usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  15  *    without specific prior written permission.
  16  *
  17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  28  *
  29  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  30  * @(#)vmstat.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  31  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
  32  */
  33
  34 #include <sys/user.h>
  35 #include <sys/param.h>
  36 #include <sys/time.h>
  37 #include <sys/uio.h>
  38 #include <sys/namei.h>
  39 #include <sys/objcache.h>
  40 #include <sys/signal.h>
  41 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  42 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  44 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  45 #include <sys/interrupt.h>
  46
  47 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  48 #include <vm/vm_zone.h>
  49
  50 #include <ctype.h>
  51 #include <err.h>
  52 #include <errno.h>
  53 #include <kinfo.h>
  54 #include <kvm.h>
  55 #include <limits.h>
  56 #include <nlist.h>
  57 #include <paths.h>
  58 #include <stdio.h>
  59 #include <stdlib.h>
  60 #include <string.h>
  61 #include <sysexits.h>
  62 #include <time.h>
  63 #include <unistd.h>
  64 #include <devstat.h>
  65
  66 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  67 #define X_BOOTTIME      0
  68         { "_boottime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  69 #define X_NCHSTATS      1
  70         { "_nchstats",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  71 #define X_KMEMSTATISTICS        2
  72         { "_kmemstatistics",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  73 #define X_ZLIST         3
  74         { "_zlist",     0, 0, 0, 0 },
  75 #ifdef notyet
  76 #define X_DEFICIT       4
  77         { "_deficit",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  78 #define X_FORKSTAT      5
  79         { "_forkstat",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  80 #define X_REC           6
  81         { "_rectime",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  82 #define X_PGIN          7
  83         { "_pgintime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  84 #define X_XSTATS        8
  85         { "_xstats",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  86 #define X_END           9
  87 #else
  88 #define X_END           4
  89 #endif
  90         { "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  91 };
  92
  93 #define ONEMB   (1024L * 1024L)
  94 #define ONEKB   (1024L)
  95
  96 LIST_HEAD(zlist, vm_zone);
  97
  98 struct statinfo cur, last;
  99 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
 100 long generation;
 101 struct device_selection *dev_select;
 102 int num_selected;
 103 struct devstat_match *matches;
 104 int num_matches = 0;
 105 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
 106 long select_generation;
 107 char **specified_devices;
 108 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
 109
 110 struct  vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
 111 struct  vmstats vms, ovms;
 112
 113 int     winlines = 20;
 114 int     nflag = 0;
 115 int     verbose = 0;
 116 int     unformatted_opt = 0;
 117 int     brief_opt = 0;
 118
 119 kvm_t *kd;
 120
 121 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
 122
 123 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 124 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 125 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 126 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 127 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 128 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 129 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 130 #define OCSTAT          0x80
 131
 132 static void cpustats(void);
 133 static void dointr(void);
 134 static void domem(void);
 135 static void dooc(void);
 136 static void dosum(void);
 137 static void dozmem(u_int interval, int reps);
 138 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
 139 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
 140 static void usage(void);
 141 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
 142 static long getuptime(void);
 143 static void needhdr(int);
 144 static long pct(long, long);
 145
 146 #ifdef notyet
 147 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
 148 static void doforkst(void);
 149 #endif
 150 static void printhdr(void);
 151 static const char *formatnum(intmax_t value, int width, int do10s);
 152 static void devstats(int dooutput);
 153
 154 int
 155 main(int argc, char **argv)
 156 {
 157         int c, todo;
 158         u_int interval;         /* milliseconds */
 159         int reps;
 160         char *memf, *nlistf;
 161         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 162
 163         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 164         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 165         maxshowdevs = 2;
 166         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bc:fiM:mN:n:op:stuvw:z")) != -1) {
 167                 switch (c) {
 168                 case 'b':
 169                         brief_opt = 1;
 170                         break;
 171                 case 'c':
 172                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 173                         break;
 174                 case 'f':
 175 #ifdef notyet
 176                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 177 #else
 178                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
 179 #endif
 180                         break;
 181                 case 'i':
 182                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 183                         break;
 184                 case 'M':
 185                         memf = optarg;
 186                         break;
 187                 case 'm':
 188                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 189                         break;
 190                 case 'N':
 191                         nlistf = optarg;
 192                         break;
 193                 case 'n':
 194                         nflag = 1;
 195                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 196                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 197                                 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 198                                      maxshowdevs);
 199                         break;
 200                 case 'o':
 201                         todo |= OCSTAT;
 202                         break;
 203                 case 'p':
 204                         if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 205                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 206                         break;
 207                 case 's':
 208                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 209                         break;
 210                 case 't':
 211 #ifdef notyet
 212                         todo |= TIMESTAT;
 213 #else
 214                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
 215 #endif
 216                         break;
 217                 case 'u':
 218                         unformatted_opt = 1;
 219                         break;
 220                 case 'v':
 221                         ++verbose;
 222                         break;
 223                 case 'w':
 224                         interval = (u_int)(strtod(optarg, NULL) * 1000.0);
 225                         break;
 226                 case 'z':
 227                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 228                         break;
 229                 default:
 230                         usage();
 231                 }
 232         }
 233         argc -= optind;
 234         argv += optind;
 235
 236         if (todo == 0)
 237                 todo = VMSTAT;
 238
 239         /*
 240          * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
 241          * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
 242          */
 243         if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL) {
 244                 setgid(getgid());
 245                 if (todo & OCSTAT) {
 246                         errx(1, "objcache stats can only be gathered on "
 247                             "the running system");
 248                 }
 249         }
 250
 251         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 252         if (kd == NULL)
 253                 errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 254
 255         if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 256                 if (c > 0) {
 257                         warnx("undefined symbols:");
 258                         for (c = 0; c < (int)NELEM(namelist); c++)
 259                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 260                                         fprintf(stderr, " %s",
 261                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 262                         fputc('\n', stderr);
 263                 } else
 264                         warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 265                 exit(1);
 266         }
 267
 268         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 269                 struct winsize winsize;
 270
 271                 /*
 272                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 273                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 274                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 275                  */
 276                 if (checkversion() < 0)
 277                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 278
 279
 280                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 281                 winsize.ws_row = 0;
 282                 ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
 283                 if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
 284                         winlines = winsize.ws_row;
 285
 286         }
 287
 288 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 289 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 290         if (*argv) {
 291                 interval = (u_int)(strtod(*argv, NULL) * 1000.0);
 292                 if (*++argv)
 293                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 294         }
 295 #endif
 296
 297         if (interval) {
 298                 if (!reps)
 299                         reps = -1;
 300         } else if (reps) {
 301                 interval = 1000;
 302         }
 303
 304 #ifdef notyet
 305         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 306                 doforkst();
 307 #endif
 308         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 309                 domem();
 310         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 311                 dozmem(interval, reps);
 312         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 313                 dosum();
 314 #ifdef notyet
 315         if (todo & TIMESTAT)
 316                 dotimes();
 317 #endif
 318         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 319                 dointr();
 320         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 321                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 322         if (todo & OCSTAT)
 323                 dooc();
 324         exit(0);
 325 }
 326
 327 static char **
 328 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 329 {
 330         if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
 331                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 332
 333         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 334         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 335         bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 336         bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 337
 338         if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
 339                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 340
 341         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 342         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 343
 344         specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
 345         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 346                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 347                         break;
 348                 num_devices_specified++;
 349                 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
 350                                                      sizeof(char *) *
 351                                                      num_devices_specified);
 352                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 353         }
 354         dev_select = NULL;
 355
 356         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 357                         maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 358
 359         /*
 360          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 361          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 362          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 363          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 364          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 365          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 366          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 367          * those devices.
 368          */
 369         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 370                 if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 371                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 372
 373                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 374         } else
 375                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 376
 377         /*
 378          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 379          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 380          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 381          */
 382         if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 383                        &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 384                        num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 385                        num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 386                        maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 387                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 388
 389         return(argv);
 390 }
 391
 392 static long
 393 getuptime(void)
 394 {
 395         static time_t now, boottime;
 396         time_t uptime;
 397
 398         if (boottime == 0)
 399                 kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
 400         time(&now);
 401         uptime = now - boottime;
 402         if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
 403                 errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
 404         return(uptime);
 405 }
 406
 407 int     hdrcnt;
 408
 409 static void
 410 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
 411 {
 412         struct vmtotal total;
 413         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 414         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 415         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 416         size_t vmt_size = sizeof(total);
 417         int initial = 1;
 418         int dooutput = 1;
 419
 420         signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 421         if (reps != 0)
 422                 dooutput = 0;
 423
 424         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 425                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 426                         printhdr();
 427                 if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
 428                         err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
 429
 430                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 431                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 432                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 433                 last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
 434
 435                 /*
 436                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 437                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 438                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 439                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 440                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 441                  */
 442                 switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
 443                 case -1:
 444                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 445                         break;
 446                 case 1: {
 447                         int retval;
 448
 449                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 450                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 451
 452                         retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 453                                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 454                                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 455                                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 456                                             specified_devices,
 457                                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 458                                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 459                         switch (retval) {
 460                         case -1:
 461                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 462                                 break;
 463                         case 1:
 464                                 printhdr();
 465                                 break;
 466                         default:
 467                                 break;
 468                         }
 469                 }
 470                 default:
 471                         break;
 472                 }
 473
 474                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 475                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 476                         exit(1);
 477                 }
 478                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 479                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
 480                         exit(1);
 481                 }
 482                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
 483                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
 484                         exit(1);
 485                 }
 486                 if (dooutput) {
 487                         printf("%3ld %2ld %2ld",
 488                                total.t_rq - 1,
 489                                total.t_dw + total.t_pw,
 490                                total.t_sw);
 491                 }
 492
 493 #define rate(x)         \
 494         (intmax_t)(initial ? (x) : ((intmax_t)(x) * 1000 + interval / 2) \
 495                                    / interval)
 496
 497                 if (dooutput) {
 498                         printf(" %s ",
 499                                formatnum((int64_t)total.t_free *
 500                                          vms.v_page_size,
 501                                          5, 1));
 502                         printf("%s ",
 503                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_vm_faults -
 504                                               ovmm.v_vm_faults),
 505                                          5, 1));
 506                         printf("%s ",
 507                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_reactivated -
 508                                               ovmm.v_reactivated),
 509                                          4, 0));
 510                         printf("%s ",
 511                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
 512                                               (ovmm.v_swapin +
 513                                                ovmm.v_vnodein)),
 514                                          4, 0));
 515                         printf("%s ",
 516                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
 517                                               (ovmm.v_swapout +
 518                                                ovmm.v_vnodeout)),
 519                                          4, 0));
 520                         printf("%s ",
 521                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree),
 522                                          4, 0));
 523                 }
 524                 devstats(dooutput);
 525                 if (dooutput) {
 526                         printf("%s ",
 527                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
 528                                          5, 1));
 529                         printf("%s ",
 530                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_syscall -
 531                                               ovmm.v_syscall),
 532                                          5, 1));
 533                         printf("%s ",
 534                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swtch -
 535                                               ovmm.v_swtch),
 536                                          5, 1));
 537                         cpustats();
 538                         printf("\n");
 539                         fflush(stdout);
 540                 }
 541                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 542                         break;
 543                 ovmm = vmm;
 544                 usleep(interval * 1000);
 545                 initial = 0;
 546                 dooutput = 1;
 547         }
 548 }
 549
 550 static const char *
 551 formatnum(intmax_t value, int width, int do10s)
 552 {
 553         static char buf[16][64];
 554         static int bi;
 555         const char *fmt;
 556         double d;
 557
 558         if (brief_opt)
 559                 do10s = 0;
 560
 561         bi = (bi + 1) % 16;
 562
 563         if (unformatted_opt) {
 564                 switch(width) {
 565                 case 4:
 566                         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%4jd", value);
 567                         break;
 568                 case 5:
 569                         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%5jd", value);
 570                         break;
 571                 default:
 572                         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%jd", value);
 573                         break;
 574                 }
 575                 return buf[bi];
 576         }
 577
 578         d = (double)value;
 579         fmt = "n/a";
 580
 581         switch(width) {
 582         case 4:
 583                 if (value < 1024) {
 584                         fmt = "%4.0f";
 585                 } else if (value < 10*1024) {
 586                         fmt = "%3.1fK";
 587                         d = d / 1024;
 588                 } else if (value < 1000*1024) {
 589                         fmt = "%3.0fK";
 590                         d = d / 1024;
 591                 } else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
 592                         fmt = "%3.1fM";
 593                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 594                 } else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
 595                         fmt = "%3.0fM";
 596                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 597                 } else {
 598                         fmt = "%3.1fG";
 599                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 600                 }
 601                 break;
 602         case 5:
 603                 if (value < 1024) {
 604                         fmt = "%5.0f";
 605                 } else if (value < 10*1024) {
 606                         fmt = "%4.2fK";
 607                         d = d / 1024;
 608                 } else if (value < 100*1024 && do10s) {
 609                         fmt = "%4.1fK";
 610                         d = d / 1024;
 611                 } else if (value < 1000*1024) {
 612                         fmt = "%4.0fK";
 613                         d = d / 1024;
 614                 } else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
 615                         fmt = "%4.2fM";
 616                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 617                 } else if (value < 100*1024*1024 && do10s) {
 618                         fmt = "%4.1fM";
 619                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 620                 } else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
 621                         fmt = "%4.0fM";
 622                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 623                 } else if (value < 10LL*1024*1024*1024) {
 624                         fmt = "%4.2fG";
 625                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 626                 } else if (value < 100LL*1024*1024*1024 && do10s) {
 627                         fmt = "%4.1fG";
 628                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 629                 } else if (value < 1000LL*1024*1024*1024) {
 630                         fmt = "%4.0fG";
 631                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 632                 } else {
 633                         fmt = "%4.2fT";
 634                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 635                 }
 636                 break;
 637         default:
 638                 fprintf(stderr, "formatnum: unsupported width %d\n", width);
 639                 exit(1);
 640                 break;
 641         }
 642         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), fmt, d);
 643         return buf[bi];
 644 }
 645
 646 static void
 647 printhdr(void)
 648 {
 649         int i, num_shown;
 650
 651         num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
 652         printf("--procs-- ---memory-- -------paging------ ");
 653         if (num_shown > 1)
 654                 printf("--disks%.*s",
 655                        num_shown * 4 - 6,
 656                        "---------------------------------");
 657         else if (num_shown == 1)
 658                 printf("disk");
 659         printf(" -----faults------ ---cpu---\n");
 660         printf("  r  b  w   fre   flt   re   pi   po   fr ");
 661         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 662                 if ((dev_select[i].selected)
 663                  && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 664                         printf(" %c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
 665                                      dev_select[i].device_name[1],
 666                                      dev_select[i].unit_number);
 667         printf("  int   sys   ctx us sy id\n");
 668         hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
 669 }
 670
 671 /*
 672  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 673  */
 674 static void
 675 needhdr(__unused int signo)
 676 {
 677
 678         hdrcnt = 1;
 679 }
 680
 681 static long
 682 pct(long top, long bot)
 683 {
 684         long ans;
 685
 686         if (bot == 0)
 687                 return(0);
 688         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 689         return (ans);
 690 }
 691
 692 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 693
 694 static void
 695 dosum(void)
 696 {
 697         struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
 698         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 699         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 700         int cpucnt;
 701         u_long nchtotal;
 702         u_long nchpathtotal;
 703         size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
 704
 705         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 706                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 707                 exit(1);
 708         }
 709         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 710                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 711                 exit(1);
 712         }
 713         printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
 714         printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
 715         printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
 716         printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
 717         printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
 718         printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
 719         printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
 720         printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
 721         printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
 722         printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
 723         printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
 724         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
 725         printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
 726         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
 727         printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
 728         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
 729         printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
 730         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
 731         printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
 732         printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
 733         printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
 734         printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
 735         printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
 736         printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
 737         printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
 738         printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
 739         printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
 740         printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
 741         printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
 742         printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
 743         printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
 744         printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
 745         printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
 746         printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
 747         printf("%9lu pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
 748         printf("%9lu pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
 749         printf("%9lu pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
 750         printf("%9lu pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
 751         printf("%9lu pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
 752         printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
 753         printf("%9u global smp invltlbs\n", vmm.v_smpinvltlb);
 754
 755         if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
 756                 perror("malloc");
 757                 exit(1);
 758         } else {
 759                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
 760                         perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
 761                         free(nch_tmp);
 762                         exit(1);
 763                 } else {
 764                         if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
 765                                 perror("realloc");
 766                                 exit(1);
 767                         }
 768                 }
 769         }
 770
 771         cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
 772         kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
 773
 774         nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
 775             nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
 776             nchstats.ncs_miss;
 777         nchpathtotal = nchstats.ncs_longhits + nchstats.ncs_longmiss;
 778         printf("%9ld total path lookups\n", nchpathtotal);
 779         printf("%9ld total component lookups\n", nchtotal);
 780         printf(
 781             "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg)\n",
 782             "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
 783             PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal));
 784         printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%\n", "",
 785             PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
 786             PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal));
 787         free(nch_tmp);
 788 }
 789
 790 #ifdef notyet
 791 void
 792 doforkst(void)
 793 {
 794         struct forkstat fks;
 795
 796         kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
 797         printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 798             fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
 799         printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 800             fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
 801 }
 802 #endif
 803
 804 static void
 805 devstats(int dooutput)
 806 {
 807         int dn;
 808         long double transfers_per_second;
 809         long double busy_seconds;
 810
 811         diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
 812         diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
 813         diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
 814         diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
 815         diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
 816         old_cp_time = cp_time;
 817
 818         busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
 819
 820         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
 821                 int di;
 822
 823                 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
 824                  || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
 825                         continue;
 826
 827                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
 828
 829                 if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
 830                                   &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
 831                                   NULL, NULL, NULL,
 832                                   NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
 833                                   NULL, NULL) != 0)
 834                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 835
 836                 if (dooutput)
 837                         printf("%s ", formatnum(transfers_per_second, 4, 0));
 838         }
 839 }
 840
 841 static void
 842 cpustats(void)
 843 {
 844         uint64_t total;
 845         double totusage;
 846
 847         total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
 848             diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
 849
 850         if (total)
 851                 totusage = 100.0 / total;
 852         else
 853                 totusage = 0;
 854         printf("%2.0f ",
 855                (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
 856         printf("%2.0f ",
 857                (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
 858         printf("%2.0f",
 859                diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
 860 }
 861
 862 static void
 863 dointr(void)
 864 {
 865         u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
 866         u_int64_t inttotal;
 867         size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
 868         int nwidth;
 869         char *intrstr;
 870         char **intrname;
 871
 872         uptime = getuptime();
 873         if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
 874                 errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
 875         intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
 876         if (intrstr == NULL)
 877                 err(1, "malloc");
 878         sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
 879         for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
 880                 if (intrstr[i] == 0)
 881                         nintr++;
 882         }
 883         intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
 884         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 885                 intrname[i] = intrstr;
 886                 intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
 887         }
 888
 889         size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
 890         intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(*intrcnt));
 891         if (intrcnt == NULL)
 892                 err(1, "malloc");
 893         sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
 894
 895         nwidth = 21;
 896         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 897                 if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
 898                         nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
 899         }
 900         if (verbose) nwidth += 12;
 901
 902         printf("%-*.*s %11s %10s\n",
 903                 nwidth, nwidth, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
 904         inttotal = 0;
 905         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 906                 int named;
 907                 char *infop, irqinfo[72];
 908
 909                 if ((named = strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3)) != 0 ||
 910                     intrcnt[i] > 0) {
 911                         infop = intrname[i];
 912                         if (verbose) {
 913                                 ssize_t irq, cpu;
 914
 915                                 irq = i % MAX_INTS;
 916                                 cpu = i / MAX_INTS;
 917                                 if (named) {
 918                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 919                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: %s",
 920                                                  irq, cpu, intrname[i]);
 921                                 } else {
 922                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 923                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: ", irq, cpu);
 924                                 }
 925                                 infop = irqinfo;
 926                         }
 927                         printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
 928                                 nwidth, nwidth, infop,
 929                                 intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
 930                 }
 931                 inttotal += intrcnt[i];
 932         }
 933         printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
 934                 nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
 935                 (long long)inttotal, (long long)(inttotal / uptime));
 936 }
 937
 938 #define MAX_KMSTATS     16384
 939
 940 enum ksuse { KSINUSE, KSMEMUSE, KSCALLS };
 941
 942 static long
 943 cpuagg(struct malloc_type *ks, enum ksuse use)
 944 {
 945     int i;
 946     long ttl;
 947
 948     ttl = 0;
 949
 950     switch(use) {
 951     case KSINUSE:
 952         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 953             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].inuse;
 954         break;
 955     case KSMEMUSE:
 956         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 957             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].memuse;
 958         break;
 959     case KSCALLS:
 960         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 961             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].calls;
 962         break;
 963     }
 964     return(ttl);
 965 }
 966
 967 static void
 968 domem(void)
 969 {
 970         struct malloc_type *ks;
 971         int i;
 972         int nkms;
 973         long totuse = 0, totreq = 0;
 974         struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
 975         char buf[1024];
 976
 977         kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
 978         for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
 979                 if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
 980                     &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
 981                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
 982                 if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
 983                     (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
 984                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
 985                             kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
 986                 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 987                 kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
 988                 kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
 989         }
 990         if (kmsp != NULL)
 991                 warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
 992
 993         printf(
 994             "\nMemory statistics by type\n");
 995         printf("               Type   Count  MemUse   Limit Requests\n");
 996         for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
 997                 long ks_inuse;
 998                 long ks_memuse;
 999                 long ks_calls;
1000
1001                 ks_calls = cpuagg(ks, KSCALLS);
1002                 if (ks_calls == 0)
1003                         continue;
1004
1005                 ks_inuse = cpuagg(ks, KSINUSE);
1006                 ks_memuse = cpuagg(ks, KSMEMUSE);
1007
1008                 printf("%19s   %s   %s   %s    %s\n",
1009                         ks->ks_shortdesc,
1010                         formatnum(ks_inuse, 5, 1),
1011                         formatnum(ks_memuse, 5, 1),
1012                         formatnum(ks->ks_limit, 5, 1),
1013                         formatnum(ks_calls, 5, 1));
1014
1015                 totuse += ks_memuse;
1016                 totreq += ks_calls;
1017         }
1018         printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use  Requests\n");
1019         printf("                 %s  %s\n",
1020                 formatnum(totuse, 5, 1),
1021                 formatnum(totreq, 5, 1));
1022 }
1023
1024 static void
1025 dooc(void)
1026 {
1027         struct objcache_stats *stat, *s;
1028         size_t len, count;
1029
1030         if (sysctlbyname("kern.objcache.stats", NULL, &len, NULL, 0) < 0)
1031                 errx(1, "objcache stats sysctl failed\n");
1032
1033         /* Add some extra space. */
1034         stat = malloc(len + (8 * sizeof(*stat)));
1035         if (sysctlbyname("kern.objcache.stats", stat, &len, NULL, 0) < 0)
1036                 errx(1, "objcache stats sysctl failed\n");
1037
1038         printf(
1039             "\nObjcache statistics by name\n");
1040         printf("                 Name    Used  Cached   Limit Requests  Allocs Fails  Exhausts\n");
1041         for (s = stat, count = 0; count < len; ++s) {
1042                 printf("%21s   %s   %s   %s    %s   %s  %s  %s\n",
1043                     s->oc_name,
1044                     formatnum(s->oc_used, 5, 1),
1045                     formatnum(s->oc_cached, 5, 1),
1046                     s->oc_limit < OBJCACHE_UNLIMITED ?
1047                     formatnum(s->oc_limit, 5, 1) : "unlim",
1048                     formatnum(s->oc_requested, 5, 1),
1049                     formatnum(s->oc_allocated, 5, 1),
1050                     formatnum(s->oc_failed, 4, 1),
1051                     formatnum(s->oc_exhausted, 4, 1));
1052
1053                 count += sizeof(*s);
1054         }
1055         free(stat);
1056 }
1057
1058 #define MAXSAVE 16
1059
1060 static void
1061 dozmem(u_int interval, int reps)
1062 {
1063         struct zlist    zlist;
1064         struct vm_zone  *kz;
1065         struct vm_zone  zone;
1066         struct vm_zone  save[MAXSAVE];
1067         long zfreecnt_prev;
1068         long znalloc_prev;
1069         long zfreecnt_next;
1070         long znalloc_next;
1071         char name[64];
1072         size_t namesz;
1073         int first = 1;
1074         int i;
1075         int n;
1076
1077         bzero(save, sizeof(save));
1078
1079 again:
1080         kread(X_ZLIST, &zlist, sizeof(zlist));
1081         kz = LIST_FIRST(&zlist);
1082         i = 0;
1083
1084         while (kz) {
1085                 if (kvm_read(kd, (intptr_t)kz, &zone, sizeof(zone)) !=
1086                     (ssize_t)sizeof(zone)) {
1087                         perror("kvm_read");
1088                         break;
1089                 }
1090                 zfreecnt_prev = save[i].zfreecnt;
1091                 znalloc_prev = save[i].znalloc;
1092                 for (n = 0; n < SMP_MAXCPU; ++n) {
1093                         zfreecnt_prev += save[i].zpcpu[n].zfreecnt;
1094                         znalloc_prev += save[i].zpcpu[n].znalloc;
1095                 }
1096
1097                 zfreecnt_next = zone.zfreecnt;
1098                 znalloc_next = zone.znalloc;
1099                 for (n = 0; n < SMP_MAXCPU; ++n) {
1100                         zfreecnt_next += zone.zpcpu[n].zfreecnt;
1101                         znalloc_next += zone.zpcpu[n].znalloc;
1102                 }
1103                 save[i] = zone;
1104
1105                 namesz = sizeof(name);
1106                 if (kvm_readstr(kd, (intptr_t)zone.zname, name, &namesz) == NULL) {
1107                         perror("kvm_read");
1108                         break;
1109                 }
1110                 if (first && interval) {
1111                         /* do nothing */
1112                 } else if (zone.zmax) {
1113                         printf("%-10s %9ld / %-9ld %5ldM used"
1114                                " %6.2f%% ",
1115                                 name,
1116                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zfreecnt_next),
1117                                 (long)zone.zmax,
1118                                 (long)zone.zpagecount * 4096 / (1024 * 1024),
1119                                 (double)(zone.ztotal - zfreecnt_next) *
1120                                         100.0 / (double)zone.zmax);
1121                 } else {
1122                         printf("%-10s %9ld             %5ldM used"
1123                                "         ",
1124                                 name,
1125                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zfreecnt_next),
1126                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zfreecnt_next) *
1127                                         zone.zsize / (1024 * 1024));
1128                 }
1129                 if (first == 0) {
1130                         printf("use=%ld\n", znalloc_next - znalloc_prev);
1131                 } else if (interval == 0)
1132                         printf("\n");
1133
1134                 kz = LIST_NEXT(&zone, zlink);
1135                 ++i;
1136         }
1137         if (reps) {
1138                 first = 0;
1139                 fflush(stdout);
1140                 usleep(interval * 1000);
1141                 --reps;
1142                 printf("\n");
1143                 goto again;
1144         }
1145 }
1146
1147 /*
1148  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1149  */
1150 static void
1151 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1152 {
1153         const char *sym;
1154
1155         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1156                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1157                 if (*sym == '_')
1158                         ++sym;
1159                 errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1160         }
1161         if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
1162                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1163                 if (*sym == '_')
1164                         ++sym;
1165                 errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1166         }
1167 }
1168
1169 static void
1170 usage(void)
1171 {
1172         fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
1173                 "usage: vmstat [-imsuvz] [-c count] [-M core] "
1174                 "[-N system] [-w wait]\n",
1175                 "              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
1176         exit(1);
1177 }