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32 .\" @(#)netstat.1 8.8 (Berkeley) 4/18/94
33 .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/netstat/netstat.1,v 1.22.2.13 2003/05/03 22:10:02 keramida Exp $
34 .\" $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/netstat/netstat.1,v 1.4 2004/03/08 22:41:05 dillon Exp $
41 .Nd show network status
45 command symbolically displays the contents of various network-related
47 There are a number of output formats,
48 depending on the options for the information presented.
49 .Bl -tag -width indent
54 .Op Fl f Ar protocol_family | Fl p Ar protocol
59 Display a list of active sockets
60 (protocol control blocks)
61 for each network protocol,
69 show the address of a protocol control block (PCB)
70 associated with a socket; used for debugging.
74 show the state of all sockets;
75 normally sockets used by server processes are not shown.
79 show the size of the various listen queues.
80 The first count shows the number of unaccepted connections,
81 the second count shows the amount of unaccepted incomplete connections,
82 and the third count is the maximum number of queued connections.
86 show network addresses as numbers (as with
88 but show ports symbolically.
92 .Fl i | I Ar interface
94 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
99 Show the state of all network interfaces or a single
101 which have been auto-configured
102 (interfaces statically configured into a system, but not
103 located at boot time are not shown).
106 after an interface name indicates that the interface is
110 is also present, multicast addresses currently in use are shown
111 for each Ethernet interface and for each IP interface address.
112 Multicast addresses are shown on separate lines following the interface
113 address with which they are associated.
116 is also present, show the number of bytes in and out.
119 is also present, show the number of dropped packets.
122 is also present, show the contents of watchdog timers.
125 is also present, the maximum buffer sizes are displayed instead
126 of current buffer usage.
131 .Op Fl I Ar interface
140 display the information regarding packet
141 traffic on all configured network interfaces
146 is also present, show the number of dropped packets.
152 .Op Fl f Ar protocol_family | Fl p Ar protocol
157 Display system-wide statistics for each network protocol,
159 .Ar protocol_family ,
164 is repeated, counters with a value of zero are suppressed.
167 is also present, reset statistic counters after displaying them.
171 .Fl i | I Ar interface Fl s
172 .Op Fl f Ar protocol_family | Fl p Ar protocol
177 Display per-interface statistics for each network protocol,
179 .Ar protocol_family ,
190 Show statistics recorded by the memory management routines
192 The network manages a private pool of memory buffers.
198 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
203 Display the contents of all routing tables,
204 or a routing table for a particular
209 show the contents of the internal Patricia tree
210 structures; used for debugging.
214 show protocol-cloned routes
215 (routes generated by an
218 normally these routes are not shown.
235 Display routing statistics.
238 is repeated, counters with a value of zero are suppressed.
244 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
249 Show information related to multicast (group address) routing.
250 By default, show the IP Multicast virtual-interface and routing tables.
256 .Op Fl f Ar address_family
261 Show multicast routing statistics.
264 is repeated, counters with a value of zero are suppressed.
267 Some options have the general meaning:
269 .It Fl f Ar address_family , Fl p Ar protocol
270 Limit display to those records
275 The following address families and protocols are recognized:
277 .Bl -tag -width ".Cm netgraph , ng Pq Dv AF_NETGRAPH" -compact
280 .It Cm inet Pq Dv AF_INET
281 .Cm bdg , divert , icmp , igmp , ip , ipsec , pim , tcp , udp
282 .It Cm inet6 Pq Dv AF_INET6
283 .Cm bdg , icmp6 , ip6 , ipsec6 , rip6 , tcp , udp
284 .It Cm pfkey Pq Dv PF_KEY
286 .It Cm atalk Pq Dv AF_APPLETALK
288 .It Cm netgraph , ng Pq Dv AF_NETGRAPH
290 .It Cm ipx Pq Dv AF_IPX
292 .\".It Cm ns Pq Dv AF_NS
293 .\".Cm idp , ns_err , spp
294 .\".It Cm iso Pq Dv AF_ISO
295 .\".Cm clnp , cltp , esis , tp
296 .It Cm unix Pq Dv AF_UNIX
297 .It Cm link Pq Dv AF_LINK
300 The program will complain if
302 is unknown or if there is no statistics routine for it.
306 option is equivalent to
309 Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core
310 instead of the default
313 Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default,
314 which is the kernel image the system has booted from.
316 Show network addresses and ports as numbers.
319 attempts to resolve addresses and ports,
320 and display them symbolically.
322 In certain displays, avoid truncating addresses even if this causes
323 some fields to overflow.
326 The default display, for active sockets, shows the local
327 and remote addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), protocol,
328 and the internal state of the protocol.
329 Address formats are of the form
333 if a socket's address specifies a network but no specific host address.
334 When known, the host and network addresses are displayed symbolically
335 according to the databases
340 If a symbolic name for an address is unknown, or if
343 option is specified, the address is printed numerically, according
344 to the address family.
345 For more information regarding
353 addresses and ports appear as
356 The interface display provides a table of cumulative
357 statistics regarding packets transferred, errors, and collisions.
358 The network addresses of the interface
359 and the maximum transmission unit
363 The routing table display indicates the available routes and their status.
364 Each route consists of a destination host or network, and a gateway to use
365 in forwarding packets.
366 The flags field shows a collection of information about the route stored
368 The individual flags are discussed in more detail in the
373 The mapping between letters and flags is:
374 .Bl -column ".Li W" ".Dv RTF_WASCLONED"
375 .It Li 1 Ta Dv RTF_PROTO1 Ta "Protocol specific routing flag #1"
376 .It Li 2 Ta Dv RTF_PROTO2 Ta "Protocol specific routing flag #2"
377 .It Li 3 Ta Dv RTF_PROTO3 Ta "Protocol specific routing flag #3"
378 .It Li B Ta Dv RTF_BLACKHOLE Ta "Just discard pkts (during updates)"
379 .It Li b Ta Dv RTF_BROADCAST Ta "The route represents a broadcast address"
380 .It Li C Ta Dv RTF_CLONING Ta "Generate new routes on use"
381 .It Li c Ta Dv RTF_PRCLONING Ta "Protocol-specified generate new routes on use"
382 .It Li D Ta Dv RTF_DYNAMIC Ta "Created dynamically (by redirect)"
383 .It Li G Ta Dv RTF_GATEWAY Ta "Destination requires forwarding by intermediary"
384 .It Li H Ta Dv RTF_HOST Ta "Host entry (net otherwise)"
385 .It Li L Ta Dv RTF_LLINFO Ta "Valid protocol to link address translation"
386 .It Li M Ta Dv RTF_MODIFIED Ta "Modified dynamically (by redirect)"
387 .It Li R Ta Dv RTF_REJECT Ta "Host or net unreachable"
388 .It Li S Ta Dv RTF_STATIC Ta "Manually added"
389 .It Li U Ta Dv RTF_UP Ta "Route usable"
390 .It Li W Ta Dv RTF_WASCLONED Ta "Route was generated as a result of cloning"
391 .It Li X Ta Dv RTF_XRESOLVE Ta "External daemon translates proto to link address"
394 Direct routes are created for each
395 interface attached to the local host;
396 the gateway field for such entries shows the address of the outgoing interface.
397 The refcnt field gives the
398 current number of active uses of the route.
400 protocols normally hold on to a single route for the duration of
401 a connection while connectionless protocols obtain a route while sending
402 to the same destination.
403 The use field provides a count of the number of packets
404 sent using that route.
405 The interface entry indicates the network interface utilized for the route.
413 interval argument, it displays a running count of statistics related to
415 An obsolescent version of this option used a numeric parameter
416 with no option, and is currently supported for backward compatibility.
417 By default, this display summarizes information for all interfaces.
418 Information for a specific interface may be displayed with the
444 IPv6 support was added by WIDE/KAME project.
446 The notion of errors is ill-defined.
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