3 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
7 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
9 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
10 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
11 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
13 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
14 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
15 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
16 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
17 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
19 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
20 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
22 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
23 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
24 # I found in the UCLA library.
26 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
27 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
29 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
30 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
31 # Corrections are welcome!
34 # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
36 # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
41 # 7:00 WIT west Indonesia
42 # 8:00 CIT central Indonesia
44 # 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
45 # 9:00 EIT east Indonesia
48 # 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
50 # See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
53 # Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
54 # additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
55 # Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
56 # Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
58 ###############################################################################
60 # These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
61 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
62 Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
63 Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
64 Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
65 Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
66 Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
67 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
68 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
69 Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
70 Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
71 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
72 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
73 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
74 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
75 Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
78 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
79 Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
84 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
85 # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
86 # then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997.
87 # Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
88 # <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
89 # in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
90 # Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
91 # but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
92 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
93 Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
94 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
95 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
96 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
97 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
102 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
103 Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S
104 Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 -
105 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
106 Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
107 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
108 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
109 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
110 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00
111 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
112 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
117 Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah
122 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
123 Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
124 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
125 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
127 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
128 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
129 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time
132 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
133 Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
135 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
137 # British Indian Ocean Territory
138 # Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the
139 # 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996.
140 # We have no information as to when standard time was introduced;
141 # assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which
142 # then contained the Chagos Archipelago).
143 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
144 Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907
145 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time
149 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
150 Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
155 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
156 Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
157 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
158 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
159 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
160 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
163 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
164 Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
165 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
173 # People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
175 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
176 # No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
177 # China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
178 # Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
179 # has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
180 # the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
182 # . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
183 # painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
184 # DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
186 # 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
187 # 1987 mid-April - ??
189 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
190 # CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
191 # CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
193 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
194 # Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1,
195 # observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
196 # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
197 # Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones.
200 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
201 Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
202 Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
203 Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
204 Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
205 Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
206 Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
207 Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
209 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
211 # From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
212 # BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
213 # historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
214 # Chinese names for these locales (before 1949):
215 # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
216 Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
217 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time
222 # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")
223 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
226 # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
227 Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking
228 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time
230 # Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time")
231 Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
232 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
235 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
236 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
240 # Hong Kong (Xianggang)
241 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
242 Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
243 Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
244 Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
245 Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
246 Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
247 Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
248 Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
249 Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
250 Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
251 Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
252 Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
253 Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
254 Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
255 Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
256 Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
257 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
258 Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
262 ###############################################################################
266 # Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
267 # was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
268 # have any other information.
270 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
271 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
272 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
273 Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
274 Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
275 Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
276 Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
277 Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
278 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
279 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
280 Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
281 Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
282 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
283 Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei
286 # Macau (Macao, Aomen)
287 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
288 Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
289 Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
290 Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
291 Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
292 Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
293 Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
294 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
295 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
296 Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
297 Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
298 Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
299 Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
300 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
301 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
302 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
303 Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
304 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
308 ###############################################################################
311 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
312 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
313 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
314 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
315 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
316 Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
317 Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
318 Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
319 Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
320 Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
321 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
322 Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
323 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
325 # IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
327 # Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
328 # However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
329 Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
332 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19):
333 # Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
334 # an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
335 # an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
336 # We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
338 # From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
339 # Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
340 # will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
341 # President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
343 # From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27):
345 # Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet
346 # republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it
347 # is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours
348 # ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
349 # Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
350 # of integration into Europe.
352 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
353 Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
354 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
355 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
356 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
357 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
358 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
359 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
360 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
361 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
362 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27
363 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT
367 # From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
368 # <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm">
369 # East Timor may be late for its millennium
370 # </a> (1999-12-26/31):
371 # Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
372 # rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
373 # Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
374 # conflicts with their way of life.
376 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
377 # We don't have any record of the above attempt.
378 # Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
380 # <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html">
381 # From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
383 # The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
384 # today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
385 # which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
386 # midnight on Saturday, September 16.
388 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
389 Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
390 8:00 - TPT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
392 9:00 - TPT 1976 May 3
393 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00
397 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
398 Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
399 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
400 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
402 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
404 # The following are like Asia/Calcutta:
406 # Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
411 # From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks:
412 # <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
413 # says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
414 # time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
415 # and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7.
417 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
418 Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
419 # Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
420 # but this must be a typo.
421 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
422 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
423 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23
429 Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May
430 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT
431 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29
436 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1
438 Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
439 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
440 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9
443 Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
450 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
451 # This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian).
452 # The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine:
454 # Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16]
455 # No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01]
457 # The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country
459 # The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14],
460 # based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13]
461 # of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs,
462 # and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers
463 # and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and
464 # for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that:
466 # The official time of the country will should move forward one hour
467 # at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return
468 # to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of
471 # First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi
473 # From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed
474 # for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the
475 # date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last
476 # Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates....
477 # I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct
478 # here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time.
480 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05):
481 # The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions
482 # that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic
483 # leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious
484 # plan to change that law....
486 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-05):
487 # Go with Shanks before September 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
488 # I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates,
489 # stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
490 # That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar
491 # calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand.
493 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future
494 # discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar:
495 # For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for
496 # the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local
497 # Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be
498 # known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer:
499 # 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give
500 # no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant
501 # in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between
502 # arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058:
503 # vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of
504 # Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date
505 # 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical).
507 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
508 Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
509 Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S
510 Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S
511 Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S
512 Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D
513 Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
514 Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
515 Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
516 Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
517 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
518 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
519 Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
520 Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
521 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
522 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
523 Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
524 Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
525 Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
526 Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
527 Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
528 Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
529 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
530 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
531 Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
532 Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
533 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
534 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
535 Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
536 Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
537 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
538 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
539 Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
540 Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
541 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
542 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
543 Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
544 Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
545 Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
546 Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
547 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
548 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
549 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
550 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
551 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
552 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
553 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
554 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
555 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
556 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
557 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
558 Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
559 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
567 # From Jonathan Lennox <lennox@cs.columbia.edu> (2000-06-12):
568 # An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
569 # the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
570 # "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
571 # are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
573 # But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
574 # In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
575 # Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
576 # to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
577 # in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
579 # So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
581 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
582 Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
583 Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
584 Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
585 Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
586 Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
587 Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
588 # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
589 # Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this.
590 Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
591 Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
592 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
593 Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
594 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
599 ###############################################################################
603 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11):
605 # I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three
606 # different abbreviations in use:
608 # JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University]
609 # IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion]
610 # EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else]
612 # Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities,
613 # I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe,
614 # EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with
615 # any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go
616 # and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone
617 # settings in Israeli computers.
619 # In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India,
620 # high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
621 # family is from India).
624 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
625 Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
626 Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
627 Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
628 Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
629 Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
630 Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
631 Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
632 Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
633 Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
634 Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
635 Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
636 Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
637 Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
638 Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
639 Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
640 Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
641 Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
642 Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
643 Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
644 Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
645 Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
646 Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
647 Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
648 Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
649 Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
650 Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
651 Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
652 Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
653 Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
654 Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
655 Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
656 Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
657 Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
658 Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
659 Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
660 Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
661 Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
662 Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
663 Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
664 Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
666 # From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il>
667 # (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22,
670 # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
671 # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
672 # One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
673 # days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
674 # daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
675 # 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
676 # Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
677 # time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
678 # time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
679 # conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
680 # daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
681 # 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
682 # was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
683 # 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
684 # similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
685 # will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
686 # changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
687 # rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
688 # (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
689 # of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
690 # (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
691 # (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
693 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
694 Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
695 Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
696 Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
697 Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
698 Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
699 Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
700 Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
701 Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
702 Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
703 Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
705 # The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
706 # Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
707 # calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
709 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
710 Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
711 Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
712 Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
713 Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
715 # The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
716 # time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
717 # (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
719 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
721 # The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
723 # The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
725 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
727 # where YYYY is the relevant year.
729 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
730 Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
731 Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
732 Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
733 Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
734 Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
735 Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
736 Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
737 Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
739 # The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
740 # the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
741 # years 2001-2004 as well.
743 # The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
745 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
747 # The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
748 # for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
750 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
752 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
753 Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
754 Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
755 Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
756 Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
757 Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
758 Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
759 Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
760 Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
761 Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
762 Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
764 # The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on
765 # 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the
766 # last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April
767 # 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday
768 # night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur.
770 # Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at:
772 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps
774 # From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22):
775 # I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program
776 # <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20)
777 # along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4,
778 # to generate the transitions in this list.
779 # (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.)
780 # The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule:
782 # Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
784 # but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support
785 # "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the
786 # springtime transitions explicitly.
788 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
789 Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
790 Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S
791 Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
792 Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
793 Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
794 Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S
795 Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S
796 Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
797 Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
798 Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
799 Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
800 Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S
801 Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S
802 Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S
803 Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S
804 Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
805 Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S
806 Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
807 Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S
808 Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
809 Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S
810 Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S
811 Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
812 Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
813 Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
814 Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
815 Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S
816 Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S
817 Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S
818 Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S
819 Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S
820 Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S
821 Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
822 Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S
823 Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S
824 Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
825 Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
826 Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
827 Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
828 Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
829 Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S
830 Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S
831 Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S
833 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
834 Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
835 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
840 ###############################################################################
844 # `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
846 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06):
847 # Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
848 # daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
849 # because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
850 # Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows:
851 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
852 #Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
853 #Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
854 #Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
855 #Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
856 # but the only locations using it were US military bases.
857 # We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo.
859 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
860 # 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
861 # Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
862 # This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
863 # edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
864 # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
865 # The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
867 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
868 # The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
869 # which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
870 # In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
871 # standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
872 # time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
873 # time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
874 # 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
877 # I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
878 # In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
880 # Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki)
881 # use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
883 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
884 Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
888 # Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
892 # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
893 # Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
894 # Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
895 # in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
898 # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
899 # Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
900 # Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
901 # by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
902 # The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
903 # government's departments from six to seven hours.
905 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
906 Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
907 Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
908 Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
909 Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
910 Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
911 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
912 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
913 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
914 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
915 Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
916 Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
917 Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
918 Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
919 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
920 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
921 Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
922 Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
923 Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
924 Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
925 Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
926 Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
927 Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 -
928 Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
929 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
930 Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
934 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
935 # Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
936 # stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
937 # and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
938 # Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
939 # IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
941 # From Paul Eggert (2001-10-18):
942 # German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses
943 # RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it.
944 # Go with Shanks, who has them always using RussiaAsia rules.
945 # Also go with the following claims of Shanks:
947 # - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
948 # - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
949 # - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.
951 # <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm">
952 # From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21):
954 # The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing
955 # daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health
956 # complications coupled with a decrease in productivity.
959 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
961 # Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
962 Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
963 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time
964 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991
966 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15
968 # Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.)
969 Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
970 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time
971 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1
972 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1
973 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1
974 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991
975 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
976 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
977 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15
979 # Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk)
980 Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
981 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time
982 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1
983 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1
984 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1
985 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991
986 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
987 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time
990 # Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
991 # so include time stamps before 1963.
992 Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2
993 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T
995 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time
996 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1
997 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991
998 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence
999 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time
1000 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15
1003 Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk
1004 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time
1005 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1
1006 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1
1007 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1
1008 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00
1009 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991
1010 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1011 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time
1014 # Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
1015 # Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks.
1016 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1017 Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S
1018 Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1019 Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
1020 Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
1021 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1022 Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
1023 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
1024 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1025 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
1026 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time
1028 ###############################################################################
1030 # Korea (North and South)
1033 # According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco,
1034 # Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know
1035 # at what time of day DST starts or ends.
1038 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1039 Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
1040 Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1041 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D
1042 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S
1044 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1045 Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
1049 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1050 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
1053 Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
1057 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1058 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
1061 ###############################################################################
1064 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1065 Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
1069 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1070 Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
1071 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1077 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1078 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
1079 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
1080 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
1081 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
1082 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1083 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
1084 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
1085 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
1086 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1087 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1088 Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
1089 Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1090 Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1091 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1092 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1093 Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1094 Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
1095 Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
1096 Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1097 Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1098 Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
1099 Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1100 Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1101 Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
1102 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1103 Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
1107 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1108 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
1109 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
1111 # peninsular Malaysia
1112 # The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
1113 # <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
1114 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1115 Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
1116 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
1117 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
1118 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
1119 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
1120 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
1121 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1122 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
1123 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
1125 # From Paul Eggert (2003-11-01):
1126 # The data here are mostly from Shanks, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
1127 # transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
1128 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1129 Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
1130 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
1131 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16
1132 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1133 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1
1137 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1138 Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
1139 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
1140 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
1144 # Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map
1145 # Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01)
1146 # both say that it has just one.
1148 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
1149 # <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
1150 # General Information Mongolia
1152 # "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
1153 # Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
1154 # the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
1157 # From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
1158 # Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
1159 # being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
1160 # unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
1161 # of implementation may have been different....
1162 # Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
1163 # zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
1164 # Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
1166 # From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
1167 # Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
1168 # We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
1169 # the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
1170 # and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
1171 # is good enough for our purposes.
1173 # From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
1174 # In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier
1175 # (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
1176 # there are three time zones.
1178 # Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
1179 # Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov,
1180 # Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi
1181 # Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar
1183 # [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
1185 # From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar <ganbold@micom.mng.net> (2004-04-17):
1186 # Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March.
1187 # It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of
1188 # September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001.
1190 # From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17):
1191 # For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs
1192 # Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them.
1194 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1195 Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1196 Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1197 # IATA SSIM says 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, but Shanks (1995) lists
1198 # them at 02:00s, and McDow says the 2001 switches also occurred at 02:00.
1199 # Also, IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks through 1998.
1200 Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
1201 Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
1202 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
1203 Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1204 Rule Mongol 2001 max - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 -
1205 Rule Mongol 2002 max - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1207 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1208 # Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
1209 Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
1210 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
1212 # Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
1213 Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
1214 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
1216 # Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
1217 # Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
1218 Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
1220 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr
1221 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT # Choibalsan Time
1224 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1225 Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
1227 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
1230 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1231 Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920
1236 # From Rives McDow (2002-03-13):
1237 # I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a
1238 # TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002
1239 # and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was
1240 # told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the
1241 # 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
1243 # From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
1244 # Jesper Norgaard found this URL:
1245 # http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
1246 # (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
1247 # advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first
1248 # Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on
1249 # 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
1250 # but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like
1251 # it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday
1252 # and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the
1253 # transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02.
1255 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09):
1256 # DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05
1257 # that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now.
1259 # From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14):
1260 # According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm
1261 # there will be no DST in Pakistan this year:
1263 # ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh
1264 # Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous
1265 # decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by
1266 # one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy.
1268 # The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather
1269 # shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity.
1272 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1273 Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S
1274 Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 -
1275 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1276 Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
1278 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
1279 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
1280 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
1281 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time
1285 # From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15):
1287 # From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
1288 # known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
1289 # Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
1291 # The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
1292 # (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
1293 # time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
1296 # The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
1297 # annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
1298 # the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
1299 # Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
1300 # towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
1303 # Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
1304 # for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
1305 # have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
1306 # of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
1307 # time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
1309 # The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
1310 # towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
1311 # demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
1312 # summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
1313 # know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
1316 # To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
1318 # Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
1319 # ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
1320 # Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
1321 # West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
1322 # Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
1324 # I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
1327 # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
1328 # Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go
1329 # with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
1330 # and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
1331 # We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
1332 # the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
1333 # occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
1334 # However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
1335 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
1336 # to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please
1337 # send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions.
1339 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
1340 # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
1342 # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
1343 # last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
1344 # one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
1345 # the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
1347 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1348 # Daoud Kuttab writes in
1349 # <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
1351 # </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
1352 # the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
1353 # I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
1354 # For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
1355 # and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
1357 # The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
1358 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1359 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1360 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1361 Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1362 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
1363 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
1364 Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
1366 Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
1367 Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1369 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1370 Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
1371 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
1372 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
1374 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
1375 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
1381 # On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the
1382 # Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
1383 # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a
1384 # transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>.
1385 # The rest of this data is from Shanks.
1386 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1387 Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
1388 Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
1389 Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
1390 Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
1391 Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
1392 Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
1393 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1394 Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
1395 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
1396 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
1401 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1402 Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
1407 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1408 Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
1412 # The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
1413 # <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
1414 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1415 Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
1416 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
1417 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
1418 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
1419 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
1420 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
1421 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1422 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
1423 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time
1430 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
1431 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
1432 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
1433 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
1434 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
1435 # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
1437 # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
1439 # <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
1440 # Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
1442 # With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
1443 # Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
1445 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1446 Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
1447 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
1448 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
1449 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
1450 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
1451 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
1452 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
1456 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1457 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
1458 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
1459 Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
1460 Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1461 Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1462 Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1463 Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1464 Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1465 Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
1466 Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1467 Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1468 Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
1469 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
1470 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1471 Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
1472 Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
1473 Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
1474 Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
1475 Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
1476 Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
1477 Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1478 Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
1479 Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1480 Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1481 Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1482 Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
1483 Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1484 Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
1485 # IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
1486 # (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
1487 # 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
1488 # ignore all these claims and go with Shanks.
1489 Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1490 Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1491 Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
1492 Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1493 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1494 Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
1499 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1500 Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1501 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
1502 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1503 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
1504 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
1507 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1508 Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
1509 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
1514 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1515 Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
1516 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
1517 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
1518 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
1519 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
1522 # United Arab Emirates
1523 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1524 Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
1528 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1529 Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1530 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
1531 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
1532 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
1533 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time
1534 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1535 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1536 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1538 Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1539 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
1540 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1541 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1542 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1543 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1547 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
1548 # Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long.
1549 # We'll stick with the traditional name for now.
1551 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1552 Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
1553 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1559 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1560 Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950
projects / dragonfly.git / blob