2 * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
3 * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5 * Code to connect to a remote host, and to perform the client side of the
6 * login (authentication) dialog.
8 * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
9 * can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this
10 * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
11 * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
12 * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
16 RCSID("$OpenBSD: sshconnect.c,v 1.158 2004/06/21 17:36:31 avsm Exp $");
18 #include <openssl/bn.h>
28 #include "sshconnect.h"
37 char *client_version_string = NULL;
38 char *server_version_string = NULL;
40 int matching_host_key_dns = 0;
43 extern Options options;
44 extern char *__progname;
45 extern uid_t original_real_uid;
46 extern uid_t original_effective_uid;
47 extern pid_t proxy_command_pid;
49 #ifndef INET6_ADDRSTRLEN /* for non IPv6 machines */
50 #define INET6_ADDRSTRLEN 46
53 static int show_other_keys(const char *, Key *);
54 static void warn_changed_key(Key *);
57 * Connect to the given ssh server using a proxy command.
60 ssh_proxy_connect(const char *host, u_short port, const char *proxy_command)
67 char strport[NI_MAXSERV];
69 /* Convert the port number into a string. */
70 snprintf(strport, sizeof strport, "%hu", port);
73 * Build the final command string in the buffer by making the
74 * appropriate substitutions to the given proxy command.
76 * Use "exec" to avoid "sh -c" processes on some platforms
79 buffer_init(&command);
80 buffer_append(&command, "exec ", 5);
82 for (cp = proxy_command; *cp; cp++) {
83 if (cp[0] == '%' && cp[1] == '%') {
84 buffer_append(&command, "%", 1);
88 if (cp[0] == '%' && cp[1] == 'h') {
89 buffer_append(&command, host, strlen(host));
93 if (cp[0] == '%' && cp[1] == 'p') {
94 buffer_append(&command, strport, strlen(strport));
98 buffer_append(&command, cp, 1);
100 buffer_append(&command, "\0", 1);
102 /* Get the final command string. */
103 command_string = buffer_ptr(&command);
105 /* Create pipes for communicating with the proxy. */
106 if (pipe(pin) < 0 || pipe(pout) < 0)
107 fatal("Could not create pipes to communicate with the proxy: %.100s",
110 debug("Executing proxy command: %.500s", command_string);
112 /* Fork and execute the proxy command. */
113 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
116 /* Child. Permanently give up superuser privileges. */
117 seteuid(original_real_uid);
118 setuid(original_real_uid);
120 /* Redirect stdin and stdout. */
123 if (dup2(pin[0], 0) < 0)
124 perror("dup2 stdin");
128 if (dup2(pout[1], 1) < 0)
129 perror("dup2 stdout");
130 /* Cannot be 1 because pin allocated two descriptors. */
133 /* Stderr is left as it is so that error messages get
134 printed on the user's terminal. */
135 argv[0] = _PATH_BSHELL;
137 argv[2] = command_string;
140 /* Execute the proxy command. Note that we gave up any
141 extra privileges above. */
142 execv(argv[0], argv);
148 fatal("fork failed: %.100s", strerror(errno));
150 proxy_command_pid = pid; /* save pid to clean up later */
152 /* Close child side of the descriptors. */
156 /* Free the command name. */
157 buffer_free(&command);
159 /* Set the connection file descriptors. */
160 packet_set_connection(pout[0], pin[1]);
162 /* Indicate OK return */
167 * Creates a (possibly privileged) socket for use as the ssh connection.
170 ssh_create_socket(int privileged, struct addrinfo *ai)
173 struct addrinfo hints, *res;
176 * If we are running as root and want to connect to a privileged
177 * port, bind our own socket to a privileged port.
180 int p = IPPORT_RESERVED - 1;
182 sock = rresvport_af(&p, ai->ai_family);
185 error("rresvport: af=%d %.100s", ai->ai_family,
188 debug("Allocated local port %d.", p);
191 sock = socket(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_socktype, ai->ai_protocol);
193 error("socket: %.100s", strerror(errno));
195 /* Bind the socket to an alternative local IP address */
196 if (options.bind_address == NULL)
199 memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
200 hints.ai_family = ai->ai_family;
201 hints.ai_socktype = ai->ai_socktype;
202 hints.ai_protocol = ai->ai_protocol;
203 hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
204 gaierr = getaddrinfo(options.bind_address, "0", &hints, &res);
206 error("getaddrinfo: %s: %s", options.bind_address,
207 gai_strerror(gaierr));
211 if (bind(sock, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
212 error("bind: %s: %s", options.bind_address, strerror(errno));
222 timeout_connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *serv_addr,
223 socklen_t addrlen, int timeout)
228 int fdsetsz, optval, rc, result = -1;
231 return (connect(sockfd, serv_addr, addrlen));
233 set_nonblock(sockfd);
234 rc = connect(sockfd, serv_addr, addrlen);
236 unset_nonblock(sockfd);
239 if (errno != EINPROGRESS)
242 fdsetsz = howmany(sockfd + 1, NFDBITS) * sizeof(fd_mask);
243 fdset = (fd_set *)xmalloc(fdsetsz);
245 memset(fdset, 0, fdsetsz);
246 FD_SET(sockfd, fdset);
251 rc = select(sockfd + 1, NULL, fdset, NULL, &tv);
252 if (rc != -1 || errno != EINTR)
263 debug("select: %s", strerror(errno));
266 /* Completed or failed */
268 optlen = sizeof(optval);
269 if (getsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, &optval,
271 debug("getsockopt: %s", strerror(errno));
279 unset_nonblock(sockfd);
282 /* Should not occur */
283 fatal("Bogus return (%d) from select()", rc);
291 * Opens a TCP/IP connection to the remote server on the given host.
292 * The address of the remote host will be returned in hostaddr.
293 * If port is 0, the default port will be used. If needpriv is true,
294 * a privileged port will be allocated to make the connection.
295 * This requires super-user privileges if needpriv is true.
296 * Connection_attempts specifies the maximum number of tries (one per
297 * second). If proxy_command is non-NULL, it specifies the command (with %h
298 * and %p substituted for host and port, respectively) to use to contact
302 * ECONNREFUSED if we got a "Connection Refused" by the peer on any address
303 * ECONNABORTED if we failed without a "Connection refused"
304 * Suitable error messages for the connection failure will already have been
308 ssh_connect(const char *host, struct sockaddr_storage * hostaddr,
309 u_short port, int family, int connection_attempts,
310 int needpriv, const char *proxy_command)
314 int sock = -1, attempt;
315 char ntop[NI_MAXHOST], strport[NI_MAXSERV];
316 struct addrinfo hints, *ai, *aitop;
319 * Did we get only other errors than "Connection refused" (which
320 * should block fallback to rsh and similar), or did we get at least
321 * one "Connection refused"?
323 int full_failure = 1;
325 debug2("ssh_connect: needpriv %d", needpriv);
327 /* Get default port if port has not been set. */
329 sp = getservbyname(SSH_SERVICE_NAME, "tcp");
331 port = ntohs(sp->s_port);
333 port = SSH_DEFAULT_PORT;
335 /* If a proxy command is given, connect using it. */
336 if (proxy_command != NULL)
337 return ssh_proxy_connect(host, port, proxy_command);
339 /* No proxy command. */
341 memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
342 hints.ai_family = family;
343 hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
344 snprintf(strport, sizeof strport, "%u", port);
345 if ((gaierr = getaddrinfo(host, strport, &hints, &aitop)) != 0)
346 fatal("%s: %.100s: %s", __progname, host,
347 gai_strerror(gaierr));
350 * Try to connect several times. On some machines, the first time
351 * will sometimes fail. In general socket code appears to behave
352 * quite magically on many machines.
354 for (attempt = 0; ;) {
356 debug("Trying again...");
358 /* Loop through addresses for this host, and try each one in
359 sequence until the connection succeeds. */
360 for (ai = aitop; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
361 if (ai->ai_family != AF_INET && ai->ai_family != AF_INET6)
363 if (getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen,
364 ntop, sizeof(ntop), strport, sizeof(strport),
365 NI_NUMERICHOST|NI_NUMERICSERV) != 0) {
366 error("ssh_connect: getnameinfo failed");
369 debug("Connecting to %.200s [%.100s] port %s.",
370 host, ntop, strport);
372 /* Create a socket for connecting. */
373 sock = ssh_create_socket(needpriv, ai);
375 /* Any error is already output */
378 if (timeout_connect(sock, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen,
379 options.connection_timeout) >= 0) {
380 /* Successful connection. */
381 memcpy(hostaddr, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen);
384 if (errno == ECONNREFUSED)
386 debug("connect to address %s port %s: %s",
387 ntop, strport, strerror(errno));
389 * Close the failed socket; there appear to
390 * be some problems when reusing a socket for
391 * which connect() has already returned an
398 break; /* Successful connection. */
401 if (attempt >= connection_attempts)
403 /* Sleep a moment before retrying. */
409 /* Return failure if we didn't get a successful connection. */
410 if (attempt >= connection_attempts) {
411 logit("ssh: connect to host %s port %s: %s",
412 host, strport, strerror(errno));
413 return full_failure ? ECONNABORTED : ECONNREFUSED;
416 debug("Connection established.");
418 /* Set SO_KEEPALIVE if requested. */
419 if (options.tcp_keep_alive &&
420 setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, (void *)&on,
422 error("setsockopt SO_KEEPALIVE: %.100s", strerror(errno));
424 /* Set the connection. */
425 packet_set_connection(sock, sock);
431 * Waits for the server identification string, and sends our own
432 * identification string.
435 ssh_exchange_identification(void)
437 char buf[256], remote_version[256]; /* must be same size! */
438 int remote_major, remote_minor, i, mismatch;
439 int connection_in = packet_get_connection_in();
440 int connection_out = packet_get_connection_out();
441 int minor1 = PROTOCOL_MINOR_1;
443 /* Read other side\'s version identification. */
445 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(buf) - 1; i++) {
446 int len = atomicio(read, connection_in, &buf[i], 1);
448 fatal("ssh_exchange_identification: read: %.100s", strerror(errno));
450 fatal("ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host");
451 if (buf[i] == '\r') {
454 continue; /**XXX wait for \n */
456 if (buf[i] == '\n') {
461 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = 0;
462 if (strncmp(buf, "SSH-", 4) == 0)
464 debug("ssh_exchange_identification: %s", buf);
466 server_version_string = xstrdup(buf);
469 * Check that the versions match. In future this might accept
470 * several versions and set appropriate flags to handle them.
472 if (sscanf(server_version_string, "SSH-%d.%d-%[^\n]\n",
473 &remote_major, &remote_minor, remote_version) != 3)
474 fatal("Bad remote protocol version identification: '%.100s'", buf);
475 debug("Remote protocol version %d.%d, remote software version %.100s",
476 remote_major, remote_minor, remote_version);
478 compat_datafellows(remote_version);
481 switch (remote_major) {
483 if (remote_minor == 99 &&
484 (options.protocol & SSH_PROTO_2) &&
485 !(options.protocol & SSH_PROTO_1_PREFERRED)) {
489 if (!(options.protocol & SSH_PROTO_1)) {
493 if (remote_minor < 3) {
494 fatal("Remote machine has too old SSH software version.");
495 } else if (remote_minor == 3 || remote_minor == 4) {
496 /* We speak 1.3, too. */
499 if (options.forward_agent) {
500 logit("Agent forwarding disabled for protocol 1.3");
501 options.forward_agent = 0;
506 if (options.protocol & SSH_PROTO_2) {
516 fatal("Protocol major versions differ: %d vs. %d",
517 (options.protocol & SSH_PROTO_2) ? PROTOCOL_MAJOR_2 : PROTOCOL_MAJOR_1,
519 /* Send our own protocol version identification. */
520 snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "SSH-%d.%d-%.100s\n",
521 compat20 ? PROTOCOL_MAJOR_2 : PROTOCOL_MAJOR_1,
522 compat20 ? PROTOCOL_MINOR_2 : minor1,
524 if (atomicio(vwrite, connection_out, buf, strlen(buf)) != strlen(buf))
525 fatal("write: %.100s", strerror(errno));
526 client_version_string = xstrdup(buf);
527 chop(client_version_string);
528 chop(server_version_string);
529 debug("Local version string %.100s", client_version_string);
532 /* defaults to 'no' */
534 confirm(const char *prompt)
536 const char *msg, *again = "Please type 'yes' or 'no': ";
540 if (options.batch_mode)
542 for (msg = prompt;;msg = again) {
543 p = read_passphrase(msg, RP_ECHO);
545 (p[0] == '\0') || (p[0] == '\n') ||
546 strncasecmp(p, "no", 2) == 0)
548 if (p && strncasecmp(p, "yes", 3) == 0)
558 * check whether the supplied host key is valid, return -1 if the key
559 * is not valid. the user_hostfile will not be updated if 'readonly' is true.
562 check_host_key(char *host, struct sockaddr *hostaddr, Key *host_key,
563 int readonly, const char *user_hostfile, const char *system_hostfile)
566 const char *type = key_type(host_key);
568 char hostline[1000], *hostp, *fp;
569 HostStatus host_status;
570 HostStatus ip_status;
571 int local = 0, host_ip_differ = 0;
573 char ntop[NI_MAXHOST];
575 int len, host_line, ip_line;
576 const char *host_file = NULL, *ip_file = NULL;
579 * Force accepting of the host key for loopback/localhost. The
580 * problem is that if the home directory is NFS-mounted to multiple
581 * machines, localhost will refer to a different machine in each of
582 * them, and the user will get bogus HOST_CHANGED warnings. This
583 * essentially disables host authentication for localhost; however,
584 * this is probably not a real problem.
586 /** hostaddr == 0! */
587 switch (hostaddr->sa_family) {
589 local = (ntohl(((struct sockaddr_in *)hostaddr)->
590 sin_addr.s_addr) >> 24) == IN_LOOPBACKNET;
591 salen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
594 local = IN6_IS_ADDR_LOOPBACK(
595 &(((struct sockaddr_in6 *)hostaddr)->sin6_addr));
596 salen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
600 salen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage);
603 if (options.no_host_authentication_for_localhost == 1 && local &&
604 options.host_key_alias == NULL) {
605 debug("Forcing accepting of host key for "
606 "loopback/localhost.");
611 * We don't have the remote ip-address for connections
612 * using a proxy command
614 if (options.proxy_command == NULL) {
615 if (getnameinfo(hostaddr, salen, ntop, sizeof(ntop),
616 NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
617 fatal("check_host_key: getnameinfo failed");
620 ip = xstrdup("<no hostip for proxy command>");
623 * Turn off check_host_ip if the connection is to localhost, via proxy
624 * command or if we don't have a hostname to compare with
626 if (options.check_host_ip &&
627 (local || strcmp(host, ip) == 0 || options.proxy_command != NULL))
628 options.check_host_ip = 0;
631 * Allow the user to record the key under a different name. This is
632 * useful for ssh tunneling over forwarded connections or if you run
633 * multiple sshd's on different ports on the same machine.
635 if (options.host_key_alias != NULL) {
636 host = options.host_key_alias;
637 debug("using hostkeyalias: %s", host);
641 * Store the host key from the known host file in here so that we can
642 * compare it with the key for the IP address.
644 file_key = key_new(host_key->type);
647 * Check if the host key is present in the user\'s list of known
648 * hosts or in the systemwide list.
650 host_file = user_hostfile;
651 host_status = check_host_in_hostfile(host_file, host, host_key,
652 file_key, &host_line);
653 if (host_status == HOST_NEW) {
654 host_file = system_hostfile;
655 host_status = check_host_in_hostfile(host_file, host, host_key,
656 file_key, &host_line);
659 * Also perform check for the ip address, skip the check if we are
660 * localhost or the hostname was an ip address to begin with
662 if (options.check_host_ip) {
663 Key *ip_key = key_new(host_key->type);
665 ip_file = user_hostfile;
666 ip_status = check_host_in_hostfile(ip_file, ip, host_key,
668 if (ip_status == HOST_NEW) {
669 ip_file = system_hostfile;
670 ip_status = check_host_in_hostfile(ip_file, ip,
671 host_key, ip_key, &ip_line);
673 if (host_status == HOST_CHANGED &&
674 (ip_status != HOST_CHANGED || !key_equal(ip_key, file_key)))
679 ip_status = host_status;
683 switch (host_status) {
685 /* The host is known and the key matches. */
686 debug("Host '%.200s' is known and matches the %s host key.",
688 debug("Found key in %s:%d", host_file, host_line);
689 if (options.check_host_ip && ip_status == HOST_NEW) {
691 logit("%s host key for IP address "
692 "'%.128s' not in list of known hosts.",
694 else if (!add_host_to_hostfile(user_hostfile, ip,
696 logit("Failed to add the %s host key for IP "
697 "address '%.128s' to the list of known "
698 "hosts (%.30s).", type, ip, user_hostfile);
700 logit("Warning: Permanently added the %s host "
701 "key for IP address '%.128s' to the list "
702 "of known hosts.", type, ip);
708 /* The host is new. */
709 if (options.strict_host_key_checking == 1) {
711 * User has requested strict host key checking. We
712 * will not add the host key automatically. The only
713 * alternative left is to abort.
715 error("No %s host key is known for %.200s and you "
716 "have requested strict checking.", type, host);
718 } else if (options.strict_host_key_checking == 2) {
719 char msg1[1024], msg2[1024];
721 if (show_other_keys(host, host_key))
722 snprintf(msg1, sizeof(msg1),
723 "\nbut keys of different type are already"
724 " known for this host.");
726 snprintf(msg1, sizeof(msg1), ".");
728 fp = key_fingerprint(host_key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
730 if (options.verify_host_key_dns) {
731 if (matching_host_key_dns)
732 snprintf(msg2, sizeof(msg2),
733 "Matching host key fingerprint"
736 snprintf(msg2, sizeof(msg2),
737 "No matching host key fingerprint"
740 snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg),
741 "The authenticity of host '%.200s (%s)' can't be "
743 "%s key fingerprint is %s.\n%s"
744 "Are you sure you want to continue connecting "
746 host, ip, msg1, type, fp, msg2);
751 if (options.check_host_ip && ip_status == HOST_NEW) {
752 snprintf(hostline, sizeof(hostline), "%s,%s", host, ip);
758 * If not in strict mode, add the key automatically to the
759 * local known_hosts file.
761 if (!add_host_to_hostfile(user_hostfile, hostp, host_key))
762 logit("Failed to add the host to the list of known "
763 "hosts (%.500s).", user_hostfile);
765 logit("Warning: Permanently added '%.200s' (%s) to the "
766 "list of known hosts.", hostp, type);
769 if (options.check_host_ip && host_ip_differ) {
771 if (ip_status == HOST_NEW)
772 key_msg = "is unknown";
773 else if (ip_status == HOST_OK)
774 key_msg = "is unchanged";
776 key_msg = "has a different value";
777 error("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
778 error("@ WARNING: POSSIBLE DNS SPOOFING DETECTED! @");
779 error("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
780 error("The %s host key for %s has changed,", type, host);
781 error("and the key for the according IP address %s", ip);
782 error("%s. This could either mean that", key_msg);
783 error("DNS SPOOFING is happening or the IP address for the host");
784 error("and its host key have changed at the same time.");
785 if (ip_status != HOST_NEW)
786 error("Offending key for IP in %s:%d", ip_file, ip_line);
788 /* The host key has changed. */
789 warn_changed_key(host_key);
790 error("Add correct host key in %.100s to get rid of this message.",
792 error("Offending key in %s:%d", host_file, host_line);
795 * If strict host key checking is in use, the user will have
796 * to edit the key manually and we can only abort.
798 if (options.strict_host_key_checking) {
799 error("%s host key for %.200s has changed and you have "
800 "requested strict checking.", type, host);
805 * If strict host key checking has not been requested, allow
806 * the connection but without MITM-able authentication or
809 if (options.password_authentication) {
810 error("Password authentication is disabled to avoid "
811 "man-in-the-middle attacks.");
812 options.password_authentication = 0;
814 if (options.kbd_interactive_authentication) {
815 error("Keyboard-interactive authentication is disabled"
816 " to avoid man-in-the-middle attacks.");
817 options.kbd_interactive_authentication = 0;
818 options.challenge_response_authentication = 0;
820 if (options.challenge_response_authentication) {
821 error("Challenge/response authentication is disabled"
822 " to avoid man-in-the-middle attacks.");
823 options.challenge_response_authentication = 0;
825 if (options.forward_agent) {
826 error("Agent forwarding is disabled to avoid "
827 "man-in-the-middle attacks.");
828 options.forward_agent = 0;
830 if (options.forward_x11) {
831 error("X11 forwarding is disabled to avoid "
832 "man-in-the-middle attacks.");
833 options.forward_x11 = 0;
835 if (options.num_local_forwards > 0 ||
836 options.num_remote_forwards > 0) {
837 error("Port forwarding is disabled to avoid "
838 "man-in-the-middle attacks.");
839 options.num_local_forwards =
840 options.num_remote_forwards = 0;
843 * XXX Should permit the user to change to use the new id.
844 * This could be done by converting the host key to an
845 * identifying sentence, tell that the host identifies itself
846 * by that sentence, and ask the user if he/she whishes to
847 * accept the authentication.
851 fatal("internal error");
855 if (options.check_host_ip && host_status != HOST_CHANGED &&
856 ip_status == HOST_CHANGED) {
857 snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg),
858 "Warning: the %s host key for '%.200s' "
859 "differs from the key for the IP address '%.128s'"
860 "\nOffending key for IP in %s:%d",
861 type, host, ip, ip_file, ip_line);
862 if (host_status == HOST_OK) {
864 snprintf(msg + len, sizeof(msg) - len,
865 "\nMatching host key in %s:%d",
866 host_file, host_line);
868 if (options.strict_host_key_checking == 1) {
870 error("Exiting, you have requested strict checking.");
872 } else if (options.strict_host_key_checking == 2) {
873 strlcat(msg, "\nAre you sure you want "
874 "to continue connecting (yes/no)? ", sizeof(msg));
890 /* returns 0 if key verifies or -1 if key does NOT verify */
892 verify_host_key(char *host, struct sockaddr *hostaddr, Key *host_key)
897 if (options.verify_host_key_dns &&
898 verify_host_key_dns(host, hostaddr, host_key, &flags) == 0) {
900 if (flags & DNS_VERIFY_FOUND) {
902 if (options.verify_host_key_dns == 1 &&
903 flags & DNS_VERIFY_MATCH &&
904 flags & DNS_VERIFY_SECURE)
907 if (flags & DNS_VERIFY_MATCH) {
908 matching_host_key_dns = 1;
910 warn_changed_key(host_key);
911 error("Update the SSHFP RR in DNS with the new "
912 "host key to get rid of this message.");
917 /* return ok if the key can be found in an old keyfile */
918 if (stat(options.system_hostfile2, &st) == 0 ||
919 stat(options.user_hostfile2, &st) == 0) {
920 if (check_host_key(host, hostaddr, host_key, /*readonly*/ 1,
921 options.user_hostfile2, options.system_hostfile2) == 0)
924 return check_host_key(host, hostaddr, host_key, /*readonly*/ 0,
925 options.user_hostfile, options.system_hostfile);
929 * Starts a dialog with the server, and authenticates the current user on the
930 * server. This does not need any extra privileges. The basic connection
931 * to the server must already have been established before this is called.
932 * If login fails, this function prints an error and never returns.
933 * This function does not require super-user privileges.
936 ssh_login(Sensitive *sensitive, const char *orighost,
937 struct sockaddr *hostaddr, struct passwd *pw)
940 char *server_user, *local_user;
942 local_user = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
943 server_user = options.user ? options.user : local_user;
945 /* Convert the user-supplied hostname into all lowercase. */
946 host = xstrdup(orighost);
947 for (cp = host; *cp; cp++)
951 /* Exchange protocol version identification strings with the server. */
952 ssh_exchange_identification();
954 /* Put the connection into non-blocking mode. */
955 packet_set_nonblocking();
958 /* authenticate user */
960 ssh_kex2(host, hostaddr);
961 ssh_userauth2(local_user, server_user, host, sensitive);
963 ssh_kex(host, hostaddr);
964 ssh_userauth1(local_user, server_user, host, sensitive);
969 ssh_put_password(char *password)
974 if (datafellows & SSH_BUG_PASSWORDPAD) {
975 packet_put_cstring(password);
978 size = roundup(strlen(password) + 1, 32);
979 padded = xmalloc(size);
980 memset(padded, 0, size);
981 strlcpy(padded, password, size);
982 packet_put_string(padded, size);
983 memset(padded, 0, size);
988 show_key_from_file(const char *file, const char *host, int keytype)
994 found = key_new(keytype);
995 if ((ret = lookup_key_in_hostfile_by_type(file, host,
996 keytype, found, &line))) {
997 fp = key_fingerprint(found, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
998 logit("WARNING: %s key found for host %s\n"
1000 "%s key fingerprint %s.",
1001 key_type(found), host, file, line,
1002 key_type(found), fp);
1009 /* print all known host keys for a given host, but skip keys of given type */
1011 show_other_keys(const char *host, Key *key)
1013 int type[] = { KEY_RSA1, KEY_RSA, KEY_DSA, -1};
1016 for (i = 0; type[i] != -1; i++) {
1017 if (type[i] == key->type)
1019 if (type[i] != KEY_RSA1 &&
1020 show_key_from_file(options.user_hostfile2, host, type[i])) {
1024 if (type[i] != KEY_RSA1 &&
1025 show_key_from_file(options.system_hostfile2, host, type[i])) {
1029 if (show_key_from_file(options.user_hostfile, host, type[i])) {
1033 if (show_key_from_file(options.system_hostfile, host, type[i])) {
1037 debug2("no key of type %d for host %s", type[i], host);
1043 warn_changed_key(Key *host_key)
1046 const char *type = key_type(host_key);
1048 fp = key_fingerprint(host_key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
1050 error("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
1051 error("@ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @");
1052 error("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
1053 error("IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!");
1054 error("Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!");
1055 error("It is also possible that the %s host key has just been changed.", type);
1056 error("The fingerprint for the %s key sent by the remote host is\n%s.",
1058 error("Please contact your system administrator.");