1 DRAGONFLY CDROM README FILE
3 This CDROM boots DragonFly BSD. Basically what you get is a full base
4 system on CD with certain critical directories, such as /tmp, remounted
5 read-write using MFS. Your existing hard drive is not effected by
8 NOTE!!! DRAGONFLY IS UNDERGOING DEVELOPMENT AND IS CONSIDERED
9 EXPERIMENTAL! BSD RELATED EXPERIENCE IS RECOMMENDED WHEN USING
12 If you just want to play with DragonFly and not mess with your hard disk,
13 this CDROM boots into a fully operational console-based system, though
14 without swap it should be noted that you are limited by available memory.
16 AUTOMATIC INSTALLATION
18 We are currently developing automatic installation tools. There are none
23 Manual installation of DragonFly onto an HD involve the following sequence
24 of commands. You must be familiar with BSD style UNIX systems to do
25 installations manually. The primary IDE hard drive is typically 'ad0'
26 and DragonFly is typically installed onto the first free slice
27 (ad0s1 if disk is empty, ad0s2 if your first slice contains
28 another OS, etc). Be careful to substitute the correct partition name
31 # OPTIONAL STEP: If your disk is already partitioned and you
32 # have a spare primary partition on which you want to install
33 # Dragonfly, skip this step. However, sometimes old boot
34 # blocks or cruft in the boot area can interfere with the
35 # initialization process. A cure is to zero out the start of
36 # the disk before running fdisk.
38 # WARNING: This COMPLETELY WIPES and repartitions your hard drive.
40 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad0 bs=32k count=16
44 # If you didn't zero the disk as above, but have a spare slice
45 # whose partition type you want to change to UFS, use fdisk(8)
48 # This installs boot blocks onto the HD and verifies their
49 # installation. See note just above the 'reboot' below for
50 # things to try if it does not boot from your HD. If you
51 # already have a multi-OS bootloader installed you can skip
57 # This creates an initial label on the chosen slice of the HD. If
58 # you have problems booting you could try wiping the first 32 blocks
59 # of the slice with dd and then reinstalling the label. Replace
60 # 'ad0s1' with the chosen slice.
62 # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad0s1 bs=32k count=16
63 disklabel -B -r -w ad0s1 auto
65 # Edit the label. Create various standard partitions. The typical
68 # ad0s1a 256m This will be your /
69 # ad0s1b 1024m This will be your swap
70 # ad0s1c (leave alone)
71 # ad0s1d 256m This will be your /var
72 # ad0s1e 256m This will be your /tmp
73 # ad0s1f 8192m This will be your /usr (min 4096m)
74 # ad0s1g * All remaining space to your /home
76 # An example disklabel can be found in /etc/disklabel.ad0s1
80 # Newfs (format) the various filesystems. Softupdates is not
81 # normally enabled on the root filesystem because large kernel or
82 # world installs/upgrades can run it out of space due to softupdate's
83 # delayed bitmap freeing code.
91 # Mount the filesystems
93 mount /dev/ad0s1a /mnt
98 mount /dev/ad0s1d /mnt/var
99 mount /dev/ad0s1e /mnt/tmp
100 mount /dev/ad0s1f /mnt/usr
101 mount /dev/ad0s1g /mnt/home
103 # Copy the CDRom onto the target. cpdup won't cross mount boundaries
104 # on the source (e.g. the MFS remounts) so it takes a few commands.
111 # Cleanup. Also, with /tmp a partition it is usually reasonable
112 # to make /var/tmp a softlink to /tmp
116 ln -s /tmp /mnt/var/tmp
118 # Edit /mnt/etc/fstab to reflect the new mounts. An example fstab
119 # file based on the above parameters exists as /mnt/etc/fstab.example
120 # which you can rename to /mnt/etc/fstab.
122 mv /mnt/etc/fstab.example /mnt/etc/fstab
125 # save out your disklabel just in case. It's a good idea to save
126 # it to /etc so you can get at it from your backups. You do intend
127 # to backup your system, yah? :-) (this isn't critical but it's a
130 disklabel ad0s1 > /mnt/etc/disklabel.ad0s1
132 Once you've duplicated the CD onto your HD you have to make some edits
133 so the system boots properly from your HD. Primarily you must remove
134 or edit /mnt/boot/loader.conf, which exists on the CD to tell the kernel
135 to mount the CD's root partition.
137 # Remove /mnt/boot/loader.conf so the kernel does not try to
138 # obtain the root filesystem from the CD, and remove the other
139 # cruft that was sitting on the CD that you don't need on the HD.
141 rm /mnt/boot/loader.conf
146 At this point it should be possible to reboot. The CD may be locked
147 since it is currently mounted. Be careful of the CD drawer closing
148 on you when you open it during the reboot. Remove the CD and allow
149 the system to boot from the HD.
151 WARNING do not just hit reset, the kernel may not have written out
152 all the pending data to your HD. Either unmount the HD partitions
157 (remove CD when convenient, be careful of the CD drawer closing on you)
159 WHAT TO TRY IF THE SYSTEM WILL NOT BOOT FROM YOUR HD. There are a
160 couple of things to try. If you can select CHS or LBA mode in your BIOS,
161 try changing the mode to LBA. If that doesn't work boot from the CD
162 again and use boot0cfg to turn on packet mode (boot0cfg -o packet ad0).
164 Once you have a working HD based system you can clean up /etc/rc.conf
165 to enable things like cron, sendmail, setup your networking, and so
166 forth. If 'ifconfig' does not show your networking device you could
167 try to kldload it from /modules. With a recognized network device
168 you can ifconfig its IP address or, if you have a DHCP server on your
169 network, use 'dhclient <interfacename>' to obtain an IP address from
172 USING CVSUP TO OBTAIN A CVS TREE, PORTS, AND DOING BUILDWORLDS
174 cvsup can be used to obtain the DragonFly cvs repository, the FreeBSD
175 ports tree, and so on and so forth. 'man cvsup' for more information on
176 its capabilities. cvsup is a port (not part of the base system), but
177 it IS included on the CD. The cvsup example files are in
178 /usr/share/examples/cvsup. You will primarily be interested in the
179 DragonFly CVS repository, DragonFly-supfile, and the FreeBSD ports,
180 FreeBSD-ports-supfile. Once you have done the initial cvsup of the
181 blocks of data that you want you may wish to create a cron job to
182 keep it all up to date. However, please do not run an unattended cvsup
183 more then once a day.
185 # get the CVS pository (it is placed in /home/dcvs)
186 cvsup /usr/share/examples/cvsup/DragonFly-supfile
187 # install the source from the CVS hierarchy
189 cvs -R -d /home/dcvs checkout src
190 cvs -R -d /home/dcvs checkout dfports
192 # get the FreeBSD ports tree (it is directly broken out into /usr/ports)
193 cvsup -h cvsup.freebsd.org /usr/share/examples/cvsup/FreeBSD-ports-supfile
195 # buildworld and installworld examples
201 # buildkernel and installkernel examples. Create your own custom kernel
202 # config in /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/<YOURKERNEL> and you can build and
203 # install custom kernels.
205 # WARNING! Always keep a fully working backup kernel in / in case
206 # you blow it. Remember that /kernel.old is overwritten when you
207 # make installkernel. It is usually a good idea to maintain an emergency
208 # kernel as /kernel.GENERIC or /kernel.bak. If all else fails you can
209 # still fall back to booting the CD.
212 make buildkernel KERNCONF=GENERIC
213 make installkernel KERNCONF=GENERIC
215 EMERGENCY RECOVERY FROM THE CD
217 Lets say you blew up your kernel or something else in / and you need to
218 boot the CD to fix it. Remember that you have a fully operational
219 system when booting the CD, but that you have to fsck and mount your
220 hard drive (typically onto /mnt) to get at the contents of your HD.
222 Your HD is typically an IDE hard drive, so the device is typically
223 /dev/ad0. DragonFly is typically on the first slice, which is
224 /dev/ad0s1, and the root partition is always in partition 'a',
225 which is /dev/ad0s1a.
227 # fsck root before trying to mount it.
229 # mount root read-write onto /mnt
230 mount /dev/ad0s1a /mnt
231 # copy files from the CD as appropriate to make it possible to boot
232 # from your HD again. Note that /mnt/kernel may be flags-protected.
233 chflags noschg /mnt/kernel
234 cp /kernel /mnt/kernel
235 cp /modules/* /mnt/modules/
237 If you want to mount other partitions from your HD but have forgotten
238 what they are, simply cat /mnt/etc/fstab after mounting the root
241 $DragonFly: src/nrelease/root/README,v 1.12 2004/04/22 16:53:17 cpressey Exp $