usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  15  *    without specific prior written permission.
  16  *
  17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  28  *
  29  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  30  * @(#)vmstat.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  31  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
  32  */
  33
  34 #include <sys/user.h>
  35 #include <sys/param.h>
  36 #include <sys/time.h>
  37 #include <sys/uio.h>
  38 #include <sys/namei.h>
  39 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  40 #include <sys/signal.h>
  41 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  42 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  44 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  45 #include <sys/interrupt.h>
  46
  47 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  48 #include <vm/vm_zone.h>
  49
  50 #include <ctype.h>
  51 #include <err.h>
  52 #include <errno.h>
  53 #include <kinfo.h>
  54 #include <kvm.h>
  55 #include <limits.h>
  56 #include <nlist.h>
  57 #include <paths.h>
  58 #include <stdio.h>
  59 #include <stdlib.h>
  60 #include <string.h>
  61 #include <sysexits.h>
  62 #include <time.h>
  63 #include <unistd.h>
  64 #include <devstat.h>
  65
  66 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  67 #define X_BOOTTIME      0
  68         { "_boottime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  69 #define X_NCHSTATS      1
  70         { "_nchstats",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  71 #define X_KMEMSTATISTICS        2
  72         { "_kmemstatistics",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  73 #define X_ZLIST         3
  74         { "_zlist",     0, 0, 0, 0 },
  75 #ifdef notyet
  76 #define X_DEFICIT       4
  77         { "_deficit",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  78 #define X_FORKSTAT      5
  79         { "_forkstat",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  80 #define X_REC           6
  81         { "_rectime",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  82 #define X_PGIN          7
  83         { "_pgintime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  84 #define X_XSTATS        8
  85         { "_xstats",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  86 #define X_END           9
  87 #else
  88 #define X_END           4
  89 #endif
  90         { "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  91 };
  92
  93 LIST_HEAD(zlist, vm_zone);
  94
  95 struct statinfo cur, last;
  96 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
  97 long generation;
  98 struct device_selection *dev_select;
  99 int num_selected;
 100 struct devstat_match *matches;
 101 int num_matches = 0;
 102 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
 103 long select_generation;
 104 char **specified_devices;
 105 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
 106
 107 struct  vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
 108 struct  vmstats vms, ovms;
 109
 110 int     winlines = 20;
 111 int     nflag = 0;
 112 int     verbose = 0;
 113
 114 kvm_t *kd;
 115
 116 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
 117
 118 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 119 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 120 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 121 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 122 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 123 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 124 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 125
 126 static void cpustats(void);
 127 static void dointr(void);
 128 static void domem(void);
 129 static void dosum(void);
 130 static void dozmem(u_int interval, int reps);
 131 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
 132 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
 133 static void usage(void);
 134 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
 135 static long getuptime(void);
 136 static void needhdr(int);
 137 static long pct(long, long);
 138
 139 #ifdef notyet
 140 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
 141 static void doforkst(void);
 142 #endif
 143 static void printhdr(void);
 144 static const char *formatnum(intmax_t value, int width);
 145 static void devstats(int dooutput);
 146
 147 int
 148 main(int argc, char **argv)
 149 {
 150         int c, todo;
 151         u_int interval;         /* milliseconds */
 152         int reps;
 153         char *memf, *nlistf;
 154         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 155
 156         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 157         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 158         maxshowdevs = 2;
 159         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stvw:z")) != -1) {
 160                 switch (c) {
 161                 case 'c':
 162                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 163                         break;
 164                 case 'f':
 165 #ifdef notyet
 166                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 167 #else
 168                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
 169 #endif
 170                         break;
 171                 case 'i':
 172                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 173                         break;
 174                 case 'M':
 175                         memf = optarg;
 176                         break;
 177                 case 'm':
 178                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 179                         break;
 180                 case 'N':
 181                         nlistf = optarg;
 182                         break;
 183                 case 'n':
 184                         nflag = 1;
 185                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 186                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 187                                 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 188                                      maxshowdevs);
 189                         break;
 190                 case 'p':
 191                         if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 192                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 193                         break;
 194                 case 's':
 195                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 196                         break;
 197                 case 't':
 198 #ifdef notyet
 199                         todo |= TIMESTAT;
 200 #else
 201                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
 202 #endif
 203                         break;
 204                 case 'v':
 205                         ++verbose;
 206                         break;
 207                 case 'w':
 208                         interval = (u_int)(strtod(optarg, NULL) * 1000.0);
 209                         break;
 210                 case 'z':
 211                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 212                         break;
 213                 default:
 214                         usage();
 215                 }
 216         }
 217         argc -= optind;
 218         argv += optind;
 219
 220         if (todo == 0)
 221                 todo = VMSTAT;
 222
 223         /*
 224          * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
 225          * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
 226          */
 227         if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
 228                 setgid(getgid());
 229
 230         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 231         if (kd == NULL)
 232                 errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 233
 234         if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 235                 if (c > 0) {
 236                         warnx("undefined symbols:");
 237                         for (c = 0; c < (int)__arysize(namelist); c++)
 238                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 239                                         fprintf(stderr, " %s",
 240                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 241                         fputc('\n', stderr);
 242                 } else
 243                         warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 244                 exit(1);
 245         }
 246
 247         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 248                 struct winsize winsize;
 249
 250                 /*
 251                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 252                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 253                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 254                  */
 255                 if (checkversion() < 0)
 256                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 257
 258
 259                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 260                 winsize.ws_row = 0;
 261                 ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
 262                 if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
 263                         winlines = winsize.ws_row;
 264
 265         }
 266
 267 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 268 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 269         if (*argv) {
 270                 interval = (u_int)(strtod(*argv, NULL) * 1000.0);
 271                 if (*++argv)
 272                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 273         }
 274 #endif
 275
 276         if (interval) {
 277                 if (!reps)
 278                         reps = -1;
 279         } else if (reps) {
 280                 interval = 1000;
 281         }
 282
 283 #ifdef notyet
 284         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 285                 doforkst();
 286 #endif
 287         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 288                 domem();
 289         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 290                 dozmem(interval, reps);
 291         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 292                 dosum();
 293 #ifdef notyet
 294         if (todo & TIMESTAT)
 295                 dotimes();
 296 #endif
 297         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 298                 dointr();
 299         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 300                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 301         exit(0);
 302 }
 303
 304 static char **
 305 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 306 {
 307         if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
 308                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 309
 310         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 311         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 312         bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 313         bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 314
 315         if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
 316                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 317
 318         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 319         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 320
 321         specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
 322         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 323                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 324                         break;
 325                 num_devices_specified++;
 326                 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
 327                                                      sizeof(char *) *
 328                                                      num_devices_specified);
 329                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 330         }
 331         dev_select = NULL;
 332
 333         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 334                         maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 335
 336         /*
 337          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 338          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 339          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 340          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 341          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 342          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 343          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 344          * those devices.
 345          */
 346         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 347                 if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 348                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 349
 350                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 351         } else
 352                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 353
 354         /*
 355          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 356          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 357          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 358          */
 359         if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 360                        &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 361                        num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 362                        num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 363                        maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 364                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 365
 366         return(argv);
 367 }
 368
 369 static long
 370 getuptime(void)
 371 {
 372         static time_t now, boottime;
 373         time_t uptime;
 374
 375         if (boottime == 0)
 376                 kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
 377         time(&now);
 378         uptime = now - boottime;
 379         if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
 380                 errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
 381         return(uptime);
 382 }
 383
 384 int     hdrcnt;
 385
 386 static void
 387 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
 388 {
 389         struct vmtotal total;
 390         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 391         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 392         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 393         size_t vmt_size = sizeof(total);
 394         int initial = 1;
 395         int dooutput = 1;
 396
 397         signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 398         if (reps != 0)
 399                 dooutput = 0;
 400
 401         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 402                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 403                         printhdr();
 404                 if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
 405                         err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
 406
 407                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 408                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 409                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 410                 last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
 411
 412                 /*
 413                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 414                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 415                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 416                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 417                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 418                  */
 419                 switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
 420                 case -1:
 421                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 422                         break;
 423                 case 1: {
 424                         int retval;
 425
 426                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 427                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 428
 429                         retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 430                                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 431                                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 432                                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 433                                             specified_devices,
 434                                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 435                                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 436                         switch (retval) {
 437                         case -1:
 438                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 439                                 break;
 440                         case 1:
 441                                 printhdr();
 442                                 break;
 443                         default:
 444                                 break;
 445                         }
 446                 }
 447                 default:
 448                         break;
 449                 }
 450
 451                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 452                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 453                         exit(1);
 454                 }
 455                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 456                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
 457                         exit(1);
 458                 }
 459                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
 460                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
 461                         exit(1);
 462                 }
 463                 if (dooutput) {
 464                         printf("%3ld %2ld %2ld",
 465                                total.t_rq - 1,
 466                                total.t_dw + total.t_pw,
 467                                total.t_sw);
 468                 }
 469
 470 #define rate(x)         \
 471         (intmax_t)(initial ? (x) : ((intmax_t)(x) * 1000 + interval / 2) \
 472                                    / interval)
 473
 474                 if (dooutput) {
 475                         printf(" %s ",
 476                                formatnum((int64_t)total.t_free *
 477                                          vms.v_page_size, 4));
 478                         printf("%s ",
 479                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_vm_faults -
 480                                               ovmm.v_vm_faults), 5));
 481                         printf("%s ",
 482                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_reactivated -
 483                                               ovmm.v_reactivated), 4));
 484                         printf("%s ",
 485                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
 486                                       (ovmm.v_swapin + ovmm.v_vnodein)), 4));
 487                         printf("%s ",
 488                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
 489                                     (ovmm.v_swapout + ovmm.v_vnodeout)), 4));
 490                         printf("%s ",
 491                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_tfree -
 492                                               ovmm.v_tfree), 4));
 493                 }
 494                 devstats(dooutput);
 495                 if (dooutput) {
 496                         printf("%s ",
 497                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_intr -
 498                                               ovmm.v_intr), 5));
 499                         printf("%s ",
 500                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_syscall -
 501                                               ovmm.v_syscall), 5));
 502                         printf("%s ",
 503                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swtch -
 504                                               ovmm.v_swtch), 5));
 505                         cpustats();
 506                         printf("\n");
 507                         fflush(stdout);
 508                 }
 509                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 510                         break;
 511                 ovmm = vmm;
 512                 usleep(interval * 1000);
 513                 initial = 0;
 514                 dooutput = 1;
 515         }
 516 }
 517
 518 static const char *
 519 formatnum(intmax_t value, int width)
 520 {
 521         static char buf[64];
 522         const char *fmt;
 523         double d;
 524
 525         d = (double)value;
 526         fmt = "n/a";
 527
 528         switch(width) {
 529         case 4:
 530                 if (value < 1024) {
 531                         fmt = "%4.0f";
 532                 } else if (value < 10*1024) {
 533                         fmt = "%3.1fK";
 534                         d = d / 1024;
 535                 } else if (value < 1000*1024) {
 536                         fmt = "%3.0fK";
 537                         d = d / 1024;
 538                 } else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
 539                         fmt = "%3.1fM";
 540                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 541                 } else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
 542                         fmt = "%3.0fM";
 543                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 544                 } else {
 545                         fmt = "%3.1fG";
 546                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 547                 }
 548                 break;
 549         case 5:
 550                 if (value < 1024) {
 551                         fmt = "%5.0f";
 552                 } else if (value < 10*1024) {
 553                         fmt = "%4.2fK";
 554                         d = d / 1024;
 555                 } else if (value < 1000*1024) {
 556                         fmt = "%4.0fK";
 557                         d = d / 1024;
 558                 } else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
 559                         fmt = "%4.2fM";
 560                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 561                 } else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
 562                         fmt = "%4.0fM";
 563                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 564                 } else {
 565                         fmt = "%4.2fG";
 566                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 567                 }
 568                 break;
 569         default:
 570                 fprintf(stderr, "formatnum: unsupported width %d\n", width);
 571                 exit(1);
 572                 break;
 573         }
 574         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, d);
 575         return buf;
 576 }
 577
 578 static void
 579 printhdr(void)
 580 {
 581         int i, num_shown;
 582
 583         num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
 584         printf("--procs-- ---memory-- -------paging------ ");
 585         if (num_shown > 1)
 586                 printf("--disks%.*s",
 587                        num_shown * 4 - 6,
 588                        "---------------------------------");
 589         else if (num_shown == 1)
 590                 printf("disk");
 591         printf(" -----faults------ ---cpu---\n");
 592         printf("  r  b  w   fre   flt   re   pi   po   fr ");
 593         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 594                 if ((dev_select[i].selected)
 595                  && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 596                         printf(" %c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
 597                                      dev_select[i].device_name[1],
 598                                      dev_select[i].unit_number);
 599         printf("  int   sys   ctx us sy id\n");
 600         hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
 601 }
 602
 603 /*
 604  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 605  */
 606 static void
 607 needhdr(__unused int signo)
 608 {
 609
 610         hdrcnt = 1;
 611 }
 612
 613 static long
 614 pct(long top, long bot)
 615 {
 616         long ans;
 617
 618         if (bot == 0)
 619                 return(0);
 620         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 621         return (ans);
 622 }
 623
 624 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 625
 626 static void
 627 dosum(void)
 628 {
 629         struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
 630         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 631         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 632         int cpucnt;
 633         u_long nchtotal;
 634         u_long nchpathtotal;
 635         size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
 636
 637         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 638                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 639                 exit(1);
 640         }
 641         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 642                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 643                 exit(1);
 644         }
 645         printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
 646         printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
 647         printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
 648         printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
 649         printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
 650         printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
 651         printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
 652         printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
 653         printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
 654         printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
 655         printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
 656         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
 657         printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
 658         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
 659         printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
 660         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
 661         printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
 662         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
 663         printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
 664         printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
 665         printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
 666         printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
 667         printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
 668         printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
 669         printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
 670         printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
 671         printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
 672         printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
 673         printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
 674         printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
 675         printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
 676         printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
 677         printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
 678         printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
 679         printf("%9u pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
 680         printf("%9u pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
 681         printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
 682         printf("%9u pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
 683         printf("%9u pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
 684         printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
 685         printf("%9u global smp invltlbs\n", vmm.v_smpinvltlb);
 686
 687         if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
 688                 perror("malloc");
 689                 exit(1);
 690         } else {
 691                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
 692                         perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
 693                         free(nch_tmp);
 694                         exit(1);
 695                 } else {
 696                         if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
 697                                 perror("realloc");
 698                                 exit(1);
 699                         }
 700                 }
 701         }
 702
 703         cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
 704         kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
 705
 706         nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
 707             nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
 708             nchstats.ncs_miss;
 709         nchpathtotal = nchstats.ncs_longhits + nchstats.ncs_longmiss;
 710         printf("%9ld total path lookups\n", nchpathtotal);
 711         printf("%9ld total component lookups\n", nchtotal);
 712         printf(
 713             "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg)\n",
 714             "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
 715             PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal));
 716         printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%\n", "",
 717             PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
 718             PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal));
 719         free(nch_tmp);
 720 }
 721
 722 #ifdef notyet
 723 void
 724 doforkst(void)
 725 {
 726         struct forkstat fks;
 727
 728         kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
 729         printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 730             fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
 731         printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 732             fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
 733 }
 734 #endif
 735
 736 static void
 737 devstats(int dooutput)
 738 {
 739         int dn;
 740         long double transfers_per_second;
 741         long double busy_seconds;
 742
 743         diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
 744         diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
 745         diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
 746         diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
 747         diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
 748         old_cp_time = cp_time;
 749
 750         busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
 751
 752         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
 753                 int di;
 754
 755                 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
 756                  || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
 757                         continue;
 758
 759                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
 760
 761                 if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
 762                                   &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
 763                                   NULL, NULL, NULL,
 764                                   NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
 765                                   NULL, NULL) != 0)
 766                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 767
 768                 if (dooutput)
 769                         printf("%s ", formatnum(transfers_per_second, 4));
 770         }
 771 }
 772
 773 static void
 774 cpustats(void)
 775 {
 776         uint64_t total;
 777         double totusage;
 778
 779         total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
 780             diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
 781
 782         if (total)
 783                 totusage = 100.0 / total;
 784         else
 785                 totusage = 0;
 786         printf("%2.0f ",
 787                (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
 788         printf("%2.0f ",
 789                (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
 790         printf("%2.0f",
 791                diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
 792 }
 793
 794 static void
 795 dointr(void)
 796 {
 797         u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
 798         u_int64_t inttotal;
 799         size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
 800         int nwidth;
 801         char *intrstr;
 802         char **intrname;
 803
 804         uptime = getuptime();
 805         if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
 806                 errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
 807         intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
 808         if (intrstr == NULL)
 809                 err(1, "malloc");
 810         sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
 811         for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
 812                 if (intrstr[i] == 0)
 813                         nintr++;
 814         }
 815         intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
 816         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 817                 intrname[i] = intrstr;
 818                 intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
 819         }
 820
 821         size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
 822         intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(*intrcnt));
 823         if (intrcnt == NULL)
 824                 err(1, "malloc");
 825         sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
 826
 827         nwidth = 21;
 828         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 829                 if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
 830                         nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
 831         }
 832         if (verbose) nwidth += 12;
 833
 834         printf("%-*.*s %11s %10s\n",
 835                 nwidth, nwidth, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
 836         inttotal = 0;
 837         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 838                 int named;
 839                 char *infop, irqinfo[72];
 840
 841                 if ((named = strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3)) != 0 ||
 842                     intrcnt[i] > 0) {
 843                         infop = intrname[i];
 844                         if (verbose) {
 845                                 ssize_t irq, cpu;
 846
 847                                 irq = i % MAX_INTS;
 848                                 cpu = i / MAX_INTS;
 849                                 if (named) {
 850                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 851                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: %s",
 852                                                  irq, cpu, intrname[i]);
 853                                 } else {
 854                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 855                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: ", irq, cpu);
 856                                 }
 857                                 infop = irqinfo;
 858                         }
 859                         printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
 860                                 nwidth, nwidth, infop,
 861                                 intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
 862                 }
 863                 inttotal += intrcnt[i];
 864         }
 865         printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
 866                 nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
 867                 (long long)inttotal, (long long)(inttotal / uptime));
 868 }
 869
 870 #define MAX_KMSTATS     1024
 871
 872 enum ksuse { KSINUSE, KSMEMUSE };
 873
 874 static long
 875 cpuagg(struct malloc_type *ks, enum ksuse use)
 876 {
 877     int i;
 878     long ttl;
 879
 880     ttl = 0;
 881
 882     switch(use) {
 883     case KSINUSE:
 884         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 885             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].inuse;
 886         break;
 887     case KSMEMUSE:
 888         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 889             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].memuse;
 890         break;
 891     }
 892     return(ttl);
 893 }
 894
 895 static void
 896 domem(void)
 897 {
 898         struct malloc_type *ks;
 899         int i, j;
 900         int first, nkms;
 901         long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
 902         struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
 903         char buf[1024];
 904
 905         kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
 906         for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
 907                 if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
 908                     &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
 909                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
 910                 if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
 911                     (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
 912                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
 913                             kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
 914                 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 915                 kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
 916                 kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
 917         }
 918         if (kmsp != NULL)
 919                 warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
 920
 921         printf(
 922             "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
 923         printf(
 924 "              Type   InUse  MemUse HighUse       Limit  Requests  Limit Limit\n");
 925         for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
 926                 if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
 927                         continue;
 928                 printf("%19s%7ld%7ldK%7ldK%11zuK%10jd%5u%6u",
 929                     ks->ks_shortdesc,
 930                     cpuagg(ks, KSINUSE), (cpuagg(ks, KSMEMUSE) + 1023) / 1024,
 931                     (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
 932                     (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, (intmax_t)ks->ks_calls,
 933                     ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
 934                 first = 1;
 935                 for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
 936                         if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
 937                                 continue;
 938                         if (first)
 939                                 printf("  ");
 940                         else
 941                                 printf(",");
 942                         if(j<1024)
 943                                 printf("%d",j);
 944                         else
 945                                 printf("%dK",j>>10);
 946                         first = 0;
 947                 }
 948                 printf("\n");
 949                 totuse += cpuagg(ks, KSMEMUSE);
 950                 totreq += ks->ks_calls;
 951         }
 952         printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
 953         printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
 954              (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
 955 }
 956
 957 #define MAXSAVE 16
 958
 959 static void
 960 dozmem(u_int interval, int reps)
 961 {
 962         struct zlist    zlist;
 963         struct vm_zone  *kz;
 964         struct vm_zone  zone;
 965         struct vm_zone  copy;
 966         struct vm_zone  save[MAXSAVE];
 967         char name[64];
 968         size_t namesz;
 969         int i;
 970         int first = 1;
 971
 972         bzero(save, sizeof(save));
 973
 974 again:
 975         kread(X_ZLIST, &zlist, sizeof(zlist));
 976         kz = LIST_FIRST(&zlist);
 977         i = 0;
 978
 979         while (kz) {
 980                 if (kvm_read(kd, (intptr_t)kz, &zone, sizeof(zone)) !=
 981                     (ssize_t)sizeof(zone)) {
 982                         perror("kvm_read");
 983                         break;
 984                 }
 985                 copy = zone;
 986                 zone.znalloc -= save[i].znalloc;
 987                 save[i] = copy;
 988                 namesz = sizeof(name);
 989                 if (kvm_readstr(kd, (intptr_t)zone.zname, name, &namesz) == NULL) {
 990                         perror("kvm_read");
 991                         break;
 992                 }
 993                 if (first && interval) {
 994                         /* do nothing */
 995                 } else if (zone.zmax) {
 996                         printf("%-10s %9ld/%9ld %5ldM used"
 997                                " use=%-9lu %6.2f%%\n",
 998                                 name,
 999                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt),
1000                                 (long)zone.zmax,
1001                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt) *
1002                                         zone.zsize / (1024 * 1024),
1003                                 (unsigned long)zone.znalloc,
1004                                 (double)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt) *
1005                                         100.0 / (double)zone.zmax);
1006                 } else {
1007                         printf("%-10s %9ld           %5ldM used"
1008                                " use=%-9lu\n",
1009                                 name,
1010                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt),
1011                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt) *
1012                                         zone.zsize / (1024 * 1024),
1013                                 (unsigned long)zone.znalloc);
1014                 }
1015                 kz = LIST_NEXT(&zone, zlink);
1016                 ++i;
1017         }
1018         if (reps) {
1019                 first = 0;
1020                 fflush(stdout);
1021                 usleep(interval * 1000);
1022                 --reps;
1023                 printf("\n");
1024                 goto again;
1025         }
1026 }
1027
1028 /*
1029  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1030  */
1031 static void
1032 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1033 {
1034         const char *sym;
1035
1036         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1037                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1038                 if (*sym == '_')
1039                         ++sym;
1040                 errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1041         }
1042         if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
1043                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1044                 if (*sym == '_')
1045                         ++sym;
1046                 errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1047         }
1048 }
1049
1050 static void
1051 usage(void)
1052 {
1053         fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
1054                 "usage: vmstat [-imsvz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
1055                 "              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
1056         exit(1);
1057 }