2 .\" Copyright (c) 2000 Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven
3 .\" Copyright (c) 2000,2001,2002 Søren Schmidt
4 .\" All rights reserved.
6 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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17 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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27 .\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man4/ata.4,v 1.3.2.18 2002/10/16 13:40:51 fjoe Exp $
28 .\" $DragonFly: src/share/man/man4/ata.4,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:36:58 dillon Exp $
39 .Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
41 For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
43 .Cd device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14
44 .Cd device ata1 at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15
46 For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support:
50 To support ATA compliant disk drives:
53 To support ATAPI CD-ROM, CDR, CDRW, DVD-ROM and DVD-RAM drives:
56 To support ATAPI floppy drives,
57 such as the ZIP and LS120:
60 To support ATAPI tape drives:
63 The following tunables are setable from the loader:
66 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
67 .It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
68 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is PIO).
70 set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
71 (WARNING: might cause data loss on power failures.)
73 set to 1 to enable Tagged Queuing support, 0 to disable (default is disabled).
74 (Only IBM DPTA, DTLA, ICxxxxxxAT, ICxxxxxxAV drives support that.)
77 This driver provides access to disk drives, ATAPI CD-ROM and DVD drives,
78 ZIP drives and tape streamers connected to controllers
79 according to the ATA and ATAPI standards.
80 These devices are also commonly known as IDE or EIDE devices.
82 The currently supported controllers with their maximum speed include:
84 .Bl -tag -width "Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX2000" -compact
86 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
88 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
90 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
92 DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
94 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
96 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
98 DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
100 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
102 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
104 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
106 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
108 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
110 DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
112 DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec
114 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
116 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
118 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
120 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
122 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
124 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
125 .It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-33
126 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
127 .It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-66
128 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
129 .It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100
130 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
131 .It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX4
132 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
133 .It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-133 TX2/TX2000
134 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec
135 .It ServerWorks ROSB4
136 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
138 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
140 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
142 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
144 Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec
146 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
148 Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec
150 Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec
152 Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot)
155 All unknown chipsets are supported at the maximum speed of 16 MB/sec.
159 driver also allows for changes to the transfer mode of the devices
160 at a later time when the system is up and running, see
163 The driver attempts to set the maximum performance transfer mode on your disk
164 drives by selecting the highest possible DMA mode. However the
166 driver sometimes issue the message
167 "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device",
168 if the cable is ATA66 (or above) compliant, it is because the other device
169 on this channel states it can only accept upto UDMA2/ATA33 signals.
170 ATAPI devices are left in PIO mode because DMA problems are common despite the
171 device specifications.
172 You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
174 but be aware that your hardware might
180 .Bl -tag -width "/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC " -compact
182 ATA disk device nodes
184 ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
186 ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
188 ATAPI tape drive device nodes
189 .It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC
190 sample generic kernel config file for
199 reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
200 even when not present.
201 This may result in odd situations where,
203 ad0 and ad2 exist in the absence of ad1.
204 The advantage is that the addition of the formerly absent drive
205 does not cause the numbers of the other drives to change.
209 driver does not support MFM/RLL/ESDI (ST-506) style disks.
211 Remember that in order to use UDMA4 (and above) mode you
213 to use a special 80 conductor cable,
214 and the driver tries to determine if you have such a cable
215 attached before setting UDMA4 mode.
217 The use of UDMA4(66MHz) and higher together with non-UDMA4 devices on
218 the same ATA channel is not recommended,
219 unless they are run at the non-UDMA4 device's lower speed.
220 The driver has been designed to handle that kind of setup but lots of
221 older devices do not like this.
228 driver first appeared in
234 driver was written by
236 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .
238 This manual page was written by
239 .An Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven
240 .Aq asmodai@FreeBSD.org
243 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .