1 DRAGONFLY CDROM README FILE
3 This CDROM boots DragonFly BSD. Basically what you get is a full base
4 system on CD with certain critical directories, such as /tmp, remounted
5 read-write using MFS. Your existing hard drive is not effected by
8 NOTE!!! DRAGONFLY IS UNDERGOING DEVELOPMENT AND IS CONSIDERED
9 EXPERIMENTAL! BSD RELATED EXPERIENCE IS RECOMMENDED WHEN USING
12 If you just want to play with DragonFly and not mess with your hard disk,
13 this CDROM boots into a fully operational console-based system, though
14 without swap it should be noted that you are limited by available memory.
16 AUTOMATIC INSTALLATION
18 We are currently developing automatic installation tools. There are none
23 Manual installation of DragonFly onto an HD involve the following sequence
24 of commands. You must be familiar with BSD style UNIX systems to do
25 installations manually. The primary IDE hard drive is typically 'ad0'
26 and DragonFly is typically installed onto the first free slice
27 (ad0s1 if disk is empty, ad0s2 if your first slice contains
28 another OS, etc). Be careful to substitute the correct partition name
31 # OPTIONAL STEP: If your disk is already partitioned and you
32 # have a spare primary partition on which you want to install
33 # Dragonfly, skip this step. However, sometimes old boot
34 # blocks or cruft in the boot area can interfere with the
35 # initialization process. A cure is to zero out the start of
36 # the disk before running fdisk.
38 # WARNING: This COMPLETELY WIPES and repartitions your hard drive.
40 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad0 bs=32k count=16
43 # If you didn't zero the disk as above, but have a spare slice
44 # whose partition type you want to change to UFS, use fdisk(8)
47 # This installs boot blocks onto the HD and verifies their
48 # installation. See note just above the 'reboot' below for
49 # things to try if it does not boot from your HD. If you
50 # already have a multi-OS bootloader installed you can skip
56 # This creates an initial label on the chosen slice of the HD. If
57 # you have problems booting you could try wiping the first 32 blocks
58 # of the slice with dd and then reinstalling the label. Replace
59 # 'ad0s1' with the chosen slice.
61 # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad0s1 bs=32k count=16
62 disklabel -B -r -w ad0s1 auto
64 # Edit the label. Create various standard partitions. The typical
67 # ad0s1a 256m This will be your /
68 # ad0s1b 1024m This will be your swap
69 # ad0s1c (leave alone)
70 # ad0s1d 256m This will be your /var
71 # ad0s1e 256m This will be your /tmp
72 # ad0s1f 8192m This will be your /usr (min 4096m)
73 # ad0s1g * All remaining space to your /home
75 # An example disklabel can be found in /etc/disklabel.ad0s1
79 # Newfs (format) the various filesystems. Softupdates is not
80 # normally enabled on the root filesystem because large kernel or
81 # world installs/upgrades can run it out of space due to softupdate's
82 # delayed bitmap freeing code.
90 # Mount the filesystems
92 mount /dev/ad0s1a /mnt
97 mount /dev/ad0s1d /mnt/var
98 mount /dev/ad0s1e /mnt/tmp
99 mount /dev/ad0s1f /mnt/usr
100 mount /dev/ad0s1g /mnt/home
102 # Copy the CDRom onto the target. cpdup won't cross mount boundaries
103 # on the source (e.g. the MFS remounts) so it takes a few commands.
110 # Cleanup. Also, with /tmp a partition it is usually reasonable
111 # to make /var/tmp a softlink to /tmp
115 ln -s /tmp /mnt/var/tmp
117 # Edit /mnt/etc/fstab to reflect the new mounts. An example fstab
118 # file based on the above parameters exists as /mnt/etc/fstab.example
119 # which you can rename to /mnt/etc/fstab.
121 mv /mnt/etc/fstab.example /mnt/etc/fstab
124 # save out your disklabel just in case. It's a good idea to save
125 # it to /etc so you can get at it from your backups. You do intend
126 # to backup your system, yah? :-) (this isn't critical but it's a
129 disklabel ad0s1 > /mnt/etc/disklabel.ad0s1
131 Once you've duplicated the CD onto your HD you have to make some edits
132 so the system boots properly from your HD. Primarily you must remove
133 or edit /mnt/boot/loader.conf, which exists on the CD to tell the kernel
134 to mount the CD's root partition.
136 # Remove /mnt/boot/loader.conf so the kernel does not try to
137 # obtain the root filesystem from the CD, and remove the other
138 # cruft that was sitting on the CD that you don't need on the HD.
140 rm /mnt/boot/loader.conf
145 At this point it should be possible to reboot. The CD may be locked
146 since it is currently mounted. Be careful of the CD drawer closing
147 on you when you open it during the reboot. Remove the CD and allow
148 the system to boot from the HD.
150 WARNING do not just hit reset, the kernel may not have written out
151 all the pending data to your HD. Either unmount the HD partitions
156 (remove CD when convenient, be careful of the CD drawer closing on you)
158 WHAT TO TRY IF THE SYSTEM WILL NOT BOOT FROM YOUR HD. There are a
159 couple of things to try. If you can select CHS or LBA mode in your BIOS,
160 try changing the mode to LBA. If that doesn't work boot from the CD
161 again and use boot0cfg to turn on packet mode (boot0cfg -o packet ad0).
163 Once you have a working HD based system you can clean up /etc/rc.conf
164 to enable things like cron, sendmail, setup your networking, and so
165 forth. If 'ifconfig' does not show your networking device you could
166 try to kldload it from /modules. With a recognized network device
167 you can ifconfig its IP address or, if you have a DHCP server on your
168 network, use 'dhclient <interfacename>' to obtain an IP address from
171 USING CVSUP TO OBTAIN A CVS TREE, PORTS, AND DOING BUILDWORLDS
173 cvsup can be used to obtain the DragonFly cvs repository, the FreeBSD
174 ports tree, and so on and so forth. 'man cvsup' for more information on
175 its capabilities. cvsup is a port (not part of the base system), but
176 it IS included on the CD. The cvsup example files are in
177 /usr/share/examples/cvsup. You will primarily be interested in the
178 DragonFly CVS repository, DragonFly-supfile, and the FreeBSD ports,
179 FreeBSD-ports-supfile. Once you have done the initial cvsup of the
180 blocks of data that you want you may wish to create a cron job to
181 keep it all up to date. However, please do not run an unattended cvsup
182 more then once a day.
184 # get the CVS pository (it is placed in /home/dcvs)
185 cvsup /usr/share/examples/cvsup/DragonFly-supfile
186 # install the source from the CVS hierarchy
188 cvs -R -d /home/dcvs checkout src
189 cvs -R -d /home/dcvs checkout dfports
191 # get the FreeBSD ports tree (it is directly broken out into /usr/ports)
192 cvsup -h cvsup.freebsd.org /usr/share/examples/cvsup/FreeBSD-ports-supfile
194 # buildworld and installworld examples
200 # buildkernel and installkernel examples. Create your own custom kernel
201 # config in /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/<YOURKERNEL> and you can build and
202 # install custom kernels.
204 # WARNING! Always keep a fully working backup kernel in / in case
205 # you blow it. Remember that /kernel.old is overwritten when you
206 # make installkernel. It is usually a good idea to maintain an emergency
207 # kernel as /kernel.GENERIC or /kernel.bak. If all else fails you can
208 # still fall back to booting the CD.
211 make buildkernel KERNCONF=GENERIC
212 make installkernel KERNCONF=GENERIC
214 EMERGENCY RECOVERY FROM THE CD
216 Lets say you blew up your kernel or something else in / and you need to
217 boot the CD to fix it. Remember that you have a fully operational
218 system when booting the CD, but that you have to fsck and mount your
219 hard drive (typically onto /mnt) to get at the contents of your HD.
221 Your HD is typically an IDE hard drive, so the device is typically
222 /dev/ad0. DragonFly is typically on the first slice, which is
223 /dev/ad0s1, and the root partition is always in partition 'a',
224 which is /dev/ad0s1a.
226 # fsck root before trying to mount it.
228 # mount root read-write onto /mnt
229 mount /dev/ad0s1a /mnt
230 # copy files from the CD as appropriate to make it possible to boot
231 # from your HD again. Note that /mnt/kernel may be flags-protected.
232 chflags noschg /mnt/kernel
233 cp /kernel /mnt/kernel
234 cp /modules/* /mnt/modules/
236 If you want to mount other partitions from your HD but have forgotten
237 what they are, simply cat /mnt/etc/fstab after mounting the root
240 $DragonFly: src/nrelease/root/README,v 1.10 2004/03/10 06:35:22 dillon Exp $