with us though so we still have to
609 if ((error = sys_execve(&args)) == 0) {
611 lp->lwp_proc->p_usched->acquire_curproc(lp);
615 kprintf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path),
618 kprintf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path);
623 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space.
624 * We do this early to reserve pid 1.
626 * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet. Other work
627 * in progress will change this more.
630 create_init(const void *udata __unused)
636 error = fork1(&lwp0, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc);
638 panic("cannot fork init: %d", error);
639 initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM;
640 lp = ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(initproc);
641 cpu_set_fork_handler(lp, start_init, NULL);
644 SYSINIT(init, SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL)
647 * Make it runnable now.
650 kick_init(const void *udata __unused)
652 start_forked_proc(&lwp0, initproc);
654 SYSINIT(kickinit, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL)
657 * Machine independant globaldata initialization
659 * WARNING! Called from early boot, 'mycpu' may not work yet.
662 mi_gdinit(struct globaldata *gd, int cpuid)
664 TAILQ_INIT(&gd->gd_tdfreeq); /* for pmap_{new,dispose}_thread() */
665 TAILQ_INIT(&gd->gd_systimerq);
666 gd->gd_sysid_alloc = cpuid; /* prime low bits for cpu lookup */
667 gd->gd_cpuid = cpuid;
668 gd->gd_cpumask = (cpumask_t)1 << cpuid;
670 vm_map_entry_reserve_cpu_init(gd);