2 .\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
7 .\" Copyright 1989 by Kenneth Almquist
9 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18 .\" must display the following acknowledgement:
19 .\" This product includes software developed by the University of
20 .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
21 .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
22 .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
23 .\" without specific prior written permission.
25 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
26 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
27 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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33 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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37 .\" @(#)echo.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 5/4/95
38 .\" $FreeBSD: src/bin/sh/bltin/echo.1,v 1.15 2005/01/10 08:39:25 imp Exp $
39 .\" $DragonFly: src/bin/sh/bltin/echo.1,v 1.3 2007/01/05 03:59:34 pavalos Exp $
46 .Nd produce message in a shell script
54 utility prints its arguments on the standard output, separated by spaces.
57 option is present, a newline is output following the arguments.
62 to treat the escape sequences specially, as described in the following
66 option is the default, and is provided solely for compatibility with
68 Only one of the options
74 If any of the following sequences of characters is encountered during
75 output, the sequence is not output.
76 Instead, the specified action is
78 .Bl -tag -width indent
80 A backspace character is output.
82 Subsequent output is suppressed.
83 This is normally used at the end of the
84 last argument to suppress the trailing newline that
86 would otherwise output.
90 Output a newline character.
92 Output a carriage return.
94 Output a (horizontal) tab character.
96 Output a vertical tab.
97 .It Li \e0 Ns Ar digits
98 Output the character whose value is given by zero to three digits.
99 If there are zero digits, a
106 Remember that backslash is special to the shell and needs to be escaped.
107 To output a message to standard error, say
111 The octal character escape mechanism
112 .Pq Li \e0 Ns Ar digits
114 C language mechanism.
116 There is no way to force
118 to treat its arguments literally, rather than interpreting them as
119 options and escape sequences.