/* mpfr_log2 -- log base 2

Copyright 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Contributed by the Arenaire and Cacao projects, INRIA.

This file is part of the GNU MPFR Library.

The GNU MPFR Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version.

The GNU MPFR Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public
License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with the GNU MPFR Library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston,
MA 02110-1301, USA. */

#define MPFR_NEED_LONGLONG_H
#include "mpfr-impl.h"

 /* The computation of r=log2(a)
      r=log2(a)=log(a)/log(2)      */

int
mpfr_log2 (mpfr_ptr r, mpfr_srcptr a, mp_rnd_t rnd_mode)
{
  int inexact;
  MPFR_SAVE_EXPO_DECL (expo);

  if (MPFR_UNLIKELY (MPFR_IS_SINGULAR (a)))
    {
      /* If a is NaN, the result is NaN */
      if (MPFR_IS_NAN (a))
        {
          MPFR_SET_NAN (r);
          MPFR_RET_NAN;
        }
      /* check for infinity before zero */
      else if (MPFR_IS_INF (a))
        {
          if (MPFR_IS_NEG (a))
            /* log(-Inf) = NaN */
            {
              MPFR_SET_NAN (r);
              MPFR_RET_NAN;
            }
          else /* log(+Inf) = +Inf */
            {
              MPFR_SET_INF (r);
              MPFR_SET_POS (r);
              MPFR_RET (0);
            }
        }
      else /* a is zero */
        {
          MPFR_ASSERTD (MPFR_IS_ZERO (a));
          MPFR_SET_INF (r);
          MPFR_SET_NEG (r);
          MPFR_RET (0); /* log2(0) is an exact -infinity */
        }
    }

  /* If a is negative, the result is NaN */
  if (MPFR_UNLIKELY (MPFR_IS_NEG (a)))
    {
      MPFR_SET_NAN (r);
      MPFR_RET_NAN;
    }

  /* If a is 1, the result is 0 */
  if (MPFR_UNLIKELY (mpfr_cmp_ui (a, 1) == 0))
    {
      MPFR_SET_ZERO (r);
      MPFR_SET_POS (r);
      MPFR_RET (0); /* only "normal" case where the result is exact */
    }

  /* If a is 2^N, log2(a) is exact*/
  if (MPFR_UNLIKELY (mpfr_cmp_ui_2exp (a, 1, MPFR_GET_EXP (a) - 1) == 0))
    return mpfr_set_si(r, MPFR_GET_EXP (a) - 1, rnd_mode);

  MPFR_SAVE_EXPO_MARK (expo);

  /* General case */
  {
    /* Declaration of the intermediary variable */
    mpfr_t t, tt;
    /* Declaration of the size variable */
    mp_prec_t Ny = MPFR_PREC(r);              /* target precision */
    mp_prec_t Nt;                             /* working precision */
    mp_exp_t err;                             /* error */
    MPFR_ZIV_DECL (loop);

    /* compute the precision of intermediary variable */
    /* the optimal number of bits : see algorithms.tex */
    Nt = Ny + 3 + MPFR_INT_CEIL_LOG2 (Ny);

    /* initialise of intermediary       variable */
    mpfr_init2 (t, Nt);
    mpfr_init2 (tt, Nt);

    /* First computation of log2 */
    MPFR_ZIV_INIT (loop, Nt);
    for (;;)
      {
        /* compute log2 */
        mpfr_const_log2(t,GMP_RNDD); /* log(2) */
        mpfr_log(tt,a,GMP_RNDN);     /* log(a) */
        mpfr_div(t,tt,t,GMP_RNDN); /* log(a)/log(2) */

        /* estimation of the error */
        err = Nt-3;
        if (MPFR_LIKELY (MPFR_CAN_ROUND (t, err, Ny, rnd_mode)))
          break;

        /* actualisation of the precision */
        MPFR_ZIV_NEXT (loop, Nt);
        mpfr_set_prec (t, Nt);
        mpfr_set_prec (tt, Nt);
      }
    MPFR_ZIV_FREE (loop);

    inexact = mpfr_set (r, t, rnd_mode);

    mpfr_clear (t);
    mpfr_clear (tt);
  }

  MPFR_SAVE_EXPO_FREE (expo);
  return mpfr_check_range (r, inexact, rnd_mode);
}