1 # @(#)northamerica 7.79
2 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
4 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
6 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
9 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
10 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
12 ###############################################################################
16 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
17 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
18 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
19 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
20 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
21 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
22 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
23 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
24 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
25 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
27 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
28 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
29 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
31 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
32 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
33 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
34 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
35 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
36 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US and Puerto Rico entries below.
38 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
39 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
40 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
41 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
42 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
44 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
45 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
46 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
47 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
48 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
49 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
50 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
51 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
52 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
53 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
55 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
56 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
58 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
59 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
60 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
61 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
63 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
64 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
65 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
66 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
68 # From Arthur David Olson:
69 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
70 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
71 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
73 # From Arthur David Olson:
74 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
75 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
77 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
78 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
79 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
80 # An AltaVista search turned up
81 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
82 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
83 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
84 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
86 # From Joseph Gallant citing
87 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
88 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
89 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
90 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
91 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
92 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
93 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
94 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
96 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
97 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
99 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
100 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
101 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
102 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
103 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
106 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
107 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
108 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
109 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
111 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
113 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
114 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
115 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
116 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
117 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
119 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
120 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
121 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
122 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
123 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
124 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
125 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
126 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
127 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
128 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
129 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
130 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
134 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
135 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
137 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
138 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
139 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
140 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
142 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
143 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
144 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
146 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
147 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
148 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
150 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
151 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
152 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
153 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
154 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
155 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
156 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
157 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
158 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
159 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
160 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
161 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
162 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
163 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
164 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
166 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
167 # The above dates are for 1988.
168 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
169 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
172 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
173 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
174 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
175 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
176 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
178 # United States standard eastern time
179 # United States standard mountain time
180 # United States standard central time
181 # United States standard Pacific time
183 # United States standard Alaska time
185 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
186 # public law 98-181):
187 # Atlantic standard time
188 # eastern standard time
189 # central standard time
190 # mountain standard time
191 # Pacific standard time
192 # Yukon standard time
193 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
194 # Bering standard time
195 # And after 1983-11-30:
196 # Atlantic standard time
197 # eastern standard time
198 # central standard time
199 # mountain standard time
200 # Pacific standard time
201 # Alaska standard time
202 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
203 # Samoa standard time
204 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
206 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
207 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
208 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
209 # See the file "australasia".
211 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
212 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
214 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
215 # (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
216 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
217 # (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
218 # Sunday of March'; and
219 # (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
220 # Sunday of November'.
221 # (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
222 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
223 # (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
224 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
225 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
227 # (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
228 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
229 # Department study is complete.
231 # US eastern time, represented by New York
233 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
234 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
235 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
236 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
237 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
238 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
240 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
241 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
242 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
243 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
244 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
245 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
247 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
248 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
249 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
250 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
251 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
252 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
253 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
254 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
261 # US central time, represented by Chicago
263 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
264 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
265 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
266 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
267 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
268 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
269 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
270 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
272 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
273 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
274 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
275 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
276 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
277 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
278 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
279 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
280 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
282 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
283 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
284 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
286 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
288 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
289 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
290 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
293 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
295 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
296 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
297 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
298 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
299 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
301 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
302 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
303 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
304 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
305 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
306 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
307 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
308 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
310 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
312 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
315 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
317 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
318 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties),
319 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
321 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
322 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
323 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
324 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
325 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
326 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
327 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
328 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
334 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
336 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
337 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
338 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
339 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
340 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
341 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
342 # the Julian calendar.
344 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
345 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
346 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
347 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
348 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
349 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
351 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
352 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
353 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
357 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
358 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
360 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
361 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
365 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
367 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
368 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
370 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946
371 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
373 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
374 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
376 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
377 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
380 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
382 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
383 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
385 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
386 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
389 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
391 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
392 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
394 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
396 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
397 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
398 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
400 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
401 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
402 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
403 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
404 # possibly until 1983:
406 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
407 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
408 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
409 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
410 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
411 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
412 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
413 # three votes for and one against."
417 # From Arthur David Olson:
418 # And then there's Hawaii.
419 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
420 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
421 # it's always standard as of 1986.
424 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
426 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
427 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
428 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
429 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
432 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
434 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
436 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
438 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
439 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
440 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
441 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
442 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
443 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
444 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
445 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
446 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
447 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
448 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
449 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
450 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
452 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
453 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
455 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
456 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
457 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
458 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
460 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
462 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
463 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
464 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
465 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
466 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
467 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
469 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
471 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
472 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
473 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
474 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
475 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties) and eastern Oregon
476 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
478 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
479 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
480 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
482 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
487 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
488 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
489 # What time is it in Indiana?
492 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-22):
493 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
494 # with the following exceptions:
496 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
497 # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
499 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
501 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
502 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
504 # - Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties have their own time zone
505 # histories as noted below.
507 # Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
508 # and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
509 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
511 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
512 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
513 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
515 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
516 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006,
517 # and that many counties may switch either to Central or to Eastern time.
518 # The county-by-county decisions have not been made yet, so for now assume
519 # that no counties will switch: this assumption is most likely wrong,
520 # but it's the best we can do for now.
522 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
523 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
524 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
525 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
526 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
527 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
529 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
531 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
532 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
533 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
539 # Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975,
540 # and left its clocks alone in 1974.
541 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
542 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
543 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
544 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
545 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
546 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
547 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
549 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
551 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
552 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
557 # Starke County, Indiana
558 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
559 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
560 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
562 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
563 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
564 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
565 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
566 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
567 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
568 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
569 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
571 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
572 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
573 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
577 # Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972.
578 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
579 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
580 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
586 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
587 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
588 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
589 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
590 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
591 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
592 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
593 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
594 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
595 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
596 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
597 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
599 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
601 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
603 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
604 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
607 # Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
610 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
611 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
612 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
613 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
614 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
615 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
616 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
617 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
618 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
619 # location in the Central time zone.
621 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
622 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
623 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
624 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
625 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
627 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
628 # The final rule was published in the
629 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
630 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
633 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
636 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
640 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
641 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
642 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
643 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
644 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
645 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
646 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
647 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
649 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
650 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
651 # so omit that change for now.
652 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
653 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
654 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
655 # 1999-10-31. See the
656 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
657 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
659 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
660 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
661 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
665 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
666 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
668 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
669 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
670 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
673 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
674 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
675 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
676 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
677 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
678 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
681 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
683 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
684 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
685 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
686 # info, so omit this for now.
688 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
689 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
690 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
691 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
692 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
693 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
694 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
695 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
696 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
699 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
701 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
704 # The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
705 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
706 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
707 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
708 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
709 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
710 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
711 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
713 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
714 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
718 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
719 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
720 # also claimed by Haiti
721 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
722 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
723 # currently uninhabited
724 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
725 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
726 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
728 ################################################################################
731 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
732 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
733 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
734 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
736 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
737 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
738 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
739 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
740 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
742 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
743 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
745 # Other sources occasionally used include:
747 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
748 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
749 # which I found in the UCLA library.
751 # <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
752 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
755 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
759 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
760 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
761 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
763 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
764 # offset French English French English
775 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
776 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
778 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
779 # C: du Centre Central
780 # E: de l'Est Eastern
783 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
788 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
789 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
791 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks.
793 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
794 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
795 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm">
796 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
797 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
798 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
800 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has
801 # <a href="http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html">
802 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
803 # </a> (updated periodically).
804 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
806 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
807 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
808 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
809 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
810 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
811 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
812 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
813 Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
814 Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
817 # Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador)
819 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
820 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
821 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
822 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
823 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
825 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
826 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
827 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
828 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks.
829 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
830 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
831 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks.
832 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
833 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
834 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks.
835 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
836 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
837 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
838 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
839 # but go with Shanks and assume they used Canadian rules.
840 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
841 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks.
842 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
843 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
844 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
845 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
846 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
847 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
848 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
849 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
850 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
851 Rule StJohns 1987 max - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
852 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
853 Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
854 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
855 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
856 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
857 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
858 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
859 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
860 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
861 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
864 # most of east Labrador
866 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
867 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
868 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
870 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
871 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
873 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
874 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
875 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
879 # west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
881 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
882 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax.
883 # Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
884 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
885 # Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
886 # DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
888 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
889 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, New Brunswick switches
890 # at 00:01 local time. FIXME: verify and create a new Zone for this.
893 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
894 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
895 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
896 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
897 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
898 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
899 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
900 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
901 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
902 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
903 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
904 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
905 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
906 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
907 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
908 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
909 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
910 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
911 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
912 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
913 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
914 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
915 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
916 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
917 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
918 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
919 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
920 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
921 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
922 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
923 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
924 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
925 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
926 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
927 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
928 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
929 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
930 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
931 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
932 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
933 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
934 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
935 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
936 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
937 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
938 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
939 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
940 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
941 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
943 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
944 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
945 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
947 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
953 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
954 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like Toronto,
955 # and most of Quebec has been like Montreal.
956 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
957 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
958 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
959 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
961 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
962 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
963 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
964 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
965 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
966 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
967 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
968 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
969 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
972 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
974 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
975 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
976 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
977 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
978 # He also writes that the
979 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
980 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
982 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
983 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
984 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
985 # For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
986 # Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
988 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
989 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
990 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
991 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
992 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
993 # They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to
994 # observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT,
995 # and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
996 # We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan,
997 # but we don't know when their practices started.
999 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1000 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1001 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1002 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1003 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1004 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1005 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1006 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1007 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1008 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1009 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1010 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1011 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1012 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1013 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1014 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1015 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1016 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1017 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1018 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1019 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1020 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1021 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1022 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1023 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1024 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1025 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1026 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1027 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1029 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1030 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1031 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1032 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1033 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1034 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1035 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1036 # Shanks says 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16" was meant.
1037 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1038 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1039 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1040 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1041 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1042 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1043 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1044 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1045 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1046 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1047 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1048 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1049 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1050 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1051 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1052 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1053 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1054 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1055 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1056 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1057 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1058 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1059 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1060 # Shanks says Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971, namely on 1971-10-24,
1061 # but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that he checked the 1971-10-30 issue
1062 # of the Toronto Star, and it said that DST ended 1971-10-31 as usual.
1063 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1065 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1066 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1067 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1068 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1069 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1071 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1072 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1073 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1074 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1075 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1076 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1077 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1078 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1079 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1080 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1081 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1083 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1084 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1085 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1086 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1087 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1088 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1089 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1091 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1092 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1093 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1094 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1095 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1097 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1100 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1101 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
1104 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1105 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1106 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1108 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
1109 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1110 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1116 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1117 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1118 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1119 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1120 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1121 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1122 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1123 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1124 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1125 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1126 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1127 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1128 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1129 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1130 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1131 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1132 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1133 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1134 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1135 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1136 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1137 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1138 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1139 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1140 Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1141 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1142 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Manitoba switches from
1143 # DST at 03:00 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1144 Rule Winn 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1145 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1146 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1152 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1153 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1154 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1155 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1156 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1157 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1158 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1159 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1162 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1163 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1164 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1166 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1167 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
1168 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1169 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1170 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1171 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1173 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1174 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1175 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1176 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1177 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1179 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1180 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1181 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1182 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1184 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1185 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1186 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1187 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1188 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1189 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1190 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1192 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1193 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1194 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1195 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1196 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1197 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1199 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1200 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1201 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1202 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1203 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1204 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1205 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1206 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1207 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1208 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1209 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1210 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1211 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1212 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1213 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1214 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1215 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1216 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1218 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1219 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1220 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1221 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1222 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1223 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1224 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1225 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1227 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1228 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1229 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1230 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1236 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1237 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1238 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1239 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1240 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1241 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1242 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1243 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1244 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1245 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1246 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1247 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1248 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1249 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1250 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1251 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1252 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1253 Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1254 Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1255 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1256 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1262 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1263 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
1264 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1265 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1267 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1268 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1269 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1270 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1271 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1272 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1273 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1274 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1275 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1276 Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1277 Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1278 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1279 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1281 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1282 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1283 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1287 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1289 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
1290 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1291 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1292 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1293 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1294 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1295 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1296 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1297 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1298 # Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander.
1300 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1301 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1302 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1303 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1306 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1307 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1308 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1310 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1311 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1312 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1313 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1314 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1315 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1317 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1318 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1319 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1321 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1323 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1324 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1326 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1328 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1330 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1331 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1332 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1333 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1334 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1335 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1336 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1337 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1338 # the current state of affairs.
1340 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1341 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1342 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1343 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1344 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1345 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1346 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1348 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1349 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1350 # for these potential new Zones.
1352 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1353 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1354 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1355 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1356 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1357 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1358 # required to use daylight savings.
1361 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1362 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1363 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1364 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1365 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1366 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1367 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1368 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1369 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1370 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1371 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1372 # unified time zone in 1999.
1374 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1375 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1377 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1378 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1380 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1381 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1382 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1383 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1384 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1385 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1386 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1388 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1390 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1391 # According to maps at
1392 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1393 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1394 # (both dated 2003), and
1395 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1396 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1397 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1398 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1399 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1400 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1401 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1403 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1404 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1405 # daylight saving only during wartime.
1407 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1408 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1409 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1410 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1411 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1412 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1413 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1414 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1415 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1416 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1417 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1418 Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1419 Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1420 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1421 Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
1422 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1423 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1424 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1426 Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
1427 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1428 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1430 Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884
1431 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946
1433 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
1434 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1435 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1437 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
1438 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1439 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1440 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1441 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1443 Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
1445 Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
1446 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1448 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1449 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1451 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1452 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1456 ###############################################################################
1460 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1461 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1462 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1463 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1464 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1467 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks and the MLoC.
1468 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1469 # Shanks reports that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1470 # Shanks says the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1471 # Shanks reports no DST during summer 1931.
1472 # Shanks reports a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1473 # Shanks does not report transitions for Baja in 1945 or 1948.
1474 # Shanks reports southern Mexico transitions on 1981-12-01, not 12-23.
1475 # Shanks says Quintana Roo switched to -6:00 on 1982-12-02, and to -5:00
1476 # on 1997-10-26 at 02:00.
1478 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1479 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1480 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1481 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1482 # the relevant documents.
1484 # From Paul Eggert (2000-07-26):
1485 # Shanks gives 1942-04-01 instead of 1942-04-24, and omits the 1981
1486 # and 1988 DST experiments. Go with spin.com.mx.
1488 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
1489 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1490 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1492 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1494 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1495 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1497 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1498 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1499 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1500 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1502 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1503 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1508 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1513 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1515 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1516 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1517 # For an English translation of the decree, see
1518 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
1519 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
1522 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1523 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
1524 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
1526 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
1527 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
1528 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
1529 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
1530 # Arizona year round.
1532 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
1533 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
1534 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
1535 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
1536 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
1539 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
1540 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
1542 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
1543 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
1545 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
1546 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
1547 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
1549 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
1550 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
1551 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
1552 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
1553 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
1554 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
1555 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
1556 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
1558 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
1559 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
1560 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
1561 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
1563 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
1565 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
1566 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
1568 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
1569 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
1570 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
1571 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
1572 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
1573 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
1575 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
1577 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
1578 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
1579 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
1580 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
1581 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
1582 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
1583 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
1584 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
1585 # September 30, 2001.
1586 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
1587 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
1589 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
1590 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
1591 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
1592 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
1593 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
1594 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
1595 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
1596 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
1598 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
1599 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
1600 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
1601 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
1602 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
1604 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1605 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
1606 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
1607 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
1608 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
1609 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
1610 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
1611 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
1612 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
1613 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1614 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1615 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1616 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1617 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1618 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1619 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1621 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
1622 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1623 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
1626 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
1627 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1628 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
1630 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
1631 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
1636 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
1637 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1638 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1639 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1640 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1641 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1642 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
1643 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
1646 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
1647 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1648 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1649 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1650 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1651 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1653 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
1654 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
1657 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
1658 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1659 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1660 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1661 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1662 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1663 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1664 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1666 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
1668 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
1669 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
1670 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1671 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1672 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1673 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1674 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1675 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1676 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1680 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
1682 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1683 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
1684 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
1685 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
1686 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
1687 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Nov 12
1688 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
1689 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
1694 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
1695 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
1697 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1698 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
1699 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
1700 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks. However, Guy Harris reports
1701 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
1702 # Tijuana observe DST," which contradicts Shanks but does imply that
1703 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
1704 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
1705 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
1706 # name or contents should be.
1711 ###############################################################################
1714 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1715 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1718 # Antigua and Barbuda
1719 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1720 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1725 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1726 Rule Bahamas 1964 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1727 Rule Bahamas 1964 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1728 Rule Bahamas 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1729 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1730 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1734 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1735 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
1736 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1737 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
1738 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1739 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
1740 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1741 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
1742 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
1746 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks.
1747 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1748 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
1749 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
1750 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
1751 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
1752 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
1753 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
1754 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1755 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
1759 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1760 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
1761 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1765 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1766 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
1767 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1771 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1772 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1773 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1774 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1775 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00; go with Shanks.
1776 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
1777 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
1778 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
1779 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1780 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
1781 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
1784 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
1788 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
1789 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
1790 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
1791 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
1792 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
1793 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
1794 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
1795 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
1796 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
1797 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
1799 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
1800 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
1801 # From Paul Eggert (2004-10-28):
1802 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
1803 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
1804 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
1805 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
1806 # For now, let's assume that it's a one-year temporary measure.
1808 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1809 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
1810 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
1811 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1812 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1813 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1814 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1815 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1816 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1817 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
1818 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1819 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
1820 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1821 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
1822 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1823 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1824 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
1825 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1826 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
1827 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1828 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1829 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
1830 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
1831 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1832 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
1833 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
1834 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
1835 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
1836 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
1837 Rule Cuba 2000 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
1838 Rule Cuba 2005 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
1840 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1841 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
1842 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
1846 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1847 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
1850 # Dominican Republic
1852 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
1853 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
1854 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
1855 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
1857 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1858 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
1860 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
1861 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
1862 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
1863 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
1864 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
1865 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
1866 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
1867 # decided to revert.
1870 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1871 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
1872 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
1873 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
1874 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
1875 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
1876 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
1877 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1878 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
1879 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
1880 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
1881 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
1882 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
1886 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1887 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1888 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1889 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
1890 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
1891 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1892 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
1896 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1897 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
1901 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1902 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
1906 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1907 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
1908 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
1909 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
1910 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1911 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
1912 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
1913 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1914 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
1918 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
1919 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
1920 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
1921 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
1922 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
1923 # </a>. Translated from French, it says:
1925 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
1926 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
1927 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
1928 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
1929 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
1931 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
1932 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
1933 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
1936 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
1938 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1939 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
1940 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1941 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1942 # Shanks says AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s. Go with IATA.
1943 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
1944 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
1945 Rule Haiti 2005 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1946 Rule Haiti 2005 only - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1947 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1948 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
1949 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
1953 # Shanks says 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
1954 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1955 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
1958 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
1962 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1965 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
1966 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
1969 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1970 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
1971 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1972 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1977 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1978 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
1979 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
1980 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
1981 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
1985 # From Paul Eggert (1997-08-31):
1986 # Recent volcanic eruptions have forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
1987 # Luckily, Olveston, the current de facto capital, has the same longitude.
1988 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1989 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Olveston
1994 # From Steffen Thorsen (1998-12-29):
1995 # Nicaragua seems to be back at -6:00 but I have not been able to find when
1996 # they changed from -5:00.
1998 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
1999 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
2000 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
2001 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
2002 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
2003 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
2004 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
2005 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
2006 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
2008 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
2009 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
2010 # assume that it is daylight saving and that they'll switch back on the
2011 # 3rd Sunday in September.
2013 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
2014 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
2015 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
2016 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
2017 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
2018 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
2019 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
2020 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
2021 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
2022 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
2024 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2025 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
2026 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
2027 Rule Nic 1992 only - Jan 1 4:00 1:00 D
2028 Rule Nic 1992 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
2029 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
2030 Rule Nic 2005 only - Sep 18 0:00 0 S
2031 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2032 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
2033 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
2034 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
2035 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
2036 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1993 Jan 1 4:00
2037 -5:00 - EST 1998 Dec
2041 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2042 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
2043 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
2047 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
2048 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2049 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
2050 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
2051 -4:00 1:00 AWT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
2055 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2056 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
2060 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2061 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
2062 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
2065 # St Pierre and Miquelon
2066 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
2067 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2068 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
2069 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
2070 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
2073 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
2074 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2075 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
2076 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
2080 # From Paul Eggert (1998-08-06):
2081 # Shanks says they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
2082 # says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
2083 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2084 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2085 Rule TC 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2086 Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2087 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2088 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
2089 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2093 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2094 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
2098 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2099 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
projects / dragonfly.git / blob