usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  15  *    without specific prior written permission.
  16  *
  17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  28  *
  29  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  30  * @(#)vmstat.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  31  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
  32  */
  33
  34 #include <sys/user.h>
  35 #include <sys/param.h>
  36 #include <sys/time.h>
  37 #include <sys/uio.h>
  38 #include <sys/namei.h>
  39 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  40 #include <sys/signal.h>
  41 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  42 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  44 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  45 #include <sys/interrupt.h>
  46
  47 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  48 #include <vm/vm_zone.h>
  49
  50 #include <ctype.h>
  51 #include <err.h>
  52 #include <errno.h>
  53 #include <kinfo.h>
  54 #include <kvm.h>
  55 #include <limits.h>
  56 #include <nlist.h>
  57 #include <paths.h>
  58 #include <stdio.h>
  59 #include <stdlib.h>
  60 #include <string.h>
  61 #include <sysexits.h>
  62 #include <time.h>
  63 #include <unistd.h>
  64 #include <devstat.h>
  65
  66 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  67 #define X_BOOTTIME      0
  68         { "_boottime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  69 #define X_NCHSTATS      1
  70         { "_nchstats",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  71 #define X_KMEMSTATISTICS        2
  72         { "_kmemstatistics",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  73 #define X_ZLIST         3
  74         { "_zlist",     0, 0, 0, 0 },
  75 #ifdef notyet
  76 #define X_DEFICIT       4
  77         { "_deficit",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  78 #define X_FORKSTAT      5
  79         { "_forkstat",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  80 #define X_REC           6
  81         { "_rectime",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  82 #define X_PGIN          7
  83         { "_pgintime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  84 #define X_XSTATS        8
  85         { "_xstats",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  86 #define X_END           9
  87 #else
  88 #define X_END           4
  89 #endif
  90         { "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  91 };
  92
  93 #define ONEMB   (1024L * 1024L)
  94 #define ONEKB   (1024L)
  95
  96 LIST_HEAD(zlist, vm_zone);
  97
  98 struct statinfo cur, last;
  99 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
 100 long generation;
 101 struct device_selection *dev_select;
 102 int num_selected;
 103 struct devstat_match *matches;
 104 int num_matches = 0;
 105 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
 106 long select_generation;
 107 char **specified_devices;
 108 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
 109
 110 struct  vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
 111 struct  vmstats vms, ovms;
 112
 113 int     winlines = 20;
 114 int     nflag = 0;
 115 int     verbose = 0;
 116 int     unformatted_opt = 0;
 117 int     brief_opt = 0;
 118
 119 kvm_t *kd;
 120
 121 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
 122
 123 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 124 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 125 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 126 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 127 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 128 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 129 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 130
 131 static void cpustats(void);
 132 static void dointr(void);
 133 static void domem(void);
 134 static void dosum(void);
 135 static void dozmem(u_int interval, int reps);
 136 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
 137 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
 138 static void usage(void);
 139 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
 140 static long getuptime(void);
 141 static void needhdr(int);
 142 static long pct(long, long);
 143
 144 #ifdef notyet
 145 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
 146 static void doforkst(void);
 147 #endif
 148 static void printhdr(void);
 149 static const char *formatnum(intmax_t value, int width, int do10s);
 150 static void devstats(int dooutput);
 151
 152 int
 153 main(int argc, char **argv)
 154 {
 155         int c, todo;
 156         u_int interval;         /* milliseconds */
 157         int reps;
 158         char *memf, *nlistf;
 159         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 160
 161         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 162         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 163         maxshowdevs = 2;
 164         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bc:fiM:mN:n:p:stuvw:z")) != -1) {
 165                 switch (c) {
 166                 case 'b':
 167                         brief_opt = 1;
 168                         break;
 169                 case 'c':
 170                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 171                         break;
 172                 case 'f':
 173 #ifdef notyet
 174                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 175 #else
 176                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
 177 #endif
 178                         break;
 179                 case 'i':
 180                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 181                         break;
 182                 case 'M':
 183                         memf = optarg;
 184                         break;
 185                 case 'm':
 186                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 187                         break;
 188                 case 'N':
 189                         nlistf = optarg;
 190                         break;
 191                 case 'n':
 192                         nflag = 1;
 193                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 194                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 195                                 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 196                                      maxshowdevs);
 197                         break;
 198                 case 'p':
 199                         if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 200                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 201                         break;
 202                 case 's':
 203                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 204                         break;
 205                 case 't':
 206 #ifdef notyet
 207                         todo |= TIMESTAT;
 208 #else
 209                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
 210 #endif
 211                         break;
 212                 case 'u':
 213                         unformatted_opt = 1;
 214                         break;
 215                 case 'v':
 216                         ++verbose;
 217                         break;
 218                 case 'w':
 219                         interval = (u_int)(strtod(optarg, NULL) * 1000.0);
 220                         break;
 221                 case 'z':
 222                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 223                         break;
 224                 default:
 225                         usage();
 226                 }
 227         }
 228         argc -= optind;
 229         argv += optind;
 230
 231         if (todo == 0)
 232                 todo = VMSTAT;
 233
 234         /*
 235          * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
 236          * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
 237          */
 238         if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
 239                 setgid(getgid());
 240
 241         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 242         if (kd == NULL)
 243                 errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 244
 245         if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 246                 if (c > 0) {
 247                         warnx("undefined symbols:");
 248                         for (c = 0; c < (int)NELEM(namelist); c++)
 249                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 250                                         fprintf(stderr, " %s",
 251                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 252                         fputc('\n', stderr);
 253                 } else
 254                         warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 255                 exit(1);
 256         }
 257
 258         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 259                 struct winsize winsize;
 260
 261                 /*
 262                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 263                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 264                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 265                  */
 266                 if (checkversion() < 0)
 267                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 268
 269
 270                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 271                 winsize.ws_row = 0;
 272                 ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
 273                 if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
 274                         winlines = winsize.ws_row;
 275
 276         }
 277
 278 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 279 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 280         if (*argv) {
 281                 interval = (u_int)(strtod(*argv, NULL) * 1000.0);
 282                 if (*++argv)
 283                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 284         }
 285 #endif
 286
 287         if (interval) {
 288                 if (!reps)
 289                         reps = -1;
 290         } else if (reps) {
 291                 interval = 1000;
 292         }
 293
 294 #ifdef notyet
 295         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 296                 doforkst();
 297 #endif
 298         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 299                 domem();
 300         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 301                 dozmem(interval, reps);
 302         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 303                 dosum();
 304 #ifdef notyet
 305         if (todo & TIMESTAT)
 306                 dotimes();
 307 #endif
 308         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 309                 dointr();
 310         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 311                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 312         exit(0);
 313 }
 314
 315 static char **
 316 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 317 {
 318         if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
 319                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 320
 321         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 322         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 323         bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 324         bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 325
 326         if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
 327                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 328
 329         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 330         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 331
 332         specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
 333         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 334                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 335                         break;
 336                 num_devices_specified++;
 337                 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
 338                                                      sizeof(char *) *
 339                                                      num_devices_specified);
 340                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 341         }
 342         dev_select = NULL;
 343
 344         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 345                         maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 346
 347         /*
 348          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 349          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 350          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 351          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 352          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 353          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 354          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 355          * those devices.
 356          */
 357         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 358                 if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 359                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 360
 361                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 362         } else
 363                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 364
 365         /*
 366          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 367          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 368          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 369          */
 370         if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 371                        &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 372                        num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 373                        num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 374                        maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 375                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 376
 377         return(argv);
 378 }
 379
 380 static long
 381 getuptime(void)
 382 {
 383         static time_t now, boottime;
 384         time_t uptime;
 385
 386         if (boottime == 0)
 387                 kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
 388         time(&now);
 389         uptime = now - boottime;
 390         if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
 391                 errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
 392         return(uptime);
 393 }
 394
 395 int     hdrcnt;
 396
 397 static void
 398 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
 399 {
 400         struct vmtotal total;
 401         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 402         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 403         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 404         size_t vmt_size = sizeof(total);
 405         int initial = 1;
 406         int dooutput = 1;
 407
 408         signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 409         if (reps != 0)
 410                 dooutput = 0;
 411
 412         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 413                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 414                         printhdr();
 415                 if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
 416                         err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
 417
 418                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 419                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 420                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 421                 last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
 422
 423                 /*
 424                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 425                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 426                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 427                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 428                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 429                  */
 430                 switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
 431                 case -1:
 432                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 433                         break;
 434                 case 1: {
 435                         int retval;
 436
 437                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 438                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 439
 440                         retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 441                                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 442                                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 443                                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 444                                             specified_devices,
 445                                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 446                                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 447                         switch (retval) {
 448                         case -1:
 449                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 450                                 break;
 451                         case 1:
 452                                 printhdr();
 453                                 break;
 454                         default:
 455                                 break;
 456                         }
 457                 }
 458                 default:
 459                         break;
 460                 }
 461
 462                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 463                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 464                         exit(1);
 465                 }
 466                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 467                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
 468                         exit(1);
 469                 }
 470                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
 471                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
 472                         exit(1);
 473                 }
 474                 if (dooutput) {
 475                         printf("%3ld %2ld %2ld",
 476                                total.t_rq - 1,
 477                                total.t_dw + total.t_pw,
 478                                total.t_sw);
 479                 }
 480
 481 #define rate(x)         \
 482         (intmax_t)(initial ? (x) : ((intmax_t)(x) * 1000 + interval / 2) \
 483                                    / interval)
 484
 485                 if (dooutput) {
 486                         printf(" %s ",
 487                                formatnum((int64_t)total.t_free *
 488                                          vms.v_page_size,
 489                                          5, 1));
 490                         printf("%s ",
 491                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_vm_faults -
 492                                               ovmm.v_vm_faults),
 493                                          5, 1));
 494                         printf("%s ",
 495                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_reactivated -
 496                                               ovmm.v_reactivated),
 497                                          4, 0));
 498                         printf("%s ",
 499                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
 500                                               (ovmm.v_swapin +
 501                                                ovmm.v_vnodein)),
 502                                          4, 0));
 503                         printf("%s ",
 504                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
 505                                               (ovmm.v_swapout +
 506                                                ovmm.v_vnodeout)),
 507                                          4, 0));
 508                         printf("%s ",
 509                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree),
 510                                          4, 0));
 511                 }
 512                 devstats(dooutput);
 513                 if (dooutput) {
 514                         printf("%s ",
 515                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
 516                                          5, 1));
 517                         printf("%s ",
 518                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_syscall -
 519                                               ovmm.v_syscall),
 520                                          5, 1));
 521                         printf("%s ",
 522                                formatnum(rate(vmm.v_swtch -
 523                                               ovmm.v_swtch),
 524                                          5, 1));
 525                         cpustats();
 526                         printf("\n");
 527                         fflush(stdout);
 528                 }
 529                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 530                         break;
 531                 ovmm = vmm;
 532                 usleep(interval * 1000);
 533                 initial = 0;
 534                 dooutput = 1;
 535         }
 536 }
 537
 538 static const char *
 539 formatnum(intmax_t value, int width, int do10s)
 540 {
 541         static char buf[16][64];
 542         static int bi;
 543         const char *fmt;
 544         double d;
 545
 546         if (brief_opt)
 547                 do10s = 0;
 548
 549         bi = (bi + 1) % 16;
 550
 551         if (unformatted_opt) {
 552                 switch(width) {
 553                 case 4:
 554                         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%4jd", value);
 555                         break;
 556                 case 5:
 557                         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%5jd", value);
 558                         break;
 559                 default:
 560                         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), "%jd", value);
 561                         break;
 562                 }
 563                 return buf[bi];
 564         }
 565
 566         d = (double)value;
 567         fmt = "n/a";
 568
 569         switch(width) {
 570         case 4:
 571                 if (value < 1024) {
 572                         fmt = "%4.0f";
 573                 } else if (value < 10*1024) {
 574                         fmt = "%3.1fK";
 575                         d = d / 1024;
 576                 } else if (value < 1000*1024) {
 577                         fmt = "%3.0fK";
 578                         d = d / 1024;
 579                 } else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
 580                         fmt = "%3.1fM";
 581                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 582                 } else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
 583                         fmt = "%3.0fM";
 584                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 585                 } else {
 586                         fmt = "%3.1fG";
 587                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 588                 }
 589                 break;
 590         case 5:
 591                 if (value < 1024) {
 592                         fmt = "%5.0f";
 593                 } else if (value < 10*1024) {
 594                         fmt = "%4.2fK";
 595                         d = d / 1024;
 596                 } else if (value < 100*1024 && do10s) {
 597                         fmt = "%4.1fK";
 598                         d = d / 1024;
 599                 } else if (value < 1000*1024) {
 600                         fmt = "%4.0fK";
 601                         d = d / 1024;
 602                 } else if (value < 10*1024*1024) {
 603                         fmt = "%4.2fM";
 604                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 605                 } else if (value < 100*1024*1024 && do10s) {
 606                         fmt = "%4.1fM";
 607                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 608                 } else if (value < 1000*1024*1024) {
 609                         fmt = "%4.0fM";
 610                         d = d / (1024 * 1024);
 611                 } else if (value < 10LL*1024*1024*1024) {
 612                         fmt = "%4.2fG";
 613                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 614                 } else if (value < 100LL*1024*1024*1024 && do10s) {
 615                         fmt = "%4.1fG";
 616                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 617                 } else if (value < 1000LL*1024*1024*1024) {
 618                         fmt = "%4.0fG";
 619                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 620                 } else {
 621                         fmt = "%4.2fT";
 622                         d = d / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
 623                 }
 624                 break;
 625         default:
 626                 fprintf(stderr, "formatnum: unsupported width %d\n", width);
 627                 exit(1);
 628                 break;
 629         }
 630         snprintf(buf[bi], sizeof(buf[bi]), fmt, d);
 631         return buf[bi];
 632 }
 633
 634 static void
 635 printhdr(void)
 636 {
 637         int i, num_shown;
 638
 639         num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
 640         printf("--procs-- ---memory-- -------paging------ ");
 641         if (num_shown > 1)
 642                 printf("--disks%.*s",
 643                        num_shown * 4 - 6,
 644                        "---------------------------------");
 645         else if (num_shown == 1)
 646                 printf("disk");
 647         printf(" -----faults------ ---cpu---\n");
 648         printf("  r  b  w   fre   flt   re   pi   po   fr ");
 649         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 650                 if ((dev_select[i].selected)
 651                  && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 652                         printf(" %c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
 653                                      dev_select[i].device_name[1],
 654                                      dev_select[i].unit_number);
 655         printf("  int   sys   ctx us sy id\n");
 656         hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
 657 }
 658
 659 /*
 660  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 661  */
 662 static void
 663 needhdr(__unused int signo)
 664 {
 665
 666         hdrcnt = 1;
 667 }
 668
 669 static long
 670 pct(long top, long bot)
 671 {
 672         long ans;
 673
 674         if (bot == 0)
 675                 return(0);
 676         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 677         return (ans);
 678 }
 679
 680 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 681
 682 static void
 683 dosum(void)
 684 {
 685         struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
 686         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 687         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 688         int cpucnt;
 689         u_long nchtotal;
 690         u_long nchpathtotal;
 691         size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
 692
 693         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 694                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 695                 exit(1);
 696         }
 697         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 698                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 699                 exit(1);
 700         }
 701         printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
 702         printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
 703         printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
 704         printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
 705         printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
 706         printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
 707         printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
 708         printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
 709         printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
 710         printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
 711         printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
 712         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
 713         printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
 714         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
 715         printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
 716         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
 717         printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
 718         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
 719         printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
 720         printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
 721         printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
 722         printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
 723         printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
 724         printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
 725         printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
 726         printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
 727         printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
 728         printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
 729         printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
 730         printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
 731         printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
 732         printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
 733         printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
 734         printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
 735         printf("%9lu pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
 736         printf("%9lu pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
 737         printf("%9lu pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
 738         printf("%9lu pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
 739         printf("%9lu pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
 740         printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
 741         printf("%9u global smp invltlbs\n", vmm.v_smpinvltlb);
 742
 743         if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
 744                 perror("malloc");
 745                 exit(1);
 746         } else {
 747                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
 748                         perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
 749                         free(nch_tmp);
 750                         exit(1);
 751                 } else {
 752                         if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
 753                                 perror("realloc");
 754                                 exit(1);
 755                         }
 756                 }
 757         }
 758
 759         cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
 760         kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
 761
 762         nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
 763             nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
 764             nchstats.ncs_miss;
 765         nchpathtotal = nchstats.ncs_longhits + nchstats.ncs_longmiss;
 766         printf("%9ld total path lookups\n", nchpathtotal);
 767         printf("%9ld total component lookups\n", nchtotal);
 768         printf(
 769             "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg)\n",
 770             "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
 771             PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal));
 772         printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%\n", "",
 773             PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
 774             PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal));
 775         free(nch_tmp);
 776 }
 777
 778 #ifdef notyet
 779 void
 780 doforkst(void)
 781 {
 782         struct forkstat fks;
 783
 784         kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
 785         printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 786             fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
 787         printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 788             fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
 789 }
 790 #endif
 791
 792 static void
 793 devstats(int dooutput)
 794 {
 795         int dn;
 796         long double transfers_per_second;
 797         long double busy_seconds;
 798
 799         diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
 800         diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
 801         diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
 802         diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
 803         diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
 804         old_cp_time = cp_time;
 805
 806         busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
 807
 808         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
 809                 int di;
 810
 811                 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
 812                  || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
 813                         continue;
 814
 815                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
 816
 817                 if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
 818                                   &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
 819                                   NULL, NULL, NULL,
 820                                   NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
 821                                   NULL, NULL) != 0)
 822                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 823
 824                 if (dooutput)
 825                         printf("%s ", formatnum(transfers_per_second, 4, 0));
 826         }
 827 }
 828
 829 static void
 830 cpustats(void)
 831 {
 832         uint64_t total;
 833         double totusage;
 834
 835         total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
 836             diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
 837
 838         if (total)
 839                 totusage = 100.0 / total;
 840         else
 841                 totusage = 0;
 842         printf("%2.0f ",
 843                (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
 844         printf("%2.0f ",
 845                (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
 846         printf("%2.0f",
 847                diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
 848 }
 849
 850 static void
 851 dointr(void)
 852 {
 853         u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
 854         u_int64_t inttotal;
 855         size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
 856         int nwidth;
 857         char *intrstr;
 858         char **intrname;
 859
 860         uptime = getuptime();
 861         if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
 862                 errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
 863         intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
 864         if (intrstr == NULL)
 865                 err(1, "malloc");
 866         sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
 867         for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
 868                 if (intrstr[i] == 0)
 869                         nintr++;
 870         }
 871         intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
 872         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 873                 intrname[i] = intrstr;
 874                 intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
 875         }
 876
 877         size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
 878         intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(*intrcnt));
 879         if (intrcnt == NULL)
 880                 err(1, "malloc");
 881         sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
 882
 883         nwidth = 21;
 884         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 885                 if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
 886                         nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
 887         }
 888         if (verbose) nwidth += 12;
 889
 890         printf("%-*.*s %11s %10s\n",
 891                 nwidth, nwidth, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
 892         inttotal = 0;
 893         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 894                 int named;
 895                 char *infop, irqinfo[72];
 896
 897                 if ((named = strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3)) != 0 ||
 898                     intrcnt[i] > 0) {
 899                         infop = intrname[i];
 900                         if (verbose) {
 901                                 ssize_t irq, cpu;
 902
 903                                 irq = i % MAX_INTS;
 904                                 cpu = i / MAX_INTS;
 905                                 if (named) {
 906                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 907                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: %s",
 908                                                  irq, cpu, intrname[i]);
 909                                 } else {
 910                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 911                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: ", irq, cpu);
 912                                 }
 913                                 infop = irqinfo;
 914                         }
 915                         printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
 916                                 nwidth, nwidth, infop,
 917                                 intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
 918                 }
 919                 inttotal += intrcnt[i];
 920         }
 921         printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
 922                 nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
 923                 (long long)inttotal, (long long)(inttotal / uptime));
 924 }
 925
 926 #define MAX_KMSTATS     1024
 927
 928 enum ksuse { KSINUSE, KSMEMUSE, KSCALLS };
 929
 930 static long
 931 cpuagg(struct malloc_type *ks, enum ksuse use)
 932 {
 933     int i;
 934     long ttl;
 935
 936     ttl = 0;
 937
 938     switch(use) {
 939     case KSINUSE:
 940         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 941             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].inuse;
 942         break;
 943     case KSMEMUSE:
 944         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 945             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].memuse;
 946         break;
 947     case KSCALLS:
 948         for (i = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 949             ttl += ks->ks_use[i].calls;
 950         break;
 951     }
 952     return(ttl);
 953 }
 954
 955 static void
 956 domem(void)
 957 {
 958         struct malloc_type *ks;
 959         int i;
 960         int nkms;
 961         long totuse = 0, totreq = 0;
 962         struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
 963         char buf[1024];
 964
 965         kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
 966         for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
 967                 if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
 968                     &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
 969                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
 970                 if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
 971                     (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
 972                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
 973                             kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
 974                 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 975                 kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
 976                 kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
 977         }
 978         if (kmsp != NULL)
 979                 warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
 980
 981         printf(
 982             "\nMemory statistics by type\n");
 983         printf("               Type   Count  MemUse   Limit Requests\n");
 984         for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
 985                 long ks_inuse;
 986                 long ks_memuse;
 987                 long ks_calls;
 988
 989                 ks_calls = cpuagg(ks, KSCALLS);
 990                 if (ks_calls == 0)
 991                         continue;
 992
 993                 ks_inuse = cpuagg(ks, KSINUSE);
 994                 ks_memuse = cpuagg(ks, KSMEMUSE);
 995
 996                 printf("%19s   %s   %s   %s    %s\n",
 997                         ks->ks_shortdesc,
 998                         formatnum(ks_inuse, 5, 1),
 999                         formatnum(ks_memuse, 5, 1),
1000                         formatnum(ks->ks_limit, 5, 1),
1001                         formatnum(ks_calls, 5, 1));
1002
1003                 totuse += ks_memuse;
1004                 totreq += ks_calls;
1005         }
1006         printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use  Requests\n");
1007         printf("                 %s  %s\n",
1008                 formatnum(totuse, 5, 1),
1009                 formatnum(totreq, 5, 1));
1010 }
1011
1012 #define MAXSAVE 16
1013
1014 static void
1015 dozmem(u_int interval, int reps)
1016 {
1017         struct zlist    zlist;
1018         struct vm_zone  *kz;
1019         struct vm_zone  zone;
1020         struct vm_zone  copy;
1021         struct vm_zone  save[MAXSAVE];
1022         char name[64];
1023         size_t namesz;
1024         int i;
1025         int first = 1;
1026
1027         bzero(save, sizeof(save));
1028
1029 again:
1030         kread(X_ZLIST, &zlist, sizeof(zlist));
1031         kz = LIST_FIRST(&zlist);
1032         i = 0;
1033
1034         while (kz) {
1035                 if (kvm_read(kd, (intptr_t)kz, &zone, sizeof(zone)) !=
1036                     (ssize_t)sizeof(zone)) {
1037                         perror("kvm_read");
1038                         break;
1039                 }
1040                 copy = zone;
1041                 zone.znalloc -= save[i].znalloc;
1042                 save[i] = copy;
1043                 namesz = sizeof(name);
1044                 if (kvm_readstr(kd, (intptr_t)zone.zname, name, &namesz) == NULL) {
1045                         perror("kvm_read");
1046                         break;
1047                 }
1048                 if (first && interval) {
1049                         /* do nothing */
1050                 } else if (zone.zmax) {
1051                         printf("%-10s %9ld/%9ld %5ldM used"
1052                                " use=%-9lu %6.2f%%\n",
1053                                 name,
1054                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt),
1055                                 (long)zone.zmax,
1056                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt) *
1057                                         zone.zsize / (1024 * 1024),
1058                                 (unsigned long)zone.znalloc,
1059                                 (double)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt) *
1060                                         100.0 / (double)zone.zmax);
1061                 } else {
1062                         printf("%-10s %9ld           %5ldM used"
1063                                " use=%-9lu\n",
1064                                 name,
1065                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt),
1066                                 (long)(zone.ztotal - zone.zfreecnt) *
1067                                         zone.zsize / (1024 * 1024),
1068                                 (unsigned long)zone.znalloc);
1069                 }
1070                 kz = LIST_NEXT(&zone, zlink);
1071                 ++i;
1072         }
1073         if (reps) {
1074                 first = 0;
1075                 fflush(stdout);
1076                 usleep(interval * 1000);
1077                 --reps;
1078                 printf("\n");
1079                 goto again;
1080         }
1081 }
1082
1083 /*
1084  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1085  */
1086 static void
1087 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1088 {
1089         const char *sym;
1090
1091         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1092                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1093                 if (*sym == '_')
1094                         ++sym;
1095                 errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1096         }
1097         if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
1098                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1099                 if (*sym == '_')
1100                         ++sym;
1101                 errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1102         }
1103 }
1104
1105 static void
1106 usage(void)
1107 {
1108         fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
1109                 "usage: vmstat [-imsuvz] [-c count] [-M core] "
1110                 "[-N system] [-w wait]\n",
1111                 "              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
1112         exit(1);
1113 }